Mphamvu ndi mphamvu yolamulira m’dera lililonse. Imasankha amene amapanga zosankha, amene ali ndi mphamvu zopezera zinthu, amene mawu ake amamvedwa, ndi mavuto otani amene amathetsedwa. Kumvetsetsa mphamvu si njira yongoyerekezera chabe; ndi chofunika kwa aliyense amene akufuna kumanga mudzi wamphamvu, wosakondera. Nkhaniyi ikupenda mbali zambiri za ulamuliro, mmene umagwirira ntchito m’moyo wa anthu, kuopsa kwa kugwiritsa ntchito kwake molakwa, ndi njira zotsimikizira kuti mphamvuyo imathandiza aliyense, osati anthu ochepa chabe.

Kumvetsetsa Mphamvu

Pa maziko ake, mphamvu ndiyo kukhoza kusonkhezera kapena kulamulira khalidwe la anthu ndi njira ya zotulukapo. M’chitaganya, mphamvu ingakhale yamwambo kapena yamwamwaŵi, yowoneka kapena yobisika, ndipo ingagwiritsiridwe ntchito ndi anthu, magulu, zigwirizano, kapena madongosolo onse. Njira imene mphamvu imagawiridwa ndi kugwiritsiridwa ntchito pafupifupi mbali iriyonse ya moyo wa chitaganya, kuyambira pa mkhalidwe wa masukulu a anthu onse kufikira pa kupezeka kwa nyumba zokhoza kugulitsidwa.

Akatswiri a maphunziro a zamaphunziro nthawi zambiri amaika mphamvu m’madera anayi osiyanasiyana amene amagwirizana:

  • Mphamvu ya Chigamulo , ulamuliro wa kupanga zosankha, kupanga malamulo, ndi kulamulira nyumba. Zitsanzo zimaphatikizapo osankhidwa a nduna za boma, antchito a boma, ndi mabungwe a chitaganya.
  • Mphamvu ya chuma [[FLT: 1] . kuyang'anira chuma, malo, ntchito, ndi likulu. Olemba ntchito aakulu, mabanki, ndi omanga nyumba ali ndi mphamvu zachuma.
  • [[FLT: 0] Mphamvu ya polisi . kukhudza maunansi, mameseji, ndi malamulo. Zimenezi zimaphatikizapo mphamvu ya atsogoleri amwamwaŵi, magulu, ndi likulu la anthu.
  • Mphamvu ya Chikhalidwe [[FLT: 1] — kukhoza kuumba matanthauzo, nkhani, ndi dzina. Malo oulutsira mawu, zikhalidwe, ndi miyambo ya anthu zonsezo zimathandizira ku mphamvu ya chikhalidwe.

Mwachitsanzo, munthu amene ali ndi mphamvu zandale nthawi zambiri amapeza chuma ndipo anthu a chikhalidwe chawo angasinthe zinthu zimene anthu a m’dera lanu amaona kuti n’zoyenera kapena n’zofunika.

Mmene Mphamvu Zogwiritsa Ntchito Zimagwirira Ntchito: Zooneka, Zobisika, ndi Zosaoneka

Wasayansi wandale John Pansa, akugwiritsira ntchito ntchito ntchito yapasadakhale yochitidwa ndi Steven Lukas, akufotokoza mbali zitatu za mphamvu zimene zili zofunika kwambiri kwa anthu. [[FLT:] Mphamvu yooneka kwambiri [[FLT: 1] ndi yoonekera kwambiri: imaphatikizapo mabwalo opanga zosankha monga misonkhano ya m'mizinda, makutu a anthu, ndi masankho. mphamvu yosadziŵika kwambiri [[FLT:] imachitika pamene oseŵera amphamvu akhazikitsa mapangano, kulamulira zimene zikufotokozedwa, kapena kuchotsa mawu ena kuchokera ku kachitidwe kakedwe ka . [FLT: 4.] Mphamvu yosafufuzidwa imaumba zikhulupiriro za anthu, mapindu, ndi kuzindikira zimene zingatheke. Mphamvu yosawoneka ingachititse kuti magulu azichita zinthu monga odziŵika bwino kapena kuti aonere mphamvu zachibadwa. Kuyang'anira zinthu zinathandiza kwambiri.

