Table of Contents
Understanding the judicial systems at both federal and state levels is important for citizens. These systems interpret and apply laws, ensuring justice and legal order. Knowing how they function helps individuals navigate legal processes and understand their rights.
Federal Judicial System
The federal judicial system handles cases involving federal laws, treaties, and disputes between states or citizens from different states. It is composed of three main levels: the district courts, appellate courts, and the Supreme Court.
The Supreme Court is the highest court in the country and has the authority to interpret the Constitution. Its decisions are final and set legal precedents that lower courts follow.
State Judicial System
Each state has its own judicial system that handles cases involving state laws. These courts also have multiple levels, including trial courts, appellate courts, and a state supreme court.
State courts deal with issues such as family law, property disputes, and criminal cases under state jurisdiction. Their decisions can be appealed to higher state courts, but they do not have authority over federal matters.
Key Differences
- Jurisdiction: Federal courts handle national and international cases, while state courts focus on state laws.
- Courts: The federal system includes the Supreme Court, appellate courts, and district courts. State systems vary by state but generally follow a similar hierarchy.
- Legal Authority: Federal courts interpret federal laws and the Constitution, whereas state courts interpret state laws.