United States Congress inomira sebazu romutemo rehurumende yehurumende yehurumende, sangano rakagadzirirwa kuva nzvimbo yokutanga yokuita mutemo worudzi. Rakaumbwa neChikamu I cheBumbiro reMitemo, Congress rakafungwa naFramers sebazu rehurumende rine simba zvikurusa uye rakananga. Chivako charo, zvisinei, chakanga chisiri chisarudzo chiri nyore. Gadziriro yebimeral yatinoziva nhasi. "Mamierameral yeImba yaVamiririri naDare (*) wakanga uri mugumisiro wakananga wokusabvumirana kukuru kweChibvumirano cha 1787, chisaririra chikuru pakati pezvikamu zvikuru uye nezviduku. Ikoku kwakaparira kubvumirana nemitemo kuwirirana kwezvisarusarudzi neuchangamire hwehurumende, kuvimbisa kuti hapana chinhu chimwe chaigona kudzora nomutoo uri nyore.

Kunzwisisa chirongwa cheCongress kunokosha pakunzwisisa maitirwe emitemo, kuparadzirwa kwesimba, uye kuti hurumende yehurumende inobata sei nevanhu vokuAmerica.

Badameral Fandesheni: Kubvumirana Pane Zvisina Kufanira Kukuru

Kuumbwa kweChibvumirano chemachamber maviri chakanga chiri chigadzikiso cheFramers kuimwe yekurukurirano dzinonetsa zvikurusa paConvention yeBumbiro reBumbiro reMitemo. Nyika huru, kufanana neVirginia, dzakarevererwa nokuda kwePlan Virginia[, iyo yakakarakadza chirongwa chehurumende yavanhu chakavakirwa pavagari vemo bedzi. Iyi tsika ingadai yakapa miganhu mikuru zvikuru simba guru zvikuru muhurumende yehurumende yehurumende. Mitengo miduku, yakadai seNew Jersey, yakabatanidzwa ne [[FLT:] Plan:3], iyo yakadana nokuda kwechirongwa chavanhu chakabatana apo hurumende imwe neimwe yaizova nechivhotiko, pasineidzo chavagari vemo chavanhu vakafarikanya pasi peMasangano makuru eConterne.

Dare rakatyiswa kubvisa kokorodzano yose. Rakatyorwa naRoger Sherman weConnecticut, uyo akakarakadza Dare guru chigadzikiso icho chakabatanidzwa namativi ose ari maviri egadziriro. Chinowirirana chakaumba Tsinty[ chakagadza dare rezvikamu zvechikamu: Imba yaVamiririri yaizoratidzira kuenzana kwakavakirwa pachiverengero chavagari vehurumende, nepo Dare raizopa ratidziro yakaenzana navagadziri vemitengi vaviri paruwa. Ichi chivako chakaumba nheyo yenheyo yehurumende yevoruzhinji nenheyo yomubatanidzwa yetsika. Ikoku hakuna kuponesa bedzi kokorodzano asi kuumbwawo muboka ravanhu vose vari vaviri vakashongedzerwa kumirira mamiriro ezvinhu.

Imba Yevamiririri: Inzwi Ravanhu

Imba yavamiriri yakagadzirwa kuva imba iri pedyosa navanhu veAmerica. Mitezo yeImba inobatira mashoko amakore maviri, urefu hupfupi hwakaringana zvokuti vanofanira kuramba vachiteerera nguva dzose zvinodikanwa nemirangariro yavanhu vavo. Uku kutenderera kunowanzova kwesarudzo kunovimbisa kuti Imba iratidzire chimiro chapanguva ino chorudzi, ichiruita mutumbi wemitemo unogamuchira noune simba.

