Mu bitongole bya demokulase ebya kaweefube, obutategeeragana obuliwo wakati w'obutebenkevu n'eddembe ly'abantu kinnoomu buli kimu ku bintu ebikyasinze okuleetawo okukaayana. Gavumenti zisalawo buli lunaku okusobozesa abantu okufuna obukuumi oba eddembe erya nnamaddala. Emirundi egisinga zikwata ku bantu. Kamera eziri ku nguudo n'enkuudo z'oludda lw'oluguudo, ekibuuzo kisigalawo: Ddeedeedeedenti gye tuli okugula ekisuubizo kino? Ekitundu kino kinnyonnyola emisingi egy'ebyafaayo, ebizingirwamu, ebigerekeberezebwa eby'omu biseera eby'omu maaso, n'ebyo ebijja mu biseera eby'omu maaso ebikwata ku ku kugookago, n'okunoonyereza okw'eby'omu nsi.

Ebyafaayo

Okuyomba wakati w'obutebenkevu n'eddembe abantu kinnoomu kwava dda nga n'eky'omulembe ogwasooka. Ekitundu ekyasooka bwe kyayogera ku bulumbaganyi bwa Magna Carta (1215), era ne ku ntegeka za bantu, okusengeka kw'ebyafaayo kungi nnyo era kukwata ku nsonga ezikwata ku ddembe, era nga kukwata ku nsonga za bulijjo kukwata ku nsonga z'amateeka. Mu tteeka lya Rooma mu kusooka, mubaamu etteeka lya Rooma erifuga enfuga enfuga mu kiseera eky'entalo ez'omu Bufalansa, likulembera okusiba abavuzi mu lupapula lw'amasanziko n'amadumu n'enkola y'eggwanga. Abafuzi baayimirimu baayigirizza ebwe mu ngeri eyo mu ngeri esobozesa bannalunzigeri mu kugibwa mu ggwanga erisingako. Mu kiseera kya perseddia, nga bas Junions, nga bagezaako okulunganya enkola ya Asset perset.[3][F][3]

Ekyasa ekya 20 kyaleetawo ebyokulabirako eby'amaanyi. Okukmanya nti mu kiseera kya Ssematalo II, Abajapaani baakkirizibwa n'Etteeka ery'Abamasaza mu Bulaaya 906, baasemba abantu abasukka mu 10,000 nga basinziira ku lunyiriri olw'obw'omukaawuka. Emyaka nga kkumi oluvannyuma, gavumenti ya U.S. yeetonda era ne yeewala okusoosa, okukyogera nti okupima kwasibuka ku butali bwenkanya obw'amaanyi olw'obusosoze obw'ekika kya ggwanga mu kifo ky'okwetaagibwa mu mateeka. Olutalo olw'ekikaawuka, McCarthyism ne House Un-American Assembly Commesssss, byabuunika obusosoze mu linnya ly'eggwanga. Eby'eby'obufuzi ebyo biraga nti mu biseera ebiteebereberye eby'obuzibu, ne mu mitawatuko, gavumenti ziyinza okweyongera okuziganya eddembe lya buli omulala.

Ekiragiro kino kyayisawo akakwate akalala. Akabonero akaakolebwa nga bannassaayansi baawerera ddala emirundi mingi nga bayita buyinjayiti. Akabonero aka USA PARIYOTIOTTT, kaatwala amaanyi mangi ag'okulambula ebiwandiikizo, nga mw'otwalidde n'okuzuula ebiwandiko ebya bizineesi, "sneak oba staw". Eby'okubikkula ebiva ku ppeempewo nga Edward Snowden byalaga nti ab'obuyinza bano baali bakozesezza nnyo ebibamba bya bannalukalala, okukuŋŋaanya obubaka ku bukadde n'obukadde bw'abantu aba bulijjo mu Amereka. Ekikongo kino kyawula emmalako kya USA ssissic'omwaka 2015, ne kikomya obutondo obw'amasimu, naye nga kisigalamu obuzibu. Ekitebe kya Breninan kiwandikiro kya Busten, "kusoomooza kwe ku ku kukola biteeso si sipiidi enzirogoberogobeeta y'ewa ya tekkula y'entebe yaffe.".[FFB:[1]

Ebintu Ebibazibuwalidde Okulaba

Leero, okugobererwa kw'obutebenkevu n'eddembe byeyoleka mu bintu bisatu ebikulu: okulambula n'okwekweka eby'ekyama, enkola ezikwata ku by'amateeka, n'engeri z'eby'obulamu.