Mitundu ya Mphamvu m’Midzi

Katswiri wa zamaganizo a anthu John Franch ndi Bertram Raven anatchula maziko asanu ofala a mphamvu amene amagwira ntchito mwachindunji m’chitaganya.

Mphamvu Yotha Kudya

Apolisi angapereke ndalama zoyendetsera ntchitoyi powakakamiza kuti achotse katundu wawo, kuwachotsa m’nyumba, kapena kuwachititsa kuti aziwachitira zinthu zina.

Mphoto ya Mphamvu

Mosiyana ndi kukakamiza, mphamvu yapatsipo ndi yozikidwa pa kukhoza kupereka mapindu. Malo, mphoto za chitaganya, kutchuka kwa anthu, ndi mwaŵi wa ntchito ndizo mphotho zofala. Mabungwe osapanga phindu, kukhazikitsa maziko, ndi mabizinesi akumaloko kaŵirikaŵiri amapanga mphamvu pamene asankha amene amalandira ndalama kapena kutamandidwa. Mphamvu yobwezera ikhoza kusonkhezera khalidwe labwino komanso ingayambitsenso kudalira munthu ngati sagawidwa moyenerera.

Mphamvu Yalamulo

Mphamvu yalamulo imachokera ku malo odziŵika, udindo, kapena mbali. Akuluakulu a boma, mamembala a sukulu, mapulani a nyumba a eni nyumba, ndi apasitala atchalitchi onse ali ndi mphamvu zovomerezedwa. Mtundu umenewu wa mphamvu umaperekedwa ndi dongosolo lalamulo kapena lamwambo la ulamuliro. Imakhala yogwira mtima kwambiri pamene ionedwa kukhala yolungama ndi pamene munthu wa ntchitoyo aichita ndi kuŵerengera kwa chitaganya.

Mphamvu ya Akatswiri

Mphamvu zaluso zimachokera ku chidziŵitso, maluso, kapena chidziŵitso. M'mudzi, akatswiri a zaumoyo, akatswiri a zaumoyo, okonza za m’mizinda, olemba mbiri ya kumaloko, kapena olinganiza aluso a anthu. Mphamvu za kampani zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziŵitsa zosankha, komanso zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kutsogolera makambitsirano ngati anthu osakhala akatswiri satchulidwa. Ndithudi anthu ambiri a m’madera ambiri amaona kuti kukhala ndi chidziŵitso ngakhalenso zimene anthu akukhalamo.

Mphamvu Yopatsa

Mphamvu yothandiza imachokera ku maunansi a munthu, kukhulupirirana, ndi kusirira. Mtsogoleri wadera lakale amene amalemekezedwa m’magulu osiyanasiyana amafunika kukhala ndi mphamvu. Mtundu umenewu wa mphamvu kaŵirikaŵiri umachirikizidwa chifukwa unamangidwa pa kugwirizana koona. Mphamvu yothandiza ikhoza kulimbikitsa anthu mwamsanga ndi kugaŵikana mlatho, komanso ingakhale yosalimba ngati waswa chikhulupiriro.

Maulamuliro enieni ambiri a dziko lapansi amaphatikizapo kuphatikiza zipinda zimenezi. Wolinganiza waluso angaphatikizepo mphamvu zovomerezeka (malo osankhidwa) ndi mphamvu yamphamvu (kudalira) ndi mphamvu yaluso (kudziŵa malamulo) kutsogolera kusintha kogwira mtima. Kumvetsetsa magulu ameneŵa kumatheketsa mamembala a chitaganya kupenda mphamvu zawo ndi kuzindikira malo amene angawapatse.

Ntchito ya Mphamvu m’Kupita Patsogolo kwa Anthu

Kukula kwa chitaganya — njira ya kuwongolera mkhalidwe wa zachuma, wa chitaganya, ndi wa malo okhala — ndizo zachibadwa. Mphamvu imasankha amene amapindula ndi amene amatsala. Pamene ulamuliro ugawana ndi ena ambiri, chitukuko chimakhala chodalirana ndi cholabadira. Pamene mphamvu iikidwa patsogolo, chitukuko kaŵirikaŵiri chimathandizira anthu oŵerengeka mwakuwononga ambiri.

