Sumo

United Kingdom yakawana mamwe machinjirwo makurusa mugadziriro yayo yokupinda munyika mumakumi amakore, chinjo yakavamba nomugumo wokufamba kwakasununguka muna 2021 uye inopfuurira kushanduka kupfurikidza negadziridzo dzemiitiro inotevedzana. Iyi chinjo yakagadziridzazve kuumbwa kwesimba ravashandi, unyanzvi hwokupinza, uye kutanga mubatanidzwa mutsva wemisengwa yokuteerera nokuda kwamabhizimisi. Vashandi vose vari vaviri vanofambisa musika wetarenda nevashandi vanochinjirwa kugadziriro inosarudzwa zvikuru, kunzwisisa ukuru hweidzinjo dzinokosha. Nyaya ino inonzvera chinjo, migumisiro yavo yechikamu chapambuyo, uye masangano navashandi vari kugamuchira kuti vabudirire muiyi mhoteredzo itsva.

Kupfuudzira Kuchinja Kunoita Kutama

Kubva kukurusa kubva pagadziriro dzokupinda munyika dzakatangira kwakanga kuri kutanga kwegadziriro yakavakirwa pamapfundo muna January 2021, uko kwakagumisa maruramiro anozviitikira eEuropean Economic Areaty kuti agare nokushanda muUK. Gadziriro, yakaratidzirwa pasvika kweAustralia, inoisa mifungo kumifungo yakavakirwa pamakwara akadai sechiNgezi younyanzvi, mwero wemibhadharo, uye basa rinopa kubva kumutsigiri akanyoreswa. Kuchinja kwokuwedzera kwakabatanidza kubatana kwenzira yeSyricled routating, gadziridzo kuutano neCare Visa, uye kusumwarasitiridzo yeGlobal Talent neInvorver Reventier kuti vakwe vanhu vane mipimo yakakwirira.

Kuchinja Kwemitemo

  • Gadziriro yakavakirwa pa-points (2021): Vapi vanofanira kuchengetera kana kuti mapfundo 70 kuti vakwanirise, namapfundo akafanira nokuda kwebasa rinogoverwa kubva kumutsigiri anotenderwa, mwero muduku webasa reRQF3 (akaenzana nereshiyo), uye unyanzvi hwechiNgezi.
  • Gadziriro dzokutama kwakaderera: Gadziriro itsva yakabvisa noune nzira yakatsaurirwa vashandi vane unyanzvi hwakaderera, ichiparira mukaha wakazadzwa zvishoma nevhiza yeVashandi veNguva (yakaganhurirwa kukutama nehuku) uye Jouth Moblitizelity Sceed.
  • Zvitsauko zvemibhadharo zvakawedzerwa nokuda kwokuva nevhiza inokwana: Muna April 2024, chinodikanwa chiduku chemibhadharo yevagari vebasa vane unyanzvi chakakwira kusvika ku £38,700 nokuda kwevatsva vazhinjisa, kunze kweizvo zveUtano neDhayi yeDzimwe namabasa akati edzidzo. Ichi chakanga chiri chimwe chenharo huru, sezvakwakaderedza zvikuru chiverengero chemibato inowirirana.
  • Kudzorwa kwemiganhu nebvunzo yechinyorwa: Sumo yegadziriro yeElectronic Traveration Authorision (ETA) nebvumidzo dzokugara dzinogombedzerwa (BRPs) zvakawedzera zvose zviri zviviri ndyiko nomutoro wokutarisira nokuda kwavafambi navashandirwi.

Komiti yokufambisa Advisory (MAC) inopfuurira kuhwirudzura tsika, uye Hofisi yeMusha inobudisa chiverengero chenguva dzose chemifungo yokubatanidza icho chinogovera mashoko anofadza pavhiza kupfurikidza namasangano norudzi. Nhamba idzi dzinoratidza, somuenzaniso, kuti utano neCare Visa zvakawana mugove mukuru wevhiza dzebasa kubvira muna 2021, kusimbisa kuvimba kwegadziriro yacho paboka ravose.

