Simba RavanaGavhuna Mumutemo Wemhoteredzo

Gavhuna vane nzvimbo yechienzi muAmerica sevakuru vakuru vehurumende dzavo, vanoshandisa chiremera chikuru pamusoro pomutemo wemhoteredzo nemirau. Utungamiriri hwavo hunogona kukurumidzisa kugamuchirwazve kwesimba, kusimbisa gadziriro dzokuchengetedza, uye mipimo inonangidzira kushatisa (kana kuti inogona kumisa, kunonozetsa, kana kuti kunetesa nhamburiko dzimwe chetedzo. Kunzwisisa magadzirirwo anoitwa migumisiro yenhungamiro yehurumende kunokosha kuvadzidzi, vagadziri vemitemo, uye vagari vemo vanotsvaka kudzora mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma ehurumende okudzora mhoteredzo.

Chishandiso chagavhuna chinobatanidza zvirango zvehurumende, simba remari, zvikarakadzo zvemari, zvirongwa zvemitengo, zvirongwa zvemitemo. Chimwe nechimwe chezvishandiso izvi chinogona kugadzirirwa kumisa muitiro wemhoteredzo munzira yakati. Uyezve, magakava ezvamatongerwe enyika (wezvematongerwe enyika) kudzorwa kwedare rehurumende, pfungwa dzavose, kuvimba nepfuma dzemusikirwo, uye zviratidzo zvehurumende . Nyaya ino inonzvera kuti vatongi vanodzora sei mutemo wemhoteredzo, vanopa zvifundo zvenhau kubva kune dzimwe nyika dzezvamatongerwe enyika, uye vanoedza migumisiro yenguva refu yeutungamiriri hwavo.

Masimba Ebumbiro reMitemo Nesangano Revatongi Muutongi Hwemhoteredzo

Mirayiridzo Yavatungamiriri uye Kutungamirira Hurumende

Gavhuna vanowanzoshandisa zvirairidzo zvevakuru vakuru kuti vaise muitiro wemhoteredzo pasina kumirira chiito chemitemo. Somuenzaniso, gavhuna angaraira Department of Environmental Protection kuti agamuchire mipimo inodzorwa zvikuru nokuda kwenzvimbo dzesimba kana kuti kuisa mibvumiro yezvirongwa zvesimba zvinomutsidzira. Iyi mirairo inotakura simba romutemo nokuda kwamasangano ehurumende uye inogona kuita chinjo dzinokurumidza. Mirairo yechiremera ine chiremera inosimbisa zvikurukuru apo miraudzo yenyika inodzorwa kana kuti inodzorwa nebato inoshora, ichibvumira gavhuna kuita pasina kuganhurirwa kwomutemo wehurumende.

Kushandisa Simba uye Kushandisa Mari

Simba ragavhuna rinogona kuvhara mutemo wemhoteredzo unopinzwa nehurumende. Iri simba rinoraira vaiti vemitemo kuti vataure zviri mukati mezvikwereti kana vasina kunyanyova vapfumi vanodikanwa kuti vakunde. Nenzira yakapesana, gavhuna anogona kusaina zvikwereti izvo zvinofambisira zvinangwa zvemhoteredzo, kuratidzira zvokutanga kusangano rehurumende neravoruzhinji. Kudzora kwemari kunogovera mumwe mutezo: majeniparati emari anoronga mari inogoverwa nokuda kwepurogiramu dzemhoteredzo, kuchengetwa, uye nzvero. Kupfurikidza nokuwedzera kana kuti kuderera kwemasangano akadai seBato reNatural Resources kana kuti i Air Seaty Board, gavhunaria anokurudzira zvakananga basa rehurumende kuti ishandise mitemo yemhoteredzo.

