Indima yezigwebo kwinkqubo esemthethweni ibaluleke kakhulu kwingcamango yokusesikweni. Izigqibo zikaJury zinokuba nentsingiselo enzulu kungekuphela nje kubantu ababandakanyekileyo kwityala kodwa kwanakwibutho labantu liphela. Ukuqonda impembelelo yezi zigqibo kubalulekile koogxalasi bomthetho kunye noluntu ngokubanzi. Isigqibo asiphelisi nje kuphela impikiswano enye; sithumela amaza kuluntu, impembelelo yemibambo yomthetho, kwaye siguqula ukholo lukawonke wonke kumthetho. Eli nqaku lihlolisisa iimvelaphi zembali, ukusebenza, kunye neziphumo ezifikelela kude zezigqibo zomvo, ngoxa sihlola iingxaki kunye nezinguquko eziza kuchaza ikamva labo.

Imbali Engokwembali Yeebhoriyo

Ijaji yale mihla iphumele kwi indaleko engokwasemthethweni. Imvelaphi yayo ibuyela emva kwiGrisi yamandulo neRoma, apho amacandelo abemi ayesetyenziselwa ukushwabana. Noko ke, ukhokho ongqalileyo wabachopheli-mgwebi bale mihla wavela eNgilani yamaxesha aphakathi phantsi kolawulo lukaHenry II. IAssize of Calarendon (176) yaseka inkqubo yamadoda asekuhlaleni awayenokufunga inyaniso yezityholo, [“umzekelo wenkundla ebalaseleyo yabachopheli-.Hluleli-mthetho) ekuhambeni kwexesha, abachopheli-mthetho abancinane bagqiba ukuba banetyala okanye abamsulwa ngenxa yobungqina obunikelwe enkundleni.

Uphuhliso Ngomthetho Oqhelekileyo

Isithethe somthetho oqhelekileyo wamaNgesi saqinisa abachopheli-mthetho njengendawo yokukhusela abagwebi kwiphondo. Ngenkulungwane ye-18, abachopheli betyala babeyimiqathango esemthethweni esetyenziswa ngoontanga babo, umgaqo owathi kamva wafakwa kuMgaqo-siseko waseUnited States ngeSithandathu nangeSindululo seSebendenge. UJuries wabonwa njengovavanyo kulawulo oluphezulu nakulawulo lwasebukhosini. Ngenkulungwane ye-18, abachopheli-mthetho baba ngumqondiso wenkululeko, osetyenziswa kakhulu ngabalawuli beBritane ukuxhathisa igunya elifana nokuvavanywa kukaJohn Peter Zengeger (1735), apho umgwebi wetyala wagwetywa ngokugwebayo ngetyala elipheli.

Impembelelo Kumgaqo - siseko Wanamhlanje

Namhlanje, ukuchophela amatyala abachopheli-tyala kuphawu lwamazwe aqhelekileyo aquka iUnited States, iKhanada, iUnited Kingdom, i-Australia ne-New Zealand. Amanye amazwe amaninzi aye amkela amalungu enkqubo yokuchophela ityala, njengeejaji eziqhelekileyo okanye iinkundla ezixubeneyo. Ilungelo lokuchophela ityala lifakwe kwizixhobo zamalungelo abantu ehlabathini lonke, kuquka iGatya 10 leSindululo soMbutho Wendalo Wamalungelo Abantu neSigqibo 14 soMvumelwano wezizwe Ngezizwe Ngezizwe ePolitiki nakwezobupolitika. [[FLT:] iZiko leMelika ye-Melika Bar liphawula ukuba iqumrhu locholo logwebo lihlala likwizi likwizilungiselelo elibalulekileyo lokuthabatha inxaxheba kwi-demo-demokhrasitiko kunye nokugunya lejaji.

