Table of Contents
The United States Senate is a key component of the federal government, playing a vital role in the legislative process. Understanding how the Senate functions can help voters make informed decisions during elections and understand the political landscape better.
Senate Composition
The Senate consists of 100 members, with each state represented by two senators regardless of population size. Senators serve six-year terms, with elections staggered so that approximately one-third of the Senate is up for election every two years.
Senate Responsibilities
The Senate shares legislative powers with the House of Representatives. It approves treaties, confirms presidential appointments such as judges and cabinet members, and conducts impeachment trials for federal officials. A two-thirds majority is required to convict in an impeachment trial.
Election and Voting
Senators are elected directly by voters in each state. To win, candidates usually need a simple majority of votes. Voter turnout for Senate elections varies but tends to be lower than for presidential elections, impacting the overall representation.
- Each state has two senators.
- Senators serve six-year terms.
- Senate confirms presidential appointments.
- Senators participate in impeachment trials.