Okukkirizibwa kwa Constitution eya United States kwali ku kuleetawo okukaayana okw'amaanyi ennyo mu byafaayo bya Amerika. Wakati w'omwaka 1787 ne 1788, ebyandituuse ku ggwanga lya nascent nga ziteekeddwa mu mpawulo ng'aba Federalist ne Anti-Féderalists bawakanya obuyinza bw'eggwanga. Byali mu mpaka zino nti [[FULT:0] Papers[[FOLY]. Gavumenti eno eya 85, eyawandiikibwawo mu ngeri ey'okyayitidde ya Alexander Hamilk, James Madison, ne John Jay wansi w'ennyiikivu mu nzivumbo za Amerika, yaweereza ekifo ekinywevu eky'okulwanirira amateeka. Gavumenti yaabwe mu k'olulimi olusooka yawandikiro. Gavumenti eyo yawawawawawa omuliro mu bungi. Gavumenti yawawawawawawawawawa emirundi ebiri okusobozesa okumanyisa obuvunaanyizibwa obw'okumanyisa musingi gwemu, era ne mu by'ensonga ez'ebyapupupule mu Ame. Ethenti z'ensi endala

Ebyafaayo: Eggwanga Eriri mu Buzibu

Okusobola okutegeera obwangu obwaliwo mu kitongole kya The Federal Papers, omuntu alina okusooka okutegeera embeera embi ennyo eriwo mu Amerika wansi w'obuyinza bwa Confederation. Ebitundu ebya kampuni byagobererwa mu 1781, obwagattiddwamu obwa kampuni era ne bukolebwa ng'amawanga agateesigamizibwa ku mateeka. Gavumenti yasobola okweyimirizaawo, ne tesobola kusasula bbanja lyayo oba ssente eza amagye. Eggwanga lyakola ng'amawanga nga lizimba ensalo ezigookka ku busambattuka bw'amawanga agatali bumu era nga genyigidde obusambattukuta.

Siteesiteegi eno eyanafuwa yabulako katono okubuna olw'obuvumu Shays'obwewanyi bwa "Gyenyinyinyinyinyinyi] mu 1786, abalimi mu Massachusetts bwe baasiba kkooti nga basambajja ebbanja ez'emisolo. Gavumenti tesobola kuyingira mu nsonga, ne kyayanika obunafu bwa Kivumenti. George Washington bwe yabayuuma, ] tuli bantu abali obumu, oba tetuli ba ggwanga. Singa ebbadde tetukola nga bwe twakola. Singa ekyo, tetuddamu kukolawo nnafu mu ngeri ey'amaanyi.[Foct:3] Obujeemu obwo bwakozesebwa ng'obuwagizi mu bitundu ebikumi na bibiri ebifulumya enkani mu masaza ga Philadelphiya mu Maafiya mu 1787. Ekiragiro ekitongole ekitongole ekitongole ekiggumidde mu n'okutuuzibwamu mu n'ensonga empya kyakolebwamu mu n'ensonga empya y'ensonga empya. produment produratirdument produment pro

Ekitabo ky’Olubereberye

Obukulembeze bwa Foderal Papers tebwali bukodyo bwa kuyiga buyigiriza. Byali byakulwanyisa eby'amaanyi ebyakolebwa mu kaweefube ow'okuleetawo enkobyo. [[FL:0] Alexander Hamilton, omusigire wa New York mu Nsonga ya Convention. New York yategeera obuzibu obw'amaanyi obwali mu maaso. [FLT:] Jay[FF:3], omukulembereza ow'amaanyi awakanya Gavana George Clinton Ekiragiro. Hamilton yategeera olukalala lw'emitwe gy'ebiwandiikiina by'amawulire ebinnyonnyola era n'okulwanirira buli kitundu ekipya eky'amateeka. Yafuna ebizingirwamu bibiri: [FLD] Jay[FF:3], assibwa ekitiibwa munnamateeka era n'omu biseera eby'omu maaso eby'okufuga olukiiko olusooka olw'omu Amerika; [FFFF:], [FFFFFFF], omukulembezed K'omukyusanyunzi w'omukulembeze: [ose.[FF

Obuwandiisi n'obukuusa ebiyitibwa "Publius"

