history-of-democracy-and-civic-life
Basa Rako Muhurumende Inosarudzwa Navanhu
Table of Contents
Basa Rako Muhurumende Inosarudzwa Navanhu
Mutoro weCovic iboka uye basa rimwe nerimwe ravagari vemo kutora rutivi mukudzora nokunatsiridzwa kwenzanga yavo. Mutsika yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu, uyu murangariro hausati uri chikarakadzo bedzi asi shongwe yakavakirwa inotsigira utano nourefu hwehurumende. Apo vagari vemo vanonzwisisa ndokugamuchira mitoro yavo yehurumende, vanova nechokwadi chokuti hurumende inoramba iripo yavanhu, navanhu, uye nokuda kwavanhu. Nyaya ino inogovera kunzvera kwakakwana uko mutoro wehurumende unoreva, chikonzero nei ichiita kuti ive, uye kuti munhu ari wose anogona sei kubetsera nokushingaira kutsigira utongi hunosarudzwa navanhu hunobudirira.
Kurondedzera Mutoro Wechiviri
Mutoro weCovic unonongedzera kuzviito nezvimiro zvinoraira mitezo yenzanga kuti ichengete nzanga inoshanda uye yakarurama. Ibasa ravagari vemo kuremekedza mutemo, kutora rutivi muupenyu hwavose, uye kushanda kuzvakanaka zvakafanana. Kusafanana namabasa apamutemo akadai sokubhadhara mitero kana kuti kubatira padare rinobetsera vatongi, mutoro wehurumende unowanzova wokuzvidira asi wakadzika midzi zvikuru mutsika dzehurumende.
Pamutoro wavanhu, mutoro wehurumende unobatanidza zvose zviri zviviri kururama pakati pamaruramiro nemabasa ndizvo zvinopa utongi hwazvo. [[FLT:] maruramiro okuvhota [[FLT:] na[FLT]] . Ita kuti maruramiro nemabasa zvivepo. [[FLT:] American Band [[FLT]] isimbise, kunzwisisa idzi maruramiro nemitoro zvinokosha nokuda kwezvigaro zvavanhu zvinozivikanwa.
Mavambo Enhau Omutoro Webasa Romubatanidzwa
Murangariro womutoro wehurumende unovambira shure kuGirisi yakare neRoma, uko vagari vemo vaikarirwa kutora rutivi mumagungano avose, kubatira muhondo, uye kubetsera kugarikano yeguta. Aristotle nenzira yakakurumbira akapikisa kuti kuva mugari wemo anoshingaira kwakanga kuchikosha nokuda kwokuwana upenyu hwakanaka. MuRiphabliki yeRoma, machivita akabatanidza maruramiro namabasa avagari vemo, uye vanhu vakafanana naCicero vakanyora zvikuru pamusoro pomusengwa wetsika wokubatira hurumende.
Muhurumende dzinosarudzwa navanhu dzazvino uno, pfungwa yomutoro wehurumende yakatangwa pamwe chete nokukura kwekodzero dzokuvhota uye rusununguko rwevagari vemo. Vazivi veNjereso, zvikurukuru John Locke naJean-Jacques Rousseau, vakaisa hwaro hwerondedzero yebvumirano yenzanga ya(8) pfungwa yokuti vagari vemo vanobvuma kutevera mitemo mukutsinhana dziviriro nebetsero. Chibvumirano ichi chinoreva kuti munhu mumwe nomumwe ane mutoro wokutsigira tsika inodzivirira rusununguko rwake. Nhasi, marudzi akafanana neUnited States, United Kingdom, uye vamwe vazhinji vanoisa mutoro wehurumende mugadziriro dzavo dzedzidzo nehurukuro dzavo dzavo dzavo dzavo.
Chikonzero Nei Mutoro Wechiviri Uchikosha Nokuda Kwoutongi Hwose
Kuzvidira hakudi kubatanidzwa kwokushingaira kuvanhu vanoziva. Apo vagari vemo vanoregeredza mabasa avo omunharaunda, gadziriro yacho inogona kuderera.Hezvi zvikonzero zvikuru nei mutoro wehurumende uchikosha:
- Kuzvidavirira:[ Kuvimbisana kweChibiko kunozvidavirira kuvakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa. Pasina kutora rutivi, zvikurukuru vhoti] vakuru vakuru vehurumende vanganzwa vachigombedzerwa kumirira fariro dzavamiriri vavo.
