Hofisi yavose ine chawakaronzeswa chinoyera. Vagari vanopa chiremera kuvakuru vakuru navashandi vehurumende, vachikarira kuti vashandise simba kwete nokuda kwokupfuma kwomunhu oga kana kuti betsero yezvamatongerwe enyika, asi nokuda kwezvakanaka zvakarovedzeka. Iyi kariro ikokumira kwehurumende yehurumende yehurumende. Tsika dzinotonga vanhu igadziriro yenheyo nemitemo zvinotungamirira mufambiro waavo vanova nechivimbo ichitungamirira. Apo mipimo yetsika inovandika, mibato yehurumende ine simba rapamutemo, inoshanda zvakanaka, uye inodzivirira nokururamisira. Apo inoputsa, chivimbo chavose chinoputsika, uye hwaro chaihwo hwehurumende inoshongedzerwa chikonzero nei tsika munzvimbo yavose ichifanira kukuva nedenho dzinotyisidzira perero, uye mipimo chaiyo yetsika yokuchengeta miitiro.

Basa Rapakuvamba Retsika Muhofisi Yavose

Tsika mukudzora hadzisati dzichingovawo zvadzo ganhuriro; isimba rakanaka rinogonesa kubetsera, kuzvidavirira, uye kuvimbwa. Pasina gadziriro yakasimba yetsika, kunyange masangano akanakisisa anogona kubatwa nefariro dzomunhu oga kana kuti kushatiswa negwinyiro yomunhu oga. Kusimudzirwa kwetsika kunotsamira pambiru dzakawanda dzinowirirana:

  • Vimba neHurumende. Chivimbo imari yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu. Apo ruzhinji runodavira kuti vakuru vakuru vanoita nokutendeseka uye mufariro yavose, vanodisa zvikuru kuwirirana nemitemo, kubhadhara mitero, uye kupinda muupenyu hwehurumende. Kunzvera kwakaitwa nePew Research Center kwakawana kuti chivimbo muhurumende chaderera zvikuru mumitengo mizhinji yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu, kombamiro yakasanobatana nemirangariro youori nomufambiro usina kururama. Mufambiro wetsika ndiyo nzira yakananga zvikurusa yokuvakazve nayo chivimbo.
  • Traise and Transparency. Tratiss inoda vakuru vakuru vehurumende kupindura nokuda kwezvisarudzo zvavo nezviito. Uku kuzvidavirira kunomanikidzirwa kupfurikidza nezviteshi zvokuona necherekedzo (zvakadai semisangano yavose, mapepa avose, uye kuziviswa kwemari) izvo zvinobvumira vagari vemo nemhesano kunzvera mubato wehurumende. Kana vakuru vakuru vanoziva zviito zvavo zvinooneka, vane bviro zvikuru kuita nenzira ine mufungo.
  • [ Basa pamusoro pemhindu yemunhu oga. Inzvimbo yebasa, kwete nzvimbo yefambiro mberi yomunhu oga. Mipimo yetsika inobatanidza iyi nheyo, inoyeuchidza vakuru vakuru kuti vatariri vezviwanikwa zvavose uye vanofanira kuisa nhevedzano yegarikano pamusoro pemhindu yomunhu oga. Ikoku kunokosha zvikuru munharaunda dzakafanana nokuwana, kugadzira, kugadzira nhindi, uye murairo, umo mabanza okuzviitira zvinhu ari akawanda.
  • [ Kubviswa kwoUori nokushandiswa zvisina kufanira kwesimba. Utongi hwetsika hunomanikidzirwa hunoshanda sechidziviso. Mitemo yakajeka, yakabatanidzwa nokutarisira kwakavimbika, inoita kuti zvive zvinodhura uye zvine ngozi kuti vakuru vakuru vakuru vapinde mufufuro, kurongerana, kana kuti zvimwe zvimiro zvouori. Uyezve, tsika dzinokurudzira kushuma kusazvibata kusati kwavapo.
  • Miritocracy neFair. udzori hwehurumende hunovimbisa kuti zvisarudzo zvinoitwa zvakavakirwa pamipimo yenhau yakananga(zvakadai sezvinodikanwa, mutemo, uye ufakazi) kupfuura batano dzomunhu oga, fufuro, kana kuti chizivano chezvamatongerwe enyika. Ikoku kusimudzira banza rakaenzana, kugoverwa kwakaisvonaka kwezviwanikwa, uye chivimbo chavanhu mumiitiro yehurumende.

