Ekisiikirize ky’Omufuzi w’Obutonde Bwonna: Omusingi ogutaliiko Bbulu

Ekiragiro ekya Bungereza kiwa obwetwaze obwangu okukyawulamu. Obutafaananako gavumenti za demokulase ezisinga obungi eziriwo mu kiwandiiko kimu, tewali wonna we zibeera. Wabula, kiba kiramu, era nga kissa tteeka lya mateeka, amateeka aga bulijjo, obuyinza, n'enkola ennene mu nkuŋŋaana ennene. Ekiragiro kino kiri mu mutima gwa gavumenti. Ekiragiro kya constitution si kitabo kya mateeka ne gavumenti ebya Bungereza; kirimu olukalala olwa emyaka 800 mu buyinza bwa kabaka, ekya waggulu, ekya kkanisa, era abantu.

Ekitundu kino kiraga oluuyi olwo nga kikebera ebifo ebikyuka waggulu ("B) okuva ku mpandiika y'amateeka ewaliriza ekiwandiiko ku lukalala lw'amateeka (Runnymede) okutuuka ku mpandiika ya digitation ya kkooti y’omu kiseera kino eyabanga n'enkolagana wakati w'Engule n’eggwanga.

Anglo-Saxon ne Norman Ezzaddes (Pre - 1215)

Norman Consolation mu 1066, bakabaka b'e Bungereza-Saxon mu Bungereza tebaafuga nga bawagidde. Witan[ (abagezigezi]]]", ekibiina ky'abakungu n'abakulembeze b'eddiini, kyakozesebwa nga akakiiko akaawula amateeka. Yawabula kabaka ku nsonga z'amateeka, yawa abasika obusika mu ttaka, era n'omulonde w'abamunzi. Nga kabaka ye mukulembeze asinga obukulu, Witan yakiikirira okusala okw'amaanyi okwali ku nsonga.

William omuwanguzi yaleeta mu Bungereza enkola y'oludda olukulu. Y'alina ensi, n'amuwa obulagirizi mu bwenkanya, era n'alagira abantu okuba abeesigwa mu bujjuvu. Kyokka, yateekawo Conuria Regis (Lw'olukiiko lwa Kabaka), ekibiina ky'abapangisa era n'abakulembeze b'eddiini abaamuwabula. Mu kyasa ekyaddako, wansi wa bakabaka nga Henry I ne Henry II, Curia Regis, yatandikawo ekibiina kya Curcia Regis. Enkyukakyuka ez'omu mateeka zaatandikawo esyini nga zikola amateeka ku nsonga za kabaka. .[8][8]

Akapande Akakulu: Magna Carta (1215)

Kabaka John yayonoona nnyo obufuzi bwe. Ekyava mu kusolooza omusolo ogw'amaanyi, okulemererwa kwa magye mu Bufalansa, era n'okuyomba kwa maanyi ne Ppaapa.=agonda amaduuka g'Abangereza. Mu 1215, baajeemera, ne banyaga London ne bakaka Kabaka okwogerako. Magna Carta[[FL:1] (Ekiwandiiko Great Chartarter). Wadde nga ekiwandiiko ekyo kyago kyagoberezebwa ensonga enkulu, kyalimu emisingi ebiri egyabanga gyegna okugattikanya ebyasa ebyasa ebyasa by'awukaasa.

Okusooka, kabaka yali tayinza kusasula bantu kuyitira mu "kukkiriza ettwale lya gavumenti." Kino kyasimba ensigo y'okufuga emisolo gya palamenti. Ekyokubiri, Claus 39 yagamba nti tewali muntu wa ddembe ayinza okusibibwa, okugobebwa, oba okutwalibwa mu buwaŋŋanguse "w'okuva ku musango ogukkirizibwa abantu be benkana oba ku mateeka g'ensi." Ekiragiro kino [ kyalina enkola ey'omulembe [ era n'amateeka gaali gago agaali gagobeegasa ne kabaka.

Magna Carta yassibwamu oludda era n’akakasibwa emirundi mingi bakabaka ab’omu biseera ebyaddirira, naddala Henry III ne Edward I, abaali beetaaga obuwagizi bw’eby’obufuzi bw’abakungu ba gavumenti. Ekyasa ekya 17, kyali kifuuse akabonero ak’amaanyi ennyo akalaga eddembe ery’edda, era abakungu ba Paali bawagidde okulwana ne Stuart.