- Hurumende inoratidza kuda kwavanhu inorangarirwa kuva yapamutemo. Mwero yakakwirira yokutora rutivi inosimbisa gadziriro ndokuderedza ngozi yokudzokera kudzokororwa kwamasimba masimba.
- Sacial Cohesion: kushanda pamwe chete panhau dzenzanga kunovaka kuvimbana nokunzwisisana pakati pamapoka akasiyana- siyana. Iri dzimbahwe renzanga rinokosha nokuda kwokugarisana kune rugare.
- Chinogadziridza: Vagari vemo vanobatanidzwa vanounza zivo yomunzvimbomo nemifungo yakasiana kuchinetso, kuchitungamirira kumiitiro inobudirira zvikuru neinobatanidza.
Nzvero inobva mumanyuko akafanana ne Pew Research Center nguva dzose inoratidza kuti marudzi ane bvumirano dzakakwirira dzehurumende yavagari vemo anowanzova namasangano akasimba zvikuru edemocracy nemwero yakakwirira yegutsikano yavose. batano pakati pomutoro wehurumende yehurumende hairambiki noutano hwedemocracy.
Marudzi Omutoro Webiko
Mutoro webic unogona kuiswa mumarudzi maviri akafara: mandation uye kusingazvidi hako. Kunzwisisa zvose zviri zviviri kunobetsera vagari vemo kunzwisisa ukuru hwebasa ravo.
Mitoro Yemitoro
Kukundikana kuzviita kunogona kuguma nezvirango zvepamutemo. Mienzaniso inosanganisira:
- [ Kuisa mutemo: Kutevera mitemo yomunzvimbomo, hurumende, uye yehurumende chinodikanwa chikuru chougari hwemo.
- [[[FOL:0] Kubhadhara mitero:[ Mari yemitero yavose yakadai sezvikoro, migwagwa, uye dziviriro yenyika.
- Kubatira padare rinobetsera vatongi: Kodzero kukutonga kwakarurama inotsamira pavagari vemo vanodisa kubatira savatongi vasingasaruri.
- Kunyoresa nokuda kwebasa rakasarudzwa (mudzimwe nyika): muUnited States, vagari vemo vechirume vane makore 18-25 vanofanira kunyoresa neSarudzo yeBasa.
Mitoro Yokuzvidira
Kunyange zvazvo zvisiri pamutemo, zviito izvi zvinokosha kuti pave nehurumende inosarudzwa nevanhu yakasimba, inoratidza kuzvipira kuva mugari wemo:
- [[FLT: 0] Kuvhota:[[FLT: 1] Nzvimbo yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu, kuvhota kunobvumira vagari vemo kusarudza vatungamiriri vavo uye muitiro wepesvedzero.
- [[FT:0] Kugara uchiziva: Kutevera nhau, manyuko eidi, uye kunzwisisa nhau dzavose kunogonesa kuita chisarudzo chakangwara.
- Kupa nguva yokugovera kumabasa enzanga, mibayiro, kana kuti basa ravose kunosimbisa nzanga dzomunzvimbomo.
- [[FLT: 0] Advocacy:[[FLT: 1] Kutaura pamusoro penhau, kuonana navakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa, uye kutora rutivi mukuramba kworugare kunoparira chinjo yenzanga.
- Kudzidzisa vamwe: Kugoverana zivo pamusoro pekodzero dzomunharaunda nemitoro, zvikurukuru nezvizvarwa zviduku, kunokurudzira tsika yokuvimbisana.
Nzira Dzinokosha Dzokugoverana Mubasa Romubato
Vanhu vakawanda vanoda kuva vagari vemo vakavimbika asi havana chokwadi kuti votanga sei.Pazasi apa pane matanho anogona kuitwa anogona kuita kuti pave nomusiyano chaiwo.
Ronga Zvinosarudzwa Zvose
Kutsinhana ndiyo nzira yakananga zvikurusa yokupesvedzera nayo hurumende. Usazviganhurira umene kusarudza kwapurezidhendi − nzvimbo nehurumende kazhinji kazhinji kune tapuro huru zvikuru paupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Vanonzverwa namatanho okunzvera, uye vanokurudzira shamwari nemhuri kuvhotawo. Kuvhota kwokukurumidza, mapepa okuvhota, uye zvirongwa zvebetsero zvinoita kuti kutora rutivi kuve nyore zvikuru kupfuura nakare kose.
