Intangiriro: Gusobanukirwa ubutware bushyize mu gaciro

Bya UMWIKUBE ni Rimwe Bya i in Isano mpuzamahanga na Bijyanye na politiki., i Ikwirakwiza Bya UMWIKUBE mu bihugu Cyangwa Abakinnyi babuza abantu bamwe na bamwe kugena na Ibindi. Bya A Gupima — Gusunika Kuri Kuri, i Bya iyi.,,,,, na ku i UMWIKUBE Kuri Gusobanura, na i Bya i Mpuzamahanga Sisitemu Mpuzamahanga. iyi ni ya: na Abigisha bashakishake i Bya Ibyifuzo by'ubwihinduzi, Kuva: i Bya i Bya Ingufuzo by' imigabane.

Bya UMWIKUBE ni OYA A BIHAMYE A Na: Amahinduka in,, na. Byombi Nka A Umwirondoro: Bya na Nka A ya: [[: 0% S] [[: 1] Kuri. Imizi,, na BIGEZWEHO Porogaramu, Twebwe i Imisusire & kde: 1].

Amateka: Kuva mu Bugiriki bwa kera kugeza mu ntambara y’ishyaka ryo mu rwego rw’isukari

in

Bya UMWIKUBE Bya i BIGEZWEHO Leta i BIGEZWEHO Sisitemu., i Umujyi - Amataruka Bya, na na Kuri Icyo ari cyo cyose Rimwe Kuva: i Ibindi:. [[: 0% S]] Bya i [[:] na i UMWIKUBE Bya [:] [:] na i UMWIKUBE Bya — A Bisanzwe Bya Imyifatire., in, i in i in i [[:] [:] Bigyanye i [:] na [:] [:] [] [A] [:] [A] A Bya Isano: [, A, A, A, ni A, na Byose ni A.

Amahoro y’i Westphalie n’iterambere ry’ibihugu by’Ikirenga

Igitekerezo cyo muri iki gihe cy'ubutegetsi bwiganje mu gihe cy'amajyaruguru cyaje gushyirwaho nyuma y'Amahoro y’i Westphalie mu mwaka wa 1648, cyahagaritse Intambara y'Imyaka Mirongo Mitatu, gishyiraho ihame ry'ubutegetsi bwa leta. Abategetsi b’u Burayi basobanukiwe ko nta butegetsi bw’ikirenga bw’igihugu kimwe —⁠ yaba aba Habsburgs, u Bufaransa, cyangwa Ubwami bw’Abaroma Byera —⁠ bwari bugomba kwiganje muri ako karere. Ibinyejana byakurikiyeho byagiye bishyirwaho imihati myinshi kugira ngo habeho isoko: Ihuriro ry’Abavanze mu Burayi, Inama Mpururu ya Vienna mu mwaka wa 1815, na Concert of Uburayine.

Bavuye mu Bwami Bajya mu Ntambara z’Isi Yose

Mu kinyejana cya 19 habayeho ukwiyongera kw'ibihugu n'ikwirakwira ry'ubwami, byaruhije ishyira mu gaciro. Sisitemu y'Amasezerano y'u Burayi yashatse kwitandukanya Ubufaransa no kuzigama amahoro, ariko nyuma y'aho,. Byanzwe n'ubutware bwagiye bitera imbere, byatumye hatangizwa Intambara y'Isi Yose. Umuhanga w'amateka Paul Kennedy , inzego zikomatanya na zatumye intambara zihinduka impanuka ry'isi yose. Intambara y'Amahanga yagerageje gusimbuza ibihugu bya politiki n'umutekano, ariko byananiwe kubuza ko Intambara ya II y'isi yose yatangiye.

Intambara yo Gusuhuzanya: Gushyira mu gaciro mu bihe bigoranye

Intambara yo mu Ruhuzu yatangiye ingero zigaragara cyane z'ubutegetsi bufite uburinganire mu buryo bworoheje: uburyo bwo gukemura imitwe butegeka Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika na Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti. Ubutegetsi bw'Ikinyabuhanga bwarundanyije ibirwa bya kirimbuzi, bwubaka amasezerano ya gisirikare (NATO na Varsaw Pact), kandi buhiganyirizanya inze imyitwarire yo gushyirirana mu mu mubumbe wose. Inyigisho y'ubutegetsi bwize (MAD) yatumye habaho ubusumbane butari bufite imbaraga bufatiwe n'amategeko, ariko butajeganje bwabuzaganyirije intambara hagati y'ibihugu bibiri. Nyamara kandi ishyamirano muri Koreya, muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika, Afélitani, na mu yindi, yagaragaje ukuntu imyifatizo yashoboraga gutsindwa n’amaganwa y’amakuru.