Kukwezva uye Kumirira

Imba yacho ine mitezo yokuvhota [[[FLT: 0] ine 435], nhamba yakatemwa neChiito Chokuhwina cha1929. Hurumende imwe neimwe inogoverwa zvigaro zvakati kuti zvakavakirwa pavagari vayo sedecPrecion U.S... Nhamba. nevagari vemo vakakwirira, zvakadai seCalifornia, Texas, neFlorida, dzine vamiririri vakawanda, nepo nyika dzisina kuwanda zvikuru kufanana naWyoming, Vermont, uye Alaska dzine nzira imwe chete. Iyi inozivikanwa se trapition , inosimbisa kuti kumirira muNhando yakabatanidzwa zvakananga nokuparadzirwa kwavagari veAmerica. Pashure pokuverenga, kutaura, kurasikirwa kana kuti kurasikirwa nemutoonzi basa rezvamatongerwe enyika.

Zvinodiwa uye Nguva Yakakodzera

Bumbiro reMitemo rinogadza zvinodikanwa zvitatu nokuda kwokubatira muImba: mumiriri anofanira kuva ane makore 25 okukura, ave ari mugari weU.S. kwaanenge makore manomwe, uye kuva mugari wenyika yavanomirira panguva yesarudzo. VaFramers vakagadza nokudisa chinodikanwa chezera rakaderera kupfuura Dare kuti vakweve vaduku, vatungamiriri vane simba zvikuru vanotsinhiraniswa nefariro dzavagariwo zvavo. Masimba masimba amakore maviri anomiririrwa kunhinhimira kunhira, achivachengeta vachizvidavirira zvakananga kuruwa rwavo rwomunzvimbomo. Iyi fashoni yakaitirwa kuita kuti Imba ive nzvimbo yemirangariro yavose yapamhiko netanhiko nokukurumidza.

Utungamiriri Negadziriro

Imba inotungamirirwa ne Mutauri weImba , nzvimbo inosarudzwa nemitezo yakazara yeImba uye yechipiri mumutsara nokuda kwechigaro chaPurezidhendi. Sweinger ndiye mukuru mukuru anotungamirira, mukuru mukuru weimba, uye mutungamiriri webato revoruzhinji. Masimba eSunger anobatanidza kugadza miganho yewisciation, kugadza mitezo yedare, uye kunongedzera kumatare. Pasi peMutauri ari Mutungamiriri wedare [[FLT:] Magerist [[FLT:]], [FLT]], [FLT:] [4] mubato [FLT], uye mubato [FFFLT]

Masimba Akasiyana Nemamwe: Simba Rezvinodiwa Nezvinodiwa

Bumbiro reMitemo rinopa Imba masimba akasiana- siyana akakwana. Zvikurukuru, Origination Clause [Mazita okutanga] (Makurukota, Chikamu 7) inoda kuti zvikwereti zvose zvokusimudza mari zvinofanira kutangira muImba. Iri "simba rechikwama" icherekedzo yokutanga yeImba pabazu rebumbiro rebasa neDare. Kuwedzera, Imba ine simba rimwe kuvakuru vakuru vakuru vehurumende, kubatanidza Purezidhendi. Impeyi ipo kupomerwa kwapamutemo wechakaipa, inoshanda semhosva mumutemo woutsotsi. Imba inovhotera kuidzo, nhau inotumirwa kudare nokuda kwokutongwa.

Dare: Muviri Unozvidemba

Kana Imba yacho yakanga yakarongedzerwa kuva inogamuchira vanhu, Dare rakagadzirirwa kuva risingadzoreki nerakadzikama. Vagadziri vakada kuti Dare rishande se “muto unogadzira tsvina" nokuda kwomutemo, kuderedza zvishuvo zveHumba zvine simba zvaigona kuva nouchenjeri, ruzivo rwokuzviwanira, uye murangariro wakafara. Chivako cheDare rinokurudzira kufunga kwenguva refu uye kugadzira mitoo.