Olukiiko lw'ensiri (1265-1485) lwe lwatandikibwawo

Mu 1265, Simon de Montfort, eyali avudde mu buyinza n'okugenda mu maaso, yayita paalimenti eyali terimu bannaddiini n'abakulu b'eddiini bokka, naye era n'abavubuka abaava mu bibuga.

Edward I, omuteegeevu mu bya manya, yategeera nti palamenti yayawuddemu mu kutwala omusolo ogw'amaanyi ogwetaagisa mu ntalo ze. " Palamenti ye enfulumeeti ezigoberera enkola za 1295] era nga 1295 ze zikola nga ennyimba z'ebigenda okukozesebwa mu biseera eby'omu maaso. Mu kyasa 14, Olumalamende olwagattibwamu amayumba abiri: Ennyumba ya Baamaster[[ [[FLT]] (ogw'obwe oba abakulembeze b'abakulembeze]) n'abakulembeze] era n'ennyumba enfunja za bantu (obuddewungeri n'obugo). Ekiragiro ekigo ekigobega ekigamba ekigamba ekigamba ekyo kyava mu kifo eky'okukyungibwa ennyo, tebya bulungi ku ku kuteekawo ssente ezibakibwa .[Foletirstrimu."[F.'okuteekawo][F.'okuteekawo.'oku

Ekitongole Ekirala eky’Abannaddiini: Obumaddala n’Olukiiko lw’Enzikiriza

Olufuge lwa Tudor lwazzaawo enkolagana wakati w'obwakabaka ne tteeka eryali libafuga. Henry VIII yayagala okumenyaanya obufumbo bwa Catherine ow'e Aragon. Kye yali asazeewo kyali okumenyamenyeka okuva e Rooma yeetwale nga Supreme Omutwe gwa Kkanisa ya Bungereza[ nga agoberera Kiwandiiko kya Supremacy mu 1534.

Kino kyali kikolwa kya maanyi nnyo eky’okulondawo nti kabaka yali wa buyinza. Kyokka, Henry VIII yalina okukozesa amateeka okukkirizibwa okumenyawo, okusaanyawo ebifo ebikuumirwamu bannaddiini, era n'okufuula engule ey’oku ntikko mu nsonga zonna ez’eby’omwoyo n'ez'akaseera obuseera. Kino kyali kyewuuzi ekyewuunyisa nti Paalimenti yali tayinza kutuukiriza biruubirirwa bye nga takozesezza lukiiko lwokka.

Embeera Embi Ennyo: Olutalo olw’Eby’Obufuzi n’Olukiiko Olumu olw’Eby’Obumu

Okufuuka bannakabaka mu 1603 kyaleetawo okusoomooza okw'amaanyi ku ntegeka eno eyatandikawo. James I ne mutabani we Charles I baali bakkiririza mu Busika bwa Katonda obwa bakabaka.][1] Endowooza egamba nti kabaka yali asobola okuddibwamu mu Katonda yekka so si mu lukiiko olukulu. Charles I yagezaako okufuga awatali lukiiko (Obufuzi bwa Empisa" okuva mu 1629 okutuuka mu 1662) era n'okuteeka omusolo nga "ssente ez'obutunzi" awatali kugaana musolo.

Oluvannyuma lw'okuwalirizibwa okujjukira Olukiiko lw'eggwanga, wajjawo obuzibu mu lukiiko lw'eggwanga. Olukiiko lw'eggwanga lwamuwa ekiragiro ekitegeeza nti RASSEEN'EKIFUZI: era nga yawalirizibwa okuleka okusibibwa n'okusasula emisolo. Charles yagaana okukolagana era n'obuteesigamyaamu lukalala. Olutalo olwo lwokyakulaakulaanya mu Bumeevi [[FLT:] mu [[FLT:] [[FLT]]] [1662], , okutuusa olutalo wakati wa Bbaali wakati wa Bbalunaali ne Palame. Mu mwaka 1649], okutta Charles I kyali kikolwa eky'okugaana obusika obw'enkomeredde obwa bulijjo. Olukiiko lw'omu kiseera kyaddako mu kulembedde wansi wa Corrom lwali lubeerera bumpimpimpi era nga teruganyinyinyinyinyiriimu, naye nga lulaga nti "buyinza okuzzaawo obwa waggulu kugobeeta y'ensi ya kabaka, ennene.

