Ukama pakati pemitoro yehurumende nehurumende ibwe rinokosha resimba reAmerica. Kunzwisisa misiyano iri pakati peiyi mwero yehurumende kunokosha kuvadzidzi navadzidzisi zvakafanana. Nyaya inopa enzanisiro yakajeka yemitoro yehurumende nehurumende, kunzvera nheyo dzavo dzebumbiro remitemo, mabasa chaiwo, uye nharaunda dzinowirirana. Nokunzvera kuti simba rinokamuraniswa sei uye kuti rinogoveranwa sei, varavi vachawana nzwisiso huru zvikuru yetsika yakaoma iyo inodzikamisa chinzwano yorudzi nomutemo womunzvimbomo.

Kutangwa kweBumbiro reMitemo Rehurumende

Kupesana kwechiremera pakati pehurumende dzenyika nehurumende kwakatangira muBumbiro reMitemo reU.S. iyoyi gadziriro yakanga iri kubvumirana kwamaune pakati paavo vaida hurumende yakasimba naavo vaiitya kwaizokurira nyika. Bumbiro reMitemo rinopa hurumende yakananga, inoronga masimba akananga, akadai semari inoiswa, kuzivisa hondo, uye kutungamirira kutengeserana kwedzimwe nyika. [panguva ino] Chikamu ichi chinobvumira chiremera che10 chePremendement zvakajeka chinotaura kuti: masimba asingapiwi kuUnited States neBumbiro reMitemo, kana kuti kurambidzwa neUnited States, anochengeterwa kuUnited States, kana kuti vanhu. Chikamu ichi chinoreva kuti chiremera chidzore zvakananga, chibvumidze vanhu kuti vadzore nhau dzavo dzoutano, uye dzidzo yavose.

Chikamu chamashoko chakakwirira (Article VI) chinosimbisa kuti mutemo womubatanidzwa unokosha kupfuura mutemo wehurumende unorwisana, kuva nechokwadi chokufanana panhau dzorudzi. Zvisinei, miganhu chaiyoiyo yesimba rehurumende nerehurumende yakadenhwa kwamazana amakore, yakaumbwa nedudziro dzeDare Gurusa namasangano ezvamatongerwe enyika. Kunzwisisa iyi dzikamo ine simba kunokosha kukunzwisisa kuti United States inotonga sei imene.

Mitoro Yehurumende

Hurumende yehurumende inobata nhau dzinotapura rudzi rwose zvarwo, ichida kusvika kwakafanana kana kuti kubatanidza pfuma inopfuura simba rehurumende imwe neimwe. iyi mitoro inotorwa muzvose zviri zviviri Bumbiro reMitemo nemitemo. Zvikamu zvinotevera zvinorondedzera mativi makuru echiremera chehurumende.

Kudzivirira Nyika Nenhau Dzedzimwe Nyika

Hurumende yehurumende inobatira simba rakakwana pamusoro pomudziviriri worudzi. Purezidhendi anobatira saMutungamiriri-in-Chieff wamauto ane zvombo, uye Congress ane chiremera chokusimudza nokutsigira mauto, anogovera nokuchengeta mauto ehondo, uye anotanga hondo. Uku kudzora kwapakati kunovimbisa nhevedzano imwe yemiraudzo nekuita chisarudzo chakabatana. Department of Department rinotarisira Army, Navy, Air Force, Armar Cor Force, and Space Force Body, ine bhajerst , ine mari inodarika mabhiriyoni $80 000 000 (Z $Z $Z $1 gore negore. Mitemo yedzimwe nyika inyika inyikawo inyika inovawo nyika inotonga zvibvumirano (inozviisa kudzoro kuSangano), uye dare rehurumende renyika dzedzimwe nyika dzakarenje. Hurumende pavanoedza kuzviisa pasi pese.

Kutengeserana Kwenyika Nekudzorwa Kwemari

Chikamu I, Chikamu 8 chinopa simba rokudzora kutengeserana pakati penyika. Iyi [FLT Trade] Commerce Claus yakadudzirwa zvakafara, kuchibvumira hurumende kutarisira mibato inodarika mitsetse yenyika, kubatanidza kutakura zvinhu, kudzorwa kwemari, uye misika yemari. Somuenzaniso, Federal Trade Commission inoita kuti mitemo inorambidza kuronga mitengo, Sacial Stock ne Exchange Commission idzore mitesi yemitengo yemitengo, uye Dhipatime rezvokufambisa zvinhu zvinodzikamisa mipimo yekotsekano yeko yeko yekotsekano yemite yendege yehurumende inodzo yemitengo, uye Hurumende inodzika mitengo yezvokushandira panzvimbo yemari inodzora kutengeserana, uye pamutemo rinorwisana mumitengo yezvokutengeserana.