Baawandiika ebigambo ebyo ebyayongerwa ku Publius, era nga bitegeeza Publius Valerius Publiola, ekibumbe eky'enjawulo ekya Riphabliki y'e Roma. Kino kyakolebwa okutegeeza nti ekiwandikiro eky'enjawulo kyalina ekigendererwa eky'okumanyisa ekitundu eky'ekiwandikiro eky'ensonga n'okusikiriza abantu mu kibiina ky'ebyobufuzi. Hamilton yawandiika bingi ku biwandiikibwa (51), Madison ne Jay byawaayo 29, nga tannaba wa kulwala. Ebiwandiko bino byakubibwa okusingira ddala mu empapulanyanya eza New York York,[[[FLT:][2]] The Indevity Journal, [FLT], [[5], ate nga mu kifo kya mu kifo kya mu kifo kya mulala.[194][19], ekiwandike ekya waggulu, ebiva mu Nfunze mu Nfu, ebivanyunziko.[19][8][8][19][8][8]

Emisingi Egikulu: Engeri ey’Ebbulu ey’Okufugamu

Abawandiisi ba Papers tebakoma ku kulwanirira bukuumi mateeka, naye balaga obufirosoofo obw'amaanyi obukwata ku gavumenti y'ensi, abantu, era n'obuyinza.

Obumu mu nkalala n'obubonero bwonna tebulina kye bukolawo (Awandiikiddwa mu lulimi olwo) 1-14

Emboozi eziggulawo, ezaali ziwandiikiddwa Hamilton ne Jay, zaayamba eggwanga lya maanyi era eri obumu. Bagamba nti obutakkaanya bwandiviiriddeko obutategeeragana okuleetawo okukaanya wakati w'amawanga, ne kibaleka nga kyangu okufugibwa obufuzi bwa Bulaaya. Fuldarist N'o[ [ya] nga yawagidde nti projective" abantu abali obumu bava mu n'abafumbo aba bulijjo, nga boogera olulimi lwe lumu, nga bagamba nti eddiini y'emu, era nti baawula eddiini eyo tekkirizibwa mu nsi endala, era nti teri n'obusosoze. Enkyukakyuka mu [FLT:] Falteriter.[6], [5GURFO], ebibumbeko obulaga nti "bufulurku enfulkus" tebwalinamu kuzimba. Enjawukana za bulijjo, tezaawulumu n'ezo endala ezaaliwo.

Okuyamba Abaana Okutegeera Obulungi Katonda, Na.

[[FOLT:0] Enkola eya 'FOLD' Na., yawandiikibwa James Madison, etwalibwa okuba ejjinja ery'omuwendo erya kapaupu za Federalist Papers. Mu yo, Madison yayolekagana butereevu n'okugaana kwa maanyi okwa Anti-Federalist: nti lukalala lwa gavumenti luyinza okwefuga lutya okusobola okubufuga. Yatandika n'okumanyisa obulwadde obwa bulijjo obwa gavumenti, nga "buzibu'''." Yannyonnyola ekika kya "abagattiddwako abamu ku kikolwa eky'okwegomba oba eky'ebbeegwagwagwa, oba eky'okwegwagwa mu nsonga, nga tekisobola kwefuga bokka."

Ekitongole ekikolera ku buwaŋŋangusi obwa bangi kyali kifuula abantu abatono ennyo n'abalina obukulembe. Madison yagamba nti eddagala lino lyali kkooti nnene okusinga endwadde. Wabula, yateekawo ekiteeso eky'okumanyibwa mu Amerika, ekiweerwamu ekitundu ekinene ekiwandiikiddwamu abantu abangi abatuguddwa. mu kitundu ekinene, nga kulinga ebigendererwa bya bannaakyewa, tewali kibiina kya bantu bangi, era nga tewaliiwo na kimu kye kisobola kufuga. Mu butonde, buli omu kusobola kukebera buwagizi ate ne yeewalana okuba n'ekikusobozesa okumenya amateeka agasinga obungi okubuna. [[FLL:] nga bwe kiwandiikiddwa mu gavumenti enjvumbo, era nga otwalamu ebikaluunyinyi n'ebiti ebisingako; okireetera omuwendo kino okuba nga kiyinza okubuumira ku nsonga endala mu nsi yonna. [FFokkkko:]

Obwawule bw'Empaka n'Ebitundu eby'Eddembe (Obwo bukakafu n'obunene bw'ebigambo ebiragiddwa mu Lungereza.)