Mufananidzo Wakaenzana Nebetsero yeHurumende duku

Dare rinoumbwa nemitezo [[FLT: 0] 100 , nevanomirira nyika imwe neimwe, pasinei zvapo nechiverengero chavagari vemo. Iyi mufananidzo wakaenzana unoiswa muChikamu V cheBumbiro reMitemo, icho chinoraira kuti hakuna hurumende inogona kunyimwa muDare rayo rakaenzana. Iyi igadziriro ndeimwe yemativi mashomanene asina kuchinjika eBumbiro remitemo, inoisa basa rakakomba rehurumende duku rinotamba mudzikamo yomubatanidzwa. Somuuyo, semubatanidzwa, mutengi weWiming anomirira vanhu vanenge 580 000, nepo mutengi anobva California anomirira mamirioni 40. Iyi inobvisa simba duku muimba yapamusoro, inodzivirira mativi adzorwa kudzivirira mativi adzoro makuru.

Zvinodiwa uye Nguva Yakakodzera

Vagadziri vanofanira kuva namakore anenge 30 okukura, vave vari mugari weU.S. kwaanenge makore mapfumbamwe, uye kuva mugari wehurumende yavanomirira. Shoko ramakore matanhatu rakarebesa zvikuru kupfuura iro renhengo yeImba, kugovera vatsigiri vane kudzikamiswa kukuru uye kudzorwa mudzvinyiriro dzenguva pfupi dzezvamatongerwe enyika. Kudzorwa kunosundwa zvokuti inenge imwe-chitatu yeDare inokwidzwa nokuda kwokubatanidzazve makore maviri ari ose . Uku kudzoka kunokatyamadzwa kunodzivisa kushandurwa kwakakwana kweimba imwe neimwe murusarudzo, kuvimbisa kupfuurira kwezivo yemitengo. Kurangarira kwapakuvamba kwakatsaurwa kunoitwa nehurumende, kwakatosarudzwa kunoitwa kupfurikidza nokushandiswa kwehurumende. [FTSVS]

Utungamiriri Negadziriro

Mutungamiriri weUnited States anobatira se [ mutungamiriri weDare , anotungamirira marusando nokuvhota zvisungo zvinopedzisa. Dare rinosarudza [ . .Presidenti yepropromodenti [ youkuru, kuti itungamirire musingavipo waPrezidhendi, zvikurukuru mutezo mukurusa webato. Simba redi remitemo, zvisinei, rinova noMutungamiriri we [[FLT:] [[FLT]], uyo anogadza uriri, anodzora, uye anotungamirira nzvimbo dzapamberi dzebato hurusa.[5]

Simba Rakasiyana Nemamwe: Mazano uye Kubvuma

Dare rine masimba akakwana anoriita nzvero ine simba pautungamiriri. Kupfurikidza nedare rinobvumira chibvumirano, Dare rinofanira kutaurirwa naPrezidhendi (richida kuva namatatu matatu makuru) ndokusimbisa kugadzwa kukuru kwevakuru vakuru nedare, kubatanidza mitezo yedare rehurumende, vatongi vehurumende, uye vaDare vakakwirira. Uku kusimbisa kunopa pesvedzero huru kuDare panhungamiro yeSango yehurumende nebazi guru. Dare rinobatirawo sedare redare mumitongo. Kana Imba ikavhotera kuti irege kutemwa mutengi mukuru, dare rinoita kuti kutongwa, uye mavhotera maviri anovhotera adikanwa kutonge kutorerwa uye kubviswa dare.

Kuchinja Kunoita Bhiri: Bhazi Rinochengetedza Upenyu

Muitiro wokushandura pfungwa kuva mutemo womubatanidzwa ndewenguva refu uye wakaoma, unoratidzira vavariro yavaFramers kuva nechokwadi chokuti mutemo unorangarirwa nokungwarira. Nepo Imba neDare zvine miitiro yakasiana, mutemo unofanira kupfuura makamuri ose ari maviri muchimiro chakafanana usati wagona kutumirwa kuna Purezidhendi.