Kusankha Zochita ndi Chiswe

Anthu amphamvu ndi magulu amene amachititsa nkhani zimene zimaikidwa patsogolo. Mwachitsanzo, bungwe la mzinda lolamulidwa ndi malonda lingasumike maganizo pa kutukuka kwa mzinda pamene likunyalanyaza nyumba zokwera mtengo m'madera osungidwa. Kugaŵana, kuyang'anira chitaganya, ndi mabungwe a m'deralo ndi njira zimene zimafalitsa mphamvu yopanga zosankha. Mabungwe amene atengera bajeti yopereka lipoti lapamwamba la anthu okhala m’tauni ndi katundu woyenerera.

Kusamuka kwa Malo Opezera Maluso

Amene amayang'anira ndalama, malo, ndi chuma china ali ndi mphamvu yaikulu pa kutukuka kwa anthu. Mabungwe, mabungwe a boma, ndi okonza zaumwini amapanga zosankha za kumene angaike ndalama. Zosankha zimenezi zingachirikize kusalingana komwe kulipo kapena kupititsa patsogolo kuwonjezereka. Malo a anthu, mabizinesi ogwirizana, ndi ndalama zoyendetsedwa ndi anthu ndi zitsanzo za nyumba zimene zimapatsa anthu mphamvu zothandizira kupeza zinthu. Mwachitsanzo, dziko lokhalamo chuma limapereka chitsanzo cha pulogalamu ya dziko lapansi mogwirizana, kutsimikizira kuti dziko likhale lokhala ndi ndalama zoyendetsera ndi kutha kwa nthaŵi yaitali.

Kutenga Nawo Mbali m’Chigwirizano ndi Chiwonkhetso cha M’chitaganya

Mphamvu zimakhudza kwambiri amene amatenga mbali m'moyo wa anthu. Pamene nzika zidzimva kukhala zopanda mphamvu, zimaleka kusonkhana, zimapeŵa kudzipereka, ndi kutaya chiyembekezo. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, pamene anthu akhulupirira nkhani zawo zoloŵetsedwamo, kutomerana kumabuka. Makampani amene amapatsa mphamvu nzikazo kuphatikizapo kupereka chisamaliro ndi kumasulira kwa ana pamisonkhano, kupereka zopindulira kaamba ka kutengamo mbali, ndi kugwiritsira ntchito mafoni opezeka. Communy Tow Comment [[

Kusintha kwa Kachitidwe ka Ulimi

Kukula kwa chitaganya kaŵirikaŵiri kumafuna masinthidwe m'malamulo, malamulo, kapena machitidwe a kakonzedwe. Kusintha kwa maulamuliro ndiko njira ya kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu kusonkhezera masinthidwe ameneŵa. Mabungwe a magulu a anthu, madongosolo a udzu, ndi akatswiri a malamulo angaphatikiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphamvu kuti akonzetse zinthu. Mwachitsanzo, kumenya nkhondo ya malo okhala m’mizinda yambiri kwafuna mphamvu zonse ziŵiri zaluso (chidziŵitso cha sayansi) ndi mphamvu zolamulira (komyunizimu) kukakamiza maboma ndi makampani kuchitapo kanthu. Kupambana kwa madongosolo sikungopambana lamulo limodzi; kumakulitsanso mphamvu ya chigawo cha anthu kuti apitirizebe kukonza mtsogolo mwake.

Mavuto a Mphamvu m’Magulu

Ngakhale kuti mphamvu ingakhale galimoto yosinthiratu, imaperekanso mavuto aakulu. Anthu amene amalephera kupenda mphamvu zawo kaŵirikaŵiri amaonanso kulekana, kulimbana, ndi kusakhazikika kwa thupi kwawo.

Kutha kwa Njira ndi Kupingasa

M'mbiri, mphamvu m'madera ambiri zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito pakati pa anthu olemera, ophunzira, ndi apamwamba. Mabungwe a anthu atsankhu ndi a m'magulu achotsa anthu a mitundu yosiyanasiyana, a anthu olandira ndalama zochepa, ndi magulu ena otsika pa magome opangira zosankha. Ngakhale njira za anthu odziwa bwino zochita zingapatutse ngati anapangidwa popanda kusamala za kuchepa kwa mphamvu. Mwachitsanzo, msonkhano wapoyera wochitidwa m’maola a ntchito ungachititse anthu osinthasinthasintha anthu ndi osamalira. Popanda kuyesayesa kwadala kuyendetsa ntchito, mawu onyoza akakhala osamveka ndipo amafunikira.

