Kutarisira utano chinhu chinokosha chinodiwa nevanhu, bva nzira dzokuchiwana nadzo inosiyana zvikuru munyika yose. Basa rehurumende mukuumba kufambidzana kwezvoutano nderimwe remativi anokosha zvikuru uye anoitiranwa nharo egadziriro yavose. Hurumende dzinopesvedzera anenge mativi ose ezvoutano, kubva pakunatsiridza vanachiremba uye kuchengeteka kwemishonga pakutsigira mari yezvipatara uye kutarisirwa kwezvipatara. Kunzwisisa ukuru nokubatanidzwa kwezvoutano uku kunokosha zvikuru kuvagari vemo vanotsvaka kufambisa gadziriro yacho zvakanaka, kutsigira kutarisirwa kwapamutemo, uye kubatanidzwa mumuitiro wehurumende inoumba gadziriro yezvoutano. Nyaya iyi inogovera kunzverwa kwakadzama kuti zvii kunoitwa nemitemo yehurumende, miraudzo yemari inowana, zvinotarisirwa, uye kuti zvinobatsira vanhu vanoshanda sei.

Nheyo Dzehurumende Dzokubatanidzwa Muutano

Ukama pakati pehurumende nezvoutano hahusi chinhu chazvino uno. Munhau yose, hurumende dzakapindira muutano hwevoruzhinji kuti dzidzore nhenda, dzidzore nzira dzokurapa, uye dzakagovera tarisiro kuvarwi nevanonyanyisa. Nguva yazvino yaona kukura kusingaenzaniswi kwebasa iri, kuchisundwa nokuziva kuti utano ichinhu chakanaka chavose uye kuti masimba ebhizimisi oga haagoni kuvimbisa kuwana mukana kana kuti kunaka kwehurumende. Kubatanidzwa kwehurumende kunoruramiswa zvikurukuru nenheyo nhatu dzinokosha: kudikanwa yokudzivirira vanhu vose pakukuvadzwa (g., zvokudya nekotsekateko yokushandisa zvinodhaka), kudikanwa kuvimbisa kururama nokusasarura, uye kudikanwa kwokukwanisa kukwanisa kudzora kupfurikidza nokutenga simba revo.

Marobhoti Okugadzira Zvinhu

Kudzosera kunoumba musimboti wekubatanidzwa kwehurumende. Pasina gadziriro dzakasimba dzokutungamirira, kutarisira utano kwaizova kwakatapurwa nokubiridzira, miitiro isina kukotsekana, uye kusawirirana kwakakomba muvara. Hurumende dzinogadza uye dzinogombedzera mipimo nokuda kwe:

  • Kugamuchira masangano ezvoutano:[[FL:1] maplat ezvokurapa, mabhodhi anonan’anga, uye mimwe miviri inopa uchapupu inogadza zvinodikanwa zvedzidzo nenzvero, ichivimbisa kuti vanhu vanokwanisa bedzi vanogovera tarisiro.
  • Kubatanidzwa kweMirimo neZvishandiso zveMirimo: Zvirongwa zvakafanana neU.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) zvinoyera chengeteko nokushanda kwokurapa kutsva vasati vasvika pamusika. Uyu muitiro wakakomba, nepo pane dzimwe nguva uchinonoka, wakadzivisa ngwavaira dzisingaverengeki.
  • Kushanda kwezvipatara neSafety: chipatara, makiriniki, uye misha inochengeta inofanira kusvitsa mipimo yokushanda nekotsekano, yakabatanidzwa kutora rutivi mumapurogiramu einishuwarenzi yavose yakadai seMedicare neMedicaid.
  • [[NHAU]] Mitemo yakadai seHeal Inshorence Portability and Accounting Act (HIPAA) muUnited States yakagadza mipimo yenyika yokudzivirira mashoko omurwere anotapurika, achipa vanhu vamwe navamwe udzori pamashoko avo outano.
  • Hurumende dzinorondedzera icho varesipodhi kana kuti vakundi vanogona uye havagoni kuita, kubatanidza zvirambidzo pakuramba kufukidzwa kwemigariro nezvinodikanwa zvisati zvavapo zvokufukidza betsero dzoutano dzinokosha.

