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Understanding how a bill becomes a law can seem complicated, but it follows a clear process. This article explains each step in simple language to help you grasp how laws are made in the government.
Introduction to the Lawmaking Process
In most countries, the process starts with the proposal of a bill. A bill is a written idea for a new law or a change to an existing law. It must go through several steps before it can become a law that everyone must follow.
Step 1: Proposal of the Bill
The process begins when a member of the government, such as a senator or representative, introduces the bill. This is called “sponsoring” the bill. The bill is then given a number and read for the first time in the legislative body.
Step 2: Committee Review
After the first reading, the bill is sent to a committee. The committee reviews the bill carefully, holds hearings, and may suggest changes. If the committee approves, the bill moves forward.
Step 3: Debate and Voting
The bill is then debated by the full legislative body. Members discuss its pros and cons. After the debate, they vote. If most members agree, the bill passes to the next stage.
Step 4: The Other House
If the bill starts in one house, it is sent to the other house of the legislature. The second house repeats the review process: committee review, debate, and voting. Both houses must approve the bill.
Step 5: Final Approval and Signing
Once both houses agree on the bill, it is sent to the head of the government, such as the president or governor. They review the bill and can either sign it into law or veto it. If signed, the bill becomes a law and must be followed by everyone.