Table of Contents

Imfundo yenkcubeko ikwisiseko semfundo yemfundo yaseJamani, isebenza njengenkqubo ebalulekileyo yokulungiselela abafundi ukuba bahambele phambili baze babeke igalelo elinentsingiselo kwibutho labantu eliya lihluka-hluka kwaye lilungelelana. Kulo hlanga oluye lwaguquka kakhulu ukusuka ekubeni luzibone njengendlela efanayo yokufumana ulwazi, ulwazi, kunye nesimo sengqondo esifunekayo kubafundi ukuba babandakanyeke kwizithethe ezahlukeneyo eJamani nakwimida yezizwe ngezizwe.

Indaleko Yembali Yemfundo Yesithethe EJamani

Indlela yeJamani yokusebenzisa imfundo yenkcubeko iye yafumana utshintsho olubalulekileyo kumashumi eminyaka aliqela adluleyo, ibonakalisa utshintsho olubanzi lwentlalo kunye nokuguquguquka kolwahluka-hlukeneyo kunye nokudibana. Ixesha lasemva kwemfazwe yehlabathi II laphawula incopho enzima kwinkqubo yemfundo yaseJamani, njengoko uhlanga luzama ukumelana nemfuneko yokuphinda lwakhe kwakhona kungekuphela nje izibonelelo zalo ezingokwasemzimbeni kodwa kwanesiseko sobuntlalo kunye neziseko lokuziphatha. Ukugxininisa ekukhuthazeni ukuqondwa kwe-intercultratic kuvela njengeyona nto iphambili, eqhutywa ngumyalelo wokunqanda ingxabano kunye nokukhuthaza intlalo kwibutho labantu kwintlalo entle entle engcoliswe ngokunzulu yizenzo zenkohlakalo zolawulo lwamaNazi.

Ngeminyaka yee-1960 kunye no1970, iJamani yamkela indlela ye-assimiliation eyaziwayo njenge-"worder pedagogy" (Ausnderpädagoki) ukuphendula iimfuno zemfundo zabantwana abaphambukeleyo, ngokuyintloko ezo zisuka kwiintsapho zabasebenzi abasuka kwingingqi ababefikele ukuxhasa ukwakhiwa kwezoqoqosho lwaseJamani. Noko ke, le ndlela yangqineka ingeyiyo ngokwaneleyo njengokuba ingazange ikwazi ukuqaphela ukuma kobuzwe obusisigxina nokungalingani kwezithethe kwibutho lamaJamani.

Ngoo1980 nangowe-1990 kwafuneka kutshintshwe ngokuthe ngcembe ukuya kwimfundo yezemfundo, emela indlela ehambela phambili nequkayo yokwahluka-hluka kwezikolo. Le ndale yabonisa ukuqatshelwa okukhulayo kokuba iJamani ibiyiyo, isebenza, ukuba ibingekagunyaziswa ngokusemthethweni, ilizwe elifudukayo. Ngo-1996, iNgqungquthela yeSikolo semfundo neNkcubeko (Kulliskonterfenz okanye KK) yasebenzisa ingcamango yemfundo enxulumene nemfundo engqubanayo okokuqala, iyenza inyuliswe ekunyulweni kwemfundo jikelele, iyenza ibone njengemfuneko yokutyebisa imfundo yabo bonke abafundi, hayi nje ukusabela ekufudukeni.

Ngo-2013, iNkomfa yabaPhathiswa bemfundo neNkcubeko yapapasha izindululo ezibanzi zemfundo yezemfundo engokwesithethe kwizikolo zaseJamani, ichaza ubuchule bokudibana kolutsha njengobuchule obungundoqo, umsebenzi onqamlezayo kubafundisi-lwazi, nosukelo olubalulekileyo lokuphuhlisa isikolo nomgangatho. Olu xwebhu luphawulayo lwaseka inkqubo eqhubekayo yokukhokela inkqubo yemfundo nokuqhelisela kwimimandla yesizwe elishumi elinesithandathu yaseJamani.

