Kumvetsa malamulo a msonkho n’kofunika poyang'anira ndalama za munthuwe, kutsatira malamulo, ndi kupanga zosankha zokhudza chuma cha nthaŵi yaitali. Misonkho imathandizira ntchito zotsutsa boma monga za maziko, maphunziro, zosamalira zaumoyo, chitetezo cha dziko, ndi ukonde wa anthu. Komabe anthu ambiri amaona malamulo a msonkho kukhala osokoneza, makamaka pamene malamulo akungosintha.

Mitundu ya Misonkho ndi Mmene Ikukukhudzirani

Kumvetsa mfundo zimenezi kungakuthandizeni kudziwa kuti mungathe kukwanitsa kuchita zinthu zina.

Msonkho

Msonkho wa malipiro amaperekedwa pa malipiro a malipiro, malipiro, mabizinesi, ndi mapindu a malonda. Msonkho wa malipiro a boma umagwiritsira ntchito dongosolo lomawonjezereka la mlingo, kutanthauza kuti ndalama zopezedwa zimakhomedwa pamalipiro apamwamba. Maboma angakhomenso msonkho wa ndalama zawo, limodzi ndi ena kugwiritsira ntchito ndalama zotsala ndi njira yoyendera. Maboma asanu ndi aŵiri – Alaska, Florida, Nevada, South Dakota, Telessene, Texas, ndi Wyoming – alibe msonkho wa boma, ngakhale kuti misonkho yakumaloko yakumaloko yakumaloko ingakhale ikugwira ntchito.

Agulitsa Msonkho

Makampani a msonkho wogulitsidwa ndi operekedwa pa malonda a katundu ndi ntchito zina. Masikisi amasiyanasiyana ndi boma ndi malo, kuyambira pa 0% m’maboma monga Delaware ndi New Hampshire mpaka 10% m’mizinda ina. Nthaŵi zambiri kulipira kumagula, mankhwala operekedwa, ndi zinthu zofunika. Ogula angagulitsidwenso msonkho pambuyo pa [FL:0] South Dakotalv v. Wayfair . Chigamulo cha Supreme Court.

Msonkho wa Malo

Msonkho wa katundu amaperekedwa pa malo ndi zinthu zina zaumwini (m’njira ya magetsi, magalimoto kapena ziwiya zamalonda). Msonkho umenewu makamaka umayendera mtengo wa masukulu akwanuko, madipatimenti a moto, malaibulale, ndi kukonza misewu. Magalamu ambiri amasinthasinthasinthana, ndipo akuluakulu a boma amalandirira akuluakulu, akapita kuntchito, kapena malo omanga nyumba zikuluzikulu (osalembetsa ku boma).

Likulu Lipeza Msonkho

Phindu logulitsa chuma monga masitolo, mabotolo, malo, kapena zosonkhanitsa ndizo kulipira msonkho. Zotsatirapo za kanthaŵi kochepa (zomwe zisungidwa pasanathe chaka chimodzi) zimapatsidwa msonkho pa ndalama zimene anthu ambiri amapeza. Zomwe apeza pa nthawi yaitali (zomwe zimagwira ntchito pa chaka chimodzi) zimasangalala ndi ndalama zapamwamba za 0%, 15%, kapena 20%, malinga ndi ndalama zimene mumalandira. [Net Investicement Invoragement Infit (NITI) ya 3.8%

Msonkho wa Malamulo

Makampani amakhoma misonkho pa phindu lawo. Msonkho wa bungwe la boma ndi wophwanyika 21% pambuyo pa Lamulo la Tsima ndi Ntchito za 2017. Komabe, mabizinesi ambiri ang'onoang'ono amapangidwa monga makampani S, LLC, kapena mayanjano, kumene ndalama zimapitira kwa eni msonkho wa eni ake ndipo amakhomedwa pamlingo wa munthu aliyense payekha.

Kudzipatsa Msonkho

Anthu olembedwa ntchito ayenera kulipira antchito ndi abwana awo mbali za msonkho wa Social Security ndi Medicara, ndalama zimene amapeza pa khofi zokwana 15.3% pa ndalama zimene amapeza ku kampani ya Social Security . Zimenezi zikuphatikizapo msonkho wa ndalama zimene amapeza. Makampani amalandira theka la msonkho wa ntchito zimene munthu amalipira yekha.

