Sumo: Hwaro hweHurumende Muupenyu Hwezuva Nezuva

Hurumende dzinobatira senheyo dzenzanga yazvino uno, dzichigovera mabasa anokosha negadziriro izvo zvinogonesa nzanga kushanda, kukura, uye kubudirira. Kuvambira pamwero womunzvimbomo. “‘ uko dare reguta rinogovera mari yokugadzira makomba — kusvikira kumwero wehurumende — uko masangano anotarisira chengeteko yorudzi negadziriro dzemari — mitoro yehurumende inobata rutivi rwuri rwose rwoupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Kunzwisisa aya mabasa ari mukuita kubetsera vagari vemo kunzwisisa betsero dzinooneka dzehurumende uye kukurudzira kutora rutivi runozivikanwa muupenyu hwehurumende. Nyaya ino inonzvera mienzaniso yakajeka yenzira iyo hurumende dzinoita nayo mabasa adzo munzvimbo dzakawanda, kusimbisa masangano, uye miitiro izvo zvinoita kuti aya mabasa chaiwoi.

Kumanikidzwa Kuchengetedza Vanhu uye Kubvumira Mutemo

Kudzivirira kuchengeteka kwevagari vemo zvichida mutoro unooneka zvikurusa wehurumende.Iyi inobatanidza nhamburiko yakarongeka mumativi ose akasiana - siana nemwero yehurumende, zvose zvinoshanda kudzivisa utsotsi, kuita chimwe chinhu kumigariro yekurumidziro, uye kuchengeta nhevedzano. Kotsekano yavose haisati ichingova bedzi pamusoro pemapurisa; inobatanidza dziviriro yomwoto, kuita kwekurumidziro, uye kugadzirira ngwavaira.

Mahofisi Emapurisa

Mapoka emo amapurisa emunzvimbomo ndiwo anoisa mapurisa panzvimbo yapamutemo. Anopindura runhare 911, anonzvera utsotsi, nharaunda dzinotenderera, uye anoshanda nemitezo yenzanga kuvaka kuvimba nokudzivisa mubato woutsotsi. Mumaguta akawanda, mapoka chaiwo anotaura nhau dzakati dzakadai senarcotics, masimba masimba omumba, kana kuti cybercrime. Somuenzaniso, New York Police Department (NYPD) anoshandisa mapurisa anopfuura 35 000 uye anoita mapurogiramu akafanana nemutezo weSangano reSangano reSangano kusimudzira ukama hwenzanga ( NYD POD Honolicalecurecurecuty Policiation Police [[FLD1]]).

Mahofisi Okudzimisa Mwoto

Masangano emoto anodzivirira upenyu nenzvimbo panjodzi dzomoto. Kupfuura nokudzima mwoto, madhipatimendi ezvino uno anonzvera kudzivirira mwoto, anogovera dzidzo yavose pakotsekano yomoto, uye anopindura zviitiko zvine ngozi. Hurumende dzinopa mishumo yezvokudzima moto kuti muna 2022, madhipatitari omwoto akagamuchira mwoto unopfuura mamirioni 1,5, na 60% achiitika muzvivako zvinogara ( FIS AS Statistics). Hurumende dzinotsigira aya madhipatimendi anoshandisa mitero yomunzvimbomo uye dzinogovera mitero nokuda kwezvishandiso zvomunzvimbomo, rovedzo, uye vashandi.

Masangano Ezvokurapa Ekurumidziro (EMS)

EMS inogovera betsero yezvokurapa nokukurumidza mukati menjodzi, kazhinji kazhinji sorutivi rwehurumende yehurumende yehurumende. Magorokotera ezvekurapa nenyanzvi dzekurumidziro dzezvekurumidziro (EMT) zvinotumirwa kutsaona, hosha dzemwoyo, sitiroko, uye dzimwe migariro yokurapa. Mitemo yakawanda yeEMS inobatanidzwa namapurisa namadhipatimendi omwoto kuti ive nechokwadi chemhinduro yokukurumidza. Mumaruwa, hurumende dzingashandisa vazvipiri vazvipiri maEMS kana kuti vagoveridzi vadzori vezvipo kuti vachengetedze.