Kutamira Kune Imwe Nyika uye Kunzi Mugari Wemo

Kunyange zvazvo hurumende dzine batano yakati mukuita kuti vatamire (zvinoratidzirwa kupfurikidza nebatira pamwe nezviremera zvehurumende), hurumende yehurumende ine simba guru pamusoro pomutemo wokupinda munyika, kugarwa kwemhoteredzo, uye kudzorwa kwemiganhu. Mitemo inogadza mitemo inosarudza kuti ndiani angapinda, angagara, kana kuti kuva mugari wemo. Hurumende yeU.S. Hurumende yeUnigration Service inoita mavhiza uye makadhi akasvibira; Customism and Bourte Protection Protections requencesss chengetesssssssss nesvoms restructionss resvectives. Hurumende inogonawo kuparira kubviswa kwehurumende.

Mitemo Yemari Nemiitiro Yemari

Constitution inopa Congress simba rimwe chete rokuumba mari, kudzora ukoshi hwayo, uye kuranga. Department Treasurer Department inonyora nokugadzira mari yemissi, nepo Federal Reserve System inotarisira mugove wemari wenyika, inoisa mari yemubereko, uye inoshanda semubhadharo wezvirongwa zvokupedzisira muzvinetso zvemari. Hurumende haigoni kunyora mari yayo kana kuti kutanga mari yapamutemo. Uku kudzika mijenya kwapamberi yaivapo pasi peMitengo yeConfederation, apo nyika imwe neimwe yakabudisawo masangano anokwikwikwidza. Hurumende yehurumende inodzosa kubhangiswa kwemari namasangano ezve mari kupfurikidza namasangano akadai seFederal Depositit Inservectortion Corces.

Inishuwarenzi Yenzanga Nezvirongwa Zvokuremekedza

Gadziriro huru dzegarikano dzinorongwa pamwero wehurumende kuti dzive nechokwadi chokusaguma. [[FLT:] Sacurity inogovera kuzorora, urema, uye betsero dzakapukunyuka dzinotsigirwa kupfurikidza nokubhadhara mitero. Mecare inopa vanhu vane makore 65 navakuru navakaremara. [[FLT] inopawo vanhu] Inishuwarenzi youtano. [[FLT:] ] .[[FLT] program yeMitemo yemariation program [SNAP] inobetsera kubetsera mhuri kutenga zvokudya zvakaderera. Nepo zvinotaura kazhinji kuti iyi mirayiridzo yemitengo yemitengo, mipiro yemari neyakaro yemari itsaramwaro yehurumende inopiwawo muWashington. Hurumende yehurumende inowedzerawo purogiramu dzouganda pamusoro pezvirongwa zvemagano neyamubatanidzwa zvenzanga.

Kudzivirirwa Kwemhoteredzo

Hurumende yehurumende inoita mitemo yezvakatipoteredza munyika yose iyo inogadza mipimo yeshatiso yetsika, inodzivirira pfuma yomusikirwo, uye inotarisira nyika dzavose. Cease Air Act neClean Water Act inopa chiremera cheNdengedzo yeNdengedzo yokudzora kubudiswa kwemitengidzo, kubudiswa kwemvura, uye kunaka kwemvura. National Environmental Policy Act inoda mashoko ezvakapoteredza panzvimbo huru dzehurumende. Masangano eFrederal akadai seNational Park Service, U.S. Forest Service, ne Bureauragement of Lagement inotarisira maturagrated matura makuru enyika, zvikurukuru munyika dzokumadokero. United States inogona kuisa dziviriro zvakasimba asi inofanira kusvitsa zvinodikanwa zvishoma. Masangano anorwisana nemitemo yehurumende inoshora, seObama-Deccocation Power kana kuti Dran yeOtations National Beavity Beald Forvial Movement.

Mabasa Ehurumende

Masangano anoshandisa zvinonzi masimba (] chiremera chokudzora utano, chengeteko, tsika, uye garikano yavose yavagari vemo vawo. Aya masimba akafara uye anotapura rutivi rwuri rwose rwoupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Hurumende imwe neimwe ine murairo wayo imene, mutemi wemitemo, gavhuna, uye gadziriro yedare, inobvumira mhatsa huru mumaitirwe amabasa avanhu vose.

