Table of Contents
The House of Representatives is a key component of the United States Congress, responsible for initiating legislation and representing the interests of citizens. Its powers and limitations shape the legislative process and influence national policy. Understanding what the House can and cannot do is essential for grasping its role in government.
Legislative Powers
The House has the authority to create and pass federal laws. All revenue-related bills must originate in the House, giving it significant influence over taxation and government spending. Members debate bills, amend proposals, and vote to determine their passage.
Impeachment Authority
The House holds the exclusive power to impeach federal officials, including the President. Impeachment requires a simple majority vote. Once impeached, the official faces trial in the Senate, which can remove them from office if convicted.
Limitations of Power
The House cannot unilaterally pass laws without Senate approval or the President’s signature. It also cannot declare war, a power reserved for Congress as a whole or the Senate. Additionally, the House cannot amend the Constitution; such changes require a constitutional amendment process.
Checks and Balances
The House’s powers are balanced by the Senate and the Executive Branch. While it can initiate legislation and impeach officials, the Senate must approve treaties and confirm appointments. The President can veto legislation, requiring the House to reconsider and attempt to override the veto.