Iyi mibato inodzorwa, nepo ichitsoropodzwa kazhinji kazhinji nokuda kwokuoma kwayo, inokosha nokuda kwokuchengeta chivimbo mugadziriro yezvoutano nokudzivirira vagari vemo vasina dziviriro. Pasina iyo, varapi vasina kukwaniriswa vangagona kushandisa nenzira yakasununguka, zvinhu zvisina kukotsekana zvingagona kuparira kuvadziko yakapararira, uye varwere vangagona kurasikirwa nokuvandika kwose. Nokuda kwemurangariro wenyika yose pamusoro pemiitiro yakanakisisa, World Health Organization inogovera nhungamiro huru pamipimo youtano nomutemo .]

Kushandisa Mari Nezvitoro

Mari yehurumende ndiyo chinhu chikuru chegadziriro dzamabasa okutarisira utano dzakakwirira zvikurusa. Mashandisire anosarudza hurumende kupinza mari muzvoutano nenzira yakananga anotapura kuwanika. Miitiro mikuru yemari inobatanidza:

  • Mitemo yeInishuwarenzi yapublic Programs: Munyika dzakafanana neUnited Kingdom, Canada, uye U.S. (Medicare, Medicaid, CHIP), hurumende inoshanda somubhadhari wakananga. Mapurogiramu aya ane ngozi muchiverengero chavagari vemo chikuru ndokushandisa simba rokutenga kuti afambise mitengo yakaderera zvikuru namakambani emirimo.
  • Hurumende dzakawanda, kubatanidza U.S. kupfurikidza neAffordhable Care Act, dzinogovera mari kubetsera vanhu vanowana mari kuti vatenge inishuwarenzi yapachivande. Iyi mari inogadzirirwa kuita kuti bhadharo ive inobhadharwa nokuderedza nhamba yavanhu vasina kubhadharwa.
  • Hurumende inopa mari yemitero inotsinhana nezvipatara zvisingapi mari inopa betsero dzenzanga, zvakadai setarisiro yapachena kana kuti yakaderera nokuda kwavarombo. Rukova rwemari rusinganangi
  • [[FLT: 0] Vapfumi neBlock Grants: [[[FT: 1] hurumende dzeFederal dzinowanzoparadzira mari kunyika kana kuti nzvimbo nokuda kwezvinangwa zvakati, zvakadai senzvimbo dzenzanga dzoutano, mabasa outano hwendangariro, kana kuti zvirongwa zvoutano mumaruwa.

Kushanda kweaya mashandiro okushandisa mari kunosiyana. Somuenzaniso, U.S. inopedza mari yakawanda zvikuru pamunhu pautano kupfuura mamwe marudzi akabudirira, bva haisviki miuyo iri nani munyika yose. Mushumo unobva ku Commonweal Fund yeChionir, Mishumo ya2021 unosimbisa kushanda kusina kunaka kwapakusvika, ect, uye kushanda zvakanaka kwehurumende pasinei zvapo nokushandiswa kwakakwirira.

Gadziriro Yakananga Yamabasa

Kupfuura murairo nokushandisa mari, dzimwe hurumende dzine zvipatara zvakananga uye dzinoshandisa zvivako zvezvoutano uye dzinoshandisa vashandi vezvoutano. Uyu muenzaniso wakapararira zvikurusa munyika dzine mubhadhari mumwe kana kuti gadziriro yebasa routano renyika, zvakadai seNational Health Service (NHS) kana kuti U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). Gadziriro yakananga inogovera betsero dzinoverengeka:

