Mavambo Echiremera Chokupomerwa MuUnited States

Gadziriro yemitemo yeAmerica inoshanda segadziriro yakarongwa umo chiremera chinoparadzirwa mumativi akawanda. Kuparadzirwa uku hakungoerekani; kunoratidzira gadziriro yebumbiro remitemo, iyo inopa masimba akananga kuhurumende yorudzi apo inochengeta mamwe kuhurumende. Vadzidzi navadzidzisi vanonzvera kuchengetwa kwomutemo nemiitiro yedare, kunzwisisa iyi miganhu yemitemo inokosha nemhaka yokuti vanosarudza kuti mitemo ipi inoshanda, isangano ripi rinoita kuti vatendiswe, uye ipi dare rinonzwa mhaka yapiwa. Jurisciation inoumba chinhu chiri chose kubva mumuitiro wokukwidza kunguva yokukwidza, uye inopesvedzera zvakananga kuti ruramisiro inodzorwa sei munyika.

Panzvimbo yazvo, chiremera chepamutemo chedare rehurumende kana kuti dare kuti rinzwe ndokusarudza nhau. Ichi chiremera chinorondedzerwa nejogirafi, nhau, uye mapoka anobatanidzwa. United States inoumba gadziriro 50 dzemitemo dzehurumende, gadziriro yehurumende, madzinza, uye gadziriro dzenharaunda, imwe neimwe ine mitemo yayo yemiitiro yemiitiro yezvokudzora. Uku kuwanda kunoparira mhoteredzo yakaoma umo chiito chimwe chetecho chingabatwa nenzira yakasiana zvichitsamira paicho chinoitwa kana kuti ichiremera chipi chinodzora.

Mibvunzo yenhau haisiwo zvayo yedzidzo, inomuka muzvinoitika zvezuva riri rose zvokuchengetwa kwomutemo, zvakadai seapo utsotsi hunodarika miganho yehurumende, apo masangano ehurumende nehurumende ose ari maviri anotaura chiremera pamusoro penhau, kana kuti apo mirau yomunzvimbomo inorwisana nemirau yehurumende. Nokuda kwavadzidzi venhau nomutemo, kunzwisisa iyi mifungo kunokosha nokuda kwokunzwisisa kuti miuyo yapamutemo inoumbwa sei namarongedzero etsika imene, kwete bedzi namaidi enhau.

Marudzi Okushora Namavara Awo Anoratidza

Kupa mhosva muUnited States kunowanzoiswa muzvikamu zvinoverengeka, chimwe nechimwe chine zvinhu zvakasiyana - siyana zvinotapura kushanda kunoita mutemo uye miitiro yedare.

Kurayira Kwehurumende

Hurumende inofukidza nhau dzinobatanidza United States Constitution, mitemo yehurumende, zvibvumirano, uye zvinoitika umo United States iri mubatanidzwa. Inobatanidzawo gakava pakati pehurumende kana kuti pakati pevagari vemo vehurumende vakasiana - siana apo chitsama chegakava chinopfuura chiteshi chemitemo. matare eFederal anotonga mhosva dzakadai sokutengesa mirimo kwehurumende, kusabhadhara mutero wehurumende, cybercrime, uye ugandanga. Chiremera chesangano rehurumende rokutarisira mutemo, kubatanidza Federal Bureauni of Investigation (FI) neDrugmentmentmentment Administration (DEA), zvinorondedzerwa nemitemo yehurumende uye kazhinji kazhinji chinoganhurirwa kumhosva dzehurumende.

Hurumende yeFederal inoshanda mukati mechivako chedare chine mitaro mitatu: Matare oruwa (mwero wedare), Dare reNhengo reNhengo reNhengo dzeZvipiso (intermeterte appenellate mwero), uye Dare rapamusoro reUnited States (mwero wederefaramende). Mwero mumwe nomumwe unotevera Federal Ligal of Civil Procedure kana kuti Federal Rul Real of Criminal Procedure, iyo inoresata mumativi akawanda emhaka inote inoteswa neyamugaro munyika.