Zvinetso Zvinoramba Zvichinetsa Kuutongi Hwematongerwe Enyika

Pasinei zvapo nebetsero dzakajeka dzomufambiro wetsika, vakuru vakuru vehurumende pamwero yose vanotarisana nedzvinyiriro dzakawanda nemiedzo zvinogona kukanganisa kuperera. zvinetso izvi hazvisi zvitsva, asi zvava zvakaoma zvikuru munguva yeupfumi hwenyika yose, kurukurirano dzemakombiyuta, uye zvematongerwo enyika zvakabatana.

Kusawirirana Nezvaunofarira

Gakava refariro rinomuka apo fariro dzapachivande dzehurumende dzinoda donzo rehurumende (_finanic, famial, kana kuti munhu oga) dzinogona kupesvedzera zvisina kufanira mabasa avo ehurumende. Ikoku kunogona kuva kwakajeka senhengo yedare rinovhota pabvumirano yekambani yaanayo, kana kuti kuva noukata somutungamiriri anopa tsinga kune waichimbova mushandirwi. Kunyange chitarisiko cherwisano chinogona kukuvadza chivimbo chavanhu. Kurwisana kunoda zvinodikanwa zvakasimba, miitiro yechapamhizha, uye hwirudzuro yokuzvimirira.

Kushaikwa Kwokuona Zvakareruka

Kana zvisipiki zvikanzi zvinenge zvine tsvina, kana kuti zvimwe zviri mugadziriro yemari inogoverwa, kugadzirwa kwegadziriro, kana kuti kuwanikwa kwemabhizimisi, zvinova zvakaoma kuti vagari vemo navanyori venhau vaone mufambiro usina kunaka. Nhanho dzokuona mativi ezviito, dzakadai semahomwe edata, misangano inogara, uye zvirongwa zvinogamuchirwa zviri pachena zvokunyorerana nevakukwidziridza, zvinenge zviri zvishandiso zvinokosha. Kunyange zvakadaro hurumende dzakawanda dzichiri kuramba kuoneka pachena, kududza chengeteko yenyika, chengeteko yezvokutengeserana, kana kuti mamiriro okutarisira akanaka, kunyange apo kururamisa ikoko kunenge kusisina simba.

Dzvinyiriro Inobva Mufariro Chaidzo Nokuzvinyima Zvokunwa

Vagamuchiri vakasanorongwa namapoka ezvifaro kazhinji kazhinji vane kusvika kwapashoma kwavanoita zvisarudzo. Ikoku kunogona kuguma nokubatwazve kwomutemo, uko masangano anofungidzirwa kubatira fariro yavose panzvimbo pezvo anobatira basa rinodzorwa namabasa avanotonga. Nepo kukwirira kuri rutivi rwapamutemo rwehurukuro yedemokrasi, kunofanira kuva kwakajeka uye kwakadzorwa kudzivisa pesvedzero isakafanira. Kubhadharwa kwapaimba yapamusha. / apo vakuru vakuru vakuru vanotanga mabasa mumaindasitiri aichimbo akatungamirira, kunoisa tyisidziro chaiyo kukusasarura nokuparira rwisano dzefariro idzo dzinogona kugara kupfuura nguva yehurumende.

Kudzidziswa Kwakakwana uye Kuziva Zvinoitika

Vakuru vakuru vazhinji vehurumende vanopinda muhofisi pasina rovedzo yapamutemo yetsika. Vangasaziva apo musiyano unoiswa pakati pokupa chipo kunogamuchirika nechiokomuhomwe, pakati porurango rwapamutemo nepesvedzero isina kufanira. Pasina nzwisiso yakajeka yenheyo dzetsika nemirau yakananga inoshanda kubasa ravo, kunyange vakuru vakuru vakuru vanosanotarisirwa vanogona kugumbuka. Dzidzo yetsika dzinopfuurira, dzinogadzirirwa mabasa chaiwo nenjodzi dzenzvimbo imwe neimwe, ichinhu chakakomba asi kazhinji kazhinji inodzorwa pasi pegadziriro dzeperero.