Enkyukakyuka ey’Ekitiibwa ne Bill of Rights (168-1689)

Mu 1660, Charles II yaddamu okufuga nga kabaka, naye okukaayana okw’edda okwali kukwata ku ddiini n’obufuzi kwajjawo.

Ekibinja ky'abakungu ab'omu muwaawaanya baayita William ow'e Orange ne mukyala we Mary (muwala wa James Omuprotestanti) okulumba n'okufuga. James II yadduka era "Grious Revolution" yayita mu Bungereza nga takozesezza musaayi. Kyokka, nga William ne Mary tebannaweebwa engule ey'okugoberera amateeka, Olukiiko lw'Abapolotesitante buli lujja olw'entegeka ya ddembe [[ mu 1689. Ekiwandiiko kino kye kisinzeko omusingi gwa gavumenti y'ensi yonna ey'ennono.

Ekiwandiiko ekyali kikwata ku ddembe ly’obuntu kyagamba nti kabaka yali tayinza ku:

  • Amateeka g’Olukiiko Olukulu olw’Essanyu.
  • Levy okusasula emisolo nga ssikkiriza mupaali.
  • Kuuma amagye nga gayimiridde mu kiseera eky'emirembe nga tewali mukulembeze w'Olukiiko lw'eggwanga akukkiriza.

Era kyakakasizza nti abo abaagala okukkiriziganyizibwako bannabyabufuzi balina eddembe ery'okwogera nga basaba kabaka, eddembe ery'okwogera mu lukiiko lw'awaka (abasosomi) era n'okusabibwa kwa palamenti eza bulijjo. Ekikolwa eky'okugumiikiriza ekya 1689 kyagoberererwa, okuwa Abaprotestanti eddembe ery'okusinza (singa babadde bawandikiddwa mu kkooti ya Katonda). Act of the Seament of thesiment of thesiment of 1701[FLT[FLT]] Era k'oleentu endala ezifunzidwa nga k'onzikko nga k'otaddewo akakwakko akakwa k'omufuzi w'Abaprotestanti, nga kinyweza omusingi gwa Pparmalmenti, nga baddomenti, nga baasalawo nti, so si bannanti abaadde mu mateeka ba Katonda, abaataddewo obuyinza obwannago.

Ekyasa eky’Ekkumi n’Esatu: Gavumenti ya Kkanisabuneeti

Ekyasa ekya 18 kyalaga nti waaliwo enkyukakyuka ey'amaanyi mu by'obufuzi okuva ku nnamba n'okudda mu Palamenti. Kabaka eyasooka ow'ekika kya Hanove, George I (1714-1727), yali ayogera Lungereza lutono era nga tayagalira ddala mu minukuta emitono egya bafuzi ba Bungereza. Yeesiga nnyo abakungu be okuddukanya ensi, n'okulekera awo okugenda mu nkuŋŋaana z'ekikaawumbi. Kino kyateekawo omusingi gwa sisitemu [[FLT:] Kabinet[ era n'omulimu gwa [FLT:] Pribe] era n'omulimu.

Sir Robert Walpole, eyateranga okutwalibwa okuba Minisita eyasooka (721-1742), ng'afugibwa abantu abasinga obungi mu Nnyumba ya Bannabyabufuzi. Yakikola mu linnya lya Kabaka naye nga yasibuka mu Paaliyamenti. Omufuzi omuddo abadda ku mutwe gwa mu buyinza, nga George III, yagezaako okwetongoza obuyinza bwe, naye okufiirwa amatwale g'Amerika mu kiseera ky'obufuzi kye kyavunaanibwa olw'okulemererwa kw'obufuzi bwa kabaka, era n'okuwakanya obufuzi obw'enkuukubiri mu bya bufuzi. Ekyasa ekyasa we kyatuukira omusingi nti, omufuzi oyo alina okusigala ku ttulukuka n'abakulu mu bibiina by'afuga okuyitira mu bakungu abakungu mu lukiiko lwokka.