Ukwakhiwa Komanyano Nolawulo Lwemfundo

Ukuqonda imfundo yenkcubeko eJamani kufuna uxabiso ngesakhiwo esikhethekileyo sikarhulumente welizwe, esinika amagunya azimeleyo abalulekileyo kwimicimbi yemfundo. Ngamnye kumazwe alishumi elinesithandathu aseJamani anolawulo lwenkcubeko, enika imbopheleleko kwimfundo, inzululwazi, kunye nenkcubeko ngoxa eqwalasela iinkalo zembali, ifomati, inkcubeko, kunye nentlalo-ntlalo-ntle yemimandla yawo.

INgqungquthela yeSigxina yabaPhathiswa bemfundo neNkcubeko yasekwa ngowe-1948 ukuze kugcinwe ukungaguquguquki phakathi kwamaphondo alishumi elinesithandathu kumda othile. Le ntlanganiso yenza abalungiseleli okanye abaququzeleli bephondo ngalinye bakwazi ukuxubusha ngemfundo, uphando, kunye nenkcubeko ngenjongo yokuyila iimbono ezidibeneyo kunye nemilinganiselo efanayo, ngoxa isenjalo ngokuphathelele uzimele-zintlukwano neendidi.

Esi sakhiwo sorhulumente sithetha ukuba nangona imigaqo elawula kakhulu kunye nemfundo ekhokelayo yenkcubeko kulo lonke elaseJamani, ukuphunyezwa kwahluka kakhulu ukusuka kwiphondo ukuya kwelinye. Bundesland iphuhlisa uludwe lwayo lokufundisa, imigangatho yemfundo, kunye nendlela ekhethekileyo yokudibanisa imfundo yenkcubeko, nto leyo ephumela ekubonakaliseni ubuchule obuninzi bezinto zenkcubeko kunye nezinto eziza kuqala zelizwe ngexesha elinye ngoxa inamathela kwiimfaneleko neenjongo eziyabelana ngazo.

ICandelo leDiskovolo, iGama leNtshona Koloni

Ukufunda Iilwimi Neelwimi Ezahlukahlukeneyo

Imfundo yeelwimi yeyona nto ingundoqo kwimfundo yesithethe eJamani, isebenza njengesixhobo esisebenzayo sonxibelelwano kwaye isebenza njengesixhobo sokuqonda izithethe neembono ezahlukeneyo. Ukufunda ulwimi lwasemzini kunyanzelekile kulo lonke elaseJamani kwizikolo zamabanga aphakamileyo, isiNgesi singolunye lwezona zithandwayo. Noko ke, indlela yolwimi lwaseJamani iquka okungaphezulu lee lee kuqeqesho lwesiNgesi.

Abafundi abathile kwiGymnasium kufuneka bafunde isiLatini njengolwimi lwabo lokuqala lwelizwe lasemzini kwaye bakhethe ulwimi lwesibini, lunokhetho oluqhelekileyo oluquka isiNgesi, isiFrentshi, iSpanish, kunye nesiGrike samandulo. Inani labafundi abafunda iilwimi zasemzini eziqhelekileyo ezifana nesiTaliyane neSpanish liye landa ngokulula kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kwaye isiDanish, isiDatshi, isiPolish, nesiCzech zifundiswa kwimimandla esondeleleneyo, ibonakalisa isibopho seJamani sokukhuthaza unxulumano nobamelwane baseYurophu kunye nokukhuthaza ukuqondwa kwezithethe zengingqi.

Kuzo zonke iLänder, ukufundisa ulwimi lwasemzini kuqiniselwe ngokuqinileyo kuqeqesho lwezikolo eziphambili njengombandela onyanzelekileyo kumgangatho wesithathu nowesi-4, umzekelo, kumntla we-Westphalia kunye noMntla Saxony, uqeqesho lwesiNgesi luqala kunyaka wesithathu wesikolo semfundo yemfundo ephantsi, ukuqinisekisa ukuba abafundi baqala ukukhuphisana ngeelwimi ukususela ebuntwaneni.