Tapuro Pavashandirwi

Vashandirwi vave vari pamberi pamamiriro ezvinhu, vachitarisana nomusika wevashandi vanoshanda vari mhiri kwemakungwa umo chivako chavashandi vanowanika chakaderera zvikuru sezvinodiwa. Simba rinosiyana zvikuru nenzvimbo, naavo vanotsamira pamibhadharo yakaderera kana kuti kushanda kwamaoko vanotambura dzvinyiriro dzakakomba zvikurusa. Simulta, mabhizimisi muruzivo rwokugadzirwa kwezvinhu, mari, uye academia vakashuma kusvika kune vanhu vane unyanzvi zvikuru kupfurikidza nenzira dzevhiza dzakatsaurirwa.

Kuzvidzora uye Kuramba Uchiyeuka

  • Kusvika kwapanzvimbo yakasiana---ngodzi yavashandi: Kuguma kwesangano rakasununguka kwakabvisa mano okupinza EU nyika pasina vhiza. Naizvozvo, mavhiri akadai somutsa, kuvakwa, uye masangano akatamburira kuzadza nzvimbo dzenhare. Hofisi yeNational Statistics (ONS) yakashuma kuti vashandi veEU muUK vakadonha neinodokusvika 70 000 pakati pa 2019 ne2023.
  • Ndyiko dzakawedzerwa dzakabatanidzwa nevhisa dzinotsigirwa: Mushandi zvino anobatanidza mari yakawanda: mubhadharo wevhisa (kusvikira ku$($1,470) nokuda kwevhiza yamakore matatu), Immigation Health Surreftion (yazvino £1,035 pagore), uye Immigration Skils Lice (kusvikira ku$1,000 pagore nokuda kwemakambani makuru). Nokuda kweinenge vhiza yegore matatu, hwerengedzo inogona kupfuudza $1, $110 000 pamusha.
  • Kunonoka mumiitiro yokunyoresa: Nguva dzokugadzirira hofisi yevhiza yepamusha yatambanukira kusvikira kumavhiki masere kana kuti kupfuura mune dzimwe zviitiko, kumanikidza vashandirwi kuva nenzvimbo dzakazaruka kana kuti kuvimba navashandi vechinguvana. Mabasa okutanga anowanika pamutengo wokuwedzera, asi aya haawaniki nguva dzose nokuda kwavanyoresi vesori veredzi vakakwirira.
  • Vashandirwi vanofanira kuchengeta rezenisi kuvashandi vanoripira, kuchengeta mapepa akaisvonaka, mushumo wechinjo mumigariro yavashandi, uye kutarisana nefaindi ye $10 000 pamushandi asingazivikanwi napamutemo kana akawanikwa asiri mutengi. Hofisi yepamusha yakawedzera shanyo dzokuchengeta, kuwedzera dzvinyiriro yokushanda.

Mikana Yaiva Nayo Negadziridzo Dzakazonaka

Pasinei zvapo nedenho, vamwe vashandirwi vakaita kuti gadziriro itsva ive betsero yavo. Sangano reGlobal Talent viza, somuenzaniso, rinogonesa masangano kukwezva vatungamiriri musayenzi, injiniya, uye unyanzvi pasina basa zvinopa chinodikanwa, kusimudzira zvitsva. Makambani akawanda akaitawo kupfurikidza nokushandisa mari mukushanda nokushandisa mari kuti aderedze kutsamira kwavashandi. Semuenzaniso, kuvaka kwawedzera kushandiswa kwemitoo yokuvaka nemota, nepo cheni dzezvokutengesa dzakawedzera kuzvidzora uye kugadzirwa kwehondo.