Ekifo ky’Okubeeramu: Kya Kitiibwa era Kibeera mu Bifo Ebirungi

Ekyasa ekya 19 kyamaliriza okukomyawo tteeka eryali liragira okussaawo adriuzi. Ebikolwa (1857, 1867, 1884) ebiddiriŋŋana byagootaanya enkola y'ebyobufuzi, ne biggyibwawo ensibuko y'obufuzi mu Bfunze ne mu bakungu ba gavumenti.

Ekiragiro ekyasinga okunnyinnyonnyola enkola eno empya kyali Walter Bagehot. Mu mulimu gwe, Constitution (1867), Bageshot eyagabanyamu tteeka erya ssemateeka mu bitundu bibiri: [[" ebitundu" (Damatabi] g'entebe n'Ennyumba ya Bassessaawa) ebiyamba okujjuza n'okukuuma obutukuvu bw'abantu, n'okukulabula ku n'okukuuma obungi bwa bantu mu nsi eyo. " ebitundu (Ennyumba ya Balct ne KGUM]), ebikola omulimu gw'okufuga. Omufuzi ono yalina ekifo eky'okufuga eggwanga, ekikolebwamu ku bikwata ku bumu, n'okukulabula ku nsonga enkulu eya bulijjo.[FLT]

Wadde nga Kabaka omukazi Victoria yali agezaako nnyo okubaako ky’akolawo ku bintu eby’obufuzi, mu myaka gye egy’oluvannyuma yeekutula ku bufuzi oluvannyuma lw’okufa kwa Mulangira Albert, kyanyweza nnyo endowooza ye ey’okuba kabaka mu kifo ky’okugamba nti yali muzannyi wa bya bufuzi.

Ekyasa 20 Kinnaaco: Ebisobyo n’Ebigooto

Ekyasa ekya 20 kyagezesa nnyo obusika obwali bufuga ssawawa eryali liba nga teribaddengawo. Parliament Act eya 1911 yalemesa nnyo amaanyi g'ennyumba ya Mukama, era n'okulemesa obusobozi bwayo obw'okuziyiza ebbanja ly'essente okusukka ku mateeka amalala amalala, ne yeeyongera okunyweza ekisenge ekikiikirira ekisenge.

[[AFLT:0] Enjawulo ya Westminster mu 1931 yannyonnyola bulungi ekifo ekya engule mu Bwakabaka, nga kigoberera obufuzi (Kada, Australia, South Africa, n'ebirala]) nga bwe kyenkana olw'okuba buli ggwanga lyenkanankana olw'okussa wansi obuyinza obwalyo ku Blande. Kino kyafuula obufuzi obwa kyeyagalire okukiikirira amawanga ag'eddembe.

Ekizibu eky'amaanyi ekya ssemateeka mu mateeka mu kyasa kino kyali eki'' Eddembe ly'obusobe eriva mu mateeka mu 1936. Obumalirivu bwa Kabaka Edward VIII okuwasa Wallis Simpson eyali afuze emirundi ebiri, bwamuteeka mu kabinja k'entebe, Ekkanisa ya Bungereza, n'enkyukakyuka endala. Olukuŋŋaana olwagobererwa nga kabaka agoberera amagezi g'abasomesa be ne lugezesebwa. Edward VIIII yawalirizibwa okusuba, era muganda we n'amuddira mu kifo nga George VI. Akabenje ke kaayoleka bulungi nti okwagala kwe eri entebe y'ebifo mu Bungereza tekwasibwa kabi konna kukwata ku butebe bw'amateeka.

Endagaano Enkadde: Amayinja Agali mu Kiwandiiko Kyaffe

Ekiragiro kya Bungereza tekiriiko kkomo, naye engeri gye kikozesaamu amateeka ga gavumenti agawerako agafuga abafuzi.