Kugadzwa Kwevatungamiriri Vezvemhoteredzo

Gavhuna anogadza vatungamiriri vemasangano ehurumende emhoteredzo, pamwe chete nemitezo yamapuranga akawanda nemabasa anotarisira kutarisirwa kwezvishandiso zvomusikirwo, kushatisa, uye gadziriro yesimba. Idzi sarudza dzinoumba nzira yokuita nayo pamutemo kwamakore. Gavhuna anoisa dziviriro yemhoteredzo achasarudza vatungamiriri vane chinyorwa chekusimbisa kwakasimba uye unyanzvi hwesayenzi. Gavhuna anotendera kubviswa kwemhoteredzo achasarudza vadzorwi vanogoverana uzivi ihwohwo, kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji vachitungamirira kukugadzira mitemo mishomanene uye zvirango zvishomanene zvavaputsigirisi. Gavanaralments Association yeNational Ambustration inogovera miraudzo yemiitiro yezvokudzo yakasimba nesayenzi. iyo inoratidzira kuti zvinhu zvemhoteredzo yapasi pano kuchasiyana zvikuru zvichitsamira pakutungamirira.

Zvinhu Zvine Mufungo Zvezvamatongerwe Enyika Nemhoteredzo Zvinotanga

Kunzwisisa misiyano iyi kunobatsira kutsanangura chikonzero nei nyika dzakavakidzana dzichigona kuva nemitemo yezvakapoteredza zvakasiyana - siyana zvikuru pasinei zvapo nemamiriro ezvinhu enzvimbo akadai, kuvambira pakurwisa kwemamiriro okunze okurwisa mamiriro ezvinhu emhoteredzo.

Gavhuna Dzinoramba Dzichifambira Mberi uye Kufambira Mberi Kwemamiriro Okunze

Gavhuna muhurumende dzakadai seCalifornia, Washington, New York, uye Oregon vakaita mitemo yenzvimbo yenzvimbo inoshuviwa, vakagadza mipimo yemipimo yenzvimbo inodzorwa, uye vakatanga nhano dzokuita kuti vawane kusatora rutivi kwecarbon. Ava magavhuna kazhinji kazhinji vanoisa muitiro wemhoteredzo sezvose zviri zviviri murairo wetsika nebanza rezvemari, vachisimbisa kuti kuiswa kwesimba kwakachena kunoparira mabasa uye kuderedza ndyiko dzoutano dzenguva refu. Kuraira kwechiremera kubva kuvatongi vanofambira mberi kwakatanga zviteshi zvegwenya regreenter yega yemhepo inodziyisa, kwakaraira kuti zezero dzokurera motokari dzokufambisa motokari, uye kwakasimudzira gadziriro dzeruramisiro mhoteredzo dzinovavarira kuderedza shatiko munzanga dzakaderedzwa.

Vatongi Vanochengetedza uye Kudzikamisa Mari

Vatongi vanochengetedza vanowanzoisa mipimo yezvisingadzorwi pakukura kwemari, simba, uye kudzorwa. Vangadzivisa mipimo yokubudisa tsvina yakasimba kana vachidavira kuti mitemo yakadaro ichakuvadza maindasitiri akadai seoiri negasi, kurima, kana kuti kugadzira. Vamwe vakapa mirayiridzo yezvokudzora mhoteredzo kuti idzokere kumirayiro yakagara nhaka kubva kuhurumende dzakapfuura, zvakadai sokuderedza kudzivirira mvura kana kuti kuderedza kudzokororwa kwemhoteredzo. Zvisinei, magavhuna ane ruzivo rwamano anotsigira dzimwe nguva anosimudzira mishonga yemhoteredzo inosimutsiridza, zvakadai sokuchengetedza nokuzvichengetedza nokuzvikwereta mitero zvokuzvikwereta, zvikurukuru apo miitiro iyoyo inowirirana nefaro dzeindasi kana kuti betsero dzemari dzomunzvimbomo.

Basa Rezvidzidzo Zvenyika uye Mafungiro Evanhu

Murangariro wavose nokudzorwa kwavagari vemo wedare rehurumende kudzikamisa zvikuru mano agavhuna okuumba muitiro wemhoteredzo. Gavhuna anotarisana nedare rinodzorwa nebato rakasiana angaparapatika kupfuudza zvikwereti zvikuru zvemhoteredzo kana kuti angavimba zvikuru nemirairo yavakuru vakuru inogona gare gare kudenhwa mudare kana kuti nehurumende dzinotevera. Magavhuna ehurumende eGwayana eGavhuna anowanzofamba zvakanaka, achigamuchira matanho emhoteredzo yakapoteredza kuti akwidze kuva muvhotera ane mwero apo anoramba vamwe vangagona kubvisa mibatanidzwa. Mutambo pakati pamagavhuti nedzimba ungaparira mamiriro ezvinhu makuru emitemo apo utungamiriri hunogone kugadzirwa uye anomanikidzirwa.

