Table of Contents
The United States Congress is a key component of the federal government. It is responsible for making laws, representing citizens, and overseeing the executive branch. Understanding how Congress functions helps clarify the legislative process and its role in governance.
The Structure of Congress
Congress is divided into two chambers: the House of Representatives and the Senate. Each chamber has distinct roles and responsibilities. Members of the House are elected every two years, while Senators serve six-year terms. This structure ensures a balance between quick responsiveness and stability.
The Legislative Process
Legislation begins with the introduction of a bill. It then goes through multiple stages, including committee review, debates, and votes in both chambers. If both approve, the bill moves to the President for approval or veto. This process ensures thorough examination of proposed laws.
Roles and Responsibilities
Members of Congress have several key duties. They create laws, allocate federal funds, and oversee government agencies. Additionally, Congress has the power to declare war, impeach officials, and amend the Constitution. These powers enable Congress to check and balance other branches.
- Draft and propose legislation
- Conduct hearings and investigations
- Approve budgets and spending
- Represent constituents’ interests