Kuzindikira Mabungwe a Msonkho ndi Mapindu

Okhometsa msonkho ambiri amalephera kuzindikira mmene mageti a msonkho amagwirira ntchito. Kukhala m'mabriketi 22% sikumatanthauza kuti ndalama zonse za msonkho pa 22%. M’malo mwake, mbali zina za ndalama za malipiro zimakhomedwa pamiyeso yotsika kufikira pa drake. Ndalama za msonkho zogawidwa ndi ndalama zimene zimagawidwa ndi ndalama zonse , kaŵirikaŵiri n’zotsika kwambiri kuposa ndalama zonse. Mwachitsanzo, kampani imodzi yokhala ndi $600,000 mu 2025 ikhoza kulipira ndalama za msonkho. [[FLT:] 10% pa $1, 12% pa $5,5,5, ndi 22% pa ndalama zotsatirazokha $7,1. Kumvetsetsa zimenezi kumaletsa $2,50.

Kukhoma Misonkho: Njira Yotsatira Payokha

Kulemba zinthu mwadongosolo kumathandiza kuti pasakhale kuchedwa kuwerenga, kapena kulanga.

Sitepe 1: Sonkhanitsani Mabuku Onse Ofunika

Sunganinso mapepala a ndalama zopezedwa monga W-2s (kuchokera kwa olemba ntchito), 1099-NEC (kuchokera kwa ogula), 1099-INTS (chiwongola dzanja), 1099-div (madiresi), ndi mafaelo a ndalama zina. Mukafuna ndalama zolipidwa: chiwongola dzanja cha ngongole ya nyumba: 1098, mafashoni a msonkho wa katundu, ndalama zothandizira kugula mankhwala, ndi maphunziro zimawonongetsa (1098-TT). Ngati mutayerekezera ndalama za msonkho, sungani mabolo.

Sitepe 2: Sankhani Njira Yokopa

  • Fayi yosafuna (IRS): Imapezeka kwa okhoma msonkho ndi ndalama zosinthanitsidwa pansi pa $73,000 (2025). Mapulogalamu a pulogalamu ya msonkho ogwirizana akupereka kukonzekera popanda kulipira.
  • [[NT.0] Programu ya misonkho: Programu zonga TurboTax, H&R Block, ndi TCSlayer zili ndi milongo yaulere ndi yolipiridwa kaamba ka zocholoŵa zosiyanasiyana.
  • Khungu wa misonkho yantchito: [ CPAS, olembetsa, ndi maloya a msonkho ali oyenerera kaamba ka zobwezera zovuta zophatikizapo mabizinesi ambiri, zoikizira ndalama, kapena nkhani za mitundu yonse.
  • Mapepala a papepala: Adakalandiridwa koma pang'onopang'ono ndi cholakwika. Ifeyo imavomerezedwa ngati yabwerera mwamsanga ndi kutsimikizira.

Mfundo 3: Malizitsani Kupereka Msonkho

Gwirikizani ndalama zimene mumalandira ndi ndalama zimene mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito 1040. Ngati muli ndi ndalama zochepa, 1040-SR ilipo kwa achikulire. Limbani ndalama zonse, funani ndalama zokwezedwa ndi ngongole, ndiponso ŵerengerani msonkho. Kawiri cheke kuti manambala a Kayendedwe ka anthu ndi tsatanetsatane wa ndalama zosungidwa mwachindunji n’zolondola.

Sitepe 4: Ganizirani ndi Kugonjera

Pezani masamu, kusatsatsa zikalata, ndi ndandanda zosiyidwa. Ifa ya E- project yomwe ili ndi ndalama zosungidwa imatsimikizira kuti redund yachangu kwambiri – kaŵirikaŵiri m'masiku 21. Ngati muli ndi ngongole, lipireni ndi deti kuti mupeŵe chilango ndi chiwongola dzanja.

