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Search warrants and the Fourth Amendment are fundamental components of the U.S. legal system. They protect individuals from unreasonable searches and seizures while allowing law enforcement to perform investigations within legal boundaries.
What Is a Search Warrant?
A search warrant is a legal document issued by a judge or magistrate that authorizes law enforcement officers to search a specific location for evidence related to a crime. It must be based on probable cause, meaning there is reasonable belief that evidence of a crime will be found.
The Fourth Amendment Basics
The Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution protects citizens from unreasonable searches and seizures. It requires that searches be conducted with a warrant supported by probable cause, except in certain circumstances such as exigent situations or consent.
Key Facts About Search Warrants
- A warrant must specify the location to be searched and the items to be seized.
- Law enforcement officers must present evidence to a judge to obtain a warrant.
- Warrants are generally valid for a limited time, often 10 days.
- Evidence obtained without a warrant may be inadmissible in court.