Kutongwa neHurumende

Hurumende inobatanidza mativi mazhinjisa enhau dzapamutemo muUnited States, kubatanidza mhaka dzakadai sedenho, kupaza, kupamba, uye kuputsa kwemigwagwa, pamwe chete nenhau dzavagari vemo dzakadai sezvibvumirano, zvigadziko, uye mutemo wemhuri. Hurumende imwe neimwe ine bumbiro rayo rimene, mirau, uye dare, izvo zvinoreva kuti miitiro inogona kusiana zvikuru kubva kunyika imwe kuenda kune imwe. Somuenzaniso, dzimwe nyika dzinoshandisa majaji makuru nokuda kwemhosva dzechipopo, nepo dzimwe nyika dzine gadziriro yokutonga yakabatana. Dzimwe nyika dzine dare rinotonga rakabatana, nepo dzimwe dzinochengeta matare akaparadzana nokuda kwenhau dzakaganhurirwa dzakadai seprobate, mhuri, kana kuti kutaura kuduku.

Masangano anoona nezvokuchengetedzwa kwemitemo yehurumende anosanganisira mapurisa ehurumende kana kuti migwagwa inotenderera, iyo inowanzoita kuti mitemo yomumugwagwa itengwe uye inobatsira masangano omunharaunda, pamwe chete nemasangano anoshanda pakurapa zvinodhaka, kubheja, kana kuti kuchengetedza mhoteredzo.

Kutongwa Nevarwi Vomunzvimbomo

Kutonga kwomunzvimbomo kunonongedzera kuchiremera chehurumende dzehurumende dzehurumende kana kuti dzenyika kuisa ndokumanikidzira mitemo panhau dzakadai sokugarwa kwenzvimbo, kudzorwa kworuzha, utano hwavanhu, uye mirau yemomhu. matare omunzvimbomo, anowanzonzi matare emisiparati kana kuti matare emejasitiriti, anotonga kuputswa kwemitemo iyi pamwe chete nemhosva duku dzeutsotsi. Chirongwa chematare omunharaunda chinosiyana zvikuru. Mudzimwe nyika, matare omunharaunda rutivi rwegadziriro yedare rehurumende; mune dzimwe, ihurumende dzinozvimirira dzine chiremera chakaganhurirwa.

Kuchengetwa kwemitemo kwainobatanidza madhipatimendi emapurisa omuguta, mahofisi eruwa, uye masangano chaiwo akadai semapurisa ezvifambiso kana kuti mapurisa epapaki. Masangano aya anonangidzira ngwariro pamapurisa enzanga, mhinduro yekurumidziro yomunzvimbomo, uye kuchengetwa kwemitemo yomunzvimbomo. Nemhaka yokuti masangano omunzvimbomo anobhadharwa nemari yomutero yomunzvimbomo, pfuma yawo, mipimo yokurovedza, uye zvokutanga zvebasa zvinogona kusiana zvikuru nenzanga imwe neimwe.

Kupomera Chaiko uye Kwemadzinza

Kupfuura zvikamu zvehurumende, zvehurumende, uye zvomunzvimbomo, United States inozivawo zviremera chaizvo, kubatanidza matare edzinza panzvimbo dzemaIndia eAmerica nematare enzvimbo muU.S. Hurumende dzeruwa dzakadai sePuerto Rico neGuam. Miganhu yedzinza yakasiyana nemhaka yokuti ihurumende dzadzo dzine mitemo yadzo yapamutemo yadzo dzimene, kunyange zvazvo dzichishanda mukati megadziriro yomutemo wehurumende muhurumende mupasi peIndiya Zenia nereFream Act. Matare eruwa anobata nhau dzemitengo nemibato inobatanidza mitezo yedzinza nemibato zvinoitika munyika dzamadzinza, asi dzimwe mhaka huru dzinowa pasi penzvimbo yehurumende pasinei zvapo nenzvimbo.

Masangano aya anowanzova nemitemo yakavhengana inobatanidza tsika dzeUnited States netsika dzomunharaunda yacho nemitemo.

