elections-and-political-processes
Kuloŵetsedwamo m’Zosankha Zakumaloko: Chitsogozo Chapansi
Table of Contents
Chisankho cha kumaloko sichingapeze chisamaliro chofanana ndi cha mafuko, koma chimakhala ndi chiyambukiro chachindunji kwambiri pa moyo wanu wa tsiku ndi tsiku. zosankha zopangidwa ndi bungwe la mzinda wanu, bungwe la sukulu, kapena bungwe lachigawo zimakhudza chirichonse kuchokera ku msonkho wa katundu ndi kusungitsidwa kwa njira za kusungitsa kwa sukulu ya boma ndi malamulo a kumaloko. Kuphatikizidwa m'masankho ameneŵa kuli imodzi ya njira zogwira mtima kwambiri zopangira chitaganya chanu.
Komabe, masankho akwanuko angamve kukhala ofikirika pang'ono kuposa a mtundu. Voter posankha n’kochepa kwambiri, kaŵirikaŵiri kumatera pakati pa 15% ndi 25%. Izi zikutanthauza kuti gulu laling'ono, lodzipereka la nzika zoikizidwa lingakhale ndi chisonkhezero chochepa. Chitsogozochi chimapereka tsatanetsatane, ndi njira yapatalikirapo yochitira nawo masankho, kuchokera ku kuzindikira malo ndi kuvotera kuti akhalebe otomeredwa kwa nthaŵi yaitali pambuyo poŵerengedwa. Cholinga ndicho kupanga dongosololo lowonekera bwino, lokhoza kuyang'aniridwa, ndi lokhoza kuchitapo kanthu.
Chifukwa Chake Kusankha Malo Okha Kuli Kofunika
Anthu ambiri amapeputsa mphamvu ya masankho a kumalo kuno. Akuluakulu osankhidwa pamlingo uno amapanga zosankha zimene zimayambukira mwachindunji mudzi wanu. Bungwe la mzinda wanu limavota pa malamulo okhazikitsa amene angapangidwe pafupi ndi nyumba yanu. Bungwe la sukulu yanu limakhazikitsa bajeti ya maphunziro a ana anu. Bungwe la boma lanu limayang'anira mautumiki a zaumoyo wa anthu onse ndi njira zothandizira zamwadzidzidzi. Zimenezi sizili nkhani zosadziŵika bwino; ndizo maziko a moyo wanu wa tsiku ndi tsiku.
Ndiponso, masankho a kumaloko kaŵirikaŵiri amatumikira monga phata la ku ofesi yapamwamba. Andale zadziko ambiri achipambano ndi adziko anayamba ntchito zawo pa bungwe la sukulu kapena bungwe la mzinda. Mwa kuvota m'masankho a kumaloko, simukusonkhezera kokha zosankha za chitaganya komanso kuumba mkhalidwe wa ndale zadziko yamtsogolo. Chiyambukiro cha voti imodzi nchapamwambanso kwambiri m'chisankho cha kumalo kumene kubwerera kuli kotsika. USA.gov's pov'v'vration ndi porstal chiperekerapo chalamulo cha boma pamlingo uliwonse wa boma.
Sitepe 1: Fufuzani Kukongola kwa Chisankho Chanu cha Kumalo Anu
Njira yoyamba ndi yofunika kwambiri ndiyo kumvetsa zimene zikuchitika m'dera lanu. Maboma ena amachita masankho a kumaloko mu November a zaka zachilendo, pamene ena amagwirizanitsa masankho a anthu onse pa zaka zoŵerengeka. Pangakhalenso masankho apadera a nkhani zina kapena kukwaniritsa malo.
Dziŵani Kalendala Yanu Yosankha
Mufunikira kudziŵa masiku enieni. Yambani ndi kupita pawebusaiti yalamulo ya ofesi yanu ya chisankho. Mayiko ambiri ali ndi ndandanda yofufuzira masankho amene ayandikira. Samalani masiku ofunika: tsiku lomaliza kulembetsa kuti avote, tsiku loyamba la voti, nthawi yopempha kuti asiye ntchito yosankha, ndi tsiku la chisankho lenilenilo.
