Chiyambi: Kusintha Demokalase pa Magetsi

Mapulogalamu a za makampani opanga makompyuta asintha kwambiri mmene nzika zimakhalira ndi nkhani zandale, oyembekezera, ndi amodzi. M’zaka makumi aŵiri zapitazo, mapulatifomu monga Facebook, Twitter (tsopano X), Instagram, YouTube, ndi Tik Tok asintha kuchokera ku malo ochezera a pa Intaneti kukhala malo apakati a nkhani zapoyera. Masiku ano, anthu miyandamiyanda padziko lonse amadalira pa manyuzi a zachikhalidwe cha anthu kuti athe kufalitsa nkhani, kufotokoza malingaliro andale, ndi kusonkhanitsa zinthu. Kusintha kumeneku kumapereka matanthauzo atsopano a democracycy, poyambitsa nthaŵi yomweyo mapulogalamu a anthu. Kumvetsa mmene ziyambukiro ziŵiri za manyuzipepala ndi manyuzipepala nkofunika kwa opanga malamulo, aphunzitsi, ndi nzika zimene zimafuna kulimbikitsa mademocracycy.

Unansi pakati pa manyuzi a wailesi ndi olankhula ndi demokrase suli wolunjika. Pambali ina, maprikiti ameneŵa amachepetsa zopinga kuloŵa m'nkhani zandale, kutheketsa mawu otsika kufikira anthu padziko lonse. Kumbali ina, kupeputsa kwawo malamulo, kulephera kusamala, ndi kusazindikira kuyendetsa bwino zinthu, ndi kulephera kuchititsa kuti anthu azikhulupirirana, kuwonjezera magetsi, ndi kufalitsa mabodza ovulaza. Nkhaniyi imapenda mipata ndi maupandu a makompyuta a democracyal a kulamulira, kugwiritsa ntchito kufufuza kochitidwa posachedwapa, kufufuza kochitidwa ndi kupenda. Mwakuyesa mapindu opindulitsa ngozi, tingapeze njira zothandizira kuthekera kwa kusanthula kwa manyuzipepala a zamakhalidwe pamene ikufalitsa zaumoyo kutsutsa kutha kwa democracy.

Mwayi Woperekedwa ndi Ofalitsa Nkhani Kaamba ka Umodzi Wachidemokrase

Makampani olankhula ndi anthu atsegula njira zatsopano zochitira nawo ndale zimene zinali zosalingalirika mbadwo wapitawo. Mipata imeneyi siimangooneka ngati . Yasonyezedwa m’magulu achipambano, wovota wowonjezereka, ndi makambitsirano a anthu osiyanasiyana. Pansipa, tipenda mbali zinayi zazikulu kumene mawailesi a zaunyinji amalimbitsa njira za democracy.

Kupezeka Kowonjezereka: Kutsekera Malire Otsekera Nkhani

Kuthandiza anthu kupeza chidziŵitso chandale mwa kuchipereka kwa aliyense wokhala ndi intaneti, mosasamala kanthu za ndalama, maphunziro, kapena malo. Manyuzipepala amakono . wailesi, wailesi , mawailesi . Nthaŵi zambiri amafuna ndalama zofunsira, malaisensi, kapena olemba zipata zimene zimachepetsa anthu amene angatulutse ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zofunikira. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, manyuzipepala amalola anthu kutsatira andale, atolankhani, timagulu ta anthu andale, ndiponso anthu a m’dziko limodzi.

Kupezeka kumeneku kwasintha kwambiri m'madongosolo a authoritarianism kapena authority ang'onoang'ono kumene manyuzi olamuliridwa ndi boma amalamulira. Ofufuza amagwiritsa ntchito ma autholo obisika ndi a pa wailesi yakanema kuti agaŵane zinthu zimene zingasankhidwe. Mwachitsanzo, mkati mwa 2019 Hong Kong kutsutsa, Telegram ndi Twitter anakhala zipangizo zofunika kwambiri zokonzera ndi kuulutsira panthaŵi yeniyeni. Komabe, kupezeka kokha sikuli kokwanira: popanda kulemba ndi kulemba ndi kulemba, kuulutsa, kumasuka kungachititse anthu kugwiritsa ntchito. Mwayi ukhoza kulowa m’maphunziro.