Indima kaJury kwinkqubo esemthethweni

I Juries isebenza umsebenzi obalulekileyo njengophanda inyani kunye nokuhlola igunya likarhulumente. Kumatyala olwaphulo-mthetho, bagqiba ukuba umtshutshisi uwufumene umthwalo wakhe wobungqina obungaphaya kwamathandabuzo afanelekileyo. Kwimeko zabemi, bahlola ityala kwaye bagqibe iziphumo zomonakalo. Indima yabo idlulela ngaphaya kokwenza izigqibo; bafumana amaxabiso nemigangatho yengingqi yengingqi kunye nemilinganiselo yokusesikweni.

Ubungqina Obungachananga Nobungqina Obucacileyo

Abasebenzi basetyenziswa ngokuvavanya ubungqina obuntsonkothileyo, kuquka ubungqina obuvela kumangqina obuchule, inzululwazi yobuchule, kunye neengxelo zekhompyutha. Kufuneka baqinisekise ukuthembeka kwamangqina, ngokufuthi bagqibe phakathi kweengxelo ezingqubanayo. I-Cornell Information Institute [ ibalaselisa ukuba amandla ejaji elisebenzisa ingqiqo eqhelekileyo ekusebenziseni ubungqina bubo obunye bobona buchule bayo obubalaseleyo. Noko ke, oku kufuna uqeqesho olunobuchule kumphathi kwimigangatho esemthethweni kunye nokuqwalaselwa kakuhle kobungqina obucacileyo.

Ukudlulisela Isigwebo Nobunzima Baso Obusemthethweni

Xa ijaji ifikelela kwisigqibo, ibophelelekile. Kwityala lolwaphulo-mthetho, ityala likhokelela ekugwetyweni ngumgwebi, ngoxa ukugwetywa kusekokugqibelelwa kwaye kungenakubhenwa ngabachopheli-tyala. Kwimeko zasekuhlaleni, ibhaso letyala lomonakalo linokuba likhulu. Isiphelo sezigqibo zejaji sibonakalisa amandla azo, kwaye kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo ilungile, ayigwetywanga, kwaye ayivunywanga.

Impembelelo Kwityala Linye

Sisigqibo ngasinye sokuchophela ityala siguqula ubomi bamatheko. Kummangalelwa, ukugwetywa kuthetha inkululeko; ukugwetywa kuthetha ingxelo yolwaphulo-mthetho, ukuvalelwa entolongweni, okanye kwanokubulawa kumatyala okubulawa. Kumaxhoba neentsapho zawo, ukugwetywa kunokuvala ityala nokucinga ukuba ngabagwebi, ngoxa ukugwetywa kusenokuvakala njengesenzo sesibini sokufa. Ngaphandle kwamaqela akhawulezileyo, izigqibo ezithathwa ngabachopheli-tyala zichaphazela amangqina, amagqwetha, abagwebi, abagwebi, kunye nabantu abahlala apho kufuneka baphile ngenxa yeso siphelo.

  • Arever okanye isiqinisekiso – Owona mpembelelo ngqo kwinkululeko kunye nekamva lommangalelwa.
  • [ Imbuyekezo yemali – Kwiimeko zamakhaya, abagwebi bagqiba okona kunokwenzeka kwinkampani okanye ukuhlawula i-acttiff kwingozi eqhubekayo.
  • [[UMTL:0] Uluvo lwePublic – iprofile ephezulu ibumba izigqibo ngendlela ulwaphulo-mthetho, okusesikweni, kunye nokuthembeka kwenkqubo yomthetho.

Ngokomzekelo, isiphithiphithi eLos Angeles ngowe - 1992 emva kokuvukelwa kwamagosa amapolisa ekubetheni kukaKing Rodney sabonisa indlela isigqibo esinye sabachopheli - tyala esasinokubangela ngayo isiphithiphithi - tyala sabemi.

Izicelo ezibanzi

Iziphumo zezigqibo zabachopheli-tyala zibonakala ngaphandle, ziphembelela isimo sengqondo sobudlelane, inkqubo yoluntu, kwanomthetho ngokwawo. Xa inkundla yetyala ifikelela kwisigqibo esibonakala siphikisana neemvakalelo zikawonke wonke, -- okanye intsabelo ivumelana ngokugqibeleleyo nayo, inokwenza utshintsho lomthetho kunye nokuguqula izithethe.