Kutarisira Kwekurumidziro Nemhinduro Yengwavaira

Pamwero wehurumende, masangano akadai seFederal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) anotsinhiranisa mhinduro yengwavaira nokuda kwezvinoitika zvikuru zvakadai semadutu, mafashamo, uye kudengenyeka kwapasi. FEMA inogovera mari nokuda kwokugadzirira, kunaya, uye nhamburiko dzokudzikamisa, kushanda nehurumende dzomunzvimbomo kuvaka nzanga dzakasimba. Somuenzaniso, pashure peHurricane Ian muna 2022, FEMA inoparadzira mabhiriyoni anopfuura $4 muyamuro kudzimba nenzanga (FEMA Hurricane Ian Reve Revery[FLY1]).

2. Dzidzo

Hurumende dzose dzinopa mari, dzinodzora, uye dzinotarisira masangano edzidzo kuti vave nechokwadi chokuti vana vose nevakuru vane mikana yokudzidza uye yokuvandudza unyanzvi hwoupenyu hunobudirira.

Zvikoro zvaVose K-12

Maruwa ezvikoro zvomunzvimbomo, anotsigirwa nemitero yenzvimbo neyamuro yehurumende, anotarisira zvikoro zvehurumende zvepuraimari nesekondari. Masangano aya anodikanwa kusvitsa mipimo yehurumende nokuda kwezvidzidzo, rugwaro rwepepa, uye basa ravadzidzi. Elementary neSecondary Education Act (ESEA), inotenderwazve sezvo Aniverse Students Resed Act (ESSA), inogovera mari yehurumende kutsigira vadzidzi vanoshaiwa, kunatsiridza kunaka kwomudzidzisi, uye kusimudzira zvitsva.

Dzidzo Yakakwirira

Hurumende nehurumende dzinoisa mari yakawanda mumakoreji namayunivhesiti. Mayunivhesiti avose anogamuchira mari inoshandiswa kubva kumari dzinorongwa, inobetsera kuchengeta mutengo wakaderera kupfuura masangano avanhu. Mukuwedzera, mapurogiramu ehurumende akadai saPell Grants nezvikwereti zvavadzidzi anoita kuti dzidzo yakakwirira isvike kumamirioni. Dhipatimendi reDzidzo reU.U.S. rinopa mari inopfuura mabhiriyoni $520 ( DHC [FLT]]) gore negore.

Vakura uye Kupfuurira Nedzidzo

Hurumende dzinopawo dzidzo kuvanhu vakuru, kusanganisira zvirongwa zvokudzidza kuverenga nokunyora, kurovedza basa, uye kosi dzenzanga dzepakoreji.Muitiro weMabasa wekurovedza mari neOpportunity Act (WIO) wemari uye mabasa kuvanhu vari kutsvaka kuvandudza unyanzvi hwavo kana kuti kuchinja mabasa. Dzidzo yavakuru inobetsera kuderedza kushaya mabasa, kuwedzera mari, uye kuvandudza basa rose mune zvoupfumi.

3. Kufambira Mberi Kwezvirongwa

Hurumende, zvirongwa zvekugadzira zvinhu zvinotsigira nzanga, ibasa rehurumende rakaipa. Pasina migwagwa yakavimbika, mabhiriji, makombiyuta, uye makombiyuta, masangano ezvoupfumi uye upenyu hwezuva nezuva zvaizomira.

Migwagwa Nenzira Dzakakwirira

Madhipatimendi ezvokufambisa omunzvimbomo neoruwa ane mutoro wokuvaka nokuchengeta migwagwa, migwagwa, uye mabhiriji. Hurumende yehurumende inogovera mari kupfurikidza neHighway Trust Fund, inotsigirwa nemitero yepeture. Muna 2021, Infractive Information Information Informationmental Invicement and Jobs Act inobvumira $ $,2 mabhiriyoni nokuda kwechokufambisa, kubhandero, uye maatomute napaipi inopesana napaipi yemiitiro yezvifambisoko mumaguta akadai seLos Angeles.