Kusiyanisa Kunoita Kumanikidza Mutemo Nokutonga

Masangano anochengetedza mutemo panzvimbo imwe neimwe anoshanda pasi pezviremera zvemitemo zvakasiyana - siyana, mipimo yokurovedza, uye mitemo yokushanda. Misiyano iyi ine migumisiro inoshanda nokuda kwokuongorora kunoitwa, kusungwa kunoitwa, uye mashandiro anoita nzanga nemapurisa.

Kumanikidzwa Kwomutemo Wehurumende

Masangano eFBI, DEA, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firemorts and Explolesives (ATF), uye Dare reFrags isangano chairo rine simba munyika yose pamusoro poutsotsi hwakati hwehurumende. Rovedzo yavo inodzorwa zvakasimba uye inodzorwa namasangano akadai seFBI Academy paQuantico, Virginia. Vamiriri veFederal vanowana nzvero huru, muraidzo wedzidzo wedzidzo, uye rovedzo yezvinoitika zvinosimbisa muitiro wapamutemo, kubata, uye kubatana.

Masangano ehurumende anoshanda muchiremera cheBumbiro remitemo reU.S. neConfecrate of Federal Regional Actives anowanzoshanda mumabasa nehurumende nevomunzvimbomo, zvikurukuru munharaunda dzakadai sokuchengetwa kwemirimo nedzinoderedza utsotsi hwamasimba masimba. Zvisinei, vamiriri vehurumende havana chiremera chamapurisa makuru; havagoni kumanikidza hurumende kana kuti mitemo yomunzvimbomo isina chibvumirano chakananga chehurumende kana kuti chikwata chebasa chakabatana.

Kumanikidzwa Kwomutemo Wehurumende

Masangano anochengeta mutemo wehurumende, akadai samadhipatimendi emapurisa ehurumende kana kuti migwagwa inotenderera, ane udzori munyika yavo yose. Anodzika mitemo yehurumende ndokugovera tsigiro kumasangano omunzvimbomo apo kunodikanwa. Mipimo yokurovedza mapurisa ehurumende inogadzwa nemipimo yevakuru vakuru vorugare vehurumende imwe neimwe nerovedzo yehurumende, uko kunoreva kunaka uye kubatanidzwa kwerovedzo kunogona kusiana zvikuru. Dzimwe nyika dzinoda mazana amaawa okurovedza kupfuura mwero, nepo dzimwe dzinochengeta mipimo mikuru ingava isati yagadzirwa nguva dzose.

Masangano ehurumende kazhinji kazhinji ane mapoka chaiwo okunzvera, zvinodhakisa, uye mhinduro yekurumidziro. angashandisawo marabhoritari outsotsi ayo anogovera betsero dzemari kumasangano omunzvimbomo. Nemhaka yokuti mapurisa ehurumende haana kubatanidzwa neboka rimwe rehurumende, anogona kuunza murangariro mukuru kuzvinetso zvoutsotsi zvomunharaunda uye kazhinji kazhinji anobatira sesangano rinotungamirira mukunzvera kwakawanda kwoutsotsi.

Kumanikidzwa Kutevedzera Mutemo Womunzvimbomo

Madhipatimendi emapurisa omunharaunda nehofisi dzehurumende ndiwo masangano akawandasa ezvomutemo muUnited States, ane masangano anopfuura 18 000 munyika yose. Masangano aya ane mutoro wokuchengetwa kwemitemo kwezuva nezuva munzanga dzawo. Rovedzo yawo inowanzonangidzira ngwariro pamapurisa omunzanga, kubviswa kwebasa, uye mirau yomunzvimbomo. Zvisinei, ukuru hwerovedzo hunotsamira paukuru hwedhipatindi, bhajeti, uye zvinodikanwa zvehurumende.

