What Happens When a Law Is Proposed? a Plain Language Breakdown

When a new law is proposed, it goes through several steps before it can become official. Understanding this process helps clarify how laws are made and changed.

Step 1: Proposal

The process begins when a member of the legislative body, such as a senator or representative, introduces a bill. This is called proposing the law. The bill is then given a number and read for the first time.

Step 2: Committee Review

The bill is sent to a committee that specializes in the bill’s topic. The committee reviews, discusses, and may hold hearings to gather information. They can suggest changes or decide to reject the bill.

Step 3: Floor Debate and Vote

If the committee approves the bill, it moves to the full legislative body for debate. Members discuss the bill’s merits and may propose amendments. After debate, they vote on whether to pass the bill.

Step 4: Other Chamber

If the bill passes one chamber, it moves to the other chamber, where it goes through similar steps: committee review, debate, and voting. Both chambers must agree on the final version.

Step 5: Final Approval and Signing

Once both chambers approve the bill, it is sent to the executive leader, such as the president or governor. They can sign the bill into law or veto it. If signed, the bill becomes an official law.