Ebintu Ebituli ku Nnyumba

Tekinologiya ow'enkola ey'okukyusiza mu kukuuma obutunuulizi abantu. Okumanyisa kwa bannabyabufuzi, okulambula layisensi ezikolebwa ku layisensi, okulambula obulambe, n'enkola za algo eziragibwa mu bya sayansi, kati bisobozesezza gavumenti okugatta awamu n'ebiwandikiro ebikolerwako obukolerwako, okuteeka mu buyinza obw'obwesigwa ku bantu, okukugira okutambula, obuwolango, n'emirimu ebikolebwa abo abatwalibwa okuba nga si beesigwa. Wadde nga bawakanya enkola ezo ezikolebwa mu Bulaayansi, baawumbi ate nga bagezaako okukebera ensalo z'obulambega n'obusimba.

Abawandiisi ba mbalirira bagamba nti okulambula obukodyo obuleetera obunyiikivu n'enkola za demokulase.[1] Ekitongole kya American Civil Liberetions Union (ACLU) kyawandiika ku mirundi emirundi mingi gye kiwandiiseko programu z'okulabirako ebiwandiikibwa abantu abangi, abatujjukirwa ku by'obufuzi, n'abannaddiini abatono.ACLU: Associal & Surveildance[) era, nazo zikyaliwo, zitera okweyongera okuziko, ekintu ekimanyiddwa nga "bunyimiriziganya". Okusinziira ku ekyo, abasomi b'amabaluwa agawaabikko bakozesebwa abamenyi b'ebitongole mu kunoonyereza ku by'emisango.

Ku luuyi olulala, abo abawagira enkola eno balaga nti bannalukalala basobodde okukola ebintu ebitali bimu: okuziyiza enteekateeka za bannalukalala, okuwonya abaana abawambibwa, n'okugonjoolera obunnyogovu. Bagamba nti abantu abategeevu bakkiriza kamera ezikola ku by'obukuumi mu bifo ebya lukale okusobola okuwonyaawo obubenje. Bavuga nti, okusobola okubukuuma, bagezaako okulambula obulabi n'okukulembedde. Amawanga agamu mu Bulaaya gataddewo amateeka agakwata ku bukuumi, nga mw'otwalidde ne General Data Protection Regial Regial (GDPR), agayamba abantu okufuga obubaka bwabwe n'ebiruubirirwa byabwe. Ka kibe nti enkola eno ey'okufuga ebitongole esobola okutwalibwa mu U.S.S.

Emirimu Egikwata ku Kugoberera Amateeka

Ekiragiro kino kitandika okukuba obukugu mu by'amateeka. Ekitundu ekyasooka ekyayogeddwako nga kiyimiriza-furisk ne kamera ez'omubiri; tuyinza okugaziya. Mu kibuga New York, okuyimirira n'okuyimirira mu kifo eky'okubiri n'okussaawo akawayiro-frisk byayisibwa mu 2013 oluvannyuma lw'obujulizi obwalaga nti mu Balaaya ne mu Latinx, nga buliko abantu 90% ababadde tebakwatibwa. Kyokka, ebifaananyi bye bimu byeyongera mu makubo ag'obusirise mu bitundu by'ensi yonna. Kamera, mu kusooka zikubirizibwa ng'ekyuma ekiyamba okuzza emisango, naye bivaamu ebiva mu ku kwemu okuyimba n'okukozesa amaanyi mu mawanga agatali gamu, era ne bateeka ebirowoozo ku bajulira abajulizibwe, era ne ku nsonga y'obujulizibwe, nga bagoberera enkola y'okugoba obugobenjenya, nga George Flone.