Mahofisi edare rehurumende akasiana mukuti vatongi vanosarudzwa vakuru vakuru munyika zhinjisa. Uku kubatana kwevhoti kunoparira mutsetse wakananga wokuzvidavirira kunzanga asi kunovambawo kurangarira kwezvamatongerwe enyika mumabasa okuchengetwa kwomutemo. Vatongi kazhinji kazhinji vanotarisira majeri eruwa, chengeteko yedare, uye muitiro wehurumende unoshanda, mukuwedzera kukuongorora uye mabasa efeyafeya. Vakuru vakuru vamapurisa veguta, mukupesana, vanowanzogadzwa namaneja eguta kana kuti vanameya uye vangava noukama hwakasiana nehurumende yomunzvimbomo.

Tapuro Yemisiyano Yemitongo Parovedzo Nemitemo

Kusiyana murovedzo nemitemo yapamativi ose kwave kuri nhau yefundo nekurukurirano zvakati. Rovedzo yeFederal inowanzova maawa akafanana zvikurusa uye akakura, anopfuura 1 000 omurayiridzo. Rovedzo yehurumende inogona kuvambira paanenge maawa 600 kusvikira kuinopfuura 1 200 zvichitsamira pahurumende. Rovedzo yomunzvimbomo inosiana zvikurusa, namasangano maduku pane dzimwe nguva anotamburira kusangana kunyange nezviduku nemhaka yeganhuriro dzemari.

Mitemo inosianawo munharaunda dzakadai sokushandisa simba, kuvhima, uye ufakazi. Somuenzaniso, mamwe majeri anoda kuti vakuru vakuru vapindire apo mushandi biyavo anoshandisa simba rakawandisa, nepo mimwe ine mitemo yakajeka. Iyi misiano haisati iri mativi makuru okudzora; inotapura chengeteko yavakuru vakuru, ruvimbiko rwenzanga, uye mhaka dzapamutemo. Vadzidzi vanofunda kudzika mutemo vanofanira kuziva kuti mufambiro mumwe chetewo wavakuru vakuru vakuru muhurumende imwe ungava unowirirana nemitemo apo unenge uchirambidzwa mune imwe.

Kupa Mashoko Mudare: Kuumba Kunoita Kutonga

Kana nyaya yangopinda bedzi mugadziriro yokutonga, chiremera umo inochengetwa chinosarudza mitemo yemitemo inodzora chinhu chiri chose kuvambira pakuronga misi yokuwana kusvikira kukuwana nhevedzano yokutonga. Miitiro yeDare haisati ichizotsinhana, uye vatsigiri vanofanira kushandisa mitemo yakananga yedare iyo ine chiremera pamusoro penhau yavo.

Miitiro Yedare Rehurumende

Dare reFederal Rinoshanda pasi peFederal Mitemo yeCovil Procedure (FRCP) nokuda kwenhau dzavagari vemo uye Federal Pagel of Criminal Procediture (FRRP) nokuda kwenhau dzoutsotsi. Iyi mirau inorongedzerwa kuparira kusawirirana muruwa rwose rwehurumende. FRCP, somuenzaniso, inogadza nguva yakakomba nokuda kwebasa, kuwana, uye muitiro wemiitiro. Mitemo yeFederal inoitiswa nomutongi mumwe, uye majaribhiri anosarudzwa muda rakafara renyika. Mitemo youfakazi inodzorwa neFederal Revistions, iyo inodzo yakadzanwa uye inoshandiswa nenzira inowirirana.

Miitiro yedare reFederal inowanzova yakarongwa zvikuru uye inononoka zvikuru kupfuura miitiro yehurumende. Simbiso parumano rwekudzorwa kwemari inogona kuita kuti pesvedzero yehurumende idhuze uye kuronga nguva, asi inogoverawo mwero wakakwirira wokudeya kutaura. Nokuda kwavanopomerwa utsotsi, nhungamiro dzehurumende, nepo zvino iri kudzorwa pashure pe United States v. Bhuku, richiri kushandisa pesvedzero inokosha, richitungamirira kumitsetse inowanzovarefukidzwa kupfuura ayo anoiswa mumatare ehurumende nokuda kwemhosva dzakafanana.