Kupeta

  • [[MFUNDO:0] Yapanthaŵi ya msonkho wa munthu aliyense: April 15 (ngati ikhale yoloŵa pa mlungu kapena holide, ndiyeno tsiku lotsatira la bizinesi).
  • Mapindu: Fact 4868 [Kufutukulidwa kwa mwezi umodzi mpaka October 15. Komabe, zimenezi zimangowonjezera nthaŵi yoikizira, osati nthaŵi yolipirira. Msonkho uliwonse wotsala uyenera kuperekedwa pofika April 15 kuti upeŵe chiwongola dzanja ndi chilango cha kuchedwa.
  • Kuikizidwa kwa malipiro a msonkho: Okwanira pa kamodzi (April 15, June 15, September 15, ndi January 15 wa chaka chotsatira) kwa awo amene ali ndi ndalama zambiri zosakhala zapanthaŵiyo.
  • Maliketi a msonkho a m'dziko: Maboma ambiri amagwirizanitsa ndi nthaŵi yaudindo wa boma, koma ena ali ndi masiku kapena mafutukulo osiyanasiyana. Onetsetsani webusaiti ya boma yanu.

Zikalata za Msonkho ndi Zipatala: Kuchepetsa Ubwino Wanu

Zida ziwiri zamphamvu kwambiri zingakuthandizeni kuchepetsa ndalama zimene mumalipira msonkho: Ndalama zimene mumalipira msonkho, pamene ngongole zimachepetsa ndalama zimene mumafunikira kupereka pa ndalama za msonkho.

Zikole za Msonkho

  • Desiki yosayenerera: kwa 2025, mtengo wapamwamba ngwa $5,000 kwa mafaelo amodzi, $22,500 ya mitu ya nyumba, ndi $300,000 kwa okwatirana osunga pamodzi. Opereka okhoma msonkho ambiri amatenga zimenezi ngati aposa ndalama zimene anaziika.
  • Ndalama zotayidwa: Phatikizanipo chiwongola dzanja cha nyumba (pa ngongole yoyamba $7500,000), misonkho ya boma ndi ya kumaloko (yoperekedwa pa $100,000), zopereka zaufulu, zowonongedwa za mankhwala zoposa 7.5% ya AGI, ndi kutayikiridwa kwa zowonongeka m'madera olengezedwa ndi boma.
  • Kuposa pa mlingo wa layini: Ngakhale ngati simunandandalika, mungachotse zopereka ku ma IRA, Maakaunti a Zaumoyo (HS SES), chiwongola dzanja cha ophunzira (kufikira $2,500), ndi zowonongedwa za mphunzitsi (kufikira $300).
  • Ndalama zowonongedwa m'makampani: Anthu olembedwa ntchito zaumwini angachotse ndalama zamalonda wamba ndi zofunika zonga ngati ofesi ya panyumba, zopereka, ulendo, ndi ndalama za inshuwalansi ya zaumoyo.

Mlandu Wamsonkho

  • Ufulu wa Ndalama Zopezedwa (ETC): Thandizo lokwanira kwa antchito otsika kwa ogwira ntchito okhoza kupata moyenerera. Chiwongole chachikulu mu 2025 ndi $7,830 kwa mabanja okhala ndi ana atatu kapena kuposa. Musanyalanyaze zimenezi ngakhale ngati mupeza pansi pa pepala la pepala.
  • Throughs ya Anal Thost (CTC): Kufikira $2,000 pa mlingo wa kuyenerera mwana wosafika zaka 17, ndi $1,700 yobwezedwa (2025). Ma Phaseout amayamba pa $200,000 ya mabanja).
  • American Opportunity Trough Trough Creat C [AOTC] : Kufikira $2,500 pa wophunzira mmodzi pa zaka zinayi zoyambirira za maphunziro a sekondale. 40% njokhoza kubwezedwa.
  • Indalama ya Kuphunzira (LLC): Kufikira $2,000 pa kubwerera kulikonse pa mlingo uliwonse wa maphunziro a sekondale. Osatayika koma palibe malire a zaka.
  • Mwana ndi Chennick Creetive: Kufikira $3,000 kwa munthu woyeneretsedwa kapena $6,000 kwa aŵiri kapena kuposapo, kukwaniritsa zowonongedwa za chisamaliro pamene mukugwira ntchito.
  • Credit Credits (Credit’s Tree): [Kupatula:] kwa ndalama zotsika ndi zosakwanira za okhoma msonkho amene amapereka ku maakaunti a kupuma pantchito. Kuli ndi 50% ya zopereka (zoikidwa pa $2,000 pa umbeta, $4,000 pa ukwati wogwirizana).