Ukuphazamisa Uluvo Lwabantu Bonke Ngemibandela Engokwasemthethweni

Iimvavanyo ze-profile ephezulu ziba ziindawo eziphambili kwingxoxo yesizwe. Ngonyaka ka-1995 ukuvalwa kwe-O.J. Simpson kwandisa ingxubusho malunga nohlanga, ugonyamelo lwasekhaya, kunye nenkqubo yokusesikweni. Ngokufanayo, u-2013 ukulahlwa kukaGeorge Zimmerman ekudutyulweni kwe-Traevon Martin wavuselela i-Black Lives Matter umhambi-ms kwaye waqalisa ukuvavanywa ngokutsha kwemithetho yakho yasemhlabeni. Ii-juries azigqunywanga kule misinga; zizisa amava azo kunye nekhethelo kwigumbi lokuqululisa, nto leyo ebonakalisa kwaye iphembele isimo sengqondo sobucu.

Iinguqu zoMthetho olawulayo

Amagosa asoloko esabela kwizigqibo zabachopheli-tyala ezibhenca izithuba okanye ezibonakala zingekho sikweni kumthetho. Umzekelo, emva konyaka ka-2016 ukuvalwa kwetyala lokuhlasela ngesondo (ityala leBrock Turner), ukuvutha komsindo kukhokelela ekutshintsheni kwemithetho enyanzelekileyo yaseKhalifoniya yokugweba ngokutshayela ngokwesini. Imikhosi yabantwana iyakwazi ukubonakalisa ngokunempumelelo ukuba imithetho ekhoyo ayifanelekanga okanye abatshutshisi bangaphaya kwemdlamkelo, ikhuthaza abenzi bomthetho ukuba baphinde baphinde bafumane imithetho.

Ukukholosa Ngoluntu Kwinkqubo Yezeejaji

Izigqibo ezihlala zihleli zabachopheli-mgwebi ezibonakala zikhetha iqela elinye ngaphezu kwelinye zingaphelisa ukuthembana. Uhlolisiso lubonise ukuba ukwahlukana kweentlanga ekukhetheni ityala kwaye iziphumo zikhokelela ekunciphiseni ukuthembana kwinkqubo esemthethweni phakathi koluntu oluncinane. Iziko leSizwe leeNkundla zeRhulumente [ ligxininisa ukuba iinkqubo zabachopheli-mthetho ezicacileyo kunye namaqumrhu abameli ziyimfuneko ekulondolozeni umthetho. Xa amajaji eqwalalwwlaselo enziwe ngobulungisa, aqinisa intlukwano yentlalo; xa ebonwa njengeecalucalulo, abonakala ephanga.

Uhlolisiso Lwetyala Lomphumo KaJury

Amatyala abonisa ukuba kukho ityala elinokuthanani netyala elinokusetyenziswa njengelinokutshintsha imbali.

IO.J. Simpson Ityala kunye nolwalamano lohlanga

Ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho lonyaka-waka ka-O.J.Simpson lokubulawa kukaNicole Brown Simpson noRon Goldman laphela ngokugwetywa emva komboniso wonogada wonyaka. Abachobi bamatyala, abaninzi ababequka amaMelika aseAfrika, bafikelela kwisigqibo sokuba abaninzi abamhlophe bafumanise ukuba bothukile. Ityala labalaselisa ubuhlanga ngokwembono yobunyani kunye nokulunga kwemithetho. Ngelo xesha labonisa ukuba inkoliso yabaNtlangala-mazwe aseMelika yasixhasa isigqibo, ngoxa inkoliso yabamhlophe bawamgatya iMelika yayichasa. Ityala labangela ukuba amashumi eminyaka encoko ngebala, ugonyamelo lwasekhaya, kunye nokunganyani kwenkqubo yezomthetho.