Dziŵani Zimene Mungachite Kuti Musankhe
Malo ofala amaphatikizapo:
- Mayr: Bwana wamkulu wa mzinda kapena tauni, wokhala ndi thayo la kuyang'anira madipatimenti a mzinda ndi kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo.
- Dolopo Council kapena City Commission: Bungwe la malamulo limene limapereka malamulo a kumaloko, limavomereza bajeti ya mzinda, ndi kukhazikitsa malamulo.
- Khoti la magetsi: Okhulupirira amene amapanga zosankha ponena za maphunziro, ndalama za sukulu, madongosolo a antchito, ndi chigawo.
- Commission kapena Board of Supervisors: Bungwe lolamulira la deralo, limene limachita ntchito zapamwamba monga misewu, mapaki, ndi thanzi la anthu.
- Woweruza kapena Attorney ya District: Malo a kusungitsa malamulo amene ali ndi chisonkhezero chachikulu pa dongosolo la chiweruzo cha kumaloko.
Mukhoza kudabwa kuona kuti pa chisankho pali ntchito zambiri zimene mukugwira.
Fufuzani za Mafomu ndi Malembo Ake
Mukangodziŵa amene akuthamanga, fufuzani m'mabanja awo ndi malo awo. Kuyamba ndi mawebusaiti a oyembekezera kulowa ndi nkhani za manyuzi a zachikhalidwe. Fufuzani ndemanga zalamulo ponena za zinthu zawo zofunika ndi zovota zawo zapapitapo ngati adakhala ndi ntchito. Wokaloŵa malo ochezera a malonda a kumaloko, mayanjano a mnansi, kapena Chigwirizano cha Akazi. Zochitika zimenezi zimakulolani kumva mafunso ofunsirawo mwachindunji ndi kuona mmene amalankhulira ndi chitaganya.
Kuyeneranso kupenda nkhani za kumaloko. Manyuzipepala kapena wailesi yanu yakumaloko mwina ili ndi nkhani za oyembekezera kupikisana ndi mafuko. Funani zivomerezo kuchokera ku mabungwe akumaloko, monga bungwe la ozimitsa moto, mayanjano a aphunzitsi, kapena malo a malonda. Kuvomereza kumeneku kungathandize kudziŵa bwino mphamvu ndi kulinganiza kwa anthu obatizidwa.
Sitepe 2: Lengezani Kulankhula Mosiyanasiyana
Simungavote ngati simunalembetse. Zofunika ndi masiku otsatizana zikusiyana ndi boma, chotero nkofunika kupenda malamulo a malo anu enieni. Vote. org ndi chiŵiya chodalirika, chosaimirana chimene chingakutsogolereni kupyola m'mphindi.
Onani Bwino Ulemu Wanu
Musanayambe kuchita china chilichonse, tsimikizirani kuti mukuona ngati mulidi pa Intaneti pawebusaiti ya voti. Ngakhale mutakhulupirira kuti mwalembetsa, ndi bwino kutsimikizira. Nthawi zina anthu ovota amachotsa mpukutu chifukwa cha kulephera ntchito, maadiresi, kapena zifukwa zina za boma. Muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti dzina lanu, adiresi yanu, ndi malo a pakiniki (ngati boma lanu likufuna kuti likhale lolondola)
Malizitsani Kulemba
Ngati simunalembetse, kapena ngati mukufuna kukonzanso zimene mwalemba, njira yake siikusowa.
- Pansi pa pulogalamu: Mayiko ambiri tsopano amalola kulembetsa pa Intaneti wovota. Mumafunikira nambala ya kampani kapena laisensi ya dalaivala.
- Mwa Makalata: Mukhoza kukopera National Voter Bromyation Form kuchokera ku webusaiti ya U.S. Commust Applice Commission, kudzaza, kusaina, ndi kutumiza ku ofesi yanu ya chisankho.