Kutongwa Kwematare Ehurumende

Hurumende imwe neimwe inochengeta mitemo yayo imene yemitemo. Dzimwe nyika dzakagadza mitemo yadzo pagadziriro yehurumende, nepo dzimwe dzakatanga mitoo yakasiana. Somuenzaniso, Bumbiro remitemo reCalifornia reCivil Procediture rakasiana zvikuru neFRCP, zvikurukuru munharaunda dzakadai semiganhu yokuwana uye mipimo yokutonga. Texas ine mitemo yakaparadzana nokuda kwenhau dzevagari vemo nedzeutsotsi, uye miitiro yadzo inoratidzira tsika yokudzora kwomunzvimbomo nechisarudzo chokutonga.

Dare rehurumende kazhinji kazhinji rinochinjika zvikuru mukuronga uye kutarisirwa kwemhosva. Nyika zhinji dzinoshandisa gadziriro dzokutarisira nhau dzakasiiwa idzo nhau dzinoenda kunzira dzakasiana - siana dzakavakirwa pamifungo yakaoma kunzwisisa. Kutongwa kwehurumende kungabvumira nokuda kwedzizhinji zvikuru (kusarudza) uye dzimwe nyika dzinobvumira zvisarudzo zvisiri zvedare rinobetsera mumitongo yavagari vemo, kunyange zvazvo Dare Rapamusoro reUnited States rakada kusabatana nokuda kwemhosva dzakakomba mumativi ose. Kusiyana kwemiitiro yehurumende kunoreva kuti nhau namaidi akafanana ingagona kupfuudzirwa nenzira yakasiana zvikuru zvichitsamira pahurumende yari kuiswa.

Kutongwa Kwematare Omunzvimbomo

Matare omunzvimbomo kana kuti emanisiparati anobata nyaya hurusa muUnited States, kubatanidza kuputswa kwemigwagwa, kuputswa kwemitemo, uye mhaka duku dzoutsotsi. Aya matare anowanzoshanda nemiitiro isina kuoma yakagadzirirwa kupedza nhau nokukurumidza. Mumativi akawanda, vakwirirwi vangaratidzika vasina gweta, uye nhau hadzina kurongwa zvikuru kupfuura mumatare makuru. Zvisinei, kusangwarira uku kunogona kutungamirira kunhau dzakafanira, zvikurukuru apo vakwirirwi vasingaziviswi zvizere kodzero dzavo.

Miitiro yedare yomunzvimbomo ingadzorwa nemitemo yehurumende inowedzerwa nemirau yomunzvimbomo. Mamwe matare omunzvimbomo akagamuchira zviteshi chaizvo zvemibato, zvakadai sematare outano hwendangariro kana kuti matare enyanzvi dzendangariro, ayo anoshandisa mitoo inochinja mamiriro ezvinhu echinetso panzvimbo pemiitiro yegamuchidzanwa. aya matare chaiwo anoratidza zvokutanga zvomunzvimbomo nokuwanika kwamanyuko, zvinowedzera kuparira mhesano yetsika.

Kutongwa Kunoenderera Mberi Kwezvirango: Kunyatsotarisisa

Kunzwisisa kusiyana - siyana kwemiedzo kunonyanya kukosha kuvadzidzi vanenge vari kufunga nezvemabasa epamutemo kana kuti emitemo.

Miedzo Yehurumende

Miedzo yehurumende inoratidzirwa nokunamatira kwakakomba kumitemo yetsika nemipimo yakarongwa iri pachena. Kushandiswa kwemiitiro yakanyorwa, misangano yedare, uye kuwanwa kukuru mupimo. Vatongi veFederal vanoshandisa udzori hune revo pamusoro pomufambiro wokuedza, kubatanidza nguva yenharo nokusaoneka kwoufakazi. VaJuries mumiedzo youtsotsi yehurumende vanofanira kupa zvisarudzo zvisina kubvumirana, uye mutoro weufakazi hausati uchitongova nopanikiro ine mufungo, inoshandiswa nokunzverwa kwoungwaru.