  • Access: apo hurumende inoshandisa gadziriro, tarisiro inogadzirwa kuva inowanika kuvagari vose, kwete bedzi avo vane inishuwarenzi chaiyo.
  • Control: zvivako zveHurumende zvakaumbwa zvinogona kushanda pabhajeti dzakarongwa, kuchideredza sundo yokuita miitiro isiri madikanwa.
  • Kuronga: Hurumende inogona kuvaka zvipatara nekiriniki munzvimbo dzakachengetwa, kuvimbisa kuenzana kwenzvimbo.
  • Kubatanidzwa kweNhanho: Gadziriro yakabatanidzwa inogona zviri nani kutarisira kwakarongwa mugadziriro dzehwaro, chaidzoidzo, uye chipatara.

Zvisinei, gadziriro yakananga inotarisanawo nedenho, kubatanidza nguva dzokumirira miitiro yokuvhota, kupindira kwezvamatongerwe enyika muutarisiri, uye gadziriro yavanhu vanobvira yevabureaucracy interia.

Kutanga Kwoutano Hworuzhinji

Zvichida chimiro chinooneka zvikurusa nechakatapura chokubatanidzwa kwehurumende ndechoutano hwavanhu vose. Uku nhano dzinonangidzira ngwariro pakudzivirira vanhu panzvimbo pokurapa kwomunhu mumwe. Mabasa makuru outano hwehurumende anobatanidza:

  • [[CD:0] Kupindura kweTsurveillance neTroff Outruct: Zvirongwa zvakafanana neU.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) hosha dzinotapukira dzinofamba nenzira, mitoo, uye tsinhirano kuzvinoitika zvakadai seCHOVID-19, furuwenza, uye gwirikwiti.
  • [[Nhimbe dzokubvisa tsvina]: Hurumende uye kazhinji kazhinji dzinoraira kudzivirira kwavana, kuchideredza zvikuru kuitika kwehosha dzinodzivisika dzakadai seporiyo, tetanus, uye chikosoro.
  • [[[FLT: 0] Kunopisa Dzidzo nePromentation: nhimbe dzavose dzinokurudzira kusvuta bhekisi, kudya kwakanaka, kushandiswa kwechigaro, uye miitiro yevatano yakakotsekana.
  • [[[NHAU]] Mitemo yeUtano Hwemari: Masangano eHurumende anogadza ganhuriro pamhepo nemvura inoshatiswa, anovimbisa mvura yokunwa yakachena, uye anodzora kukotsekana kwezvokudya.
  • Tsvenetic Disease Prevention: Purogiramu dzokuongorora nokuda kwekenza, chirwere cheshuga, uye kumhanya kweropa kazhinji dzinoshandiswa kana kuti kutsigirwa namadhipatimendi outano, kuchibvumira kuzivikanwa kwokukurumidza uye kutarisirwa.

Kushanda kwemari muutano hwavanhu vose kuri pakati pendyiko dzehurumende dzinodhura zvikurusa. Mukuwirirana neCDC, dora riri rose rinopedzerwa pautano hwavanhu rinogona kuparira kusvika ku $30 mumari inochengetwa munguva yemberi kupfurikidza nokudzivisa hosha nokuderedza ndyiko dzoutano. Kunyange zvakadaro mari inobhadharwa youtano yavose inoramba iri chikamu chiduku chese chose chose chinotengwa, muganhu wakasimbiswa zvikuru mukati medenda reCHOVAD.

Kuumba Kunoita Tsika dzeHurumende Kuwana Utano

Mitemo yehurumende pakutarisirwa kweutano hwezuva nezuva ndiyo inotema kwete bedzi kana vanhu vane inishuwarenzi, asiwo mari, kuwanikwa, uye kunaka kwetarisiro yavanowana. Kunzwisisa batano idzi dzinokosha pakuita zvisarudzo zvoutano zvine ruzivo uye kuita kuti vagadziri vemitemo vazvidavirire.