- Munthu: Mungathe kulemba ku dipatimenti ya boma lanu ya galimoto, maofesi a maofesi a thandiza anthu, kapena maofesi ena a boma osankhidwa.
Khayiki ya ntchito: [[FLT: 1] Zindikirani nthaŵi imene boma lanu lidzalembetse. Maboma ena amafuna kulembetsa masiku 30 chisankho chisanachitike, pamene ena amalola kulembetsa tsiku lomwelo. Kulephera kwa detilo kumatanthauza kuphonya chisankho.
Mfundo 3: Muziphunzira Zokhudza Ntchito Yotulutsa Mitengo
Kuzindikira ntchito yovota kumachepetsa nkhaŵa ndipo kumatsimikizira kuti voti lanu laŵerengedwa. Palibe njira imodzi yovotera imene imagwira ntchito m’dziko lonselo.
Yesetsani Kugwiritsa Ntchito Njira Zolankhulira
Malo ambiri a boma amapereka njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira chisankho:
- Mu Proton pa Tsiku la Chisankho: Njira yamwambo. Mupita kumalo anu osankha mkati mwa maola osankhidwa ndi kuvota pa makina kapena pepala loonera.
- Preadang Volution : Chiŵerengero chomakulakula cha maboma amakulolani kuvota mwa munthu pa malo osankhidwa poyamba pawindo la masiku chisankho chisanachoke. Izi ndizo njira yotchuka imene ingathandize kupeŵa mizera yaitali patsiku la chisankho.
- Kupempha ndi Mail (Mbali ya Boose): Maiko ena amatumiza foni yolembedwa kwa wovota aliyense. M'maiko ena, muyenera kupempha pepala lochotsedwa ndi kupereka chifukwa (Ngakhale kuti maboma ambiri achepetsa zofunika zimenezi).
Pezani Malo Anu Oipitsa ndi Kumvetsetsa Zofunika
Ngati mufuna kuvota mwa munthu, muyenera kudziŵa kumene mungapite. Malo anu oonera ali ogwirizana kwambiri ndi adiresi yanu yolembedwa. Mungawapeze kudzera pa webusaiti yanu ya ofesi ya voti kapena ku maofesi a boma kudzera ku ziwiya zopanda lamulo monga zimene zaperekedwa ndi Conference of State Legislatures . Malamulo a Voter amasiyana kwambiri. Maboma ena amafuna kuti mukhale ndi chithunzi, ena amalandira makampani osafunikira a foni ngati pepala la magetsi kapena pepala la banki, ndipo ena safuna kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito alionse. Kudziŵa malamulo a pasadakhaleko kumasintha pa mayeso.
Sitepe 4: Dziŵani Nkhani ndi Masitepe a Ballot
Kuwonjezera pa anthu amene akufuna kulowa sukulu, mapepala a m’dzikolo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mfundo zachikalata, mafomu, kapena masewero ofufuzira, mafunso amene anthu amafunsa pankhani ya kusintha kwa malamulo.
Njira Zofufuzira za Ballot
Miyezo ya Ballot ingakhale yochuluka. Komabe, simufunikira kuŵerenga lemba lonse lalamulo kuti mupange chosankha chodziŵidwa. Funani mapendedwe a makampani ambiri akwanuko. Maofesi osasankha amapanga chitsogozo cha ovota chimene chimaphatikizapo chidule cha mlingo uliwonse, chikalata cha chiyambukiro chalamulo, ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri zigomeko za. Chigwirizano cha Akazi Voters chiri magwero ena abwino koposa kaamba ka chidziŵitso choyenera pa nkhani za ballot.
Khalani ndi Umodzi ndi Anthu
Imodzi ya njira zabwino kwambiri zodziŵira bwino nkhani za kumaloko ndiyo kulankhula ndi anthu amene akukhudzidwa mwachindunji. Pitani ku misonkhano ya m’holo ya tauni kapena m'malo ena a tauni. Malaibulale akwanuko ndi malo a anthu kaŵirikaŵiri amakhala ndi magawo a chidziŵitso pa njira zimene zikubwera. Mukayanjane ndi magulu a anthu a m'mayanjano kapena kupyola mapulatifomu onga sevetor. Mudzamva malingaliro osiyanasiyana amene angakuthandizeni kupenda zotsatira za njira yolingaliridwira.