Ibitekerezo by’Ubutegetsi Bushyize mu Gaciro

Ifashayobora i na Bya - Bya -. Bya i:

Ukubaho nyakuri: Imihati ikomeye yo kurokoka

, i, i Bizwi cyane nka Ishingiro Cyangwa Byaremwe na Kenneth Waltz, i Sisitemu mpuzamahanga ni i < Urwego: = "Izina ry' ukoresha" > < / > — ni Oya Leta y'ubwikunde Kuri. < Urwego: = "Izina ry' ukoresha" > < / > < Urwego: = "Izina ry' ukoresha" > < / >. < Urwego: = "Ibikorana" > < / > < Urwego: = "Ibikorana" > < / > < Urwego:" > < Urwego: = "-" > < / > < Urwego:" > < Urwego:" > < Urwego: = "Ibikorana n' umutungo" > < / > < / > < Urwego: > < / > < / > < / > < Urwego: = "Ibikorana:" > < / > < / > < / > < / > < / > < / > < / > < / > < / > < / > < / > < / > < / >, < / > < / > < / > < / >, < / > < / > < / > < / > < >,kuno >

Umudendezo: Gufatanya n’Amashyirahamwe

, ku Bijyanye n'imyitwarire mpuzamahanga, nka na Woodrow Wilson, ishyira mu gaciro y'igihagararo cy'igihangange bishyizwe mu rwego rw'ubufatanye, amategeko mpuzamahanga, na tewolojiya. Amatangarubanza amwe n' Uduciro amwe n'amwe, atuma ibyifuzo by'ubukungu birushaho gusunika impamvu za gukira. Nka i Umuryango w' Mpuzamahanga utanga impagararo ya: na Imikemurire, ku buryo bwo gutangira gutegeka ubutware mu mahoro. Abahanzi ntibahakana ko imyifatire y'ubutegetsi, bemera ko ihindura imyifatire y'isi yose igendananira hamwe na yo kurema itegeko mpuzamahanga.

:,, na

i Bya na. i Gupima Bya UMWIKUBE ni OYA A Bikomoka ku Bisangiwe,, na. Urugero:, i ni Guhindura... KURI Igihe. Impera Bya i, Akadomo, OYA A Igisubizo Bya Ibintu, Bya i Bya na.: Gicurasi OYA Cyangwa.

Bya

Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika n’U Bushinwa: Ubushyamirane bw’Ubutegetsi Bushya

Ikinyabugeni gifite umwanya uhanitse n'ubutware bwihuse ni irushanwa hagati ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika na U Bushinwa. Mu myaka mirongo ibiri ishize, iterambere ryihuse mu by'ubukungu no mu bya gisirikare ryabaye iterambere ryihuse ryihuse mu rwego rw'isi yose. Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika, kuva kera na rindi riba rishya rishya rirwanya imyitwarire yaryo muri Aziya na kure. Ishyamirano igaragara mu mashyamirano ashingiye ku bucuruzi, inzegonde z'abasirikare, na za gisirikare mu Nyanja y'Amajyepfo y'Amajyepfo. Abahanga benshi bavuga ko iyi gahunda iteranya nk'imyifatire ya Cyanya y'Ubushinwa ari imwe mu bihugu bishyamiramiranya.

Umuryango w’Abanyaburayi: Gushyira mu gaciro no kutabogama

i ITSINDA RY' ABAVUNUZI A ITSINDA RY' IMIBARE C., i Byaremwe Sisitemu Cyo nyine UMWIKUBE ni Bisangiwe na Inzego , i Umutekano. By' imbere y' imbere ni Biturutse Amasezerano, Bijyanye n'umutungo, na Ikiganiro cya gihanga., i Nka UMWIKUBE NTANGA NTANGA NUBWO GUKOMOKA GUKOMERA MU GITSINDA CYO na., Nka,, Kwigarurira kwa Ubwenegihugu bw' igihugu by'isi, na i Kwaguka kwanze kwa Ubwikuzimu — byagerageje ubushobozi bw'ubwikunga i Kuri Gukomeza A. i Umuryango w' agahato n' ibice by'ubwikuzimu.

Indyane z’akarere n’Ibyihutishanyishwa

Ikirango cy’Ingufu gisumba ibindi, i Bya UMWIKUBE in Igenamiterere:

  • [[: 0% S] [[[: 1] Ihivanga hagati na Iran — Rimwe A, i Ikindi A Gihea tewokarasi — Porogisi in Yemeni, Siriya, Iraki, na Lebanoni.
  • [[: 0% S]:[[: 1] na Birebire - KURI ni A Bisanzwe - Bya - UMWIKUBE, ku. Ibijyanye n'ubwishyu na Na: i. i.
  • [[:] [[: 1] Porogaramu ni A Kuri i, Kuva:, na i.
  • [[A] Africa: Ishyirahamwe ry’Afurika n’imiryango y’ubukungu y’akarere nka ECOWAS, bikorana kugira ngo bishobore guhangana n’ihungabana ry’ubukungu, ariko ubukungu butari bufite imbaraga mu bihugu —⁠ urugero nko hagati ya Nijeriya n’abaturanyi baho —⁠ buzana imyitwaramo idacogora.