Chivako Cheinishuwarenzi

Gadziriro yehurumende ndiyo inodzivisa zvikurusa kubhadharwa kweinishuwarenzi munyika zhinjisa dzakabudirira.Procies anogona kuwedzera kana kuti kunyoresa chibvumirano, kuchitapura zvakananga nhamba yavanhu vasina kutenderwa. Miitiro mikuru inobatanidza:

  • Kuwedzera kweMidhia: Pasi peAfford Care Act, matauriro ane chisarudzo chokukudza Medicaid kufukidza vakuru nemari inosvika 138% yomwero wourombo womubatanidzwa. Manyika akakudza akaona kuderera kunoshamisa mumwero isina kutsakatika, nepo nyika dzisiri dzechikafu dzakasiya mamiriyoni asingasviki.
  • Mari yeInishuwarenzi yeHealth Musika: Zvikwereti zvemitero nederesi dzinodhura zvinoita kuti inishuwarenzi yomunhu oga yakaderera neyapakati ibvire vanhu vanotambira mari nemhuri. Chinjo kuiyi mipiro inogona kuwedzera kunyoresa kana kuti mutengo wavanhu.
  • Zvinodikanwa zveMandairs & Musner Cromment: Kuva neinishuwarenzi (zvino yakabviswa pamwero wehurumende) uye mushandirwi araira kupa bharani anogona kusundira vanhu vakawanda mukamba yeinishuwarenzi, ngozi inodzikamisa uye kuderedza mari.
  • [[FLT: 0] Kuoneka kwapamberi napabetsero: Zvisarudzo pamusoro pezera rokusagona kusununguka (pari zvino 65) uye ukuru hwebetsero (g., mazino, kuona, kunzwa) zvinotapura zvakananga vakura navanhu vane urema.

Kana paine misiyano yokuvhara nyaya yacho, vanhu vanononoka kutarisirwa, vanorega kushandisa mishonga iri madikanwa, uye vanotarisana nechikwereti chezvokurapa chine ngozi.

Mutengo Wetarisiro

Ndyiko dzezvoutano muUnited States dzakakwirira zvikuru, uye kupindira kwehurumende kazhinji kazhinji chishandiso chikuru chokudzidzora. Hurumende dzinoshandisa gadziriro dzinoverengeka:

  • Kudzorwa: Munyika dzakawanda, hurumende inoisa mitengo nokuda kwemiitiro, kugara muchipatara, uye mirimo inobvumirwa nachiremba. Somuenzaniso, muGermany neJapan, rudungwe rwemari runodzorwa pakati pehurumende, mainshuwarensi, uye mabhadhari, zvichitungamirira kukuderera kukuru kwemitengo kupfuura muU.S.
  • Price Negotiation: Hurumende yeU.S. zvino inobvumirwa (pasi peIndation Reduction Act) kukurukura mitengo yemirimo yakakwirira yakafukidzwa neMedicare, muitiro uyo mamwe marudzi akawanda ave achishanda kwenguva refu.
  • Kuisa Kuvimba:[[FLT: 1] Hurumende dzinogona kudzivisa kubatanidzwa kwezvipatara kunoderedza makwikwi nokudziridza mitengo. Kumanikidzirwa kwemitemo inorwisana nouvimbiko kunokosha mukuchengeta makwikwi ezvoutano.
  • Kudzivirira kwemari:[ Mitemo yakafanana neNo Mirairo inodzivirira varwere pamabhiri ebasa risingakarirwi, kuderedza funganyo yemari uye kunatsiridza kusvika kutarisiro yekurumidziro.

Kutsvakurudza kunoratidza kuti chikwereti chezvokurapa ndicho chinonyanya kukonzera kubhuroka muUnited States, zvichisimbisa kudiwa kwematanho akasimba okudzora mamiriro ezvinhu ehurumende anodhura.