Ekibiina ekimanyiddwa nga Black Live Matter, ekyakuba obujjanjufu mu 2020 mu nsi yonna, kyalaga ekizibu eky'amaanyi: obwenkanya bwa gavumenti butwala abantu abaddugavu n'abakiikinvu ng'abateeberezebwa okuba abaddu abalungi mu kifo ky'okuba nga abantu abeetaaga obukuumi. Amasawo gaadibwa "batundiikivu" ne gawa amagezi agayinza okusobozesa okugobererwa ssente z'abalwadde b'obwongo, okuteeka mu bifo we bibeera, era ne programu ez'eby'abantu. Ebibuga ebimu, nga Austin, Texas, ne Los Angeles, byekeberezza ebibamba ebiteeyambiddwa mu ngeri ey'okwewala ennyo ebiteeyambisibwa okuko obukujjuzi. Ebivudde mu ku ku ku ku kugobeebiri, ebitongole ekitongole ekikola ku by'obwongo, nga Austin, Texas, ne Los Angelesy as by'ak'ak'ak'okussa mu nkola y'obuvuzimbe ebikozesebwa ebitongole eby'obwongo, naye nga bikola ku by'obuvuzi

Enkyukakyuka gamba ng'ebiragiro ebikkirizibwa, obukiiko obufuga abatuuze, n'okuwerebwa kw'ebitongole ebifuga enzivuunvu zagobererwa mu masaza mangi naye obuzibu busigalawo. Ekitongole ekikola ku Justice National Institute bwe kigamba, "Kizibu okukuuma nnyunge nga bwe kissa ekitiibwa mu mateeka eri abantu bonna." (NJ: Law Enforcement Trief[[FLM:1]]])

Engeri Abantu gye Bakwatamu Ebikwata ku Bulamu

Ekiragiro kino kyaleetera buli maka okubunyisa eddembe lya bantu mu kawumpuli. Buli luvannyuma lw'ekizibu kino, buli lukunkumuli lwokka okukaka abantu n'eby'enkola ez'okwekebejja obujjanjabi. Ekitundu ekyasooka kyawandiisa enkola eno ng'okwekenneenyezebwa naye nga kigwanira okuyisibwa mu ngeri ey'enjawulo. Mukawumpuli, ensi nnyingi zataddewo olukunkumuli olw'okwerinda, nga zifunye obuwanguzi. New Zealand ne South Korea byakozesa okugezesa n'okunoonyereza okusobola okukuuma obusonga obutono okutereevuukkusifu awatali kulwawo, ate nga U.S ewandikiro ogumu ogw'okukusinze tegulwawo n'ensonga ez'eby'eby'obulamu obwa bulijjo teguyinza kukolebwa mu lukiiko olukulu. Kkookko.[FF.]

Vaccine ebiwa abakola ku by'obujjanjabi, abaana b'essomero, n'abakozi ba gavumenti baasala omusango n'entalo ez'eby'obufuzi. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) baagamba nti okulagirwa kwali kwa kwetaagisa okusobola okutaasa ebisolo n'okukuuma abantu abali ku buzibu.CDC: Ebbeetaaza z'omuntu okugatta ku mubiri, okusemba, n'obuzibu obw'ebina byabyo. Enkola y'ensonga esobozesa "BARm" okukomyamya omusingi gwa musingi n'okukukugira obukusige obute. Ekiragiro kya muntu omu kukkakka butalimu okukomya obubenje. Mu mu mukolo guno, ekiwunja ekya n'okusiba ekirungo ekyo, nga kikusobozesa okukongookkula okuva mu malwa g'amalwabulwo.

Obuzibu mu by'obulamu bwa bantu era bwalaga nti waaliwo enjawukana mu ngeri ezireetebwawo enkalu n'enkola. Abakozi abali ku buseera obwa wansi baateekanga obulamu mu kabi ak'amaanyi, ate bo abakozi abali ebweru baawuddewo mu bifo eby'ewala ne bageekutulamu. Buli omu ku ddembe ery'okusigala mu maka geeyoleka ku nsonga z'eby'eby'eby'enfuna n'eddembe ly'abantu, era ne ku nsonga eno ereeteetera okuzibu okuleetawo okukaayana.