Chinyengo ndi Kugwiritsira Ntchito Mphamvu Molakwa

Pamene munthu kapena magulu atakhala ndi mphamvu zosaletsedwa, ziphuphu zimakhala ngozi. Zimenezi zingasiyane ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama za anthu mochenjera ndi mitundu ina monga kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama polemba ntchito kapena kukondera m'mapangano. Ziphuphu zimawononga chidaliro cha anthu ndipo zimalepheretsa anthu kugwirizana. Njira zoonekera bwino, monga malamulo otsegulira, kusimba poyera, ndi uyang’aniro waumwini, n’zofunika kwambiri kuti mphamvu zisagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Kulimbana ndi Kusintha Maganizo

Kulimbana ndi mphamvu kuli magwero ofala a nkhondo za m'chitaganya. Pamene magulu aŵiri azindikira kuti zofuna zawo nzotsutsana — mwachitsanzo, anthu okhalako kwanthaŵi yaitali akulimbana ndi atsopano, kapena eni malo okhala ndi otetezera malo okhala ndi ogwirizana ndi pulogalamu. Mphamvu zimenezi zingakule kukhala malunji, kuukira kwaumwini, ndi kugaŵanika. Mabungwe aluso ndi mphamvu zolamulira angathandize kusintha mkangano kukhala kukambitsirana kopindulitsa. Mfungulo ndiyo kuchoka ku chipambano cha kupambana ndi kuwonana ndi njira yogwirizana kumene mitundu yambiri ya mphamvu imadziŵika ndi kuŵerengedwa.

Kutsutsa Kusintha ndi Kupsinjika

Akanema amphamvu kaŵirikaŵiri amakhala ndi chikondwerero chotsimikizirika cha kusunga mkhalidwewo. Ngakhale pamene chitaganya chifunikira kusintha mowonekera bwino — monga kukonzanso malamulo achikale kapena kubwezeretsa m'malo a anthu onyalanyazidwa — awo amene amapindula ndi dongosolo lamakono angatsutse. Kutsutsa kumeneku kungatenge mtundu wa kubisa chidziŵitso, kuchedwa zosankha, kapena kunyoza ochirikiza kusintha. Kuleka kumeneku kumafuna kukulitsa mphamvu yolimba kuti apange malo okwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa kusintha. Malo amene amagwirizanitsa osunga mitandadza yosiyanasiyana angayambitse chitse chitsenderezo chimenechi.

Kupatsa Mphamvu Anthu: Kuthandiza Kusintha Zinthu Mwanzeru

Mphamvu ndiyo njira imene anthu amalamulira miyoyo yawo ndi zosankha zimene zimawayambukira. M’chitaganya, kupatsidwa mphamvu sikuli kanthu koperekedwa ndi awo okhala ndi mphamvu; ndiko kanthu kena konenedwa ndi komangidwa pamodzi. Maluso ogwira ntchito a mphamvu amalongosola mbali zowoneka, zobisika, ndi zosaoneka za mphamvu.

Maphunziro ndi Ntchito Yake

Chidziŵitso ndi mtundu wa mphamvu. Anthu amene amapanga maphunziro a boma, kupita patsogolo kwa utsogoleri, ndi luso la zopangapanga amakonzekeretsa ziŵalo zawo kukhala ndi phande logwira ntchito. Makampani a mmene angayendetsere boma lakumaloko, kumvetsetsa bajeti, kapena kugwirira ntchito ndizo ziŵiya zothandiza. Mwachitsanzo, ntchito ya John Pappacta [1] imagogomezera mmene maphunziro ogwirizana ndi ntchito zaunyinji angathandizire anthu kuzindikira ndi kutsutsa mphamvu yosaoneka. Nyumba ya ntchito imaphatikizaponso kukonzekera nkhondo, zoulutsira nkhani za nyuzi, ndi kuyendetsa ntchito zachuma kotero kuti atsogoleri audzu angachirikize zoyesayesa zawo pa nthaŵi yaitali.