Oboolyawo, enkola esingayo obulungi eya koppi, Federal list Na. 47 okutuuka ku 51, yalaga ennyimba za gavumenti empya. Madison yategeera omusingi ogwalagibwa Montesquieu(okuva ku nkola ya gavumenti, okukulira eby'obukabaka n'okusala emisango gulina okwawulibwawo okusobola okuziyiza okunyigiriza abantu. Kyokka, yakiwawawaayiriza nti okwawukana ku butaka, nga n'ebisenge ebiri wakati w'amatabi tebirina mugaso era nga bya kabi. Mu kifo kya ekyo, Madison yakola enkola eya " ekipimo ekikolebwa mu mpandikaafugezo"

Mu [[NKULA:0] Fateralist No. 51, Madison yayogera ku kwetongoza na kukendeeza ku bipimo. Yawandiika nti, " enkumbo ziteekwa okukolebwa okubuutikira ettuttula. Ebiruubirirwa by'omuntu biteekwa okuba nga bikwatagana n'obusobozi obwa ssemateeka mu kifo. Akakwakkero kano kalina okuwa ettabi buli ttabi eby'okwasobola okuziyiza abalala. Pulezidenti yasobola okuteekawo amateeka agafuga abantu.

39, 45)

Abaziyiza 'Anti FULT' baagamba nti, Ekiragiro kyatandikawo gavumenti y'eggwanga eyayawulirizibwa eyandisaze ensi. Madison yaddamu ekiragiro kino mu [[FL:0] Fateralist N'.[ era ne [[FLT:]] 45. era ne].[[FULT:2]] N'.[[[FOLT:]] [[FULT]], [[FULT]], [[[F]], [[5]], [era], nga gavumenti y'egamba nti gavumenti empya teri mu ggwanga oba mu ggwanga lyonna, naye eririna ek'obuyinza obugazize, so ng'eyinza okuteekawo amatwalimu, ate ng'ebyo ebiva mu ggwanga lino ne mu ggwanga ne mu kyeyawumbiddwamu.[7] Ensi eyo y'ekkirizamu n'egamba nti: [FF] era n'ebamu n'egamba nti: [Ekyusaze]

Enteekateeka y'Abakulembeze mu kibiina No. 67-77

Gavumenti y'enyini za gavumenti zaaleetera abafuzi abalwanyi abanti-Federalist okweraliikirira ennyo, abaatya nti bandifuuse bakabaka abalondeddwa. Hamilton ye yakulembera okulwanirira obwa dekanariyo. Federalist No. 70, yawaayiriza nnyo mu kulonda obwannannyini obwa dayirekita"[ ng'ekintu ekikulu mu kulwanirira gavumenti ennungi. Energy, yakireetera, okuteesa, okusindika, n'okukwekereza mu biseera eby'akabenje. Kino kyali kyetaagisa omu ku bannaawe, mu kifo eky'okulaawuliziganya ebinene, ne mu bya magye.

Hamilton era yawagira Electoral College ng'eno engeri y'okulongoosaamu ekitongole. Yayogera nti "Erinnya ly'abantu" lyandifugiddwa ku kakiiko k'abalonda "nga basobola okwekenneenya engeri ezikwatagana ne siteegi eyo". Ebiwandiiko ebikwata ku bukulembeze era byazingiramu n'okukuuma obusosoze mu kulonda omukulembeze, omulimu gwe nga Omuduumizi wa gavumenti n'obuyigirize obwa kkulu, Hamilton bye yannyonnyola nga "nquest" ebiyinza okukikuuma muteesiteesi kya gavumenti mu kukozesa bubi bannakyewa.

Olupapula olufuga enkyusa ya kompyuta (Federator Na. 78-83)

Mu Federalist N', Hamilton yawa obukwakulizi obw'amaanyi ennyo obw'okwefuga mu ndowooza z'aba Amereka ez'ebyobufuzi. Yagamba nti ettabi lyali lya kabi eri 'bulimu obulabe' kubanga teryalina maanyi wadde ekitala. Okusobola okusasulira obunafu bwalyo, obusawo bw'amateeka bwali bwetaagisa obutebenkevu n'okwemalirira. Kino kyali kyetaagisa abalamuzi okuwanirira ebifo byabwe mu kiseera eky' "empisa ennungi" era n'okusasula kwabwe tekuyinza kukendeezebwa.