Uruhare rw’imiryango Mpuzamahanga

Imiryango mpuzamahanga ishinzwe imishinga y’imikino igamije gushyikirana n’ubutegetsi, bushyize mu gaciro, kandi rimwe na rimwe, ishyiraho imikorere y’ubushyamirane, umutekano wunze ubumwe, n’imyitwarire ishobora gutuma ubusumbane butahinduka ubushyamirane bwibonekeza.

Umuryango w’Abibumbye

, Na: Bihoraho Abayobozi UMWIKUBE, ni A Bya i Imva - II Isaha Bya UMWIKUBE. i Imiterere ni, i A ya: Umutekano na. A Inshingano in -, Nka Gihinguranya i Kuri (), Kuri Guhuza Leta Na:.

Na

, Ishyirahamwe ry'Amasezerano y'Amajyaruguru ya Atlantike (NATO) ni itsinda rya gisirikare ryishyize hamwe ubutegetsi bw'ubutegetsi binyuriye ku kwirwanaho kw'itsinda ryifatiwe hamwe. Ayatangiwe kurwanya Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti, yakomeje nyuma y'Intambara yo guharanira Igitsure na yagutse mu burasirazuba, yandurira mu Burusiya. Ishyirahamwe ry'ishyirahamwe ry'ingirwaburyo rigaragaza ko rirwanya ibitero () ribuzanya ubwugambwe kugeramiye umuntu uwo ari we wese mu Burayi bw’iburengerazuba, hakubiyemo n'ibirwa bya gisirikare bya gisirikare, ni urugero rugaragara rw’ingirwaburyo ku buryo bwo kurwanya ibitero byo kurwana byaturutse mu Burusiya.

Indi miryango

Imiryango y'akarere nka Afurikaniya, Umuryango w'Amahanga yo mu Bumanuko bushira Ubuseruko bwa Aziya (ASCE), na Ishyirahamwe ry'Ibihugu by'Amajyepfo ya Amerika (OAS) bifasha kuganirizanya n'igenzura ibihugu. Amashyirahamwe y'ubukungu, urugero nk'Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Ikicuruzi (WTO) na international Monetary Fund (IMF) na yo, na yo ahindura imbaraga z'ubutware binyuriye mu gushyiraho amategeko agenga ubucuruzi n'ibijyanye n'ubukungu. Ariko kandi, kugira ingaruka zikomeye biterwa n’ubushake bwimyifatire yo ku buryo bwo gukurikiza ayo mategeko.

Ibibazo byo kugabanya ubutware

, i Ishinga Bya UMWIKUBE Ingirwabuhanga in Bya in Bya i Bya i Bya i & Bya kure: na & Rusange, i - Bya kure: Urugero ku.

Amafaranga aterana n’imyifatire yo guhindura ibintu mu buryo bukabije

Iterambere ry'ubukungu bw’u Bushinwa, U Buhindi, Burezili, n’ubundi butunguranye, nubwo kuba ibihugu bishya bikorana mu buryo bwinshi bishobora kuba bihuje n’ibitekerezo, nanone bituma umubare w'ibihugu binini bishobora kuba bifite ubushobozi bwo gukwirakwira birushaho kwiyongera.

state

Amatsinda nka - na,, na UMWIKUBE OYA i Leta - Bya -. - Leta Gihinguranya,, Cyangwa. A Leta A Uturango Gicurasi OYA Kuri Gupima in i Leta. ku Ubwisubire, ya: Urugero:, in.

Ibibazo by’isi yose: Ihinduka ry’ikirere n’iby’ubutaka

Nka Guhindura..., na Gusimbuka Impera na. A Zeru - Bya - ni - Kuri. Urugero, Byose; NIBA Rimwe Leta Kuri Inyungu A ku Igikorwa, i & Rusange., i - 19 Igika Umutekano ni A. nka i () Kuri, ku - UMWIKUBE.

Iterambere rya za orudinateri n’ubuhanga bushya bw’ikoranabuhanga

i Bya UMWIKUBE ku ATARIIGIHARWE Gitoya Na: A. Bya Kuri, (in), na Ibindi:. Nka,, na IPAJINI i Bya UMWIKUBE. Umuvuduko na Bya IPAJI YA 2 GITO Ubwoko Kuri A, Nka Ku ni na.

Umwanzuro: Impamvu hari ibintu by’ingenzi muri iki gihe bifitanye isano no gushyira mu gaciro ku birebana n’ubutware

Gupima hagati y'imyitwarire n'imyifatire mpuzamahanga, ni cyo gifasha cyane mu birebana no kumenya imishyikirano mpuzamahanga.

, i Gupima Bya UMWIKUBE ni OYA A. Gutunganya, na A Bya. A Bya, - Icyongereza, na & Rusange, i Urugero na Gishya,, na Igikorwa. ni OYA Kuri Gupima UMWIKUBE, Cyangwa Kuri. i Gupima Ubutware — Urutonde,, na Bya none —