Kuwanika Kwamabasa

Zvisarudzo zvehurumende zvinotapura zvakananga uko nzvimbo dzokutarisira utano dzinovakwa uye mabasa api anowanika. Zvinhu zvikuru zvinosanganisira:

  • [[NHAU: 0] Health Professional Shortage Areat (HPSA) Defigtion: Hurumende inozivisa nzvimbo dzine tarisiro huru shomanene, mazino, kana kuti migove yendangariro uye ipapo vagoveri vemari kuti vashandise ikoko kupfurikidza nepurogiramu dzechikwereti nebhadharo.
  • Kugadzira nokuda kweCommunity Health Centers: nzvimbo dzeutano dzakakwaniriswa nenzira yeFopledment (FQHCs) dzinogovera tarisiro huru munzvimbo dzinochengetwa, pasinei zvapo namano omurwere okubhadhara. Federal anopa mari inodikanwa nokuda kwokushanda kwadzo.
  • RUral Hospital Clombures: mipimo yeHurumende pamusoro pemipimo yokudzorerwa mari nenzvimbo inogona kutsigira kana kuti kusekesa zvipatara zvomumaruwa. Apo zvipatara zvokumaruwa zvinoswedera pedyo, varwere vanotarisana namadaro marefu okuenda nokuda kwetarisiro, zvikurukuru nokuda kwamabasa ekurumidziro.
  • Kuwedzera kweTreheath: Mukati medenda reCOVID-19, hurumende yakabvisa kwechinguvana ganhuriro patelehealth, kukura kukuru kwokuwana tarisiro nokuda kwavanhu munharaunda dziri kure naavo vasingafambi zvakanaka. Kuita izvi zvigadzikiso zechigarire kwaigona kutsigira iyi vandudziko.

Kutarisira

Kupfurikidza nokupiwa maruramiro, kushuma zvinodikanwa, uye sundo dzemari, hurumende dzinomanikidza vatarisiri kuti vavandudze miuyo:

  • Parafiro-Preformation Programs: Chirongwa cheMedicare’s Hospital Purchasing chinotusa zvipatara zvinosangana nezviratidzo zvakanaka uye zvinoranga avo vane mwero yemirairo yakakwirira kana kuti miuyo yemurwere wakaderera.
  • Polici Bikanwa: Website dzakaita [[FT:2] Hastal Enzanisa[ inobudisa mashoko pamusoro pemwero inofa, mwero yemitengo yemifungo, uye gutsikano murwere, inopa vatengi simba rokuita zvisarudzo zvokuziva.
  • Mipimo Inofadza Inoshandiswa: Hurumende yakabatanidza kushandiswa kwezvinyorwa zvemichina youtano zvemagetsi (EHR) ndokugadza mipimo yokushandisa, kuvandudza batira pamwe yokutarisira uye kuderedza zvikanganiso zvekurapa.
  • Zvinodikanwa zvokubvuma: Kugamuchira mibhadharo yeMedicare neMedicaid, zvipatara zvinofanira kupiwa namasangano akadai seThe Joint Commission, iyo inogadza mipimo yakakomba nekotsekano.

Nepo mapurogiramu aya akachinja zvikuru, anoitawo mitoro yokutarisira uye dzimwe nguva anogona kutungamirira kumigumisiro isina kutarisirwa, yakadai sezvipatara zvisinganzvengeki varwere vane zvirwere zvemaoresa kuti vavandudze mashandiro azvo. Kuyera zvakanaka nokuchinjika kunoramba kuri kwakaoma.

Matambudziko Nezvatisingakwanisi Kuita Pakutarisira Utano hweHurumende

Pasinei nebasa rinokosha rehurumende, pane zvimwe zvinhu uye zvinetso zvakawanda zviri kuramba zvichiitika.