Zvinetso Zvesayenzi Nezvemadhimoni

Zera remichina rinoparira zvinetso zvitsva zvetsika. Vakuru vakuru vehurumende vanofanira kunzvera nhau dzakadai semazita akavanzika, tsvete yemitemo mukuita chisarudzo chehurumende, kunzvera kwekombiyuta, uye kushandiswa kwezvinobudisa nhau zvenzanga (zvose zviri zviviri somunhu oga uye zviri pamutemo). Somuenzaniso, nzvimbo dzapamutemo dzenzanga dzehurumende dzenzanga dzinogona kudzikamisa musiyano pakati pemafungiro omunhu oga nemitemo yehurumende, nepo mapurogiramu enhau asingazivikanwi akadai seWhasApp kana kuti Chisaini anogona kuparira kukurukurirana kunodzivisa kuoneka kwemitemo.

Kuchinja Zvematongerwe Enyika Nokuparara KwemaNorm

Muhurumende dzinosarudzwa navanhu dzakawanda, kubatana kukuru kwezvamatongerwe enyika kwakanetesa kunamatira kumipimo yetsika yamasanga. Vakuru vakuru vangaruramisa mufambiro usina kunaka sewakafanira kukunda vashori vezvamatongerwe enyika kana kuti kufambisira mberi nharidzano dzendangariro. Apo ruvimbiko rwokusavimbika runokosheswa pamusoro peperero yesangano, vapfuri vanonyaradzwa, mitumbi inotarisirwa inoregeredzwa, uye kuputsa tsika kusingarangwi. Uku kushatiswa kune ngozi zvikurukuru nemhaka yokuti kunoita kusazvibata kwomuzvarirwo uye kunoita kuti kuputsa kwomunguva yemberi kuve kuve kunobvira zvikuru.

Matanho Anoshanda Kuti Titsigire Kuperera Mukutonga

Kuvaka nokuchengeta pesvedzero yetsika kunoda mutoo wakarongwa wakawanda. Hakuna mutemo mumwe kana kuti bumbiro remitemo rinogona kuvimbisa perero; ichibereko chegadziriro yamasangano anotsamirana, miitiro, uye tsika. Matanho anotevera anokosha.

Mitemo Yakajeka Neinogombedzeka Yetsika

Mwero uri wose wehurumende unofanira kugamuchira bumbiro remitemo rine udzame retsika dzinoratidza mipimo inokarirwa yomufambiro, unorondedzera mufambiro unorambidzwa (sezvinei, kugamuchira zvipo, kushandisa nzvimbo yapamutemo nokuda kwemhindu yomunhu oga, kupinda mumubato wezvamatongerwe enyika apo unenge uri pabasa), uye kutanga miuyo nokuda kwokuputsa. Mabumbiro emitemo iwaya anofanira kuva manyoro mapenyu, akagadziridzwa nguva dzose kuti apedze zvinetso zvitsva, uye anodzorwa nemutumbi unozvimirira. Manyoro akananga anokwanisa kugovera nhungamiro yakajeka asi anochinjika zvakakwana kufukidza migariro isingadeyi kufungwa.

Kurasa Musungo Nezvinodikanwa Zvokuona Nazvo

Kuziviswa kwemari navakuru vakuru vehurumende ibwe reperero. Vakuru vakuru vanofanira kudikanwa kuzivisa pachena zvinhu, mari, mibayiro, uye nzvimbo dzokunze, zvose zviri zviviri pakutanga kwebasa ravo uye panhambo nenhambo pashure paikoko. Uku kuwanwa kunofanira kuva kunowanika nyore nyore kuvanhu vose nezvinobudisa nhau, uye vanofanira kuva vanorevererwa nesangano remitemo. Nenzira yakafanana, mibato yokutsigira, mipiro yenhimbe, uye zvibvumirano zvehurumende zvinofanira kunyorwa mukusechwa, manyuro akazarukira.

Mitumbi Inozvimirira Nokutarisira

Tsika dzisina kuvimbika ingori hwindowo zvaro. Komishoni yetsika dzinoshanda, mahofisi emongi, uye masangano anorwisana nouori zvinofanira kuva nechiremera chokunzvera zvichemo, magwaro esubpoena, kuva nezvibvumikiso, uye kuisa zvirango. Mitezo yavo inofanira kugadzwa kupfurikidza negadziriro isiri yechechi, idzivisiwe padzvinyiriro yezvamatongerwe enyika, uye inotsigirwa zvakakwana. Mienzaniso yakadai seObio - Divic Crectes Investigation Bureault kana kuti Anti-Corruption and Civil Rights Commission inoratidzira kuti kuzvimirira kwehurumende kunogona sei kuparira.