Izikolo zibandakanya imfundo yeelwimi ezininzi, ziqonda ukuba inani labemi baseJamani lahlukile ngendlela engakholelekiyo. Le ndlela ivuma ukuba izinto zolwimi abafundi abasuka kwimvelaphi yolunye uhlanga abazisela kuzo kwiklasi kwaye bafuna ukuxabisa nokuphuhlisa ezi zixhobo zokhuphiswano kunye nobuchule bolwimi lwaseJamani kunye nolwimi lwasemzini.

Ubugcisa, Umculo Nendlela Yokuyila Izinto

Ubugcisa bunendima ephambili kwindlela yemfundo yenkcubeko eJamani, inika abafundi amathuba okufunda izithethe ezahlukeneyo, ukuphuhlisa ubuchule bokuyila, nokuzibandakanya nezithethe ezintle ezivela ehlabathini jikelele. Ukongeza kwizifundo eziphambili, izikolo zamaJamani ziquka ubugcisa, umculo, kunye nemidlalo kwizifundo zemfundo yemfundo ephambili, ukuseka isiseko soxabiso lwenkcubeko nokuphuhliswa kolwazi lwenkcubeko kusuka kumaqondo okuqala emfundo yemfundo.

Ubugcisa nemfundo yomculo kwizikolo zaseJamani zisebenzisa iinjongo ezininzi kwimfundo yenkcubeko. Ezi zifundo zinceda abafundi bakwazi ukuva baze baqonde izithethe ngokwesithethe ngokudibana ngqo noqheliselo lobugcisa, enoba ngokudlala umculo osuka kwizithethe ezahlukeneyo, ngokufunda ubugcisa bemifanekiso obusuka kwimbali nemimandla eyahlukeneyo, okanye ngokuthabatha inxaxheba kwimveliso yemidlalo yemidlalo efuna inkcazelo nengqiqo ezahlukahlukeneyo.

Amaziko enkcubeko anendima ebalulekileyo ekukhuliseni imfundo yobugcisa, izikolo ezininzi zisebenzisana neemyuziyam, iiholo zemidlalo, iiholo zekonsathi, kunye neeholo zemiboniso ukuze zinike abafundi amathuba okufunda aluncedo. La maqabane anceda abafundi badibane noogcisa abanobuchule, bafumane imveliso ephezulu yenkcubeko, kwaye baphucule ukuqonda ngokunzulu iinkqubo zokudala kunye nenkcubeko ebumba imbonakalo yobugcisa.

Imbali, Inzululwazi yezentlalo, Ukuqonda Inkcubeko

Imfundo yenzululwazi yembali neyoluntu inikela umongo obalulekileyo wokuqonda iinguqu zezithethe, impembelelo yentlalo, kunye neenkqubo ezintsonkothileyo eziye zaguqula ibutho lamaJamani aphila ngexesha elinye nehlabathi elibanzi. Ixesha leziganeko eliqhelekileyo liqinisekisa ukuba zonke iintlobo zezifundo nezifundo zemfundo yemfundo yemfundo ephakamileyo ephantsi, ziquka isiJamani, izibalo, ulwimi lokuqala lwasemzini, inzululwazi yendalo, kunye nenzululwazi yentlalo.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje kuye kwangqineka imigudu ebalulekileyo yokuqinisekisa ukuba imbali kunye nenzululwazi yezemfundo yelifa lemveli yelinye icandelo lezifundo, ucalucalulo, kunye nokuqonda okubanzi okubanzi. NgoDisemba 2022, iNgqungquthela ekhoyo yabaPhathiswa bemfundo neNkcubeko yeNkcubeko, iBhunga ePhakathi-Mbindi yeJamani neRoma, kunye neNgqungquthela yokuQelana nokuNgamanyeneyo namaSinti namaRom aseYurophu apapasha isindululo sokufundisa imbali kunye nemeko yangoku yale mihla. Intshutshiso nokubulawa kwabantu ngenkohlakalo kwaBangxhuzula Kwezi

