Table of Contents
Congressional committees play a vital role in the legislative process. They review, amend, and shape proposed laws before they reach the full chamber for a vote. Understanding how committees operate helps clarify how decisions are made in Congress.
Committee Structure and Types
Congress has numerous committees, each focusing on specific policy areas. These include standing committees, select committees, and joint committees. Standing committees are permanent and handle ongoing legislative work, while select committees are temporary and focus on particular issues.
How Committees Make Decisions
Committees review proposed legislation through hearings, debates, and votes. Members gather information, hear testimonies, and analyze the potential impact of bills. A majority vote within the committee determines whether a bill advances to the full chamber.
Key Steps in Committee Action
- Referral: A bill is assigned to a relevant committee.
- Review: Committee members examine the bill’s details.
- Hearings: Experts and stakeholders provide testimony.
- Mark-up: Members suggest amendments and changes.
- Vote: The committee votes to approve or reject the bill.