Kutanga uye Kudzorera

Mutezo wepepa unogona kutangwa nenhengo ipi neipi yekamuri rimwe nerimwe. MuImba, mutengi unoiswa mu "hotera" nomumiriri. MuDare, muteveri anongokwira kuti azivise pamutemo wacho wakwana. Angotangwa, mutengo wacho unogoverwa nhamba uye unonongedzerwa kudare rakakodzera [ nokuda kwokuhwirudzura. Iri idare rinonongedzera kurusarudzo rwakakomba, sezvo chigaro chedare chine simba rinokosha pamusoro pokuti mutero wacho unowana ngwarirozve here.

Chiito cheDare: Kunzwa Nokucherekedza

Matare ndiwo mabhiza eChibvumirano. Mukati me kurangarira, mitezo yedare inobvunza nyanzvi, vakuru vakuru vehurumende, uye vapinyi pamusoro pesimba regweta nedikanwo. Pashure pokunzwa, dare rinoita kuti dare ribate [ purogiramu apo mitezo inopa gadziridzo nekurukurirano mutsara wepepa. Dare ipapo rinovhota kuti ripire musengwa kutebhii rakazara, tafura, kana kuti riuraye chose chose. Dare rinotonga kuuraya ruwa rwaro rwaro, sedare rinowanzova rinobvisa dare rakazara.

Kuita Nezvomutambarakede: Kukakavadzana Nokudzidzisa

Kana mutengo wangoshumwa bedzi, unoenda pauriri hwekamuri rawo rakatsaukana. MuImba, Dare ringagadzira kurukurirano, kutema kuti mutengi wacho uchakurukurwa kwenguva yakareba sei uye kana tsivo dzinogona kupiwa. Imba inokurumidza kufambiswa nokuda kwoukuru hwayo. MuDare, kurukurirano youriri haina kurongwa zvakanaka. Varendi vanogona kutaura kwemaawa, kupa miganhu isina kuganhurirwa, uye kushandisa kana kuti maTricbuster kunonotsa kana kuti kuvhara vhoti. Voruzhinji vakapfava vanodikanwa kupfuudza zvikwereti zvizhinjisa mudzimba dzose dziri mbiri, kunyange zvazvo muteveri wedare muDare rinoraira mavhotera 60 nenzira inobudirira nokuda kwemitemo.

Kugadzirisa Kusawirirana: Matare Omusangano

Kuti chibvumirano chive mutemo, chinofanira kupfuura makamuri ose ari maviri mu zvakafanana. Kazhinji kazhinji, Imba neDare zvinopfuudza shanduro dzakasiyana- siyana dzomutemo mumwe chete. Kupedza iyi misiyano, dare rinoumbwa, rinoumbwa nemitezo mikuru inobva mudzimba dzose. Vanobvumirana pane zvisina kufanira, vanozivikanwa semushumo [[[[FLT:]].

Chiito chaPurezidhendi: Chiratidzo, Veto, kana kuti Pocket Veto

Kana makamuri ose ari maviri angotendera murairo wokupedzisira, unotumirwa ku Purezidhendi. Purezidhendi ane mazuva gumi (anopfuura maSvondo) okuita chiito. Mutungamiriri wenyika anogona kuisa chibvumirano mumutemo. Kana Purezidhendi [[FLT:]] [[FLT]]] wirotoes [[[[FLT:]]] revota [[FLT]]] inodzoserwa kuPurongedzerongedzero, inodzoserwa neshoko rokuramba. Congresssion inogona ipapo kupfuudza na [[FLT:] 2] hoves vhootass [[FLT] mudzimba dzose, kumanikidza mumutemo pasina kutendera. Kana Purezidhendi akasaita chiito mukati maawa gumi murusaitiro, zvisinei, kana kuti nhambo yedare remitemo ifa munhambo yedare.[5]

Basa Ramatare: Mabhiza Okushanda eDare

Matare anobvumira nhengo kuti dzikudziridze unyanzvi mune dzimwe nzvimbo, kubva pakurima nokuzvidzivirira kusvika pakuisa mari mubhengi uye kubatanidzwa kwedzimwe nyika. Vanoshanda sevachengeti vemagedhi, kubvisa zviuru zvezvikwereti zvinosundwa kusvika panhamba inodzorwa.