Dzidzo

Dzidzo zvikurukuru mutoro wehurumende neyomunzvimbomo. Hurumende dzinogadza mipimo yedzidzo, dzinoda kuedzwa kwakafanira, dzinogovera mari kumaruwa ezvikoro, uye dzinotanga zvinodikanwa zvomudzidzisi. Mabhodhi ezvikoro omunharaunda anofambisa zvikoro chimwe nechimwe, kazhinji kazhinji nekodzero. Kunyange zvazvo hurumende yehurumende inogovera mari yokuwedzera kupfurikidza namapurogiramu akadai seTitle I naMagariro eDzidzidzo dzaMarudzi, haidzoreri zvinodzidziswa. Uku kusvika kwakafanira kunoreva kuti rudzi rwedzidzo nezviri mukati marwo kunosiana zvikuru. Somuenzaniso, inotaura kuti, mukugamuchira kwavo mipimo yesayenzi, miitiro yedzidzo yevatano, uye zvinodikanwa zvevatano. kurukurirano dzazvinongoerekana zvazvinotsoropodza rondedzero yedzinza nezvinovhara.

Zvekufambisa Nezvirongwa

Hurumende ine migwagwa yakawanda, mabhiriji, uye migwagwa mikuru zvinova neyakawanda zvikuru. Madhipatimendi ehurumende epurani yokufambisa, mari, uye kuvaka mabasa kubva mumigwagwa yomunharaunda kusvikira mumativi makuru. Hurumende yehurumende inogovera betsero yemari inokosha kupfurikidza neHighway Trust Fund asi inoisa migariro, yakadai sokuda zera rokunwa rezera ramakore 21 kana kuti ganhuriro dzechimbichimbi - vhuvara. Masangano anodzorawo mumichina yezvitima, uye mitemo yemotokari. Nepo mari yehurumende inouya nematare ezvirongwa zvebhizimisi, inochengeta kungwarira muzvirongwa zvokutanga uye mitero kana kuti mari.

Utano Hwavose Nezvoutano

Hurumende dzinotarisira masangano outano hwavanhu anotarisira kupararira kwehosha, kudzikamisa mipimo yetsvina, uye mapurogiramu enhomba. Dzinodzorawo zvipatara, misha inochengetera vakwegura, uye makambani einishuwarenzi. Pasi peAffordhable Care Act, hurumende dzinogona kutanga misika yadzo dzoutano uye kukudza Micaid reginitsi. Kubvira muna 2025, 40 hurumende dzakakudza Médicaid, nepo 10 hadzina, dzichiratidza simba rechisarudzo chehurumende. Ngwariro dzoutano dzavose, dzakadai semurakata weCHOVID, dzakaona mirayiro inodzorwa, uye zvikwanikiso zvokudzivirira. Zvikwaratiso zvinoparira muganhu zvepamutemo pakati pamasimba ehurumende nekodzero dzavanhu. Hurumende yoruwa inogovera mari nenhungamiro yehurumende uye nyika huru yezvirongwa.

Kumanikidza Mutemo Neruramisiro Youtsotsi

Hurumende nehurumende dzinobata chiverengero chikurusa chemitemo: vanopfuura vakuru vakuru vehurumende namapurisa vomunzvimbomo vanoshanda kudzivisa utsotsi nokumanikidzira mitemo. Nyika dzinochengeta gadziriro dzadzo dzimene dzetorongo, dzinogadza zvirango zvoutsotsi, uye dzinotarisira matare edare. Hurumende yehurumende inongonzvera bedzi nhevedzano duku yemhosva(wmuenzaniso, kutengesa mirimo kwehurumende, kunyengera kwehurumende, uye ugandanga) kupfurikidza namasangano akadai seFBI. Zvisinei, hurumende dzinogona kugamuchira mitemo inorwisana nomuitiro wehurumende, zvakadai sokuitwa pamutemo kwembanje kana kuti kubviswa kwoutsotsi kwemirimo yakati. Idzi kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji dzinoguma mudare, umo chirango chehurumende chirevo chinodzora chinowanzobvumidzo chehurumende.