Zvokufambisa Zvoruzhinji

Hurumende dzinoshandisa mibatanidzwa yemabhazi, zvitima zvinofamba nepasi pevhu, zvitima zvinorerukirwa, uye zvitima zvinofamba kuti zvipe mikana yazvingada, yazvo inokwanisa kufamba.

Mvura Negadziriro Dzemvura Dzinoraswa

Kusvika kumvura yokunwa yakachena noutsanana ibasa rehurumende. Zvinhu zvinoshandiswa munzvimbo nedziri, kazhinji kazhinji ndezvoruzhinji, zvinorapa nokuparadzira mvura, kuunganidza nokurapa mvura inorasa, uye kudzora kuyerera kwemvura yemadutu. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) inogadza mipimo nokuda kwemvura yokunwa uye inomanikidzira Save Tood Water Act. MuFlint, Michigan, kundikano yehurumende yakatungamirira kunjodzi yemvura, inoparira kupindira kwehurumende nehurumende kutsiva mapaipidhireyi dzemu uye kudzorera mvura yakakotsekana yemitoro yose iri miviri (]).

Indaneti Yakapararira

Muzana ramakore rechi 21, kubhadharwa kwakafara kwazova kunokosha semagetsi. Hurumende dziri kuisa mari mukuwedzera kusvika kwapaindaneti kwakakwirira kumaruwa uye kunzvimbo dzakaderera. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) inotungamirira Affordmetationive Concemetation Program, iyo inogovera mari dzinobetsera mhuri dzinowana mari shoma. USDA’s Regatem Program inopa zvikwereti uye inobvumira kuvaka zvivako zvakafara mumatunhu ari kure.

4. Kurapwa

Vavariro ndeyokuva nechokwadi chokuti vagari vose vanokwanisa kuwana mabasa anodiwa okurapa nepo vachidzivirira vanhu pakupararira kwehosha uye njodzi dzoutano.

Zvinodiwa Nezvoutano Hworuzhinji

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) inotungamirira nhamburiko dzenyika kuongorora uye kuita chimwe chinhu patyisidziro dzoutano. Inoparira kupararira kwehosha, kunzvera, uye inopa nhungamiro dzokudzivisa zvirwere. Mukati medenda reCHOVID, CDC rakarongwa kuongorora, majekiseni okudzivirira nhomba, uye nhungamiro yavose. Hurumende nedhipatimendi rezvoutano romunharaunda inoshandisa mapurogiramu aya pamwero wenzanga, ichigovera makiriniki okudzivirira zvirwere, kuongorora zvirwere, uye dzidzo yezvoutano.

Zvipatara Zvavose Nemakiriniki

Hurumende dzakawanda dzomunzvimbomo dzinotarisira zvipatara nenzvimbo dzezvoutano dzenzanga dzinogovera tarisiro pasinei zvapo namano omurwere okubhadhara. Masangano aya ane utachiona hwakachengeteka anokosha zvikuru nokuda kwavagari vemo vanotambira mari shoma, vasina bhanki, uye avo vane zvinodikanwa zvakaoma zvokurapa. Health Resources and Service Administration (HRSA) inotsigira chipatara chinopa varwere vanobatira vanenge mamiriyoni 30 vari mhiri kweU.S.

Zvirongwa zveInishuwarenzi Youtano

Hurumende dzinotsigira gadziriro dzeinishuwarenzi youtano kuti dziwedzere kubhadharwa. Medicare inogovera inishuwarenzi nokuda kwavakweguru navanhu vane urema, nepo Medicaid inofukidza vanhu vanotambira mari shoma nemhuri. Affordcable Care Act (ACA) yakaita misika yakavakirwa pahurumende nemari inoshandiswa kuita kuti inishuwarenzi yomunhu oga ive inodhura zvikuru. Pamwe chete, purogiramu idzi dzakaderedza mwero usina kuchengeteka kusvika pedyo neyakaderera.

5. Kudzivirirwa Kwemhoteredzo

Kudzivirira mhoteredzo kwazova mutoro wehurumende unowedzera kuva wakatanhamara sezvo nzanga dzinotarisana nokushatiswa, chinjo yemamiriro okunze, uye kurasikirwa nemarudzi akasiyana - siyana.