NgoDisemba 2024, iNgqungquthela yabaPhathiswa bezemfundo, iBhunga eliPhakathi lamaYuda eJamani, kunye neBhunga lemfundo laseJamani lamkela amazwi apheleleyo nezincomela zohlobo lobuYuda olufanelekileyo nolwahlukileyo kumajelo eendaba emfundo, linenjongo yokuphelisa ikhethe, ingcamango egqwethekileyo, kunye nokugqwetha imfundiso yembali yamaYuda, inkcubeko, nonqulo. Esi sindululo sigxininisa ukuba ubomi bamaYuda bufanele bunikelwe ngendlela nobungafaniyo ngoku, siqonda ukuba ubuYuda eJamani, eYurophu, kunye nehlabathi liyinxalenye ephilayo emele ivakalelwe kwimithombo yezolwazi.

NgoJuni 2021, iBhunga eliPhakathi lamaYuda eJamani, abameli beKhomishini yeFederal-Länder yeAnti-Semit, kunye neNkomfa ekhoyo yamkela ingcebiso edibeneyo ngokuqhubana neSwemit ezikolweni, ichaza ukuba ulwazi ngembali kunye nokufika kwale mihla yobuYuda kwanemvelaphi, imbonakalo, kunye neziphumo zentiyo yamaYuda ziyimfuneko ukunqanda nokulwa nemfazwe echaseneyo.

Imfundo Yonqulo Neyonqulo

Ngokutsho kweSizekethi soMthetho, ukufundisa ngonqulo kuyinxalenye yezifundo kwizikolo zikawonke-wonke kwaye kunikwa ngokuvisisana nemfundiso yonqulo. Le ndlela ibonisa isiqinisekiso seJamani sokuhlonela iinguqu zonqulo ngeli lixa inika abafundi amathuba okuphuhlisa ukuqondwa kwezithethe neenkqubo zemilinganiselo yokuziphatha eyahlukeneyo yonqulo.

De umntwana afike ebudaleni obuyi12, abazali bagqibe ukuba abantwana bayafumana imfundo yonqulo kusini na; ukususela kwiminyaka eli-12 ukuya kweli-14 ubudala, abazali kufuneka bavumele umntwana ukuba enze isigqibo; nasemva kokuba umntwana ejike waneminyaka eli-14, ukhululekile ukuba akhethe ukuba angaya kusini na kwimfundo yonqulo. Oku kufikelela kwizifundo ezilandelayo kuyawahlonela amalungelo abazali kunye nokukhula kolawulo lomntwana.

Abafundi bafunda nangemibandela enjengemfundo yemveli, ukulondolozwa kwemilinganiselo, imfundo exabisekileyo, nezinye izinto ezingakumbi, beqinisekisa ukuba imilinganiselo yokuziphatha nenkcubeko idityanisiwe kuyo yonke inkqubo yokufundisa kunokuba iphelele kwiiklasi ezithile zonqulo.

Imfundo yophuhliso oluzinzileyo kunye nobumi behlabathi lonke

Imfundo yenkcubeko eJamani igxininisa ngokuqhubekayo ukulondolozwa nobumi behlabathi ngokuba yinxalenye eyimfuneko yokulungiselela abafundi ukumelana nocelomngeni namathuba enkulungwane yama-21. NgoJuni 2024, iNkomfa eSigxina yamkela uhlobo olutsha lwemfundo yemfundo eqinisekisiweyo kwizikolo, imigaqo, kunye nemfuneko zokulawula i-ESD esikolweni nokuphuhliswa kwemfundo, esekelwe kusukelo loPhuhliso lweZizwe Ezimanyeneyo lweNtlanga (SDGS) kwaye ibafakele kwimfundo yemihla ngemihla.