Zimene Muyenera Kusankha

Muyenera kulemba ngati ndalama zimene mukufuna kugula zikupitirira ndalama zimene mukuyenera kulipira. Komabe, ganiziraninso kuti ndalama zina zimene mumachepetsa ndizo pansi (m’chitsanzo, ndalama zowonongedwa ndi mankhwala) (SALT). Gwiritsani ntchito pulogalamu ya msonkho kapena katswiri kuyerekezera zonse ziŵiri. Kwa eni nyumba ambiri ndi nyumba ndi misonkho yapamwamba ya boma, kuwonjezerabe ndalama zimene amafunikira ngakhale kuti ndi kapu ya SALT.

Zolakwa za Msonkho Zofala ndi Mmene Mungazipeŵere

Ngakhale zolakwa zazing’ono zingachedwetse ndalama zobwezeredwa kapena kupangitsa munthu kuiwalako.

  • Mkhalidwe wolungamitsa: Sankhani mwanzeru. Mwachitsanzo, mutu wa banja umapereka ndalama zoikidwiratu zoposa wosakwatira, koma muyenera kukwaniritsa ziyeneretso zakutizakuti (opanda lamulo, kulipira zoposa theka la mtengo wa kusungira nyumba munthu woyeneretsedwa).
  • [[MLT:0] Ndalama zopezedwa: [[FT:1] IRS imalandira makope a W-2 ndi 1099 . Ngati muiŵala kusimba, IRS ingatumize pepala la msonkho ndi kupendanso msonkho wowonjezera wophatikizapo zilango.
  • Zolakwika: [[FLT :1] Kuwonjezera kapena kuchotsa zolakwika. Gwiritsirani ntchito sewero la msonkho kapena tcheni yawiri pamanja.
  • Kusaina kapena kusagwirizana kolakwika: Okwatirana onse ayenera kusainanso kugwirizana. Kujambula kumafuna ndalama zosinthidwa zaka zapambuyopo (AGI) kuti zikhale chisainizo chanu chamagetsi.
  • Kuiŵala kukonza boma kubwerera: Ngati mupeza ndalama m'maiko ambiri, mungafunikire kulemba m'mafaelo osakhala woimira kapena chigawo cha chaka. Kulephera kuchita zimenezo kungatulutse zilango za boma.
  • Osati mangawa amene mumayenerera: Ochuluka okhometsa msonkho amaphonya EITC, Saver’s Cree, kapena ngongole za maphunziro chifukwa chakuti amaganiza kuti iwo sayeneretsedwa. Nthaŵi zonse pendani kuti n’zotheka.
  • Kuchedwa popanda kufutukula kapena kubwezera mochedwa: Zilango zapanthaŵi yake nzapamwamba kuposa chilango chapanthaŵi yochedwa. Choloŵa ngakhale ngati simungakhoze kulipira – IRS ikulonjeza zopereka.

Kupereka Msonkho Kwakhala Kukuperekedwa Chaka Chonse

Kukonzekera kungachepetse msonkho wanu ndipo kungakuthandizeni kupeza ndalama zambiri.