Kuongorora Nyaya: Kukurudzira Kuita Zvemagariro

California: Jerry Brown, Gavin Newsom, uye Climate Leadership Agenda

California yakabatira kwenguva refu sechirongwa chetsika yemhoteredzo. Gavhuna Jerry Brown (2011-2019) akasainwa mutemo unorevesa chirongwa chepeturo netrade chehurumende, akaisa chipfuro chesimba rinomutsidzirwa na50% pa 2030, uye anoraira masangano ehurumende kuronga nokuda kwokukwira kwemvura. Mutsivi wake Gavin Newsom, akaenderera mberi kuti kutengesa, kubudisa murayiro wevakuru vakuru unorambidza kutengeswa kwemotokari itsva dzinoiswa simba ne 2035 uye kutungamirira [[FLT: 0] Nhenga dzeMoves Board kusimudzira miraudzo inoderedza kugadzirwa kwemitengo. Mapepanhau anoratidzira kuti gavhuna anogona sei kushandisa chiremera choukurusa kuti agadzirise nguva inodzorwa noutsinye pasina kutsigira kwechamubatanidzwa muchadenga.

Florida: Rick Scott, Ron Desantis, uye Mhatsa seNzvimbo Yezvamatongerwe enyika

Vatongi veFlorida vakauya kutsika yemhoteredzo yakasiana kupfurikidza nerens yezvokushanyira nzvimbo, nzvimbo, uye kurima. Rick Scott (2011-2019) vakatarisana netsoropodzo nokuda kwokucheka mari kusangano remhoteredzo rehurumende uye nokuda kwokudzivisa mitemo yemvura yakachena yehurumende. Zvisinei, mutsivi wake Ron DeSAntis, akaita mutoo wakasiana, kuisa nhevedzano yevakuru vakuru muna 2019 iyo yakaita simba idzva rebhuruultal albacture, rakagovera mabhiriyoni eEverglades kugadziridza, uye akagadza nharidzano yokuderedza kushatisa kushatiswa kwemvura mumigero yemvura. Chinyorwa chemhoteredzo chapashatio yemhoteredzo chinoratidzira kuti grenator anogona kukurumidza kushandura pakati pebato rimwe chetero revo revo pamusoro pekushambadzamunyungu, uye shatiota upfumi hwehurumende yehurumende yomunzvimbomo.

Texas: Greg Abbott uye Energy Arbalism

Texas, nyika ino hurusa yeoiri negasi, inopa muenzaniso wakasiana. Gavhuna Greg Abbott akanangidzira ngwariro pakuchengeta simba rehurumende nepo achitsigirawo kukwikwidza kwakati mumhepo nesimba rezuva. Texas inotungamirira nyika mukugadzirwa kwesimba remhepo, mugumisiro wemasimba ose ari maviri emisika nemitemo yehurumende yakare yaitsigirwa namabhinya apakuvamba akadai saGeorge W. Bush naRick Perry. Zvisinei, Abcott akashora miraudzo yemhepo yakaisvonaka uye akadzivisa mitemo yemeta yemubatanidzwa weMetanetic, achikwidzisa puro yesimba. Kusvika kwake mumitengo yepfuma yemari kazhinji kunoratidzira sei betsero dzemari kubva muzvicherwa zvamatura nezvinogadzirwa zvinogadzirwa nokugadzirwa zvinogadzirwa zvinogadzirwa nezvinogadzirwa zvinogadzirwa nezvinogadzirwa nebhizimisi zvakagadzirwa nefambwazve nebhizimisi.