Kurovedza Tsika Dzokuzvibata

Vakuru vakuru vose vehurumende, kubva panzvimbo dzinoiswa vakuru vakuru vakuru, vanofanira kurovedzwa tsika dzapamutemo pakugadzwa uye gore negore pashure paikoko. Kurovedza kunofanira kufukidza bumbiro romufambiro, rezviitiko zverwisano, kushuma misengwa, uye fundo chaidzoidzo dzenyika. Zvirongwa zvinoshandira zvinoda vakuru vakuru kushanda pazvinetso zvetsika zvinoshanda zvikuru kupfuura hurukuro dzinodzorwa. Vavariro ndeyokuvaka nzwisiso inowirirana yekariro dzetsika uye kuraira vakuru vakuru vakuru kuti varambe apo vanomanikidzirwa kuita zvisina kufanira.

Dziviriro Dzakasimba Dzemavhuvhuvhu

Varwi vanowanzova dziviriro yokutanga mukurwisana nouori nomufambiro wakashata. Kunyange zvakadaro vakawanda vanotarisana nokutsiva (kutsiva, kusafunga, kudzingwa, kana kuti zvakaipisisa. Kudzivirira kwapamutemo kuri madikanwa kudzivirira varidzi verindi kuti vasatsiva, kubatanidza mikoto yokushuma yakavanzika, zvisarudzo zvakavanzika, uye mishonga yakadai sokudzorerwa kana kuti muripo. Kupfuurirazve, tsika inokoshesa kutaura, panzvimbo pokukuranga, inofanira kusimudzirwa kupfurikidza nomuenzaniso woutungamiriri nemirairo yakajeka. Sangano yeZvezve yeZvokwadi yeChenomic Cooso - reoperation and Development (OCD) yakabudisa nhungamiro dzine udzame pamusoro pokudzivirira kuripa kwapa.

Kuzvigutsa Kwakavakirwa Pakuita Uye Kusimudzira

Kupanisa nokuisa zvikwaniriso zviri pakati pevavengi vakurusa vehurumende yetsika. Gadziriro dzebasa ravagari vemo dzinobhadhara ndokusimudzira pahwaro hwakavakirwa pafariro, kupfurikidza nenzvero dzamakwikwi nokunzvera, dzinoderedza mikana yechizivano noushati. Apo vakuru vakuru vakuru vanopa nzvimbo dzavo kukwaniriswa panzvimbo pebatano, vane bviro huru yokuita mufariro yavose. Perero inofanira kuva mupimo wakananga mukuhwirudzura uye zvisarudzo zvokusimudzirwa.

Kutungamirira Masangano uye Tsika Dzemasangano

Mitemo nemitemo zvoga hazvina kukwana. Vatungamiriri vanotevedzera tsika, vanobvuma zvikanganiso pachena, uye vanozvipa mhosva kuti vazviise mupimo wesangano rose. Tsika dzinofanira kuumbwa mutsika kupfurikidza nekurukurirano dzenguva dzose, kuziva mufambiro wetsika, uye kusashivirira. Iyi jasi retsika kazhinji kazhinji rakaoma zvikuru kuti risvike asi rinogara.

Fundo Dzakakomba: Zvatinodzidza Pakukundikana Kwemaoresa Nekubudirira

Kunzvera mienzaniso yenyika chaiyoiyo kunobetsera kujekesa simba rokudzora kwetsika kwechaiko kwetsika — painokundikana uye apo inobudirira.

Chinokwezva Mumvura: Dambudziko Rakamanikidza Chinjo

Kuputsika kwa1971 padzimbahwe reDemocratic National Committee, uye kugadzirirwa kwebutiro kwakatevera naPurezidhendi Richard Nixon's, kwakaratidzira shambidziko inoparadza yomufambiro usina kunaka pamwero yakakwirira zvikurusa yehurumende. Watergate yakatungamirira kukurega kwaNixon uye nhevedzano yemiitiro yetsika muUnited States, kubatanidza kuumbwa kweHofisi yeHurumende yeHurumende, chinjo dzemari dzemari, uye kushambadza kweEcomputer Division Acts. Chishamiso chinoratidzira kuti simba risina kudzorwa, chivingo, uye chitendero chokuva pamusoro pomutemo zvinogonawo kushatisa hurumende yose. Kwakaratidzawo kuti mapepanhau, Congress, uye mutongi akazvimirira anogona kubatira senzverwa patsika dzavakuru.

