Table of Contents
Checks and balances are fundamental to the functioning of a democratic government. They ensure that no single branch becomes too powerful and that each branch can limit the powers of the others. This system maintains the balance of power and protects individual rights.
The Three Branches of Government
The United States government is divided into three branches: the Legislative, the Executive, and the Judicial. Each branch has specific powers and responsibilities.
Legislative Branch
The Legislative Branch, composed of Congress, makes laws. It consists of two chambers: the House of Representatives and the Senate. Congress can pass legislation, approve budgets, and declare war.
Executive Branch
The Executive Branch is headed by the President. It enforces laws, conducts foreign policy, and manages government agencies. The President can veto legislation, but Congress can override this veto with a two-thirds majority.
Judicial Branch
The Judicial Branch, led by the Supreme Court, interprets laws and ensures they comply with the Constitution. It can declare laws or executive actions unconstitutional, providing a check on the other branches.
How Checks and Balances Work
Each branch has specific powers to limit the others. For example, the President can veto laws, Congress can impeach officials, and the courts can strike down laws that violate the Constitution. This system prevents any one branch from gaining too much power.
- Veto power of the President
- Congress’s power to impeach
- Judicial review by the Supreme Court
- Senate’s approval of treaties and appointments