Kulankhulana Kwenikweni kwa Nthaŵi: Nkhani Yamphamvu ya ndale Zamphamvu

Kusintha kwa nthaŵi yomweyo kwa manyuzi oulutsira zinthu kumathandiza nzika kuchitapo kanthu pa zochitika za ndale. Kusintha kwa mikangano, magawo a nyumba ya malamulo, kapena zotsatira za masankho kulola kuyang'aniridwa ndi anthu ndi kukambirana. Kuthamanga kumeneku kungawonjezere kuŵerengera: andale akudziŵa kuti kulakwa kulikonse kapena kachitidwe kokayikitsa kangatengedwe, kagawidwe, ndi kugawidwa m'mphindi zochepa. Pa 2020 U.S. Sankhani ya utsogoleri, kuyang'anira zenizeni za nthaŵi ya kutera ndi Facebooka inathandiza kuyankha mlandu wonyenga asanakhoze kukwaniritsa mizu yake yonse, ngakhale kuti kuyesayesako kunali kopanda ungwiro.

Kulankhulana kwenikweni kwanthaŵi yeniyeni kumatheketsanso kuvomerezana mwachindunji pakati pa akuluakulu a boma osankhidwa ndi oimira. Nyumba za tauni, zimene kale zinali zochepetsedwa ndi malo, tsopano zikuchitika, kulola opanga malamulo kumva kuchokera ku mbali ya mtanda ya anthu. Maplatform onga Istagram Live ndi YouTube okhala ndi moyo agwiritsiridwa ntchito ndi atsogoleri andale m'maiko ambiri kuyankha mafunso modzidzimutsa, kuyambitsa lingaliro la kuwonekera. Komabe, liŵiro la oulutsa nkhani za anthu lingapitirirenso kusanthula kofulumira ndi kuchititsa kutsutsa kofulumira kuposa kuwongolera.

Magulu Ochititsa Masitayelo: Mawu a Nzika Zomveka Bwino

Makampani amene angakhalebe akuthandiza kapena osadziŵika bwino angapeze chisamaliro cha dziko lonse kudzera m'mavairasi, mavidiyo amodzi, ndi madongosolo a pa Intaneti. # BlackLives Matter[ gulu limene linayamba mu 2013 pambuyo pa kuchotsedwa kwa George Zimmerman, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza chiwawa cha apolisi ndi kukhazikitsa zitsutso ku United States ndi kupitirira. Mofananamo, [[FLT:] # Mato'.] Opatsidwa mphamvu ndi opulumuka kuukirana kwa kugonana kuti agaŵane nawo nkhani zawo, kutsogolera ku masinthidwe alamulo ndi miyambo m'mayiko ambiri.

Maguluwa amasonyeza kuti makampani a zaumoyo angawononge mphamvu zamwambo. Munthu wosakwatira amene ali ndi nkhani yokakamiza komanso foni angayambitse kukambirana kumene kumasangalatsa anthu mamiliyoni ambiri. Ndiponso, makampani a zaumoyo amachepetsa kudalira kwa osunga zipata akuluakulu a pa TV, kulola anthu omenyera nkhondo kukhazikitsa nkhanizo mwachindunji. Komabe, magulu a udzuwo angayang'anenso kuopsa: kuoneka kwawo kungakope anthu olankhulana nawo, ndipo kufunitsitsa kwa pa Intaneti sikumasintha nthaŵi zonse kuti ayambe ntchito yochitira pa Intaneti. Mwayiwu ndi weniweni, koma umafunika kuti gulu lapadera likhale logwirizana popanda kungogwiritsa ntchito tizilombo.

Kuloŵa M’gulu la Anthu Ogwira Ntchito: Kulanda ndi Kupha Anthu

Mapulatifomu a za makompyuta a zaumoyo agwirizana ndi zida zothandizira kulembetsa ndi kutulukira. Mwachitsanzo, Facebook, yagwiritsa ntchito "Fumbulani Malo Otchuka" zikumbutso, pamene Instagram ndi Snapechat adayambitsa zomatira zovomerezeka zovomerezeka ndi zotsalira. Malinga ndi 2020 zoyesera zochitidwa ndi ofufuza pa University of California, San Diego, Facebook zikumbutso zowonjezereka zovotera pakati pa ogwiritsira ntchito pafupifupi 0.3 percenters percents @a percentasio koma yatanthauzo la papulatifomu. M'sankho cha 2020 U. , pafupifupi anthu 17 miliyoni anagwiritsira ntchito Facebook kuvota kuvota.