Mitemo Yezvinhu Nokupiwa Mutoro

Hurumende dzinodzora mativi ose ezvinhu chaizvoizvo, kubatanidza zviito, kugadzira nzvimbo, kushandisa nzvimbo, uye mitemo yemuridzi wenzvimbo. Dzinodawo marezenisi nokuda kwemabasa akawanda(vatambi, magweta, vachemi, vagadziri venzvimbo, vagadziri vemichina yemagetsi, uye mamwe akawanda. Magorokotera anodzosa makwikwi akaderera asi anoitawo mhingani dzokufamba; mukoti muTexas angada rezinesi idzva rokushanda muOregon. United States nenzira yakafanana dzinodzora kuumbwa kwebhizimisi (masangano, LLLLC), maraise, uye marezero okuchata. Mano okuedza nokusvika kwakasiana kwesimba ehurumende ndeimwewokushanda zvakanaka, inobvumira masangano okubatira se "Masangano ehurumende ehurumende yedemocracracy."

Kubhadhara Mutero

Nyika inoregerera mitero yayo vamene kuti itsigire mitero yokuripira mitero, kubatanidza mitero yemari inotambirwa, mitero yokutengesa, mitero yemitero, uye mitero yemari pamafuta, zvinwiwa zvinodhakisa. Muvhenganiswa unosiyana: Texas haina mutero wemari yehurumende asi mitero yezvinhu yakakwirira; Oregon haana mutero wokutengesa asi mitero yakakwirira; Tennessee nguva pfupi yapfuura inopa mitero yayo yemari inotambirwa. Uku kuvhotera kunobvumira nyika kugadzira mitoro yadzo kupfurikidza nezvinodiwa zvomunzvimbomo. Zvisinei, kunoparirawo makwikwikwi emabhizimisi navagari vemo, pane dzimwe nguva kunzi "ronda kupasi pevhu."

Simba Riri Kubatanidzwa: Mitoro Yakagoveranwa

Mabasa mazhinji ehurumende anoitwa nehurumende dzose dziri mbiri dzehurumende dzomubatanidzwa nedzehurumende, kuumba gadziriro yamasimba akabatana. Nepo mwero yose iri miviri ichigona kuita chiito, mutemo womubatanidzwa ungabvisa mutemo wehurumende apo unorwisana. Nzvimbo huru dzomutoro unogoverana dzinobatanidza:

  • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  • Zvirongwa zvikuru: Saka] migwagwa mikuru yeruwa kana kuti kudzorwa kwamafashamo zvinowanzoshanda. Hurumende yehurumende inogovera mari (kazhinji 80% kana kupfuura) asi nyika dzichiramba dzichidzora gadziriro nokuvakwa. 2021 Infrastruction Information Investication and Jobs Act yakaparadzira mabhiriyoni $550 kuti zviindero nokuda kwemigwagwa, mabhiriji, mabhiriji, mabhiriji, uye mvura yakachena.
  • Public Safety: Kuchengetwa kwomutemo kwehurumende kunobatira pamwe kupfurikidza namauto ebasa, mabasa akabatana, uye mashoko kugoverana. FBI namapurisa ehurumende zvinonzvera pamwe chete kutengesa mirimo, kutengesa vanhu, uye njodzi dzeIndaneti. Mukati mengwavaira, FAMA inotsinhirana namasangano anotarisira njodzi kuti agovere zvinhu.
  • Kudzikamisa kwemipimo yemotokari: United States inogona kushandisa gadziriro dzayo dzimene dzemhoteredzo chero bedzi ichisvitsa mipimo yehurumende. Somuenzaniso, California ine zvirango chaizvo zvinobva kuEPA zvokugadza mipimo inodzorwa zvikuru inobudiswa nemotokari.
  • Kupasa: Mari dzehurumende dzehurumende Medicare, Medicaid, uye Children’s Health Inishuwarensi Program, asi hurumende inotungamirira Medicaid ne CHIP pasi pemiraudzo yehurumende. United States inogona kukumbira zvikwereti kuti zviedzedze, zvakadai sezvinodikanwa zvebasa kuti iperedzeke. Afford Care Act's revolution Act kutemption netrunetic.
  • .Bank naInishuwarenzi: Kunyange zvazvo hurumende yehurumende ichidzora mabhangi enyika uye inodzora wirirano, inodudza dhipatimendi uye inodzora makambani einishuwarenzi mazhinjisa. Gadziriro yebhangi inobvumira mabhangi kusarudza dhipatimendi rehurumende kana kuti remotation. Ikoku kunoparira kupindirana kwetsika asiwo makwikwi ebhizimisi rokutera.

Zvinetso Zvazvino Uno Nerwisano

Kushanda kwehurumende hakusi kwakarerekera; dzikamo yako nguva dzose nemhaka yezvamatongerwe enyika, kutonga kwedare, uye njodzi.