Ityala likaRodney neNkxaso yamapolisa

I-1992 Ukulahlwa kwamagosa amane amapolisa aseLos Angeles atyholwa ngokugqithisileyo emva kokubethwa kukaRodney King/capture ngevidiyo iintsuku ezintandathu zesiphithiphithi esiphumela ekubulaweni kwabantu abangaphezu kwama-60 nomonakalo womhlaba ongamawaka ezigidi. Isigqibo sabonwa njengokusilela kwenkqubo yabachopheli-mthetho ukuba baphendule amapolisa. Ngokuphendulayo, iSebe leMigaqo-mthetho yase-U.S. lamangalela amagosa aphantsi komthetho wamalungelo oluntu, nto leyo eyaphumela ekubeni alandele ityala elibini. Eli tyala lakhokelela ekusetyenzisweni kakhulu kwekhamera kunye notshintsho kwizifundo zamapolisa, ebonisa indlela esinokusetyenziswa ngayo isigqibo sabachopheleli.

Ukuvavanywa KukaGeorge Zimmerman Nemithetho Yokuzithethelela

Ukugwetywa kukaGeorge Zimmerman ngo-2013 ngenxa yokudubula ngokumanyumnyezi komntwana okwishumi elivisayo ongomelenga uTaivon Martin wafaka umbutho wesizwe. Isigqibo sabachopheli-mthetho sabalaselisa amandla e-Li Florida’s Stand Your Ground, eyasusa umsebenzi wokurhoxa kwiimeko zokuzikhusela. Ityala labangela ukuba abantu bavuke, baviwe, baviwe yingqungquthela, kunye nengxoxo entsha ngokusetyenziswa komthetho wemithetho ekhoyo, kwakwayayibhencanya ityala lomntu kwaye lakhokelela ekubeni izicelo zemithetho yomthetho ziguqulelwe kwimimandla emininzi.

Iingxaki Ezijamelene Neentombi Namhlanje

Nangona zisekwe, iijaji zijamelana nemiqobo emininzi enokudodobalisa ukufaneleka kwezigqibo zazo.

  • Impembelelo yeMedia kunye noluvo lukawonke-wonke – i-Social media, intlukwano yeendaba, kunye nenkcazelo esasazekileyo yekhethe elinokuba ngabagwebi. Kwanangokuba nobuchule obugqithisileyo, ukuchanabeka akuphepheki. Unyuko lweTwitter neFacebook luthetha ukuba abachopheli-jutheli bangabhenelwa kwinkcazelo ngetyala elingavunywanga enkundleni, bephula umgaqo ongundoqo wokuba izigqibo zimele zisekelwe kuphela kubungqina obunikelwe enkantolo.
  • Ukugqibelela kwemiba engokwasemthethweni -Ono-onobumba ababandakanya ubungqina benzululwazi, ukuqhatha kwemali, okanye ubuchule bobugcisa bangaboyisa abagwebi abaphantsi. Uphando lubonise ukuba abagwebi basoloko bezama ukulwa nobungqina obudwelisweyo kunye nokuqiqa okuqulukileyo. Ngaphandle kwemiyalelo ecacileyo kunye nengcaciso yobuchule, bangabuyela kwimiqathango okanye kwiimvakalelo zangaphakathi.
  • ucalucalulo olunentsingiselo phakathi kwejaji - olupheleleyo lwe-screenshorensis, ubufana, kunye nentlalo yentlalo, lungachaphazela indlela obuqwalaselwa ngayo ubungqina. Uphando lubonisa ukuba zonke iijaji ezimhlophe zinokuba nokwenzeka kakhulu ukuba zivalelwe ii-Black Constending, kwaye amabhinqa mancinane kakhulu ukukholelwa kumatyala okuhlasela ngokwesini. Inkqubo yokukhetha abachopheli-mkeli, kuquka nokusetyenziswa kwemingeni ekhuthukileyo, iye yagxekwa ngenxa yokubangela ucalulo, phezu kwayo nje imiqathango esemthethweni emiswe Bhatson v.[FLT]]
  • Ingxaki enzima nokudinwa – iimvavanyo ezinde, intlawulo ephantsi ngenxa yomsebenzi, nokunqongophala komqeshi kungakhokelela ekudinweni engqondweni ephezulu nasekuhliseni ingqalelo. Abanye abasebenzi bejaji banikela ingxelo yokuziva benyanzelekile ukuba bafikelele kwisigqibo ngokukhawuleza, ingakumbi kwiimeko eziphezulu apho baququzelelwa khona.