Pinda Misangano Yavose
Kupinda misangano iyi kunogovera nzwisiso muudzori hwomunzvimbomo uye kunobvumira vagari vomunyika kutaura zvinovanetsa. Misangano yakawanda inogoverawo nhambo dzetsinhiro dzavose, chishandiso chine simba chokuita kuti vakuru vakuru vazvidavirire.
Kushanda Munzanga
Kuzvipira nokuda kwebhangi rezvokudya romunzvimbomo, nharaunda yakachena, kana kuti sangano risingapinzi mari rinokurukura zvakananga zvinodikanwa zvenzanga. Kunovakawo batano navagari vemo biyako, kuchisimudzira pfungwa yedonzo rimwe. Dare reNational and Community Service rinopa zvishandiso zvokuwana mikana yokuzvipira inowirirana nevavariro dzehurumende.
Kubatanidzwa Muhurukuro Yavose
Utongi hunosarudzwa navanhu hune utano hunoda kurukurirano yokuremekedza. Kupinda mukurukurirano pamusoro pezvamatongerwe enyika nenhau dzenzanga — kunyange naavo vasingabvumirani nechaunga) kunobetsera kuvandudza pfungwa ndokuvaka nzwisiso. Nhevedzano dzenzanga dzinogona kuva chishandiso chakanaka kana dzikashandiswa nenzira ine mufungo; goverana mashoko akavimbika uye kudzivisa kuparadzira mashoko akavimbika.
Ona Vamiriri Vako
Kunyora, kudana, kana kuti kutumira tsamba vakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa pamusoro penhau dzine chokuita nechinhu chiri chimiro chakananga chokunyengera. Shandisa pfuma yakafanana ne USA.gov's raunosarudza vakuru vakuru kuti vawane vamiriri vako. Nhau dzomunhu oga uye zvakajeka, zvikumbiro zvinorangarirwa zvinoshanda zvikuru.
Shanda Muboka Kana Kuti Mubasa
Hurumende dzakawanda dzomunzvimbomo dzinovimba navazvipiri vevagari vemo kuti vabatire pamapuranga, mahofisi, kana kuti pamatare okuronga. aya mapoka anopesvedzera zvisarudzo pakuronga, mapaka, maraibhurari, uye zvakawanda.
Basa Redzidzo Mukuronga Mutoro Webasa Romubatanidzwa
Zvikoro zvedzidzo zvinodzidzisa vadzidzi kwete bedzi kuronga hurumende asiwo tsika dzokuita basa rehurumende, kushivirira, uye kuita basa renzanga.
Icho Zvikoro Zvinogona Kuita
- Vadzidzi vanofanira kudzidza nezveBumbiro remitemo, mapazu matatu ehurumende, kusarudzwa, uye kodzero uye mabasa okugara munyika.
- Kutsoropodza kufunga: kunzvera nhau, kunzvera manyuko, uye kukurukura mifungo yakasiana - siana kunogadzirira vadzidzi kuva vatengi vanonzwisisa mashoko.
- Zvirongwa zvebasa zvinodzorwa nemikana: Sarudzo dzakatsaurwa, hurumende yavadzidzi, miedzo inosekwa, uye zvirongwa zvebasa renzanga zvinounza mifungo yenzanga kuupenyu.
- Kunyora nokunyora zvinobudisa nhau: Munhambo yemashoko asina kururama, kudzidzisa vadzidzi nzira yokunzvera maidi nokuzivisa rusaruro kunokosha nokuda kwougari hwemo hwakaziviswa.
Kukurukura zviitiko zviri kuitika pamba, kutora vana kuti vavhote, uye kuvabatanidza mubasa rokuzvipira ndiko kunoita kuti vazogarawo pamwe chete.
Kugara Munzvimbo Yenyika Nebasa Rokuroorana Muzana Remakore Rechi21
Kuwedzera kwemakombiyuta uye mapurogiramu epaIndaneti kwachinja mararamiro evanhu panyaya dzezvematongerwo enyika uye nzanga dzavo.
Mikana
- Pamubatanidzwa wezvikumbiro nenhimbe dzokunyengera: Plat sy Crue.org inobvumira vagari vemo kuunganidza tsigiro nokuda kwezvisakiso nokukurumidza.
- Access kumashoko: mawebsite eHurumende, zvinobudisa nhau zvakazvimirira, uye masero okunyorera anoita kuti zvive nyore zvikuru kuvanoda kunzvera uye miitiro.
- Dzimba dzemataundi: vakuru vakuru vazhinji zvino vanoita misangano paIndaneti, zvichiita kuti kutora rutivi kuve nyore zvikuru kuavo vane mikana yokufamba kana kuti kuganhurirwa kwenguva.