Okunoonyereza ku Case

Okunoonyereza ku nsonga ezitali zimu kulaga engeri emisingi gye gikola ku bulamu bwaffe.

Ekikolwa kya USA eky’Okukwata Omusango n’Ekyaddirira

Akabonero akaateekebwako akabonero ku mateeka nga Ogufuku, 2001, kaaleetera ab'obuyinza ba gavumenti okunoonyereza ku by'obutujju. Mu nteekateeka zayo ezikyasiimye: ekipande 215 kyaleka FBI okufuna "ekintu ekya bulijjo" ekyatuukana n'okunoonyereza ku biwandiiko bya bannalukalala, nga mw'ebiwandiiko bya biwandiiko bya fayiro, n'eby'amasimu. Ebyafaayo ku bantu bamala emyaka mingi nga bamanyi kitono ku ngeri obufuzi obwo gye bwakozesebwamu. Oluvannyuma mu 2013, Edward Snowden yawayusiza ebiwandiiko ebyawulibwawo ebyalaga nti National Security Agement (NSA) ebiwayungi ebibadde bikuŋŋaanya ebiwandiiko bya bannannyini ebizingirwa mu tterekero ly'amatabi, nga binnyonnyonnyonnyonnyolebwa mu kyama omutwe omutwe omutwe mu n'okubuvuunika mu n'okukukyusa kw'ensonga endala. KGPUSCCCCCC, oba mu kkooti y'ebitongole ebikola eby'ebyuma ebitongole eby'ebyawula eby'omugunjanja.

Enkyukakyuka mu Kkanisa n’Eby’Obupoliisi

Nga Maayi 25, 2020, George Floyd yattibwa omukungu wa poliisi mu Minneapolis eyafukama ku bulago bwe okumala eddakiika mwenda. Ekikolwa ekyo, ekyakwatibwa ku vidiyo, kyaviirako okuvuganya okw'amaanyi ennyo mu byafaayo bya Amerika, nga kiteeberezebwa nti buli omu yali awezezza akawumbimbimbirira ak'obukadde 15 okutuuka ku 26. Obutafaananako abajulizi abaasooka, olukunkuudo luno lwaleetawo enkyukakyuka mu nkola eya lwatu: olukiiko lwa Minneapolis City lwesenti okugoba ekitongole kya poliisi (singako ekipimo eky'omupitindiro kyalemererwa), era amateeka mangi gaayiikiriza okuwera emirambiddwawo, era gaatwala ekkasiro enkalu z'abakungu nga zinoonya obutongole mu by'obulyinja obwa waggulu. Amawanga Flo akikola mu ngeri ey'eby'eby'ekitongole eby'ebyetalo mu nsi yagobeeyeeya mu ngeri y'okusasula.

Etteeka ery’Okukwataganya Obufumbo n’EKIBI: Enkola za Kikolwa

Ebibiina by'ensi eby'enjawulo byakola engeri ez'enjawulo ez'okukugirwamu nnawookeera, nga bigezaako okugezesa enkola ey'enkomeredde mu ngeri ez'enjawulo mu kukyusa eddembe eribaawo. China ne gavumenti endala ez'afujjo zaakozesa obugunjufu obw'enkomeredde, okukweka obuwumbi n'okunoonya obubonero okuzikomya akawuka ako. Ebiwandikiro ebya Democraticism ng'ebitundu nga Bugirimaani ne South Korea byasobola okukolagana bulungi n'okumanyisa enkola y'obutebenkenkevu. Mu United States, enkola eyawulayawulamu yaleetawo ekiwandikiro kya gavumenti, ne kireetawo ekisoke ky'okutaago, ne kireetawo enkola y'eby'obujjanjabi. Ebiragiro ebimu bya 'Cempala'eyambisibwa mu buyinza bw'amala, nga wansi w'obuyinza obwa waggulu ku buyinza bw'obutebe bw'eby'obuyinza obwa sayansi.[1][5]

Obulagirizi obw’Ebiseera eby’Omu Maaso

Wadde ng’ebintu ebikolebwa mu ngeri eyo bisobola okuleetawo enkyukakyuka, waliwo ebintu bisatu ebikulu abantu bye beetaaga okusobola okwewala okutuukibwako akabi.