Impembelelo Engqondweni Nezoqoqosho Kubantu Abasebenza Ngemijukujelwa

Inkonzo ye Jury ayingomntu ongenaxabiso kubemi abakhonzayo. Inkqubo yokwenza izigqibo ingaba yenziwa inkxalabo ngokweemvakalelo, ingakumbi kwiimeko ezibandakanya ulwaphulo-mthetho logonyamelo, ukuxhatshazwa kwabantwana, okanye isohlwayo sokubulawa. Uxinezeleko lwasemva kovavanyo kunye nexhala ziqhelekile phakathi kwabaphathi-mikhosi abaye beva ubungqina obucacileyo okanye babona ubungqina obuphazamisayo. Uhlolisiso lubonisa ukuba umntu omnye kwabalishumi kwimilingo enzulu yezaphuli-mthetho uva uxinezelo olunzulu. Iinkundla ziya zinikela ngokwanda ukucebisa nokuxhasa kunye nenkxaso, kodwa imimandla emininzi isengenabo oovimba abafanelekileyo.

Ngokwezoqoqosho, inkonzo yabachopheli-tyala ibangela iimbopheleleko. Abaqeshi abaninzi abahlawuli abahlawuli ngexesha elichithwa kumsebenzi wejaji, okanye bahlawula kuphela intsebenziswano yephondo, esoloko incinane kakhulu (emathubeni) njenge R550 ngosuku. Kubantu abangenayo, oku kungamela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwengeniso. Oku kuthintela imali ekhoyo yemali. Oku kusenokunika abasebenzi abagwebi abaqeshiweyo, abangasebenziyo, okanye abo baqeshileyo bashiye imigaqo, behlisa usukelo lommeli wecandelo loluntu. [[FLT: 0]. U.S. Inkundla yewebhsayithi yezemali iyavuma ezi zinto kwaye inikela inkcazelo ehlawula umvuzo kunye nekhuselo.

Ukwenziwa kwemihlathi: Ikrele elinemigca emibini

Ukupheliswa kwetyala kwenzeka xa ijaji ibuyisela isigqibo sokungabekwa tyala phezu kokukholelwa ukuba ummangalelwa unetyala eliyinyaniso phantsi komthetho. Eli gunya lisuka kwilungelo lejaji lokugweba izibakala kunye nokusetyenziswa komthetho wamaNgesi. (umgaqo osekelwe kumthetho oqhelekileyo wamaNgesi kwaye oqiniswe kumthetho wamandulo wase Merika. Ukubekwa iliso kusenokusetyenziswa ukuqhatha imithetho engekho sikweni, njengaxa amatyala aseNtlangalamlase-waka e-1850 ala ukubeka ityala abakhokeli bomkeli bomthetho ababalekayo phantsi koMthetho weSicaka-Fugitive Act.

Noko ke, ukuchitha kusenokusetyenziswa ukubhukuqa ubulungisa. Zonke izijunga ezimhlophe kuJim Crow yaseMzantsi zisoloko zingenatyala abamangalelwa bolwaphulo-mthetho oluchasene namaxhoba abamnyama, iqhubele phambili uloyiko lobuhlanga. Kutshanje, abanye abaxhasi baye baxhasa ukupheliswa kwemithetho yeziyobisi okanye yokwaphulwa komthetho wemipu. Iinkundla ngokuqhelekileyo ziyalela abachopheli-mthetho ukuba balandele umthetho kwaye bangabazisi amandla abo okuphelisa ulawulo, njengoko kujongwa njengesisongelo kumthetho osemthethweni. Ingxoxo iyaqhubeka: ukuphelisa ukukhusela ngokuchasene nomthetho onyanzelayo, kodwa kwakhona kuvula ucango olungenalucalucalucalulo kunye nocaluvo. [[FLT:] [FLD]] Iziko loMgaqo-mthetho woBurhulumente [FLDip:1] lunikela ngomo lwembali oluqhubekayo olungokwembali.