- Chiito chezvinobudisa nhau:[[FLT]] Tsvene nenzvimbo dzinoiswa utachiona zvinogona kumutsa kuziva uye kuita kuti chinjo panhau kubva kuchinjo yemamiriro okunze kusvikira kururamisiro yenzanga.
Matambudziko
- Mis- uye mashoko okusabvumirana: mashoko enhema anopararira nokukurumidza paIndaneti, achivhiringidza vavhoti nokubvisa chivimbo mumasangano edemocracy.
- makamuri ezvisaririra zvenhau: maarufabheti enzanga anowanzoratidza vashandisi bedzi zvinobatanidzwa zvinosimbisa zvitendero zvavo zviripo, kuderedza kuva pedyo nemirangariro yakasiana - siana.
- [ Kushambadzwa nechepfu: hurukuro yapaUniversition inogona kuva isingadzoreki, inoodza mwoyo kutora rutivi mumapoka akaganhurirwa.
- Zvinonetsa: kuongorora nokuvhura mashoko kunogona kuita kuti vagari vemo vazeze kupinda muInternet.
Vanhu vanoshandisa michina yemagetsi vanotanga vaongorora mashoko vasati vataura, vanotanga vataura vachiremekedzana, uye vanoshandisawo ruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu kuti vasawadzane pane kuti vawedzere kuataura.
Kukurira Zvipingamupinyi Zvokubatanidzwa
Pasinei zvapo nevavariro dzakanakisisa, vagari vemo vakawanda vanotarisana nemhinganidzo dzinovadzivisa kuita mitoro yavo yehurumende.
Zvipingamupinyi Zvinowanzovapo
- [[FT:0] Tsvaka uye kusanzwisisa: Kunzwa kuti inzwi romunhu harina basa kana kuti zvematongerwe enyika zvakashata zvinogona kutungamirira kukurega. Ikoku kazhinji kazhinji kunoparirwa nokusada kana kuti kushaikwa kwedzidzo yehurumende.
- Mitemo yenguva: Basa, mhuri, uye mimwe misengwa zvinosiya nzvimbo duku nokuda kwemibato yehurumende. Kuita kuti kutora rutivi kuve kwakapfava zvikuru (imo, kuvhota, misangano yamadekwana) kubetsere.
- Mhinganidzo dzemari:[[FT:1] Vanhu vanowana mari shoma vangashaiwa zvinhu zvokuzvipira kana kuti kupa, uye mitemo yemuvhoti inogona kuvatapura zvikuru.
- [ Mutauro nokunyora: magwaro apamutemo nezvishandiso zvokuvhota zvinowanzowanika bedzi mumitauro mikuru, kunze kwavatauri vasiri vorumwe rudzi.
- Kuwanika: nzvimbo dzokuvhota, mawebsite, uye misangano yavose zvingasava zvinosvikika zvizere kuvanhu vakaremara.
- Kusavimbana kunopanikirwa: nzanga dzakatarisana norusaruro rwegadziriro ingasavimba masangano ehurumende ndokudzivisa kuvimbisana.
Mhinduro
Vanhu nehurumende vanogona kutora matanho okuderedza zvipingamupinyi:
- Kunyoresa kwokuvhota kuri nyore: kunyoresa kwokuzvidira kana kuti kwezuva rimwe chete kunowedzera kunyoresa.
- Kushandisa betsero yomutauro: Marock emitauro mizhinji, vaturikiri pamisangano, uye zvinhu zvinoshandurwa zvinoita kuti kutora rutivi kuve kwakaenzana zvikuru.
- Kukurumidza nokuvhota tsamba: Kugovera nzira dzakawanda dzokuvhota mawiro epurogiramu dzakasiyana - siyana.
- Masangano ehurumende: Mhindu dzisinganangi dzinonangidzira ngwariro padzidzo yomuvhoti, kuronga nzanga, uye kudzora zvinogona kusvika vanhu vakaderera.
- [ Vaka kuvimba kupfurikidza nokuoneka: Hurumende painokurukura pachena ndokutevera zvipikirwa, vagari vemo vane bviro huru yokupinda.