Amagezi n’Obulimi Ebiteeberezebwa

Abawagizi ba poliisi beeyongera okukozesa applications okulagula wa obumenyi bw'amateeka we bunaabeererawo oba wa gye buyinza okusobya. Abawagizi bagamba nti ebikozesebwa bino biyinza okuteeka mu ntegeka enjereere mu bintu, abawaka balabula nti bye bifaananira ddala ebyafaayo [1]opolitiki obudde obulowoozebwa okuba n'ebigendererwa. Ekiragiro Applications quentis ques ques. Ekiragiro Stockhootantis ques ques ne projects by'otact by'oteekako kak'oteekako kak'akwongera ku mateeka, naye okukaluubizibwa kw'eby'okusalawo kujja kuba nga "akabi nnyo," okw'okuteeka obujulizi mu nkola ey'okwerinda abantu. Mu United States, Act Act ekitongole ekitongole ekitongole ekikola ku by'eggwanga kiragira ekiwandikiro kya 202222, kizingirwamu enkola y'okulabira mu nkola y'okwerinda ya argo.

Obukuumi bw’Eggwanga n’Amaanyi g’Ebizibu

Post-9/11 Kino kyalaga nti enkola y'obulambe ey'enkalakkalira eyinza okusisitebwa. Ekiragiro kyasawo ekiwandikiro eky'okussawo enkola y'obudde era nga kiwadde abafuzi abaa ddo mu nkola y'emu ereetebwawo esteeka amateeka agamala emyezi oba emyaka. Egyo gyeyongerayo, wabaawo okugattika nti amaanyi agafuga obwa nnamba ez'ekika kya kakolero gazingiramu ebitundu ebyamaddala eby'enjuba okugwa, okukebera obujulizi obw'enkola, n'okuzza obutongole obuzza obutereevuzi ku by'eggwanga. Ekiragiro kya 'OVFLT' kireetera okukooola "scek'okuva ku mateeka agafuga emitindo gy'abantu okumenya amateeka agatali gamu.

Ebirowoozo by’Obulamu n’Okweteekateeka

Okuteeka ssente mu nfuna y'eby'obulamu ne `Pidease service','okwekenneenya engeri gye bayinza okukozesaamu enkola eyo, okuvumbula, n'okuvumbula n'okukola eddagala erya yirizi ku budde.'Eby'okuteeka mu kampuni mu bya bujjanjabi by'omulembezo tekinneetaagisa kuteekako buzibu ku bannabyabufuzi. Obulwadde obwo obugenda okujja bulina okugobererwa bukireetera okugattika ku buwagizi bwa kyeyagalire nga bakolagana bulungi mu kifo eky'okukaka abantu okukaka. Okugobeesa eddembe eri buli omu oba obuwagizibwa tekuli bukuumibwa kiyinza kukendeeza ku bizibu ebiriwo n'enkola ezigerekeberezebwa.

fundikira

Okukolagana wakati w'obutebenkevu n'eddembe lya bantu si kizibu okugonjoolebwa omulundi gumu, naye obuzibu obulina okugonjoolebwa. Buli mulembe gulina eby'obukugu obwa tekinologiya, obulumbaganyi obuppya, n'obukugu bwa bya bufuzi obuva ku nsalo. Ebyafaayo biraga nti okutya kuyinza okuleetera abantu okukaluubirizibwa. Demokratice ez'amaanyi tezikuuma ebbeesaawo nga ezo ezikuuma empalana, obulabirizi, obuwagiziko, n'okwemalirira okw'amaanyi ku n'enkola mu biseera eby'obuzibu. Abatuuze balina okubeera n'obukugunjufu mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo, n'abakungu babeere n'ensonga ez'ensonga ez'amaanyi. Nga bwe kyali mu kkooti enkulu eya Cookolo Louis Brencess, obukyayibwa abantu mu ngeri enneekuse, nga bategeera bulungi ensonga ennungi.