Ukuphucula Inkqubo Yoxinaniso

Ukucombulula iingxaki nokuphucula ukusebenza kwamaqumrhu eejaji, kuye kwacetyiswa yaye kwaphunyezwa iinguqu ezininzi kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo. Olu tshintsho lujolise ekwenzeni ukuba abachopheli babe ngabameli abangakumbi, babe nolwazi olungcono, kwaye bangabi sengozini yokufumana iingcinezelo zangaphandle.

Imfundo Ebhetele Nojongo

Iinkundla ezininzi ngoku zinikezela ngeevidiyo zendlela, izikhokelo ezibhaliweyo, kwanakuqeqesho olusemthethweni lokunceda abagwebi baqonde imisebenzi yabo, inkqubo yokuvavanya, kunye nemithetho yobungqina. Imiyalelo ephuculiweyo evela kubagwebi (ukusebenzisa ulwimi olulula) nokuhlisa ubuchule obusemthethweni bokusetyenziswa kwesixhobo sokulawula/ukusetyenziswa kweqhinga elingeyomfuneko. Ezinye iinkundla zivumela abagwebi ukuba banike amangqina imibuzo (ijaji), enokucacisa iingongoma zokudidelwa.

Ukwanda Kokubonisa Imbonakalo Kukhetho Lobusela

Utshintsho oluya kwivoir luquka ukufuna amagqwetha afuna ukunikezela ngezizathu zohlanga-nee-trantial zomngcipheko, ukulinganisela inani leemvavanyo zokukhulula, nokusebenzisa iipesenti zejaji ezinenkcukacha ezithe kratya. Amanye amazwe aye aqhubela ekuvaleni imingeni yokuzikhulula ngokupheleleyo, njengokuba iKhalifoniya yenzayo ngowama-202020 ngokudluliswa kwe-AB 3070. URhulumente waseWashington uye wenza utshintsho ukuze kupheliswe ikhethe elipheleleyo kwirulam ngokubeka ityala ngokuthi iingxaki zokuzimela azisebenzi ukuba athe phi namalungu eqela elikhuselweyo.

Ukusetyenziswa kobuxhakaxhaka bobuxhaka kwizixhobo zoncedo

Izixhobo zamanani zinganceda abachopheli-mali balawule ulwazi oluntsonkothileyo. Iinkqubo zolawulo lwezikhumbuzi zivumela abalawuli ukuba babonise kwaye babhale ubungqina obuchaphazelekayo kumacwecwe. Ezinye iinkundla zinika inkcazelo evaliweyo yobungqina okanye irekhodi yexesha lokwenene. Noko ke, ubugcisa bunika iingozi eziphazamisayo. /ojutheli-juthelo bangakhangela i-intanethi okanye i-media yoluntu ngexesha lolwaphuko, ukuphula imiyalelo yenkundla. Iinkundla zisebenzisa imithetho engqongqo kunye nolawulo lwezobugcisa ukukhusela impembelelo yangaphandle, enjengerhintyelo ezindaweni zokuhlola iWi-Fi ekufuneni iimfonomfono kunye nemfuneko yabacholi bemali yokunikezela ngefowuni.

Amaqula Acekethekileyo

Ukwenziwa phantsi komngeni wamaqela amancinane, abantu abaselula, kunye nemali ehlawulwayo ephantsi kuhlala kuyingxaki engapheliyo. Ukuthetha ngale nto, amanye amaphondo aye andisa impumelelo yokuquka abantu abanolwazi olunzulu (emva kokusebenza izigwebo zabo), unyuso lwejaji olwandisiweyo, kunye nokuphuculwa kwemali ebhankini. Umzekelo, urhulumente waseNew York ngoku uhlawula iijaji ii-R440 ngemini, ngoxa abaquququzeli bequzelela iingxelo zelayisense yomqhubi (ekudirensi). Eminye imithetho iye yashukutyelelwa ukusebenzisa iingxelo zephepha lo mvume zokwandisa iqula. Le migudu yenza iinjongo zokwandisa iqumbhuluko loluntu.