Washington: Jay Inslee uye Gavhuna Wemamiriro Okunze

Jay Inslee, gavhuna weWashington kubvira muna 2013 zvichienda mberi, akachinja mamirire okunze enzvimbo yake. Akasaina Washington Clean Energy Transformation Act, inoda 100% magetsi akachena panosvika 2045, uye akashandisa maodha evakuru vakuru kuti vakurukure nezvecarbon inobudisa mumotokari nezvivako. Gavhuna weInslee anogona kushandisa purogiramu yezvakapoteredza kuti avake nyika uye atsigire miganhuro yezvingaitwa nehurumende. Kubudirira kweWashington kwakatsamirawo padare rehurumende rinotsigira uye pamitengo yezvamatongerwe enyika, zvinhu zvingasavapo mune dzimwe nyika.

Zvinhu Zvinosimbisa Kana Kuti Zvinovhiringidza Kushanda Kwomuviri

Kudzika Mitemo kweHurumende

Kuumbwa kwedare rehurumende kunotapura zvakananga mano agavhuna okuisa mutemo wemhoteredzo. Gavhuna ane kamuri dzose dziri mbiri anogona kubvisa zviri nyore zvikuru zvikwereti kupfurikidza nedare, mari yakachengeteka, uye kudzivisa kupfura. Nenzira yakapesana, hurumende yakakamukana inowanzotungamirira kumirano yemitemo, namagavhuna anoshandisa mirayiridzo yavakuru vakuru sebasa. Mudzimwe nyika, muvhoti akabvumirawo zvirongwa zvezvakapoteredza zvinogadza mutemo zviri kunze kwomutongi nemupi wemitemo, zvakadai semipimo yesimba inomutsidzi kana kuti mitero yecarbon.

Mitemo Yemhoteredzo Yakaganhurirwa

Chinjo muhurumende dzinoparira mvumo kuti magavhuna awedzere kana kuti kubvumira nhamburiko dzehurumende dzemhoteredzo. Mukati mekudzora kweTrump, magavhuna eDemocratic akawanda akashandisa mirairo yavakuru vakuru nemitemo yehurumende kutsigira zvipfuro zveParis Agreement uye kukurira kudzongonyedzwa kwemvura yakachena nemiraudzo yemhepo. Apo dare reBiden rakapindazve muChibvumirano cheParis nechiito chemhoteredzo chemo, magavhuna anofambira mberi akawana mubiyakeri wehurumende anotsigira, nepo dzimwe nguva magavhuna asingachinjiki ai anodzivisa mitemo mitsva yehurumende, achidudza chiremera chehurumende netapurofiti yemari. Ikoku kweshure-ka-kachete-yati kutungamirira kwegaberner anoshanda sei mukati mamiriro ezvinhu ehurumende ayo ose ari maviri okudzikamisa kubatira uye kudzo.

Kuderera Kwemari

Kutsamira kwezvemari pakuwana zvicherwa zvemafuta, zvokurima, kana kuti kugadzira zvinhu zvakanyanyisa kunopesvedzera chimiro chagavhuna wemhoteredzo. Somuenzaniso, Gavhuna muRocky Mountain West, vakatsigira marasha negasi romusikirwo sezvo vanotsigira mhepo nezuva. MuMidwest, vatongi vanobva kunyika dzokurima vakarwisa dziviriro dzehurumende nemiraudzo yemishonga inouraya, vachipomera kuti vanotyisidzira upenyu hwemari. Kuwedzera kwezvemari kunoderedza uku kuoma; masangano anokura ezvoruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu kana kuti mashandiro anosimudzira basa kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji anogamuchira mitemo yemhoteredzo yakakomba nemhaka yokuti vanonzwisisa kuva nengozi shoma kunzvimbo yavo yomutero.

Mabhero Ane Midzi uye Kumanikidzwa Nevanhu

Mapoka ehurumende uye kushatisa mhoteredzo anogona kumanikidza magavhuna kuita chiito kunyange apo angada kusaita chimwe chinhu. Kumuka kwenzvimbo yepwere, chishoro kukushambadzira, uye funganyo pamusoro pomugariro wemvura zvakamanikidzira vose vari vaviri vaRepublican naDemocratic kukurukura nhau dzemhoteredzo. Muzvimwe zviitiko, vatongi vakapindura kupfurikidza nokuita madare ezvokuronga ruramisiro, kuwedzera kwemari nokuda kwepurogiramu dzeruramisiro dzemhoteredzo, kana kuti kutora rutivi mumibatanidzwa yemamibatanidzwa yenzvimbo yapasi. .S.Climate , boka ramagakava ramagavhuna rakapiwa zvinangwa neParis, kutsigira kuti dzvinyiriro yavose nesangano rehurumende igogona kuita kuti pave nezvinopfuura zvii zvingaitwa nehurumende zvipi.