Kuparara Kwacho: Kutarisira Tsika Dzakanaka uye Kutarisira Hurumende

Chinonyadzisa cheEron chakanga chisati chiri nhau yebasa ravose zvakananga, asi chakaratidzira kuti kundikano dzetsika muboka ravanhu voga dzinogona sei kupinda muhurumende. Vakuru vakuru vaEronron vakabatanidzwa muutsotsi hwemaakaundi hwakasanorongwa, nepo mipiro yezvamatongerwe enyika yekambani nokupesvedzera zvakabetsera mitoo yesimba negadziriro dzemiitiro zvakabetsera zvirongwa zvayo. Chinyadziso chakasimbisa kudikanwa kwehurumende yakasimba, kunzvera kwakasununguka, uye kutarisirwa kwetsika kwesuo resuo rebhizimisi pakati peindasitiri nehurumende. Yakatungamirirawo kuSarbanes-Oxley Act, iyo yakaisa kuzvidavirira kukuru pamabhoti ebhizimisi navakuru vakuru vakuru.

Singapore: Mupimo Wakaisvonaka Mukurwisana Nekushandiswa

Muma 1960, Singapore yakanga yakazadzwa nouori. Nhasi, nguva dzose inorangarirwa seimwe yenyika dzine ushati huduku munyika neTransparency International. Chinjo yakasundwa nemubatanidzwa wezvinhu: kuda kwakajeka kwezvamatongerwe enyika kuvambira pamusoro, kutangwa kweProcracy Practices Refestigation Bureau (CIB) ine masimba akasimba, kuderedzwa kukuru mukutonga (g., kubvisa kudzora kwakachenjera), mibhadharo yakakwirira nokuda kwavatongi navakuru vakuru kuderedza muedzo, uye nokukurumidza, chirango chakakomba nokuda kwavatadzi. Mhaka yeSingapore inoratidza kuti kunyange uori hwakasimba zvikuru hunogona kukurirwa nokuzvipira kunosanoitwa uye masangano akasano.

Kutanga Kurwisa Kushandisa Chikafu Munguva Ichangopfuura muBrazil neUkraine

Brasil Observatory Carshay inzvero yeBranch yeMitemo yeMitemo yeCar Wash, iyo yakafukunura zvirongwa zvepfumbamuromo zvikuru zvinobatanidza kambani yeoiri yakazviwanira nyika yePetrobrass nevakawanda vezvamatongerwe enyika, zvakaratidzira bviro yavachuri vezvipoka vakazvimirira nebatira pamwe yamarudzi ose. Zvisinei, zvakasimbisawo kusashanda kwenhamburiko dzehondo apo zvamatongerwe enyika zvinorwisa vanzveri. muUkraine, pashure pe2014 chinjo dzakatanga National Anti-Corruption Bureauauauau, , dare rezvokuzivisa magetsi. nepo zvinetso zvinosara negadziriro zvezvamatongerwe enyika zvinodzokorodzanwa zvinoramba zvichiratidza kuti nhau dzesangano uye kuti fambiro mberi dzinobvira kunyange mumhoteredzo dzakaoma.

Basa Routungamiriri Nokubatanidzwa Kwavose

Kutonga kwesangano kuri madikanwa asi hakuna kukwana. Kudzora kwevafundisi kunotsamira pakupedzisira paunhu nokuda kwomunhu oga — zvose zviri zviviri avo vari munzvimbo navanovasarudza.

Kuzvidavirira Kwevatungamiriri

Vakuru vakuru venzvimbo yakakwirira avo vanozvichengeta vamene kumupimo wetsika wakakomba vanotumira chiratidzo chine simba. Vanogona kudzivisa muedzo wokushandisa nzvimbo nokuda kwemhindu yomunhu oga, kuramba dzvinyiriro isakafanira inobva kuvapi kana kuti vatsigiri, uye kuomerera pakuoneka kunyange apo kunenge kusina kukodzera mune zvamatongerwe enyika. Apo vatungamiriri vanoisa kuvimbika panzvimbo yokutanga, kunova manyuko opamutemo nesimba, kwete utera. Nenzira inopesana, apo vatungamiriri vanozvidza pachena tsika dzapamutemo, vanogadza muenzaniso unoparadza uyo unoderera mutungamiriri wehurumende.

