Table of Contents
Federal courts play a crucial role in the United States legal system. They interpret and apply federal laws, resolve disputes, and ensure justice is served according to the Constitution. This article provides a clear overview of what federal courts do and how they function.
Jurisdiction of Federal Courts
Federal courts have the authority to hear cases involving federal laws, disputes between states, cases involving the U.S. Constitution, and cases involving citizens from different states. They do not handle cases that are solely related to state laws unless those laws intersect with federal issues.
Types of Federal Courts
The main federal courts include the U.S. District Courts, the U.S. Courts of Appeals, and the Supreme Court. Each has a specific role:
- U.S. District Courts: These are trial courts where cases are first heard. They examine evidence, hear witnesses, and make initial rulings.
- U.S. Courts of Appeals: These courts review decisions made by district courts. They determine if legal errors occurred during trials.
- Supreme Court: The highest court in the country. It reviews cases that involve important constitutional questions or significant legal issues.
What Federal Courts Decide
Federal courts decide a variety of cases, including:
- Constitutional disputes
- Cases involving federal laws and treaties
- Disputes between states or citizens from different states
- Cases involving federal agencies