Umbimbindoga Hunorwisana Nehurumende

Gadziriro dzezvoutano negadziriro dzeinishuwarenzi dzehurumende dzinowanzotsoropodzwa nokuda kwetepi tsvuku. Miitiro yakaoma kunzvera, zvinodikanwa zvokubvumidzwa, uye gadziriro dzehurumende dzakakamukana zvinogona kunonotsa varwere nokukangaidzika. Somuenzaniso, kufamba pamikoto yemikoto yemitemo yeMedicaid erigietiod kunogona kuva basa rinotyisa nokuda kwemhuri dzinowana mari shoma, uye dzimwe nguva nyanzvi dzinotarisana nokumirira kwenguva refu nokuda kwokugadzwa nokuda kwemitoro yokudzora. Miitiro yokushandisa nokuvandudza zvinhu (jere., , makombiyuta okufambisa magedhi anoshandiswa nokuda kwezvishandiso nokuvandudza) uye miraudzo yakareruka inogona kubetsera kuderedza mitoro.

Kushandisa Nzara

Kutarisira utano kunodhura, uye bhajeti dzehurumende dzine ganhuriro. Kuderedza kushambidzika kunogona kutungamirira:

  • Mwero yeReimbursement Resursement ress: Hurumende padzinogadza mari inobhadharwa yakaderera zvikuru, vapi vemari vangaramba kugamuchira inishuwarenzi yavose, ichiganhurira kusvika kwavarikubatira.
  • Pasi peMativi avanhu vose: Zvipatara zvavose nekiriniki zvinowanzoshanda nemidziyo yechinyakare navashandi vasina kukwana, kuchitungamirira kukumirira nguva refu uye kunaka kwakaderera kwetarisiro.
  • [[NHAU] Kuwedzera kweTsvakariro yoUtano Hwevanhu: Madhipatimendi outano akasanorongwa angaparapatika kutungamirira kunzvera kukuru kwehosha kana kuti kuita kukurumidziro.

Vatsigiri vanoti kutarisira utano kunofanira kuva chinhu chokutanga mumari, asi zvematongerwo enyika anowanzoita kuti mari iendeswe kune dzimwe nzvimbo, dzakadai sokudzivirira kana kuti kuderedza mitero.

Pesvedzero Yezvamatongerwe Enyika Nokuchinja

Gadziriro yezvoutano inodzorwa zvikuru. Chinjo mukutonga dzinogona kutungamirira kukuchinja kukuru kwomuitiro, kuchiparira kusagadzikana kwevarwere nevavakidzi. Kuedza kwokudzokororwa kana kuti kutsiva Affordal Care Act kunotanga makore okusava nechokwadi. Mukuwedzera, kugarwa kwenzvimbo dzinogarwa pamwe chete kunogona kukanganisa kuita zvisarudzo, kudzivirira kunyange kuchinja kunotsigirwa zvikuru pakupfuura. Zviitiko zvamatongerwe enyika zvenguva pfupi zvinodzivisawo kuiswa kwemari mukudzivirira nokutarisirwa kwehosha dzinopfuurira, izvo zvinoda makumi amakore kuratidza miuyo. Kubatanidza vagari vemo muzivo, vasingaparatisvotaijatiko kunokosha nokuda kwokukunda ichi chiteshi.

Kusawirirana Kweutano Kunoramba Kuchiitika

Pasinei zvapo nenhamburiko dzehurumende, kupesana kukuru mukuwana kwezvoutano nemigumisiro zvinopfuurira mumativi edzinza, enzanga, uye enzvimbo. Zviverengero zviduku uye vanhu vanowana zvishoma nguva dzose vanowana mwero yakakwirira yehosha dzisingaperi, nduramo dzakaderera, uye kupfupika kudzorwa kukura. Zvirongwa zvehurumende zvakadai seMedicaid nenzanga yezvoutano zvakapfupikisa miganhu iyi, asi havana kuivhara. Kukurukura midzi midzi inoparira mamiriro ezvinhu apasi, urombo, uye kushayikwa kwedzidzo yezvoutano yakakwana, zvitendero zvinopfuudzaudza mberi kwegadziriro yezvoutano imene. Chipo chinonangidzira pakuvandudza dzimba, dzidzo yezvokudya, zvokudya, uye ruramisiro idikaro rutivi rwose rwechinopedza.