Kubatanidzwa Pachena Nenzanga Yavagari Vemo Kutarisira

Vagari havasi vatengi vehurumende vasingadzoreki; vachengeti vanoshingaira veperero. Mapepanhau akasununguka, mapepanhau anofeyafeya, masangano asiri ehurumende (zvakadai seTransparency International), uye vagariwo zvavo vanoda kuzvidavirira zvinokosha kuita kuti vakuru vakuru vakuru vavanhu vazvidavirire mhaka. Kutora rutivi kwavose mumashandiro emari, masangano emitemo akasununguka kunobetsera kuchengeta hurumende ichigamuchira. Ruzivo rwamabasa rwakagonesa zvimiro zvitsva zvokutora rutivi, kubva pamitemo yezvibvumirano zvemitengo yepapu yepapu yepanze.

Mitemo Yetsika Neyenyika Yose Muhofisi Yavose

Mipimo yetsika haisati iri yavose muudzame huri hwose: inoumbwa nemipimo yetsika yetsika, magamuchidzanwa emitemo, uye mashoko akapoteredza enhau. Somuenzaniso, miitiro yokupa zvipo ingasiana munzanga dzose, uye icho chinoumba rwisano isingagamuchiriki yefariro munyika imwe chingarangarirwa sesocial network muimwe. Zvisinei, nheyo huru dzakadai sokudzivisa kushandiswa zvisina kufanira kwesimba rehurumende nokuda kwemhindu yomunhu oga, kuita kusasarura, uye kuva anozvidavirira zvikuru mugadziriro dzedemokrase.

Kudyidzana kwenyika dzepasi pose kwakaomawo kudzora tsika. Chiokomuhomwe chemarudzi ose, kubhadharwa kwemari, uye kusabhadhara mitero zvinowanzobatanidza vakuru vakuru mumativi akasiyana - siyana. Kubatira pamwe kwemichero yemuchinjikwa kupfurikidza nezvishandiso zvakadai seUnited Nations Convention yokurwisana nouori (UNCAC) uye OECD AntiBriboy Convention inokosha. Makambani amarudzi akawanda anoshanda munyika dzine udzori hushoma anofanirawo kutora tsika dzapakati uye zvirongwa zvinowirirana kuti adzivise kuva anowirirana nouori.

mhedziso

Tsika dziri munzvimbo yavose inzvimbo inodzorwa nehurumende yehurumende. Haisi youmbozha inogona kutsaurwa apo kunenge kuri nyore, kana kuti mirau inogona kufuratirwa apo inenge yava inokangaidzwa. Panzvimbo pezvo, muitiro unopfuurira(ichibvumirano chokubatira voruzhinji nokutendeseka, kujeka, uye kuzvidavirira. Zvinetso zvinokurira: rwisano dzefariro, kuva noushamwari, dzvinyiriro kubva kufariro chaidzo, uye kuderera kwetsika muzera rokuvadziko netsika. Bva maturusi okugonana nezvinetso izvi zvinosanozivikanwa: mabudiro akajeka, kuoneka, kuoneka, kurongeka, kurongeka, kudzivirira, uye tsika dzetsika.

Pakupedzisira, kuchengeta perero muhofisi yavose kunoda kuvimbisana kwokushingaira kwomunhu ari wose ((masangano, vagari vemo, vanobudisa nhau, uye nzanga yavagari vemo). Apo tsika dzinotsigirwa, ruvimbo runobudirira, hurumende inova inobudirira zvikuru, uye hurumende inosarudzwa navanhu inosimbiswa. Apo inoregeredzwa, ndyiko haisati ichingoraswa bedzi kana kuti kuputsa pamutemo, asi kuderera kukuru kwesungano imene inobatanidza vanhu kuhurumende yavo. Mukuru mukuru mukuru ari wose nomugari ari wose ane basa mukuvimbisa kuti iyi sungano inokudzwa.