Matare Akamira

Aya matare echigarire akaumbwa nemitemo yekamuri rimwe nerimwe. Imba ine matare 20 akamira, nepo matare makuru ane 16. Anobatanidza [[FLT: 0] Aprformations (idzo dzinodzora kushandiswa kwemari yehurumende), [[[FLT:]] ZVINOTATIKA] ZVINODZO] [[FLT:] , [FLT] , [FOLT] , [FFF]FF] .[FFFF:]

Sarudza Matare Anokosha, uye Akabatana

Kusarudza kana kuti Matare chaiwo anotangwa kwechinguvana kuti anzvere nhau dzakananga, dzakadai seDare Rinosarudza Dare paUchenjeri kana kuti Imba January 6. Vanogona kuitisa mishumo yokunzwa nenhau asi havagoni kuvamba mutemo. [ Matare aMarefu anobatanidza mitezo inobva mumakamuri ose ari maviri uye kuisa ngwariro panhau dzeitiro, dzakadai seDare reMarudzi eZvomhindu kana kuti Dare rimwe paKubhadhalisa.

Misangano Inotsigira: Nyanzvi Dzinoongorora Mutemo

Kuita zvisarudzo zvakaziviswa, Congress inotsamira pamasangano akawanda asingatsigiri anogovera nzvero, kunzvera, uye utarisiri hwemari. Office yeBankiro (CFLT) inonzvera pesvedzero yemitengo yemitemo inokarakadzwa, ichigovera fungidziro dzinokosha pakugadzirwa kwemiitiro yemitemo. Hurumende yeMatare okuzvidavirira (GAO)[FLT] inopa mishumo inodzorwa sei uye kudzorwa kwemitengo yehurumende nokuda kwokubudirira nokubudirira.

Simba Risingaperi Nezvinetso Zvazvino Uno zveDare

Chivako cheCongress, chakaberekwa kubva mukubvumirana kwegore ra1787, chinoramba chakasimba zvikuru. Gadziriro yebimaral inovimbisa kuti mutemo unofanira kubvisa matanda maviri akasiyana, rimwe rinomirira vanhu uye rimwe rinomirira nyika. Iri chivako chakagadzirirwa kuita mitemo ine mwero, inogamuchirika zvikuru. Kunyange zvakadaro, Dare rinotarisana nezvinetso zvikuru, kubatanidza kuwedzera kwemarongedzero emitemo, kazhinji kazhinji, uye kuderera kwetenderwa kwavose. Chimbichimbichimbichimbichimbichimbichimbiso chamboshandiswa, chakava chidhura chivhoti chetsika, kazhinji kazhinji chinoda mavhoti 60 okuita mutemo mukuru. Ikoku kwaita kuti pave nokuwedzera mukushandiswa kwemarongedzero, muitiro unosiya mugari wehurumende asi unoramba kubhadharwa.

Pasinei zvapo neizvi zvinetso, Congress inoramba iri nzvimbo huru yekurukurirano yedemocracy nokuita mitemo muUnited States. Kuvakwa kwayo nemabasa akasiyana - siyana nokuda kweImba neDare, gadziriro yedare rakasimba, uye gadziriro ine simba yokunzvera pabazu guru. Nhanhano iyi ndiyo nhano yokutanga kukunzwisisa kuti hurumende yeAmerica inoshanda sei uye kuti vagari vemo vanogona sei kubatanidzwa nenzira inobudirira navamiriri vavo.