Wedzero dzemari yave iri imwe mhinduro inozivikanwa navose. Tsitsi dzinobva ku mari inotambirwa dzinoratidza kuti mari inobhadharwa mumakambani semasangano akadai semutsa yakakwira ne12% mumakore maviri pashure pechinjo 2021, zvikurukuru kuita kuti mabasa ave anokwezva zvikuru kuvashandi vepamusha. Zvisinei, uku kuwedzera hakuna kuvhara zvizere mukaha mumugove webasa, uye mabhizimisi akawanda anopfuurira kukwevedza hurumende nokuda kwenzira dzinochinjika zvikuru nokuda kwavashandi vakaderera.

Kunzvera Kwesekete

Kurapwa

Hwezvoutano neCherre Visa rwave rwuri budiriro inocherekedzwa, namavhiza anopfuura 150 000 akabudiswa muna 2023 moga. Zvisinei, kutsamira pakunyoreswa kwamarudzi ose kwakaparira kunonoka: kugadzirwa kwevhiza kwakasiya mahofisi ane vashandi vashomanene, uye kuwedzera kwemibhadharo kunotyisidzira kurasikirwa navashandi vapamusha navashandi vanoyamura. NHS yakagona kuwedzera kurovedza mapaipi ayo omumba, asi migumisiro ichatora makore kuti ive yokushandisa zvinhu.

Mutsa Nokushanyira

Makamu aya akatapurwa nenzira isingaenzaniswi, sezvo mabasa akadai savashandi vanomirira uye vapakicheni vasingasviki mubato wounyanzvi wenzira yeVashandi. Kusumwa kwevhiza yeVashandi veNguva (yakaiswa pa45 000 nokuda kwa2024) kunopa ruyamuro rwechinguvana, asi hakupi nzira yokugara nayo, kupfuuridzira nhambo yakakwirira. Hotera neresitorendi dzakawanda dzakaderedza maawa okushanda kana kuti migove yebasa yakananga somuuyo weperevedzo dzebasa.

Kuvaka Nokugadzira

Kuvimba kweUK pabasa reEU nokuda kwemabasa aya kwakanga kwakakwirira munhau. Kuperevedza kwakaparira kunonoka kwebasa nokukwira kwemitengo, nezvinhu uye ndyiko dzebasa zvichikwira ne20% muzvikamu zvakati kubvira muna 2020. Hurumende yacho payakawedzera ruwara rwebasa raishaikwa muna 2023 kuti ibatanidze mabasa akati okuvaka, kuderera kwacho kunoramba kuri kutete.

Tapuro Pavashandirwi

Kuvashandi, kuchinja kwemitemo yokubuda kwevanhu vakaparira ruzivo rwokuzviwanira rwakawanda. Nyanzvi dzine unyanzvi zvikuru dzebasa dzinopa vatsigiri vebasa vane marezenisi kupfuura vatambi vemibhadharo yakabetserwa nokugadzirwa kwokukurumidza uye nzira dzakajeka dzokuita. Avo vari mubasa rinobhadharwa mari shoma, kana kuti kutsvaka kuchinja mabasa apo vanenge vari pavhiza, vatarisana neshaviso yakawedzerwa. Kuchinja kwacho kwakatapurawo vashandi vepamba, zvikurukuru munharaunda umo makwikwikwi emabasa akawedzera.

Zvazvakaita Vashandi Vane Unyanzvi Uye Vane Urombo

  • Nzira dzokujekesera napo tarenda rapamusoro: vhiza yeGlobal Talent nevhiza yeChikaro (pamakambani akura nokukurumidza) zvinogovera betsero dzakadai sechinodikanwa nokuda kwebasa nokuda kwenzira yeSaltin yeNyika Yose, uye mutoro wekutsigira werefu wemibato. Iyi vhiza yakagamuchirwa namakambani eruzivo rwesayenzi, masangano enzvero, uye kutanga.
  • Sangano rakawedzerwa nokuda kwokufamba nebasa: Mavhiza evashandi ane unyanzvi anogona zvino kuchinja mushandirwi zviri nyore zvikuru, kana basa idzva rikagona kusvitsa mibhadharo nounyanzvi. Ikoku kwakaderedza ngozi yokuva muukama hwokutsigira mushandirwi mumwe, kuchipa vashandi simba rakawanda rokuita purofiti.

