Table of Contents
The structure of Congress and state legislatures determines how laws are made and how representatives serve their constituents. Understanding this structure helps you know who to contact and how decisions are made that affect your daily life.
The U.S. Congress
The United States Congress is divided into two chambers: the House of Representatives and the Senate. Each has distinct roles and responsibilities in the legislative process.
The House of Representatives has 435 members, with the number from each state based on population. Members serve two-year terms and are elected directly by voters.
The Senate has 100 members, with two senators from each state. Senators serve six-year terms, with elections staggered so that about one-third are up for election every two years.
State Legislatures
Each state has its own legislature, which creates laws specific to that state. The structure varies, but most have two chambers: a lower house and an upper house.
For example, many states have a House of Representatives or Assembly and a Senate. Members are elected by residents of districts within the state and serve terms that vary from two to four years.
Implications for Citizens
The structure of these legislative bodies influences how quickly laws are passed and how well representatives can address local issues. Knowing who your representatives are and how they are elected helps you participate effectively in democracy.
- Identify your local representatives.
- Understand the legislative process in your state.
- Engage in public hearings and community meetings.
- Vote in local and national elections.