Nhaka Yenguva Refu Yokutungamirira Kuchikwenzi

Mitemo yemhoteredzo inoitwa kazhinji kazhinji inopfuura nguva yayo muhofisi (asi isati iri nguva dzose. Mirairo mikuru yeCalifornia inogona kubviswa navatsivi, nepo mutemo unosimbiswa mumutemo wenyika unogara zvikuru. Zvibvumirano zvokuronga purogiramu dzemhoteredzo zvinogona kuchinjwa apo gavhuna mutsva anodzosera mari kune zvimwe zvinhu zvinokosha. Bva dzimwe nhanho dzinowana mutengo unogadzikisa: somuenzaniso, mipimo yemotokari yeCalifornia yave inogamuchirwa namamwe maruwa ane gumi namana, kugadzira musika une simba uyo kunyange hurumende yehurumende isingagoni kubvisa nyore nyore nyore. Nenzira yakafanana, vatongi vokutanga mapaki, vanodzivirira mikoto yemhuka, kana kuti kuita kuti mari yakachena isiye muuyo wokunyama neyosero yesangano iyo miuyo yemhoteredzo yavanhu kwamakumi amakore.

Nenzira yakapesana, magavhuna anonetesa kuchengetwa kwemhoteredzo kana kuti kuderedza simba resangano resangano angaparira kuvadziko refu inodhura kudzokera shure. Mvura dzapasi, nzvimbo dzapasi dzakashatiswa, uye ndyiko dzoutano dzavanhu dzinowedzera zvinogona kupfuurira nguva refu pashure pokunge udzori hunodzorwa hwamasangano hwapaburidha hwaenda. Nhaka yezvisarudzo nokudaro inoyerwa kwete bedzi mumitemo kana kuti mitemo yevakuru vakuru inosaidzwa, asi mutapuro dzinowedzera padziro yomugariro wemhepo, zvinhu zvemvura, zvisikwa, uye nzanga zvakanaka.

Mupeto: Basa Rine Mufungo Rehurumende Munzanga Dzemhoteredzo

Hutungamiriri hwehurumende isimba guru mumutemo wehurumende wemhoteredzo. Kupfurikidza nemirairo yavakuru vakuru, simba rezvirongwa, kudzorwa kwemari, uye kugadzwa kwesangano, magavhuna anogadza nhungamiro nefambiro yetsika yemhoteredzo. Pesvedzero yavo inodzorwa nebato rezvamatongerwe enyika, kurongwa kwehurumende, migariro yemari, uye dzvinyiriro yavose. Sezvo zvinetso zvemhoteredzo zvinokura(kuchinja kumugariro wemhoteredzo kukura kusvikira kukurasikirwa neshatiso yemhoteredzo yapasi kujeka(8), zvisarudzo zvakaitwa namagavhuna hurumende zvichatova zvinotova zvinotova zvinototevererwa zvikuru. Naizvozvo vadzidzi vehurumende yemhoteredzo inofanira kusano ngwariro kuvanhu vanochengeta aya mahofisi ane simba uye masimba ezvamatongerwe enyika ayo anoumba zvisarudzo zvavo. Kunzwisisa kuti mamiriro ezvinhu emhoteredzo yapasi anodzokororwa sei, tiwana mufananidzo wakajekeswa zvikuru wekubudirira, kuoma, kuoma kutsika mamiriro ezvinhu.

Nokuda kwokuraviwazve, [[FLT: 0] Environmental Protection Agency yehurumende nepfuma yomunzvimbomo inogovera kupetwa kwakakwana kwemasangano ehurumende anoshandisa sei mitemo yemhoteredzo yehurumende, nepo Conference yeNyika yeState Legislatures[ ichiita kuti zvisaririra zvezvakapoteredza zvizivikanwe ndokuitwa kuyambuka nyika dzine makumi mashanu.