Uduku Nemutoro Wechikwata: Kusakurira Chizvarwa Chinotevera
Vanhu vaduku kazhinji kazhinji vanorangarirwa kuva vasingakendengi, asi mashoko anobva kumasangano akafanana ne Nhevedzano nokuda kweInformation and Research on Civic Learning and Incivement [CIRCIREAment) anoratidza kuti kuvimbisana kwepwere kuri kuwedzera, zvikurukuru panhau dzakadai sechinjo yemamiriro okunze neruramisiro. Kubatanidza vagari vaduku pakuvamba kunovaka miitiro youpenyu hwose.
Zvirango Zvokupinda Muzera Rouduku
- Kupa zera rokuvhota: Mamwe madzore anobvumira 16 ne 17 yegore kuvhota muzvisarudzo zvomunzvimbomo, uko kunowedzera apo vanova vakakodzera nokuda kwesarudzo huru.
- Anoita madare epwere: Mapurisa anogona kutanga mitumbi yedzidzo iyo inopa vanhu vaduku inzwi muzvisarudzo zvemiitiro.
- Shandisa zvinobudisa nhau namasangano enzanga:[[FT: 1] Platforms dzakadai seTik Tok neIstagram inzvimbo umo pwere dzinokurukura nhau; nhimbe dzinogona kudzora idzodzi kukurudzira kunyoresa nokusatendeseka.
- [ Kudzidza basa: kubatanidza murayiridzo wedzidzo namabasa omunzanga anodzidzisa unyanzvi hwenzanga mukushanda.
Kusimudzira Mutoro Wevaviri Munzanga Yenyu
Vanhu uye masangano vanogona kutora matanho okutsigira kuvimbisana kunoitwa nehurumende munzvimbo dzavanogara.
Nzanga Yavagamuchiri NeHoro Dzeguta
Misangano yavose yenguva dzose uko vagari vemo vanogona kukurukura nhau, kunzwa kunobva kunyanzvi, uye kusangana navakuru vakuru inoita kuti vanhu vafunge kuti vari pamwe chete.
Ronga Kunyoresa Kwezvikwata Zvemari
Gadza ndandanda dzezvinyoreso pazvinoitika zvenzanga, misika yavarimi, kana kuti nzvimbo dzekoreji. Ipa mashoko asina kubhadharwa pamusoro pemipimo yedanho nedzekunyoresa kuti ubetsere vavhoti kuita zvisarudzo zvakaziviswa.
Shandisa Zvinobudisa Nhau Zvenzanga Zvakanaka
Vavarirai mapoka eFacebook yomunzvimbomo kana kuti purogiramu dzenharaunda dzakatsaurirwa kumashoko ehurumende. Goveranai zviyeuchidzo pamusoro pemisi yesarudzo, kupfupikisa kwemisangano yavose, uye kuzivisa mikana yokuzvipira.
Shandisana Nemafaro Omunzvimbomo
Iva nesangano rakadai seLeague of Women Voters, Rotary Club, kana kuti mamwe mapoka avanhu.
Kuchengeta Zviitwa
Kusimbisa mienzaniso yakanaka kunoita kuti vamwe vatevedzerewo.
mhedziso
Mutoro webic chinhu chinoshingaira chinoshandura muunganidzwa womunhu kuva democracy inokurira. Hakuganhurirwi kuvhota makore mashomanene ari ose; musengwa unopfuurira kurambira, kugovera kunzanga, uye kuva nesimba rokuzvidavirira. mugari wemo ari wose, pasinei zvapo nezera, mari, kana kuti mugariro, ane basa rokuita. Patinoita basa iroro, hatisimbisi hurumende yedu bedzi asiwo zvisungo zvenzanga zvinoita kuti democracy ive yakafanira.
Zvinetso zvinotarisana nehurumende dzinosarudzwa navanhu dzazvino uno($disformation, democracy, unity, ultrust(*) zvinogona kukurira. Asi mhinduro haisati iri mukuzvidzora asi mukuvimbisana kukuru. Nokuzvidzidzisa isu navamwe, kupfurikidza nokutora rutivi muupenyu hwavose, uye kupfurikidza nokuraira kujeka neruramisiro, tinotsigira chipikirwa chokuzvidzora. Utano hwehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu vanotsamira pakudisa vanhuwo zvavo kuita zvinhu zvechienzi: kuva nehanya, kuita chiito, uye kudavira kuti nhau dzavo dzinobatanidzwa.
Saka nguva inotevera yaunokanda kapepa kekuvhota, unopinda musangano wedare rechikoro, kana kuti unozvipira kunogara munzvimbo yaunogara, yeuka kuti uri kuita tsika yagara mazana emakore akapfuura.