The Fundamentals of How Congress Functions: a Simple Overview

Congress is the legislative branch of the United States government. It is responsible for making laws, representing citizens, and overseeing the executive branch. Congress is divided into two chambers: the House of Representatives and the Senate.

The Structure of Congress

The House of Representatives has 435 members, each representing a district based on population. Members serve two-year terms. The Senate has 100 members, with two senators from each state, serving six-year terms.

The Lawmaking Process

Legislation begins with an idea, which is drafted into a bill. The bill is then introduced in either the House or Senate. It goes through several stages, including committee review, debate, and voting. If both chambers approve, the bill is sent to the President for approval or veto.

Roles and Responsibilities

Members of Congress have multiple roles, including creating laws, representing their constituents, and checking the actions of the executive branch. They also hold hearings and investigations to oversee government activities.

  • Draft and introduce bills
  • Debate and vote on legislation
  • Oversee government agencies
  • Approve budgets and funding