Imbono Ethelekisayo: Iintlawulo Ehlabathini Lonke

Inkqubo yabachopheli-mthetho ayikho zwenibanzi. Iinkqubo ezininzi zedemokhrasi zisebenzisa ezinye iindlela zolawulo-mthetho zokuthatha inxaxheba kubulungisa. IJamani neFransi zisebenzisa iinkundla ezidityanisiweyo apho abagwebi abachwepheshi nabagwebi abangoogqwirha baqala khona kunye. IJapan yasungula inkqubo yamajaji emiselweyo (saiban) ngo-2009] kulwaphulo-mthetho olunzulu, apho abemi abathandathu bahlala khona nabagwebi abathathu abanobuchule. IKomputhane yaseMzantsi Korea bazama ukuzama iijaji ezingo zobuchule eziqala ngo-2008, ivumela iijaji ezingezo ezingagunyaziququzeliyo. Ezi zinika izifundo kumazwe aqhelekileyo afuna ukuphucula ukuphumelela kwemiqatha nokulungisa umngcipheko ngenxa yobukhotholo-mthetho, kodwa kwakhona akhuthaza ukulawulwa kolawulo.

Ikamva Lobubhiyozi Kuluntu Olutshintshayo

Njengokuba ibutho liguquka, kufuneka lifake imigaqo yenkundla yabachopheli-tyala. Unyuko lobukrelekrele obungeyoyamvelo, ubungqina obunzulu, kunye nolwaphulo-mthetho lwe-inthaktal lunika ucelomngeni olutsha lokufumana inyaniso. Abasebenzi basenokufuna ngokukhawuleza ukuvavanya ubungqina bemicimbi obuthe xhaxhe. Iinkundla ziyakufuna ukuqokelela imiyalelo yobuchule kunye nemiyalelo yejaji echaza ukuxakeka. Ngaphezu koko, igalelo le-COVID-19 landisa ukusetyenziswa kweziphumo ezikude kunye ne-voirdad, kuphakamisa umbuzo wokuba ngaba iimvavanyo zejaji ezisisi zinokuba luphawu olusisigxina. Ngoxa abanye besithi ukudibana nonxibelelwano oluneentloko-mthetho kuyimfuneko ukungqinelana okuchanileyo ukuthembeka nenkqubo efunekayo ukuze kunciphelwe iindleko ezithenjiweyo kunye nokungenelwa kwe-ogconsonga.

Omnye umda kukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ze-algoric kukhetho lwabachopheli-tyala nakulawulo lwamatyala. Iinkqubo zokuxela ukungenwa kwetyala zingasetyenziswa ukuchonga abagwebi abasenokuba balukhethe, kodwa izixhobo ezinjalo zikwabeka esichengeni sokunxulumanisa ubuhlanga kunye nobuntlalo-ntle kwinkqubo. Ukuvavanya ukubonakala ngokucacileyo nokuphendula ekusetyenzisweni kobugcisa kuya kuba lucelomngeni olungundoqo kwiinkundla kumashumi eminyaka azayo.

Isiphelo

Impembelelo yezigqibo zabachopheli-tyala ibaluleke kakhulu kwibutho labantu kwaye ijikelele. Njengobagcini bobulungisa, abagwebi abachaphazelekayo, kungekuphela nje baphembelela amatyala angomnye kodwa babuye bayile nemithetho esemthethweni. Banguvavanyo olubalulekileyo kumandla karhulumente, i-focum yokuncedisa uluntu, isipili sokubonisa amaxabiso, kunye neziphazamiso , kunye neziphene / neendawo ezikhoyo. Ukuqonda le mpembelelo ibalulekile ekukhuthazeni inkqubo esesikweni nelungeleleneyo. Kwixesha lokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza, amandla aqhubekayo equlungwini axhomekeke ekuphuculeni intelekelelo, uluntu, kunye nokuzinikela ekuqinisekiseni ukuba zonke izigwebi zingummeli onyanisekileyo, osemthethweni, nongenaluhlanga. Abagwebi basebenza ngokusemthethweni; yintsika esemthethweni; i-demodekhrasi.