Migumisiro Yevashandi Vane Mishonga Yakaderera Nevane Mishonga Yapakati

  • Mhinganidzo dzakawedzera dzokupinda: Pasi pomugwagwa wakatsaurirwa wavashandi vanotambira pasi pa $38 700, mabasa mazhinji anobhadharwa mari yakaderera zvino ava madenderedzwa kudzimwe nyika. Ikoku kwakasunda vamwe vashandi kupinda mubasa risina kurongwa kana kuti kuvimba nevhiza dzemhuri, idzo dzine zvinodikanwa zvavo vamene zvemari inotambirwa.
  • Kusachengeteka nokunonoka: Vashandi vanotova muUK panzira yevhiza (mutoo, kubva kuMudzidzi kusvikira kuMushandi akasimba) vakashuma funganyo pamusoro pokusangana nechikumbaridzo chitsva. Mitengo yeHofisi yemisha kubva muna 2024 inoratidza wedzero 22% muvhiza kuramba kukumbira mabasa pasi chaipo pechikumbaridzo.
  • Shift kuzvikwaniriso: Tsika yakavakirwa pamipimo inotusa zvikwaniriso zvetsika, kukwidziridza vashandi kuronda A nedzidzo yedhigirii. Iyi kombamiro ingava nemiuyo yakananga yenhambo refu pamwero wounyanzvi, asi inoparira mikaha yenhambo pfupi mumabasa ayo asingadi zvikwaniriso zvakadaro.

Migumisiro Yacho Pavashandi Vemudzimba

Kutama kwakaderera kwakatungamirira kumisika yavashandi yakanyanya munharaunda dzakati, kuchikwidziridza mibhadharo yavashandi vepamba vanobhadharwa mari shoma mumativi akafanana nemutsa uye shopu. Zvisinei, muuyo hauna kufanira: munharaunda dzine urovha hwakaderera, vashandirwi vakamanikidzirwa kukwikwidzana nesimba, nepo munzvimbo dzine basa rakawanda, vashandi vapamba vakaona betsero shoma. Muuyo wave uri wewedzero yapakati pamubayiro webasa wavashandi veUK-mapurazi mumativi aichimbova EUM, asi nounyanzvi husingawirirani mumabasa nenzvimbo. Mukuwirirana ne Mukuwirirana nebasa remari inopfumisa [[FLT]] S, mwero wokusashanda pakati paavo vane makore 16-64] wakakwirawo rutivi, rutivi rwakareba nokuda kwechirwere, rune kuoma kupfumisa kubetsera kubetsera kudzoka kumusha.

Kuchinjira Kunzvimbo Itsva: Zvirongwa Zvevashandirwi

Nemhaka yokuti mhoteredzo yemiitiro ingasabvira kudzokera kururimi rwapamberi peBrexit munhambo iri pedyo, vashandirwi vanofanira kuvamba unyanzvi hwakasimba hwokushandisa kugona kuwana matalenta nokuchengeta. Pasi apa inzira dzinoshanda idzo masangano anotungamirira ari kubvumwa.

Kutarisira Kurovedzwa Mumba uye Zvirongwa Zvokushandisa

Gadziriro dzokurovedza idzo dzinopfuudza vashandi vomunzvimbomo dzinogona kuderedza rutsamiro pakunyoreswa kwemibato yemhiri kwamakungwa. Chirongwa cheHurumende cheRevy chinogovera mari (inopiwa navashandirwi vakuru) inogona kudzorerwa murovedzo yakanyoreswa. Masekete akafanana nokuvakwa nezvoutano ari kubatira pamwe neimwe koreji dzedzidzo kuti dzitange gadziriro dzokukurumidza kuita kuti vasindi vechikoro vave vashandi vakakwaniriswa mukati memwedzi 12-18.