Kupyola zikumbutso, manyuzi a zandale amatheketsa kutsatsa malonda kwambiri. Kampani zokhala ndi anthu amwambo aang'ono kwambiri zozikidwa pa zikondwerero, malo, ndi makhalidwe akale. Kulinganiza kumeneku kungathandize kufikira osalabadira kapena ovota ndi mauthenga opekedwa. Mwachitsanzo, ku India, gulu la Bharatiya Janata Partive liyenera kugwiritsa ntchito Zomwe App ndi Facebook kufikira otola a kumidzi, kuthandizira kupambana kwawo kwakukulu kwa masankhoti. Komabe kupambana kumeneku kungagwiritsiridwe ntchito pogaŵanitsa ndi kusandutsa mavoti, monga momwe amaonera m'poti wa ku Cambridge Analytica. Mwaŵi wa kuvota uyenera kuyesedwa motsutsana ndi kukhoza kukopa anthu.

Kuika Moyo Pangozi Kugwirizana ndi Zofalitsa Zokhudza Democratic Programmes

Ngakhale kuti makampani a pa Intaneti amapereka mapindu oonekeratu, mbali yake yoipa imaopseza kwambiri zipani za demokrase. Ngozi zimenezi sizikuoneka ngati . Zachitika m'masankho padziko lonse lapansi, kuyambira pa mpikisano wa pulezidenti wa United States wa 2016 mpaka pa chisankho cha 2019 cha ku Brazil ndi kupitirira. Kumvetsa maupandu ameneŵa ndi sitepe loyamba la kuyambitsa njira zothetsera zotsatira zopindulitsa.

Mfundo Zolakwika ndi Zosamveka: Kukhulupirirana Kwambiri

Mistinfont [1] Chidziŵitso chonyenga chogawana popanda cholinga choipa . ndi kusatsa malonda kwa chidziŵitso chonyenga . Chivomerezo cha 2018 ku MIT chinapeza kuti nkhani zonama za mbiri za ku Twitter pa ulendo wotalikirapo, wofulumira, ndi wochuluka kuposa nkhani zoona, chifukwa chakuti n’zofala kwambiri ndiponso zosokoneza maganizo. Mliri wa CHOVID-19, mawu onama onena za katemera ndi mankhwala ochiritsira matenda anafalikira ku Facebook, Instagram, ndi Whachsapp, zomwe zinachititsa kuti achepetse katemera ndi kuchepetsa mavuto a zaumoyo.

Pa nkhani ya demokrase, nkhani zolakwika zingafooketse chikhulupiriro m'masankho. Pambuyo pa 2020 a chisankho cha United States, mawu opanda maziko a chinyengo chofalikira cha wovota anafalitsidwa kwambiri pa manyuzipepala a anthu, kuthera mu January 6, 2021 kuukira kwa U.S. Capitol. Platforms yomwe ikulimbana kuti zikhale zoyenerera, zopezedwa pakati pa malingaliro a ufulu wa kulankhula ndi kufunika kwa kuletsa kuvulazidwa. Zoyesayesa za kuletsa kuvulaza, monga European Union’s Digitable Service Act, cholinga cha kusunga mapulatifomu oŵerengera ngozi za dongosolo la zinthu, koma kuletsa kutsutsana ndi chitokosokoso kufunikira njira yolimbana ndi: kusintha kwa malamulo, mayanjano, ndi kuwongolera maphunziro a za pa TV.

Kujambula Malo: Kuswa Malo Ofala

Chikhoterero cha ma-algorith cha ma a social media cha kusonyeza ogwiritsira ntchito zimene ali othekera kugwirizanitsa nawo chingachititse malo a mawu ndi ma puloset . Ogwiritsira ntchito amasonyezedwa makamaka ndi malingaliro amene amachirikiza zikhulupiriro zawo zomwe zilipo, pamene malingaliro otsutsana amatsutsidwa kapena kuperekedwa m’nthanthi yoipidwa. Mkupita kwanthaŵi, zimenezi zingawonetse kugawana kwa ndale zadziko, kupanga kugonja ndi kumvetsetsana kovuta kwambiri. Kufufuza 2019 kwa Pew Research Center kunapeza kuti ogwiritsira ntchito a za manyuzi a zachikhalidwe atha kuwonana ndi malingaliro awo andale, ndipo amasonyeza kudana kwambiri ndi mbali inayo.

Kusintha zinthu sikumangochitika pa Intaneti ayi. Kusintha zinthu sikusintha kwambiri m'zochitika zenizeni za dziko lapansi. M'mayiko monga United States, Brazil, ndi India, manyukiliya agwirizana ndi udani wowonjezereka ndi kuchepa kwa malamulo a demokrase monga kuvomereza zotsatirapo za masankho. Ofufuza ena amatsutsa kuti kutha kwa dziko ndi mbali ya kukonza zinthu, osati chipsera ayi: malamulo opangira pangano a kubwezera mkwiyo ndi kukangana. Mapulogalamu ayamba kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa zinthu zogaŵanitsa, koma zotsatira zake n’zosakaniza. Anthu a ku maderawa ayenera kufunafuna kwambiri chidziŵitso chosiyanasiyana ndi kuchita nawo nkhani zachiyambi cha anthu kudutsa malire olimbana ndi ngozi imeneyi.