Kunyoreswa pamutemo

Pasinei zvapo nokuisa mbanje muboka rehurumende sechikamu cheSamende I chaidzora pasi peSheadered Substances Act, 23 wezvematongerwe enyika vakanyoresa kushandiswa kwayo kwenhandaro, uye 38 vane kushandiswa kwezvokurapa kunobvumirwa nomutemo. Ikoku kunoparira mukaha umo mitemo yehurumende inobvumira mibato inoramba iri mhaka dzamasangano. Department yeRuramende pasi pevara remisi ichangobva kupfuura iyi yakasarudza kusamanikidza mutemo wehurumende munyika dzinodzorwa. Zvisinei, rwisano inopfuurira mukubhangisa, muvhotera, muvhotera, uye mutemo webasa. Dare rakundikana kuyananisa mibatanidzwa, mabhizimisi navashandiri mumitengo yepamutemo.

Kumanikidzwa Kutama

Dzimwe nyika, dzakadai seTexas neFlorida, dzakapa mitemo inoda kuti mutemo ureverwe kuti ubhadhare nezviremera zvehurumende zvokupinda munyika mupasi, ichiisa zvirango pa "maguta anogara vanhu." Dzimwe, kufanana neCalifornia neNew York, dzakaganhura kubatira pamwe. Dare Rapamusoro reSamende rakasarudza kuti nyika hadzigoni kugadzira zvirango zvavo vamene zvokubuda munyika (arizona v. United States, 2012) asi dzinogona kugoverana mashoko. Kumira kumira pamuganhu pakati pehurumende yehurumende nehurumende zvakafanana neTexas(kubatanidza kuiswa kwehwaro nezvinochengetedzwa muRio Grande(kutevera) kuedza miganhu yesimba renyika.

Muitiro Wokutarisira Utano

Affordlable Care Act yakatarisana nedenho dzakawanda dzebumbiro remitemo, kubatanidza chinodikanwa icho chinoti kufutunurwa Medicaid kana kuti kurasikirwa nemari yose yehurumende. Dare Gurusa rakataura kuti uyu mugariro wakanga uchiwirirana, uchiita kuti memesidhidhidhi ive yokusasarudza. Iyi chisarudzo yakabvumira hurumende kusarudza, kutanga basa rakaganhurirwa rokufukidzwa. Nenzira yakafanana, kudzivisa kwechikwangwano chehurumende mukati mekurwisa kwapanguva yehosha kwakatungamirira kumatare pakupedzisira akarovanisa mutemo wemushonga wemushonga wemushonga weOSHANA, kusimbisa ganhuriro pachiremera chomubatanidzwa pamusoro poutano hwavanhu vose.

Mipimo Yemhoteredzo

Kukwanisa kweCalifornia kuisa mipimo yemotokari pasi peCheaner Air Act kwave kuri nhandare yehondo yakadzokororwa. Vatarisiri veTrump vakabvisa raiver; vatarisiri veBiden vakaidzorera. Mitemo inosianawo pamiraudzo yemagetsi, mitongo yepaipi yemvumo, uye maruramiro emvura. Kutonga kweDare Rapamusoro re 2022 muWest Virginia v. EPA yakaganhurira mano eEPA okudzora gasi rinodziridza greenhouse pasina kubvumira kwakanangana kwapamutemo, kutsigira udzori hwehurumende.

mhedziso

Kunzwisisa misiyano iri pakati pemitoro yehurumende nehurumende kunojekesa mabasa anoita hurumende imwe neimwe muupenyu hwavagari vemo. Hurumende yehurumende painenge ichibata nhau dzorudzi(defense, kutama, kutengeserana kwepakati penyika) nharaunda dzinonangidzira ngwariro pazvinodikanwa zvomunzvimbomo zvakadai sedzidzo, zvokufambisa, uye utano hwavose. Uku kupesana, kwakavakirwa muBumbiro remitemo uye kupfurikidza nokushandisa, kunobvumira zvose zviri zviviri chinzwano nemhatsa. Sezvo nyika ino inonangana nezvinetso zvitsva (kubva kuhosha itsva kumugariro wokunze) dzikamo yesimba richapfuurira kuchinjika. Kufunda nezvemitemo yehurumende hakusi kungoitawo bedzi muitiro wedzidzo yedzidzo; kunokosha kunzwisisa kuti muitiro unoitwa sei uye kuti vagari vemo vanogona kubatanidzwa sei nehurumende yavo pamwero yose.