Miedzo yehurumende inowanzotora nguva refu kusvika kutongwa, murutivi nemhaka yomuitiro wakakwana wedare rapamberi penhau. Apo kutongwa kunotanga, zvisinei, nhau dzinodzorwa zvakasimba. Vachuchisi veFederal kazhinji kazhinji vanogona kuwana zvinhu zvikuru, kubatanidza nyanzvi dzezvemari netsigiro yokuongorora, izvo zvinogona kutapura dzikamo yesimba pakati pehurumende nedziviriro.

Miedzo yeHurumende

Miitiro yokutonga kwehurumende yakasiana zvikuru. Dzimwe nyika dzinoshandisa gadziriro yedare "isina kusimbiswa" umo mutongi mumwe cheteyo angabata nhau dzose dziri mbiri pamberi pedare nekutonga, nepo mamwe mativi akaparadzana. Nhanho dzemiedzo yehurumende dzinogona kuva dzinokurumidza kupfuura miedzo yomubatanidzwa, zvikurukuru munyika dzine mikwidzo mikuru. matare eHurumende angashandisawo miitiro isina kurongwa yakawanda, yakadai sokubvumira mapoka kukurukura nenzira yapamuromo pasina kupfupikisa kukuru kwakanyorwa.

Kusarudza Jury mumatare ehurumende kunosiyana. Dzimwe nyika dzinobvumira magweta kuita chinhu chinotyisa zvakananga, nepo dzimwe dzichiganhurira kubvunzurudza mutongi. Chiverengero chedenho dzinowanika kurutivi rumwe norumwe runosiana nehurumende. Uku kuchinja kunogona kupesvedzera zvikuru kuumbwa kwedare rinobetsera vatongi uye, pakupedzisira, mugumisiro wekutonga.

Miedzo Yomunzvimbomo

Mumatare omunzvimbomo, kutonga kunowanzova kutonga kwehwaro panzvimbo pematare edare redare rinotonga, zvikurukuru nokuda kwemhosva duku. Mitongo inorongwa, nezvinowanwa zvishoma uye zvibvumikiso zvipfupi. Nepo uku kushanda zvakanaka kuchibvumira matare omunzvimbomo kubata mavhoriyamu makuru, kunogonawo kuguma nemikana mishomanene yokuti vakwiridziri vapikidze ufakazi kana kuti zvikanganiso zvemitemo. Kuvadzidzi vomutemo, vachichengeta matare omunzvimbomo vanopa musiyano mukuru kumiitiro yehurumende nematare ehurumende.

Muitiro Wokukwirira: Basa Rechibvumirano

Kodzero yokukwirira mhaka yedare inokosha, asi chirongwa nezvikonzero zvokukwirira zvinosiyana - siyana. Kunyora uku kunogona kukanganisa kana paine pakwakatangira kushora chisarudzo chisina kunaka uye kuti chichatora nguva yakareba sei.

Gadziriro Yokukwirira Yamabhapatidzi

Mugadziriro yehurumende, zvikumbiro zvinobva kumatare oruwa zvinoendeswa kuDare reNhenhare reRuwa reZvikumbiro. Kune matunhu 13, rimwe nerimwe nemitemo yaro rimene yemitemo yokuwedzera Federal Mitemo yeAppellate Procedare. Zvikumbiro zvinonzwiwa neboka revatongi vatatu, uye vapari vangakumbira kudzokororwa nedare rakazara. Dare Rapamusoro rinonatsiridza nokupfupikisa neceretori, uko rinopa chikamu chiduku chenhau.

Kukwirira kunosimbisa pazvikanganiso zvapamutemo, kwete zviwanwa chaizvoizvo. Mupimo wehwirudzuro unosiana kuchitsamira panhau yacho: kupesana nokuda kwemibvunzo yomutemo, chikanganiso chakajeka nokuda kwezviwanwa zveidi, uye kushandiswa zvisina kufanira kwechisarudzo chetsika. Ichi chinoreva kuti kuwina chikumbiro kunoda kuratidzira kuti dare rinotonga rakaita chikanganiso chapamutemo icho chakatapura muuyo.