Hamilton yeeyongera okunnyonnyola enjigiriza ya ey'empandiika. Yayogera nti Constitution yali "tteeka ery'enkomeredde" era nti ekikolwa kyonna eky'amateeka ekikontana n'amateeka ga ssemateeka tekiriiko. Yagwa mu kkooti ng'omulamuzi atasosola mu mateeka, okuwaniriranga ekikigendererwa ky'amateeka. Hamilton, okusobola okukakasiza ku nsonga.[FLT:] Yawandiisa mu ngeri ey'enjawulo, [[FLT]] Kino kyawanjula amateeka mu ngeri ey'enjawulo. Ekiragiro ekyo kye kyawanjula amateeka mu kkooti. Tekikola nga tekiriiko kasookolo, ate nga abalamuzi balina okukitwala ng'amateeka. Nkukakasa amakulu gaago.[FFFON][5]

Ekikwata ku Kubuusabuusa okw’Amangu

Ku bikwata ku kulonda, okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsonga z'omulembe guno, kwatandika okubuusibwabuusibwa mu byafaayo. Mu New York, emboozi ezo zasomebwa nnyo era ne zikubaganyizibwako ebirowoozo mu mawulire. Wadde olukuŋŋaana lwa gavumenti mu kusooka lwalina ebiwandiiko ebiwakanya ennyo eky'embera, okuwakana kwa "Publias" okuyamba Hamilton okufuula endowooza y'obukugukugu mu lukuŋŋaana lwa New York, nga zigattiddwa awamu n'ebiwandiiko byonna, ebyayamba okuwanirira obululu obutono 300,00027 obuwagira obwa raveriation. Mu Virginia, enkambi za Macaudies mu gavumenti, zaawudis eza gavumenti . Era zaayungibwawo ku nsonga ze ezikontana ne ku ddembe ly'olekawo olusooka. Era k'ensonga eyo yayamba okujjuza enzigere ku k'ewandikiro Bill Bill Bill, era ne ku nsonga endala endala ezitali nkulu. Mukiikibwa mu kiromeetaaa, ekyay-Frookirviding, ekyay'omu Afrika.

Obusika obw’Olubeerera: Obwenkanya Obw’Olukumi

Amakulu ga Bukiiko Obukulu gagobereddwa si mu ngeri gye bukolamu obwakayita obwangu kyokka naye era n'ab'obuyinza obuwangaala ng'okunnyonnyola ku mateeka. Kkooti Ennene yabatwala ng'ensibuko entuufu "obugendererwa obw'olubereberye" oba "amakulu ga bantu" mu Mateeka. Gawandikiddwa mu misango 500 egy'enjawulo nga [[FOLD:0] MCULLOch v. Maryland[[[FLY:1] [1819], kwe kyesigamye ku nnyinyonnyonnyola y'amaanyi amatuufu mu bufulumeetwaze mu bufulumente. Nkuka 33. era ne Nku. [NKUMBO] [FLDY:] [FLT] [FLT] [FFOLT] [2] [1], (1181], olwo olukyayinja ku nsonga eno enkulu, Yokaana, gye baawuna nga baawuna ku nsonga enkulu ennyo.

Ebbaluwa ezo zikyali nkulu nnyo eri abayizi b'amateeka, eby'obufuzi, era n'ebya byafaayo. Enkaayana mu Federalist No. 10 ne Nku. 51 ze zikozesebwa nnyo mu Amerika mu kugatta ab'obuyinza. Okulwanirira amaanyi ga bannakyewa mu Federalist Na. 70 zeeyongera okugobera enkaayana ku maanyi ga prezidenti. Ebibuuzo ebikwata ku ku division listrist No. 78 bikyali bikulu nnyo mu kunnyonnyola kiwandiiko kya Amereka. Federalist Paper si bintu bya byafaayo byokka; bye biwandikiro bya bulijjo mu bulombolombo bwa Amereka. Okubisoma ku mpaka ezisinga obukulu ku maanyi ga prezidenka, eddembe, era n'ekiragiro ekinnyonnyola ekiwandiiko kya Amerika.

fundikira

Abawandiisi ba Federalist Papers baatuukiriza omulimu gwabwe omukulu: baayamba okusendasenda eggwanga eryali libuusabuusa okubeera n'Amateeka amanywevu era agali obumu. Naye omulimu gwabwe ogw'okuzimba gavumenti ya Amerika gusukka ddala ku ntalo ez'ekika kya bbulu. Abawandiisi bano: Hamilton, Madison, ne Jay . Baateekawo enjigiriza enfumo y'amaanyi eri mu gavumenti egoberera ebiwandiiko bya gavumenti. Baayoleka nti, ekika ekinene, eky'enjawulo, kiyinza okuba ekinywevu singa kitegekebwa bulungi. Baateekawo ekizimbe eky'obukugukugufu mu nkola y'ebyempandika, ebitegekebwawula, ebiwanduusibwa ebinywevu, era n'ebitongole ebinywevu. Omuntu yenna ayagala okutegeera obulungi amakulu, n'enkola ya Amerekawo, era n'obugunjufu mu kukkakkakka wansi w'ebweru, yaakula eddawo olufuluma.