Ntchito Zothandiza ndi Zothandiza

Kusintha mphamvu kumafuna kusintha mmene zosankha zimachitikira. Kupanga bajeti, jaji ya anthu, kuona malo, ndi kugwirizanitsa njira zonse zogawira mphamvu zambiri kwa anthu okhalamo. Njira zimenezi ziyenera kulinganizidwa kuti zikhale zophatikiza, osati zongopeka. Izi zimatanthauza kupereka chisamaliro ku zopinga zonga chilankhulo, kulemba ndi kuŵerenga, zoyendera, ndi kusamalira ana. Zimatanthauzanso kupatsa otengamo mbaliwo ulamuliro weniweni pa zosankha zatanthauzo, osati zaing'ono chabe. Pamene anthu aona kuti zoloŵetsedwa zawo zili ndi chiyambukiro chenicheni, lingaliro lawo la kulinganiza ndi kudzipereka kwawo limakula.

Utsogoleri Wogwira Mtima ndi Mphamvu Zogwirizana

Atsogoleri amakono kaŵirikaŵiri amayang'anira mphamvu mwa munthu mmodzi kapena kagulu kakang'ono. Utsogoleri wapamwamba umagaŵira mphamvu kwa anthu osiyanasiyana ovuta, kumanga ubale waubwenzi mmalo mwa kutsatizana kwa lamulo limodzi. Magulu a chitaganya, makomiti oyendetsa, ndi maofesi a utsogoleri amodzi amapanga mbali zambiri za chisonkhezero. Kupanga zimenezi nkofunika kwambiri makamaka m'madera amene palibe gulu limodzi limene limayankha mafunso onse. Utsogoleri waluso umafunikira kukhulupirira, kudzichepetsa, ndi kufunitsitsa kugawana ngongole. Kukhoza kukhala kochedwetsa kuposa kupanga zosankha zopambana, koma kumatulutsa zotulukapo zolimba chifukwa chakuti anthu ambiri ali ndi chiwopsezo m’ka cha chipambano.

Mawu Ochititsa Kuwombana ndi Kusiyana kwa Malo

Mphamvu iyenera kulongosola momveka bwino njira zimene mphamvu imalinganizidwira ndi fuko, kagulu, thangata, luso, ndi zina. Lingaliro la kulekana, loyambitsidwa ndi katswiri wa zamalamulo Kimberlé Crenshaw, limatikumbutsa kuti anthu amayang'anizana ndi mitundu yambiri, mitundu yotsatizana ya kutsendereza. Maprogramu ndi malamulo amene amayang'anira ziŵalo zonse za mudzi kukhala ndi chokumana nacho chimodzimodzi adzalephera awo amene amayang'anizana ndi zopinga zosiyana. Kupanga kopambana kwa utsogoleri wa awo oyambukiridwa kwambiri ndi chisalungamo. Zimenezi zingaphatikizepo mipando yopanga mipando ya oimira mitu ya anthu kuchokera kumadera opatulidwa, kupereka ziŵiro zomangira ntchito za ku mayanjano a mbiri yakale, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chilungamo kubweretsa mavuto.

Kumaliza

Mphamvu siiri yachibadwa; ndi chiŵiya chimene chingagwiritsiridwe ntchito kaamba ka ufulu kapena ulamuliro. Kwa anthu ofuna kupambana, cholinga si kuchotsa mphamvu koma kuigaŵira molingana ndi kuigwiritsira ntchito. Zimenezi zimafuna chisamaliro chosatha kwa amene ali ndi mphamvu, mmene amaigwiritsira ntchito, ndi amene amasiyidwa. Mwakumvetsetsa mbali zambiri za mphamvu, kuzindikira mphamvu yake kaamba ka chilengedwe ndi chiwonongeko, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito njira zake zomangira gulu, anthu angadzisinthe kukhala malo kumene nzika zonse zili ndi mawu atanthauzo ndi gawo loyenera. Ntchitoyo siimaliza, koma siimatha kumbali iliyonse ya mphamvu yogawana, imapangitsa anthu kukhala amphamvu, olimba, okhoza, ndi okhoza kupambana, ndi owonjezereka.