Kukwirira Kwehurumende

Hurumende imwe neimwe ine mwero mumwe chete wehwirudzuro, asi mugadzirirwo unosiana. Dzimwe nyika dzine matare apakati anobata zvikumbiro zvikurusa, nepo dzimwe dzichibvumira kukwirira kwakananga kudare rapamusorosoro rehurumende. Zvikonzero zvekukwirira mumatare ehurumende zvingava zvakakura kupfuura mudare rehurumende, nedzimwe nyika dzichibvumira kukumbira kwakavakirwa pagadziriro dzemitemo dzinopa dziviriro huru zvikuru kupfuura Bumbiro reMitemo reU.S.

Miitiro yehurumende inochinjawo. Dzimwe nyika dzinoda mvumo yokukwidza mamwe marudzi ezvinoitika, nepo dzimwe dzichivimbisa maruramiro kukwirira kumwe. Miganhu yenguva yokunyora chiziviso chekukwirira inosiana, sezvinoita zvinodikanwa zvezviri mukati mefitifiti. Iyi misiyano yemifungo inogona kuparira misungo nokuda kwavarovha vasina kungwarira vanopotsa nguva yakarongwa kana kuti kukundikana kutevera purogiramu yakarurama.

Kuitwa Kwezvikumbiro Zvomunzvimbomo

Zvikumbiro zvinobva kumatare omunzvimbomo zvinoenda kudare redare rehurumende kana kuti dare rehurumende rapakati, panzvimbo pedare rapakati rapamberi pedare. Muitiro wacho unowanzopfaviswa, nezvinodikanwa zvishoma zvenguva nezvinodzokororwa nokukurumidza. Zvisinei, kukwirira kungava kwakaganhurirwa. Somuenzaniso, kukwirira kunobva kudare reparamende mhaka dzemotokari kungangorangarirwa bedzi pachinyorwa, pasina ufakazi hutsva kana kuti nharo huru. Ichi chivako chinoratidzira ganhuriro dzenhau zhinjisa dzedare romunzvimbomo asi chinogona kuva chichiri chinokosha nokuda kwokutarisana nerezinesi kana kuti faindi.

Kunyanyisa Nokukakavadzana: Migumisiro Inoshanda

Kunzwisisa kuti kurwisana uku kunopedzwa sei kunokosha kumunhu upi noupi anodzidza nezvemitemo.

Imwe nharaunda inozivikanwa navose youchangamire huviri, hunobvumira vose vari vaviri zviremera zvehurumende nehurumende kutonga mumwe chetewo pasina kuputsa dare raMaviri raClaus. Somuenzaniso, munhu anobira bhangi rakakombwa nehurumende anogona kutongwa nezvose zviri zviviri nokuda kwokuba uye hurumende yehurumende nokuda kwokubirwa kwebhangi. Iyi nheyo yakatsigirwa neDare Rapamusorosoro uye inoratidzira nzvimbo yakaparadzana yehurumende yenyika.

Imwe nharaunda yokubatira pamwe inobatanidza kuwirirana mukuita kuti mutemo utevedzerwe. Masimba ebasa akaumbwa nehurumende, nyika, uye nomunzvimbomo anozivikanwa navose nenzira inowedzera, zvikurukuru nokuda kwokuchengetwa kwemirimo nerougandanga. Nepo aya masimba ebasa achigona kuva anoshanda, anomutsawo mibvunzo pamusoro pemiitiro yesangano inoshanda, kuti ufakazi hunogoveranwa sei, uye chinoitika apo pane kusabvumirana pamusoro pemitoo kana kuti zvokutanga.

Makakatanwa anomukawo apo mitemo yehurumende nemitemo yenyika zvinoputsika, somunharaunda yokuchengetwa kwembanje. Pasinei zvapo nechirambidzo chehurumende, nyika dzakawanda dzakanyoresa pamutemo mishonga kana kuti mbanje yenhandaro.Izvozvi zvinoparira kusawirirana pakati pokudzikamisa mutemo wehurumende nemutemo wehurumende, kuchitungamirira kukudzikamisa kusingawirirani kwemitemo uye kusava nechokwadi kwapamutemo nokuda kwamabhizimisi navanhu vamwe navamwe.