Kupa Chivivi Chakanaka Nokutsigira

Makambani ayo anotsigira nguva dzose vashandi vanotsigirwa vanofanira kugovera vakuru vakuru vanozviisa pasi kuti vatarisire rezenisi, vachengete vhiza misi inopera, uye vachengete mibatanidzwa yechinjo dzemitemo. Kuisa muchapupu mudare rinodzorwa navatami kunogona kuderedza purogiramu yokutarisira pamusoro pevhu uye kuderedza ngozi yefaindi. Mukuwedzera, kunzvera kwapamutemo kunorumbidzwa kuva nechokwadi chokuti mabasa anogoverwa zvakarurama kuboka revhiza nomubhadharo.

Nzira Dzinotsiva Dzebisa

Kupfuura vhiza reMazinesi, vashandirwi vanofanira kunzvera Jouth Moblitility Scheme (yamarudzi anosvika kunyika 12, kubatanidza Australia, New Zealand, uye Canada) nevhiza itsva yeGraduate (iyo inobvumira vadzidzi vamarudzi ose kushanda kwamakore maviri pashure pefundo). Nzira dzose dziri mbiri dzinogovera basa rechinguvana pasina chinodikanwa chapakarepo chokutsigira. Immigation Reslves[ inogadziridzwa nguva dzose, naizvozvo kudzosera kuHofisi Dzomusha kunorumbidzwa.

Kufungazve Nezvebasa Kurongwa Nokuzvirongedza

Nokuda kwemabasa anokundikana nguva dzose kukwezva vatarisiri, vashandirwi vangada kudzosera mabasa. Somuenzaniso, kuparadza basa rokutarisira rebasa reteshi kuva basa rokutarisira rakaderera (rinotarisirwa nokuda kwoutano neCare Visa? Sezvinobvira, asi mubhadharo unoramba uri denho) nebasa rokuwedzera. Kunenge kurongerwa kwemitengo. Kunenge kuri kudzokororwa, kurovha marobhoti, kuzviongorora) kunogona kuderedza kudiwa kwevashandi. Hurumende inobvumira kuti ishandiswe pakuchinja mari yokutanga.

Kutarira Mberi: Miitiro Yenguva Yemberi Nezvinonetsa

Gadziriro yegadziriro yokubuda kweUK ichaumbwa nechinjo dzezvamatongerwe enyika, migariro yemari, uye kunzvera kunopfuurira kwemaMaC. Zvimiro zvakasiana - siana zvakatooneka. Chokutanga, hurumende ingangopfuurira kudzikamisa mitemo kuderedza kutama kwemambure, iyo yakasvika pakakwirira pa64 000 muna 20222, kunyange zvazvo ichidzorwa zvikuru nenzira dzisiri dzebasa dzakadai sefundo nevhizaration. Chechipiri, mubhadharo wewedzero we $038,700 uri kutoderedza kuderera kutsarukana, uye kumwe kukwira kunoitika. Chechitatu, simbiso pamipimo yemawero yemaeGAPS yakadai seroult yeBRPS.

Kuvashandirwi, chinhu chikuru kudikanwa kwokuva nounyanzvi. Gadziriro yokubuda kweBr exit haisati iri yakaremara; iri kugadziriswa mukupindura kuperevedza kwevashandi, dzvinyiriro yezvamatongerwe enyika, uye murangariro wavose. Masangano anovaka mifananidzo yakapfava, anoisa mukuronga mabasa, uye chengeta kurukurirano yepedyo nemitumbi yemavakwaniri seConfederation of British Industry (CBI) ichava iri nani zvikuru kugonana nezvinjo dzenguva yemberi. Pakupedzisira, kuchinja kweiyi purogiramu hakusi kukatyamadza imwe yenguva asi shanduka mhindumupindu inopfuurira inoda kugadziridzwa kunoitwa navashandi vose vari vaviri.