Mungathenso kuona amene akuchirikiza ndalama za ndawala za makampani ndi kutsutsana ndi muyeso wa pepala. Nkhani imeneyi kaŵirikaŵiri imapezeka poyera kudzera pa webusaiti ya boma yanu ya zandalama youlutsira zinthu. Ngati muyeso wina wachirikizidwa ndi chipinda cha malonda chakwanu koma wotsutsidwa ndi bungwe la aphunzitsi, zimene zikukuuzani kanthu kena ponena za malonda okhoza kuloŵetsedwamo.
Sitepe 5: Kangatengemo Mbali m’Nkhondo
Kampani ya maofesi a m’deralo kaŵirikaŵiri imachepa ndipo siikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
Peŵani Nthaŵi Yanu Modzipereka
Mkupiti wa kumaloko umafunikira thandizo ndi zinthu zonse. Mukhoza kugogoda pamakomo kulankhula ndi ovota, kupanga mafoni, kutumiza ogwirira ntchito pa phwando la m’deralo, kapena kuthandiza ndi chidziŵitso cha kampani. Ngakhale maola angapo pa mlungu angakhale aphindu. Kupanga ndawala mwachindunji kupyolera pa webusaiti yawo kapena pa makompyuta ndiyo njira yabwino koposa yopezera zimene iwo afunikira. Simufunikira chidziŵitso cha poyamba; misewu imagwiritsiridwa ntchito kuphunzitsa antchito odzifunira pandege.
Kuthandiza Kupeza Ndalama Zokwanira
Mungathenso kuchirikiza ndawala ya ndalama. Ngakhale ndalama zochepa zingathandize kulipira ndalama za oyendetsa ndege, kukonza webusaiti, kapena kubwereka ofesi yaing'ono. Ngati muli wotanganidwa ndi makompyuta, mungagawane zopezeka pa kampaniyo. Mawu a pakamwa akhalabe chimodzi cha ziwiya zamphamvu kwambiri m'masankho akwanu. Kungouza anzanu ndi anansi chifukwa chake mukhoza kuchirikiza munthu wina wofunsira kupikisana ndi anthu otsika.
Mfundo 6: Muzilankhulana
Kungochita chilolezocho, mumapanga chikalata chofufuzira.
Konzani Mlandu
Ngati musankha papositi, ŵerengani malangizo onse. Pansi pa zosankha zanu mogwirizana ndi malangizo operekedwa. Sayinani kalata yobwezera pa envulopu yanu yakubwerera pamene sigini ikuwonekera pa kulembetsa kwanu. Sigineji yosaina kapena yosagwirizana ndizo chochititsa chachikulu cha okana makalata m'mapepala. Tumizani kalata yanu ya osankhidwa mwamsanga kufika pa deti la chisankho.
Ngati musankha nokha, bweretsani chilolezo chilichonse chofunikira. Mukalandira pepala lanu, pendani nthaŵi yanu. Ofuna kubatizidwa onse ndi kuyendera. Malo ambiri oonera amalola inu kutenga chikalata choyesera kapena chikalata chachinyengo kuchipinda. makina ovotera kapena pepala la magetsi adzapereka momvekera bwino. Ngati mupanga cholakwa, funsani wogwira ntchito yosankhayo kuti akuthandizeni mmalo moyesa kuyesa kuwongolera.
Limbikitsani Ena Kulankhula Mofuula
Voti yanu ndi yamphamvu kwambiri, koma mphamvu ya kampani yanu ndi yaikulu kwambiri. Kulimbikitsa achibale, mabwenzi, ndi antchito anzanu kuti atuluke ndi kuvota. Pemphani kuthandiza mnansi amene angavutike kutulukira mavoti. Afotokozereni zimene mwakumana nazo pa wailesi ndi Intaneti. Kutenga nawo mbali pa masankho ndi imodzi mwa njira zothandiza kwambiri popanga mudzi wathanzi, wotomerana.