Chikonzero Nei Zivo Yenhema Ichikosha Kuvadzidzi Nevadzidzisi

Kuvadzidzi venhau nomutemo, kunzwisisa misiyano yemitemo hakusi chinhu chisinganzwisisiki, uye zvine zvazvinoreva pakuongorora nyaya dzematare, kuti zviitiko zvezvakaitika kare zvinotsanangurwa sei, uye kuti kuchinjwa kwemitemo mune ramangwana kungaitwa sei.

Munhau, miganhu yehurumende yakaumba zvinoitika zvikuru zvemitemo.Civil Rights Movement, somuenzaniso, yakapesvedzerwa zvikuru nenyanduko pakati pesimba rehurumende nerehurumende, nematare ehurumende kazhinji kazhinji anopinda kudzivirira maruramiro ayo matare ehurumende akanga aramba.

Nokuda kwavadzidzisi, mhatsa yokudzidzisa inogona kubetsera vadzidzi kukudziridza unyanzvi hwokufunga kwakakomba pamusoro pemiitiro yemitemo. Panzvimbo pokupa gadziriro yemitemo sechinhu chimwe chete, vadzidzisi vanogona kushandisa misiano yapamutemo kuenzanisira kuti mitemo yapamutemo inoumbwa sei nenhau, uye mamiriro ezvinhu ekare. uku kugadzirira vadzidzi kuti vabatane nemibvunzo yapamutemo nenzira yakajeka, vachiziva kuti mhinduro kumubvunzo wapamutemo kazhinji kazhinji inotsamira paunobvunzwa mubvunzo wacho.

Nokuda kwaavo vanorangarira mabasa mumutemo, kuchengetwa kwomutemo, kana kuti muitiro wavose, zivo yapamutemo inokosha. Vatongi vanofanira kunzwisisa kuti idare ripi rine simba pamusoro penhau yavo uye kuti imirairoi inoshanda. Vakuru vakuru vanotarisira mutemo vanofanira kuziva ganhuriro dzechiremera chavo uye apo masangano ehurumende kana kuti ehurumende anofanira kubatanidzwa. Vagadziri vemitemo vanofanira kurangarira kuti chinjo dzomutemo pamwero mumwe wehurumende dzichabatana sei nemitemo pamwero.

Kupedzisa: Zvinoreva Mhatsa YevaJudha Vakasiyana - siyana

Misiyano mumitemo yokuchengeta mutemo nemiitiro yedare mumativi ose eU.S. haisi zvikanganiso mugadziriro yacho; zvinhu zvegadziriro yehurumende iyo inogovera noune simba kudzivisa kudzikamiswa uye kubvumira kuedza. iyi mhatsa inoreva kuti ruramisiro haishandiswi nenzira yakafanana munyika yacho yose, asi inorevawo kuti nyika nenzvimbo zvinogona kugadziridza gadziriro dzazvo dzemitemo kuti zviratidzire mipimo nemigariro zvomunzvimbomo.

Nokuda kwomunhu upi noupi anofunda gadziriro yemitemo yeAmerica, nzwisiso huru ndeyokuti inhau dzokudzora. Inosarudza kuti imitemoi inoshanda, isangano ripi rinoita kuti ive nesimba, idare ripi rinonzwa nhau yacho, uye kuti mutoo wacho unoitika sei kubva pakuvamba kusvikira kumugumo. Kupfurikidza nokunzwisisa iyi misiano, vadzidzi navadzidzisi vanogona kutanga nzwisiso yakarurama zvikuru neyakaoma zvikuru yemashandire anoita mutemo. Sangano ringava rakaoma kunzwisisa, asi kuoma kunzwisisa ndiko kunoibvumira kuita kuzvinodikanwa zvakasiyana - siyana zvorudzi rukuru nedzakasiana - siyana.