Nhungamiro Dzomunguva Yemberi Nezvinhu Zvisingabviri

Sezvo tarisiro youtano inoda kuchinja, basa rehurumende richapfuurira kuchinjira.

Terehealth Neutano Hwemadhigirii

Kukura nokukurumidza kweterefera mukati medenda kwakaratidzira kuti hurumende inogona kukurumidzisa kugadzirwa kupfurikidza nemirairo inozorodza. Kugamuchirwa kwechigarire kweidzi nzvimbo kunogona kuvandudza zvikuru kusvika kwavagari vemo vomumaruwa, vanhu vane urema, uye avo vane nguva inoganhurirwa. Zvisinei, hurumende ichadawo kutaura nezvemuraniso wemichina, ichivimbisa kuti varwere vose vane mukana wokupinda paInternet yakafara uye midziyo inodikanwa nokuda kwokutarisira chaikwo. Kudzivirira kuva vogadzikisa vanorwara munzvimbo yemichina kuchava chimwe chinetso chikuru.

Kutarisira Kunokosha

Hurumende dziri kubvisa nenzira inowedzera kubva pamubhadharo wemifanikiso inobhadharwa, inotusa upamhi hwemari, kutarisiro yakavakirwa paukoshi (VBC) mienzaniso inotusa miuyo nokubudirira. Hurumende dzeMedicare dzinozvidavirira nemhindu dzakaunganidzwa imienzaniso. Kana kubudirira, VBC inogona kuvandudza kunaka apo ine ndyiko. Zvisinei, kugadzirwa kunoda masangano akaisvonaka ezvirongwa uye gadziriro inodzorwa inotsigira purofiti pasina kukurudzira kudzivisa varwere vemari inotengwa. Zvirongwa zvehurumende nenhano dzemitengidzo dzehurumende zvichava zvinotsoropodza.

Kushandira Pamwe Kwoutano Munyika Yose

Munyika yakabatana, mabasa ehurumende anotambanukira kupfuura miganhu yenyika. Dambudziko reCOVID-19 rakasimbisa kudikanwa kwebatira pamwe yenyika yose mukukudziridzwa kwemishonga, kuongororwa kwehosha, uye kudzorwa kwemibatanidzwa yezvokushandisa. Hurumende dzichada kusimbisa mitumbi yamarudzi ose seWorld Health Organization uye kuisa mari muchengeteko youtano hwenyika yose. Panguva imwe cheteyo, kugoverana miitiro yakanakisisa munyika dzose (kubva mumagadzirirwo emirimo evagadzirisi vezvigadzirwa zvokutarisira nazvo) zvinobatsira rudzi rumwe norumwe kuvandudza kuwanwa nokuda kwevagari vemo varwo rwarwo.

Mumhedziso, basa rehurumende mukuwana zvoutano rakavakirwa pahwaro uye rine mipimo mizhinji. Kubva pakugadza mipimo yekotsekano kumari yeinishuwarenzi nokugovera tarisiro yakananga, zviito zvehurumende zvinoumba chinenge rutivi rwuri rwose rwechinoitika chomurwere. Nepo zvinetso zvakadai sebumbiro remitengo, miganhu yemari, uye kudzorwa kwezvamatongerwe enyika zvichiripo, kunzwisisa izvi simba rinogonesa vagari vemo kupinda nomutoo unobudirira zvikuru mumuitiro wezvoutano unopa kusvika kwakaenzana, kunaka kukuru, uye ndyiko inodhura munhu ari wose. Kuzadzika ichi chiono kunoda kupfuurira kungwarira, kudzorwa, uye kuzvipira kumuitiro wouchapupu hunotsigirwa.