Amateeka

Ebikolwa by'omu Paalimenti y'empandika y'empandika y'ekiragiro kye kisingidde okussaawo etteeka. Enkola enkulu zizingiramu Bulimu eddembe erya DGGGO [[FL:1], KKOLY'OKUSIGIRA [[701], [[FLT:], , [[[FLT]]], [[FLT]], [[FLT]], [Kikolwa eky'okusemba, [[FLT]], [[FLT]], [[FLT]] [20:7], ekikongobera enkola y'empandika z'empandika, n'empandika z'empandika, n'empandika z'empandika z'empandika, n'empandika y'eriyemu, n'enkasa ey'enkasa ey'enka (Ek'enkasa) 2011.

Enkuŋŋaana ez’Essatu

Amateeka gano agatawandiikibwa tegakkirizibwa mu mateeka, naye gatwalibwa ng'ago agafuga mu by’obufuzi.

  • [[Act:0] Assoact:[[FULT:1] Nassaged asspect eya bulijjo Ssaawo Royal Assomment eyisa empandiika eya Service. K'asembayo kugaana mu 1708 (Queen Anne).
  • [[Act:0] Okutongoza Minisita Omukulu:[[Act:1] Kabaka alonda omukulembeze w'ekibiina asobola okulagira abasinga obungi mu Nnyumba ey'okuwuliriza ebikolebwamu.
  • [[AKM:0] The Lascelles Principles (1950):[[Act:1] Enkuŋŋaana ezikwata ku buyinza bwa kabaka zireme okugaana okusaba kwa Mpaali.
  • [[AK'AMU:0] Ekiragiro kabaka alina obutabaako ludda lwe awagira mu by'obufuzi era n'agoberera amagezi g'abaweereza.

Okwegulumiza ku Mufuzi

Zino ze buyinza bwa nnannyini mitwe, obukozesebwa kati n'obufuga gavumenti. Zizingiramu amaanyi ag'okulangirira entalo, okusanyazaamu, okusindika amagye, okuddukanya emirimu gya gavumenti, n'empagi z'okusiiga ebitabo. Wadde nga gafuga kabaka, obufuzi obwo bukozesebwa ku magezi ga baminisita. Obusobozi obwo bweyongedde okujjukirwako mu kkooti.

Omuntu Eyafuga nga Kabaka mu Kyasa Ekya 21

Leero, ekifo kya tteeka kya kabaka wa Bungereza kinnyonnyolwa bulungi. Kabaka Charles III, nga maama we bwe yakola nga tannamuwa buyinza, akola ng'omukulembeze w'eggwanga atagoberera bya bufuzi. Emirimu gya monaala gukola gwa kukwatagana: State Evenment Eggulawo Palamente[, okutwalibwa kwa kwa Kabaka. (yawandiikibwa gavumenti), n'okukiikirira eggwanga ku ku kukyala oba kukungubaga mu kiseera eky'okukungubaga mu ggwanga oba eky'okujaganya.

Ekiragiro [[[NT:0] Grant [empandika] (emagoba agasinga obungi agava ku b'engule ey'ebifo) kwe kukozesa emirimu gya konfissi, enkola egendererwa okuggya katonda w'obufumbo mu nnukuta ebeere nga yeesigama ku Ssente ezigibaddeko. Obuwagizi bwa gavumenti bukyewaliriza obwa bannaabwo nga businziira ku bannaabwo obwa bulijjo. Ekiragiro kino kiwandikiro kya businziira ku bannaa mawulire ne ku bantu batono abangi abangi abangi abava mu kika kya magye.

Olugero: Eky’Obusika Bwaffe Kyava mu Bulombolombo Obukyamu

Ebyafaayo ebikwata ku mateeka ga gavumenti ya Bungereza byatandika bunyoomi. Ekkubo eryo lisimbye amakanda okuva ku ttwale ery'enkomeredde, Katonda n'ateekawo obuyinza ne liba lya kyuma. Bakabaka tebaamala gawanguza buyinza bwalyo; mpolampola baava ku bintu, kampati, n'enkyukakyuka mu nkola z'amateeka mu kiseera kya Palamenti. Ekisigadde nga kiriko enzigiro ya maanyi nnyo: Omutwe gwa gavumenti tegulina buyinza bwa ddala, kyokka nga gulina ky'obwetaafuga gavumenti ya Bungereza.

Amateeka ga Bungereza tegannaba kuwandiikibwa, naye omulimu gw’Engule gweyoleka bulungi okusinga ne bwe kyali kibadde: okufuga, so si okufuga.