Table of Contents
Congress is the legislative branch of the United States government. It is responsible for making laws, representing citizens, and overseeing the federal government. Understanding how Congress operates helps citizens stay informed about the decision-making process that affects their lives.
The Structure of Congress
Congress consists of two chambers: the House of Representatives and the Senate. Each chamber has distinct roles and responsibilities. The House has 435 members, with representation based on state population. The Senate has 100 members, with two senators from each state.
The Lawmaking Process
The process of passing a law involves several steps. First, a bill is introduced in either chamber. It then goes through committee review, where experts analyze its implications. If approved, it moves to the full chamber for debate and voting. If both chambers pass the bill, it goes to the President for approval or veto.
How Decisions Are Made
Decisions in Congress are made through voting. Members consider the bill’s content, public opinion, and party positions. Votes can be voice votes, roll calls, or electronic votes. Majority support is needed for a bill to pass. Committees play a key role in shaping legislation before it reaches the floor.
Ways Citizens Can Engage
- Contact your representatives to share your opinions.
- Attend town hall meetings or public hearings.
- Follow congressional news and vote in elections.
- Participate in advocacy groups or campaigns.