Kugadziridzwa Kwezvinosvibisa

Cease Air Act and Clean Water Act inoita kuti EPA ive nesimba rokuisa miganhu pazvinobudiswa nokubudiswa kwemhepo zvinokuvadza mhepo nemvura. Somuenzaniso, EPA’s Cross- Stateous Devil Develoption Game inoda kuti nzvimbo dzine simba mumhepo dzideredze zvinoshatisa zvinotapura nzanga dzinodzika. Seta yacho inotarisirawo kucheneswa kwenzvimbo dzetsvina dzine ngozi pasi pepurogiramu yeSuperyund. Muna 2023, EPA yakakarakadza miganhuro yechadenga yecarbon parameter division kubva kunzvimbo dzine simba kuti dzisanduke kurwisa kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze emhepo.

Purogiramu Dzokuchengetedza

Hurumende pamwero yose dzinotarisira nzvimbo dzenzvimbo dzepasi, masango, utiziro hwemhuka, uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzakadzivirirwa. National Park Service inotarisira nzvimbo 423 dzinofukidza maeka anopfuura mamirioni 85, ichichengeta nhaka yomusikirwo neyomugariro. Hurumende nehurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinogadzira nzvimbo dzakasvibira, nzvimbo dzinochengeterwa zvinhu, uye nzvimbo dzinochengeterwa zvinhu dzomumaguta dzinogovera mabanza enhandaro nokuvandudza kunaka kwemhepo. Land and Water Conservation Fund inopa mari kubva pamafuta omumhenderekedzo yegungwa negasi zviri kuderera kuti zviwane ndokukudziridza nyika dzavose.

Kutangazve Kwesimba

Hurumende dzinosimudzira simba rakachena kupfurikidza nezvinonyandura mitero, mari, uye zvikumbiro. Federal Investicement Tax Crest (ITC) inokurudzira kugamuchirwa kwesimba rezuva kupfurikidza nokubvumira mabhizimisi navaridzi vemisha kubvisa chikamu chimwe muzana chendyiko yokuisa. Nyika zhinji dzine Mitemo yePortfolio inoda kudzorerwazve inodikanwa kugadzira mugove muduku wemagetsi kubva kumanyuko anomutsidzira. Somuenzaniso, California inoronga nokuda kwe 100% zero-carbon magetsi panosvika 2045.

Kutarisira Mari

Hurumende dzinoita basa guru mukuchengetedza upfumi hwakatsiga nohunobudirira.

Mitero uye Mari Inoshandiswa Nevanhu Vose

Mitero ndiyo inonyanya kuparira mitero yehurumende. Mitero, mitero yokutengesa, mitero yemakambani, uye mitero yemari yemari yedzidzo, mitero, dziviriro, uye mapurogiramu enzanga. Mitero inogonawo kushandiswa kupesvedzera mufambiro( somuenzaniso, mitero yezvivi pafodya nezvinodhaka inodzivisa kushandiswa kwefodya nedoro paanenge achigadzira mari yezvirongwa zvoutano.

Kudzorwa Kwebhizimisi

Masangano anodzora anovimbisa kuti mabhizimisi ashande zvakanaka uye zvakakotsekana. Secureties and Exchange Commission (SEC) inotarisira makambani evanhu kuti adzivise kubiridzira, nepo Federal Trade Commission (FTC) ichiita kuti mitemo inorambidza kuchengeteka kwevezvematongerwo enyika uye kudzivirira vatengi ishande. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) inoita kuti pave nemipimo yokuchengeteka pabasa kuti ideredze kukuvara nezvirwere.

Kusimba Kwemari Nokutsiga

Munguva dzekuderera kwemari, hurumende dzinoshandisa dzvinyiriro yemari yakadai sokuderedza mitero, mitero yakananga, uye mari inopedzwa nehurumende (kuwedzera kudikanwa nokugadzira mabasa). American Recovery and Reinvest Act ya2009 yeMadolare mabhiriyoni 31 muupfumi pashure peGreat Recession. Misi ichangobva kupfuura iyi, CORECES Act uye mapakiti okuyamura anotevedzerwa anopiwa mabhiriyoni $5 (Z $565 000 000 000 000) muyamuro yeCHOVID, mabhizimisi, vashandi, uye mhuri.