Kugwiritsira Ntchito Chinyengo ndi Chisonkhezero: Kugwiritsira Ntchito Malamulo a Zida

Azandale aphunzira kugwiritsira ntchito njira za mayanjano a anthu kuti asinthe maganizo a anthu. Pa nthawi ya chisankho cha U.S., asilikali a Russia anagwiritsa ntchito nkhani zonyenga pa Facebook, Twitter, ndi Istagram kubzala kusagwirizana ndi kukopa. Iwo anapanga zinthu zowonjezera pa nkhani monga mtundu, kusamuka, ndi kuletsa mfuti, kugaŵanitsa. Mofananamo, m'masankho a ku Nigeria a 2019, ogwirizana makhalidwe a Twitter a kufalitsa nkhani zabodza. Nthaŵi zambiri ntchito zimenezi n’zotchuka, kugwiritsa ntchito migwirizano ya bot, munthu wachinyengo, ndi kutsatsa malonda kuti akwaniritse zolinga zawo.

Kupyola pa kuloŵerera kwa maiko ena, andale a m'dzikolo amapanganso njira za makompyuta. Ku Philippines, akuluakulu a Rodrigo Duterte anagwiritsa ntchito gulu la matope ndi osonkhetsa anthu otsutsa ndi ofalitsa mabodza. Kusoŵa kwa kuonekera kwa otsatsatsa malonda andale ndi kusaonekera kwa maatomu ndi kuukira kwa maatomu a pulogalamu kumapangitsa kuti nzika zivutike kupenda chidziŵitso chimene zimalandira. Mabungwe a padziko lonse monga United Nations alamula kuti anthu azidziŵerengera kwambiri, kuphatikizapo kuonekera kwa ndale ndi kupenda madongosolo a pulogalamu a zandale. Komabe kudalira pa magetsi kwa zigawenga zamakono kaŵirikaŵiri kwakhala kovuta kupenda chidziŵitso chamakono.

Kuopa Kutetezeka: Kuteteza Kukhulupirika Kopanda Maupandu

Kusintha kwa makampani opanga masankho, makampani ofufuza zinthu pa Intaneti, kuchititsa kuti makampani ayambe kugwiritsa ntchito makompyuta, kutsegula makompyuta, kugwiritsa ntchito makompyuta, ndiponso kusadalirana. Mu 2016, kampani ya Democratic National Committee inachititsa kuti makampani a kampani a kampani ayambe kutulutsa mafoni olankhulana ndi WikiLeaks, zomwe zinafalitsa nkhani zachigwirizano. Mu 202020, maofesi a masankhoti a U.S.

Makampani a Intaneti amasokonezanso anthu chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zinthu zogwiritsa ntchito Intaneti. Ngakhale kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizozo sikugwirizana mwachindunji ndi zipangizo zovotera, kugwiritsa ntchito zida zakuba kungathandize anthu kudziwa zinthu. Makampani amafunika njira zotetezera kwambiri, njira zochitira zinthu, ndiponso kugwirizana ndi mabungwe a boma kuti ateteze zinthu zimenezi. Oimba amathandizanso kuti agwiritse ntchito mawu amphamvu, kutsimikizira zinthu ziwiri, ndiponso kukayikira kutuluka kwa mawu ochititsa chidwi.

Kuchepetsa Ufulu ndi Ngozi: Njira Yake Ikupita Patsogolo

Makampani omwe amapanga udzu angafalitsenso mfundo zina. Chinsinsi chake ndicho kukonza ndi kukulitsa makhalidwe amene amawonjezera phindu pamene akuchepetsa mavutowo. Zimenezi zimafuna kuti anthu ambiri olemba makampani: makampani a zaumisiri, maboma, anthu, ndi anthu ena.

Mafakitale Opanga Mafaelo

Maboma padziko lonse akuyesa kuchepetsa maupandu a za mayanjano. Lamulo la bungwe la EU Digital Service Act limakhazikitsa mathayo pamapulatifomu aakulu kuyesa ndi kuchepetsa ngozi za dongosolo ku madongosolo a demokrase, kuphatikizapo kusokoneza masankho ndi zolakwika. Ku UK, Online Safety Bill Leactives progatects kuti agwire ntchito yosalowera ndi kuteteza ana. Pakali pano, U.S. wakhala wachedwa kuchitapo ntchito, ndi kutsutsana pa chigawo cha 230 cha Kusintha Chiyeso. Lamulo loyenera kusunga mawu aulere pamene akutsimikizira kuyankha mlandu wa malamulo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito makompyuta.