Mfundo 7: Musamagawane ndi Anthu Osankha
Akuluakulu amene munathandiza kuvotawo adzapanga zosankha kwa miyezi ndi zaka zingapo m’tsogolo muno.
Tsatirani Zotsatira za Kusankha
Onani zotsatira zake zomaliza ndi kuona ngati oyembekezera kulowa ntchito ndi njira zimene munachirikiza zikuyenda bwino. Mu masankho a kumaloko, anthu a mafuko ambiri amasankhidwa ndi mavoti angapo. Zimenezi zimatsimikizira kufunika kwa kutenga nawo mbali ndipo zimasonkhezera kupitiriza kuloŵerera kwanu.
Agwirizane ndi Akuluakulu A boma
Akuluakulu anu osankhidwa amakugwirirani ntchito. Ayenera kukhala ofikirika. Kupezeka pa misonkhano ya m'tauni kapena misonkhano ya sukulu. Misonkhano imeneyi imakhala yotseguka kwa anthu nthaŵi zonse. Mukhoza kulankhula mkati mwa nyengo ya ndemanga yapoyera kulongosola chichilikizo chanu kapena chitsutso ku nkhani yakutiyakuti. Mukhozanso kulemba ma email kapena kuimba telefoni ku maofesi awo. Zigawo zochepa zodziŵa bwino zingakhale ndi chiyambukiro chachikulu pa zofunika za nduna yosankhidwa.
Maboma ambiri amafalitsa nkhani ndi mphindi zina pa Intaneti ndipo kudziwa zimenezi kumathandiza kuti mudziwe kaye zimene mukufuna kuchita musanavote.
Konzekerani Chisankho Chotsatira
Malo ena amachitika pa nthawi ya chisankho. Ena amakhala ndi malamulo a zaka ziwiri, pamene ena ali ndi zaka zinayi. Tsiku lotsatira pambuyo pa chisankho, koloko iyamba pa nthawi yotsatira. Samalani ndi amene akumveka kuti akuthamanga. Ngati mukufunitsitsa nkhani inayake, ganizirani ngati mukufuna kulowa udindo tsiku lina. Akuluakulu ambiri a m’deralo anayamba kukhala anthu a m’deralo amene anangosankha kuti apite kutsogolo n’kukatumikira.
Kumaliza
Kuloŵa m'masankho akwanuko ndi imodzi ya njira zachindunji kwambiri ndi zamphamvu kwambiri zopangira dziko lokuzungulirani. Njirayo ingaoneke kukhala yovuta poyamba, koma njira iliyonse imayendetsedwa. Kuyambira ndi kufufuza, mumamanga maziko a chidziŵitso. Kulembetsa kusanthula njira yalamulo kuti ikhalemo. Kumvetsa njira yosankha kuchotsa zopinga. Kudzipangira nokha za ofunsira ndi nkhani zimene musankha n’kwatanthauzo. Kutenga nawo mbali m'mipikisano kumalimbitsa mphamvu yanu. Kuponya pangano la boma ndi ntchito yotsimikizira kuti mawu anu apitirizebe kumva pambuyo pa chisankhocho.
Ntchito za demokrase za kumaloko zikhoza kutchulidwa kwambiri ngati mbali yaikulu ya chitaganya itengamo mbali. Mwa kutsatira chitsogozo chimenechi, simuli kungosankha; mukuthandizira mwamphamvu thanzi ndi mphamvu ya mudzi wanu. Chiyambukiro cha kudziloŵetsa kwanu, makamaka m'malo otsika, sichingalembedwe mopambanitsa. Mutenge masitepe osonyezedwa pano, ndipo simudzakhala wodziŵa bwino ndi wogwira ntchito komanso nzika yowonjezereka yodzipereka ndi yokhoza kulowa m’malo.