7 Zvirongwa Zvenzanga

Hurumende dzinodzivirira vanhu nemhuri dzine ngozi, dzichivabatsira kusvitsa zvinodiwa zvinokosha uye kuchengetedza chiremera.

Betsero Yezvokudya

SnaP inopa mari shoma inobatsira vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni 41 paavhareji ye $186 pamwedzi. Special Consolation Program yeMarigition for Women, Infants, uye Children (Wic) inogovera zvokudya zvinovaka muviri uye utano nokuda kwavakadzi vane pamuviri uye vana vaduku.

Betsero Yedzimba

Hurumende dzinoisa dzimba dzakaderera nokuda kwavarendi vemari inotambirwa kupfurikidza nepurogiramu dzakadai seHouse Chouchers (Prefece 8) uye zvirongwa zvedzimba dzavose. Department of Howany and Urban Development (HUD) inoita mapurogiramu aya, ayo anobetsera mhuri dzinopfuura mamirioni mashanu. Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinoshandisawo nhano dzokudzivirira kusava nemba, dzakadai sedzimba dzekurumidziro namabasa okukurumidza kuvhara.

Inishuwarenzi Yeurovha Nokuchengeteka Kwenzanga

Inishuwarenzi yezvemari yeurovha inogovera tsigiro yechinguvana yemari kuvashandi vanorasikirwa namabasa avo pasina mhaka yavo vamene.

8. Kudzivirira Kwamarudzi Ose Neukama Hwemarudzi Ose

Kudzivirira nyika pakutyisidzirwa uye kuva norugare pakati pevanhu vemarudzi ose ibasa rehurumende rinoita kuti pave nenheyo.

Mauto Ehondo

Department of Defense inotarisira mauto ane zvombo (Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, uye Space Force) Uto reUnited States rine vashandi vanoshingaira vanopfuura mamiriyoni 1,3 uye rinoramba riripo munyika yose kupfurikidza nezvivako nezvibvumirano. Rinoita mabasa anobva paugandanga hunorwisa ugandanga kusvikira kumabasa omutsa, zvakadai sokupindura kudengenyeka kwapasi kwe 2023 muTurkey neSyria.

Mashandiro Enjere

Masangano enjere akadai seCentral Intelligence Agency (CIA) neNational Security Agency (NSA) anounganidza ndokunzvera mashoko okuzivisa tyisidziro kuchengeteko yenyika. Anogovera zviziviso zvemipimo zvinozivisa kurongwa kwemiitiro nehondo. Office of the Guiner of National Intelligence inoronga nhamburiko pakati pamasangano 18 kuvimbisa kushanda kwouchenjeri.

Kubatsira Kwoutsinye uye Kwokunze Kwenyika

Masangano anotaurirana zvibvumirano, anosimudzira kutengeserana, uye anofambira mberi zvinhu zveUnited States kune dzimwe nyika.

Mugumisiro: Basa Riri Kuitwa Nehurumende

Mienzaniso iri munyaya ino inoratidza kuti mabasa ehurumende anoshanda zvakakura. Kubva kumapurisa omunharaunda nezvikoro zvehurumende kusvika kumasangano ehurumende anotarisira njodzi dzoutano uye kudzivirira nyika, hurumende dzinoita mabasa anokosha anoita kuti nzanga dzibudirire. Mitoro iyi hairambiki; inochinja - chinja kuti ive nezvinetso zvitsva, njodzi dzemamiriro okunze, zvirwere, uye masangano enzanga. Kudzora kunoshanda zvakanaka kunoda kuonekwa, kuzvidavirira, uye kutaurirana kwevanhu. Nokunzwisisa kuti mabasa aya anofambiswa sei, vagari vemo vanogona kuongorora zviri nani kuita basa rehurumende uye kutsigira miitiro inoshanda zvakanaka.