Thayo Losintha

Makampani a zaumisiri ayenera kuchitapo kanthu kuwonjezera njira zawo za democracy ya kuwonjezera kulinganiza kwa maluso a democracy. Zimenezi zimaphatikizapo kuwongolera njira zachikatikati zokhalira ndi moyo, kuwonjezera kuwonekera kwa zinthu pa kusatsa malonda kwa ndale zadziko, kuvomereza ma algoritimenti kuchepetsa kusungunuka kwa dziko, ndi kusungitsa ndalama zothandizira kusuntha kwa intaneti. Zochita zina, zonga Meta’s OverSight Board, zimapatsa chitsanzo cha kudzionera okha zosankha. Komabe, otsutsa amatsutsa kuti kaŵirikaŵiri mapulatifomu amapindula kwambiri zinthu za anthu, monga kuwonjezera ndalama zolembedwa. Kutsendereza kwa ogwiritsira ntchito, osunga ndalama, ndi maalamu amafunikira kuti asinthe zinthu zofunika.

Kuwerenga ndi Kuwerenga Nkhani Ndiponso Maphunziro Osiyanasiyana

Kupatsa anthu mphamvu zofufuza mosamala zinthu pa Intaneti ndi njira yodzitetezera kwambiri ku mavuto a makompyuta. Mapulogalamu a zauthenga ndi olemba ndi kulemba m'manyuzipepala m’masukulu ndi m'madera ena angaphunzitse anthu kutsimikizira malo amene amapezeka, kuona njira zogwiritsa ntchito machenjera, ndiponso kuganizira asanagawire. Mayiko onga Finland agwiritsa ntchito kwambiri luso lakuphunzira zinthu zoulutsira nkhani komanso udindo wa anthu amene savutika kuchotsa chidziŵitso cha zinthu. Kufalitsa nkhani zomveka zomveka bwino ndiponso zokayikitsa zinthu zokayikitsa kungayambitse ntchito yothandiza kukonza makompyuta, makompyuta, mapulogalamu a zamakono, ndiponso mapulogalamu a za mapulogalamu a za pulogalamu omwe amathandiza kufalitsa maphunzirowa.

Kumaliza: Kukonzanso Zofalitsa Zachikhalidwe

Makampani a pa TV si abwino kapena oipa chifukwa cha demokalase; ndi chida chimene chimathetsa zikhoterero zimene zilipo m'chitaganya ndi m'mabungwe. Maudindo amene imapereka ndi kupezeka kwa munthu, kutomerana kwa nthaŵi yeniyeni, udzu, kupatsa mphamvu, ndi kusonkhanitsa zinthu zopangira. Komabe maupandu (misformation , kusokonezeka, kuponderezedwa, ndi ziwopsezo za pa Intaneti n’zake n’zabwino ndiponso zingawononge. Mtsogolo mwa kulamulira kwa democracyctic mu nyengo yathu idzadalira pa zosankha zimene timapanga: mmene timayang'anira mapulati, ndi mmene timapangira mapulaneti awo, ndi mmene timaperekera chidziŵitso.

Kuti titetezere demokrase, tiyenera kukana zonse ziŵiri kuletsa umisiri wamakono ndi kuyembekezera zinthu zopanda pake. Kulankhula ndi anthu sikungayambitse demokrase, kapena sikudzaiwononga. Mmalomwake, tifunikira njira yolinganizika ndi yozikidwa pa umboni yomwe imavomereza ponse paŵiri kuthekera ndi kuopsa kwake. Kulemba nkhani m'manyuzipepala, kufuna kuyankha mlandu pa pulatifomu, ndi kuchirikiza kutumiza manyuzipepala kwaumwini ndi njira zofunika. Mwakutero, tingakhoze kulinganiza ku mwaŵi ndi kuiwala ngozizo, kutsimikizira kuti manyuzipepala ayanjano akhala mphamvu ya kukonzanso demokrase mmalo akulephera kuiwala.

Kuti muŵerenge zambiri, onani [[FLT: 0] Lipoti la Phaka Lofufuza la Phaka lonena za kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa nyuzi kupyolera m'manyuzi oulutsira mawu , , maphunziro a pa kufalikira kwa mbiri yonyenga , ndi Commission ya Enternation's Secroct .