  • Zopereka zowonjezera za kupuma pantchito: Zopereka za 401(k), ma IRA, ndi HS Kuchepetsa ndalama zopitira msonkho. Mu 2025, 401(k) mumakhala $2,500 ($3,000) ya zaka 50+, IRA ndi $$2,000 ($8,000) +, ndi HSA ndi $4,300 kwa mabanja).
  • Kutaikiridwa kwa msonkho: Kugulitsa motsitsa ndalama zoikizira ndalama zopezedwa ndi ndalama, kuchepetsa msonkho wanu. Mungawononge ndalama za malikulu okwana $3,000 ndi ndalama wamba chaka chilichonse.
  • Zopereka zothandizira anthu: Mmalo mwa kupereka ndalama zochepa chaka chilichonse, lingalirani za ndalama zoperekera ndalama zofulumizitsa ndalama m'chaka chimodzi, ndiyeno kugawira ku ma ma perOffice kwa nthaŵi yaitali.
  • Kuzemba: Kambani W-4 kwa abwana anu ngati mupeza farend yaikulu (imene kwenikweni ndi ngongole yaulere ku boma) kapena mangawa a kulipirira kwambiri panthaŵi ya msonkho.
  • Ganizirani za nthaŵi ya malipiro ndi zochepetsedwa: Ngati muyembekezera kukhala m'gulu lapansi chaka chamaŵa, ndalama zochedwa (m., kuchedwa kwa invoice). Ngati muyembekezera wildrig, fulumizani ndalama kuloŵa m'chaka chamakono.
  • Gwiritsirani ntchito A Health Savings Aakhawunti (HSA): Msonkho wopereka ndalama zopitira: zopereka n’zopereŵera, kukula n’kwaulere, ndipo zobweza zofunikira pa ndalama za mankhwala n’zamsonkho.

Boma ndi Misonkho ya M’dzikolo: Mfundo Zofunika Kwambiri

Kuwonjezera pa misonkho ya boma, boma lanu ndi malo amene mukukhala angakhale ndi udindo waukulu wopereka msonkho.

  • msonkho wa malipiro adziko: maiko asanu ndi anayi alibe msonkho wa ndalama; ena ali ndi ziŵerengero zoyambira pa 2% kufikira 13% (California). Mizinda ina yonga New York City imakakamizanso misonkho ya ndalama za kumaloko.
  • msonkho: Ngakhale m'maboma opanda msonkho wa ndalama, msonkho wa malonda ungakhale wokwera. Msonkho wa malonda wa kumaloko ungawonjezere 2-4% pa ziŵerengero za boma.
  • Msonkho wosintha: Mwezi imasiyana kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, misonkho ya katundu pa nyumba youlutsidwa ndi manyuzipepala ingapose $10,000 ku Alabama koma yoposa $7,000 mu New Jersey.
  • Gwiritsirani ntchito msonkho: Mayiko ambiri amafuna kuti anthu azikhala m’dzikolo apereke msonkho pa zogula za boma ngati simunasonkhezeredwe.

Mayiko ena amalolera kulipira anthu amene apuma pantchito chifukwa salipira ndalama za penshoni kapena posalipira ndalama zolipirira anthu ovutika.

Mabuku Othandiza Popereka Msonkho

N’zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri popanga msonkho.

Kukhalabe Wodziŵa: Mmene Malamulo a Msonkho Amasinthira

Malamulo a msonkho sakhazikika. Lamulo la Tsima ndi Loti ndi Zopereka za 2017 linachita masinthidwe aakulu amene atsala pambuyo pa 2025. Mwachitsanzo, kuchepetsa ndi kutsika kwa mlingo wa munthu aliyense kumakonzedwa kuti kubwezeretsedwe ku mlingo wa 2018 pokhapo ngati Nyumba ya Malamulo ichita. Makonzedwe ena onga ngati chipewa cha SALP ndi kuwonjezera msonkho wa ana angasinthe. Zikalata za mbiri [[FLT: 0] zotulutsidwa [ kapena zodalirika magwero a za za za za zandalamalitsiri. Pitani ku makampani a zapamwamba kapena akatswiri a za msonkho. Nthaŵi zonse kupenda ndi kubwezeredwa ndi kuŵerengedwa kwa msonkho kwa ana chaka chilichonse kuti mupeŵe zodabwitsa.

Mwa kukulitsa chidziŵitso cholimba cha dongosolo la misonkho, mungachepetse kupsinjika maganizo, kupeŵa zilango, ndi kugwiritsira ntchito mwaŵi wonse wa kusunga ndalama zanu zolimba. Gwiritsirani ntchito zinthu zimene ziri pamwambapo kupitiriza kuphunzira, ndi kulingalira za kufunsira kwa katswiri kaamba ka uphungu woyenererana ndi mkhalidwe wanu.