IJamani iye yenza inyathelo elinamandla lokudibanisa imfundo yemozulu kuzo zonke izifundo .(zibe yinzululwazi, izifundo zentlalo, okanye zezoqoqosho. Ezinye izikolo ngoku ziquka iinkqubo zokufuzisela imozulu okanye uvavanyo olunokuhlaziywa lwamandla njengenxalenye yemirhumo yazo esesikweni, ebonisa indlela imfundo eqinisekisiweyo enokwenziwa ngayo kuyo yonke inkqubo yokufundisa kwiinkqubo eziluncedo nezibandakanyekileyo.

Imfundo yobumi emhlabeni wonke ilungiselela abafundi ukuba balwele imibandela esemhlabeni wonke enjengokungalingani, ukufuduka namalungelo amanani, ikhuthaza ulwazi, ubuchule, neempawu ezifunekayo ukuze baxhase iingxaki zehlabathi.

Ukusebenza Kwezikolo

Ingqokelela ePhakathi njengomXholo wokuNxulumanisa

Isigqibo sowama-2013 seNkomfa Ekhoyo yabaPhathiswa beMicimbi yezemfundo neNkcubeko yemfundo yezeNkcubeko kwizikolo simisela iinjongo nemigaqo yesikolo ekwahlukahlukahlukanayo, ekufuneka ingabaswanga kwaye ingacalucalucalulo kwaye ijongene nokungalingani kwebutho labafundi ngokwezentlalo, ngokwesithethe, nangokolwimi. Esi siseko simisela ubuchule bokusebenza ngokwemfundo ngokwahlukeneyo, hayi njengomxholo owenziwe ngokwendlela enqamlezeneyo ochaphazela zonke iinkalo lobomi besikolo.

Icebiso leKMK ka 2013 ngeNtercultrational Educations kwizikolo zaseka iinjongo ezine zokuphuhlisa izikolo ngokwenkqubo: izikolo ziqonda ukuba iinguqu ziqhelekile kwaye zinokwenzeka ukuba wonke umntu; izikolo zixhasa ukuphuhliswa kobuchule bobuchule bokufundisa kuzo zonke izifundo nakwimisebenzi eyongezelelweyo yasemva kwesikolo; isikolo yindawo esemgangathweni yokuphuhlisa ubuchule bolwimi lwemfundo olunceda abafundi bazuze ulwazi oluthe kratya; kwaye izikolo zikhuthaza intsebenziswano yemfundo.

Le ndlela ibanzi ifuna ukuba abafundisi- ntsapho kuzo zonke iinkalo zemibandela baqwalasele indlela imfundiso yabo enokuba negalelo ngayo ekuveliseni ii-astlycultural contration. Abafundisi-mathematika banokuhlolisisa indlela izithethe ezahlukeneyo eziye zafak ’ isandla ngayo kulwazi lwezibalo; abafundisi-nzululwazi basenokuhlola indlela uqheliselo lwenzululwazi olwahluke ngayo kwiimeko zenkcubeko; kwaye abafundisi-ncwadi basenokuqinisekisa ukuba uluhlu lwabo lokufunda luquka amazwi neembono ezahlukeneyo.

Iinkqubo zotshintshiselwano kunye neenqanawa zobudlelane zezizwe ngezizwe

Iinkqubo zokutshintshiselana zamazwe ngamazwe ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuphunyezwa kwemfundo yesithethe, zinika abafundi amava angqalileyo ezinye izithethe namathuba okusebenzisa ubuchule babo bolwimi nobokunxibelelana ngemibandela eyinyaniso. IJamani ikhuthaza ukutshintshiselana kwabafundi bezizwe ngezizwe ngokuyintloko ngoErasmus+ kunye ne-Jamani Academic Exchange Service (DAAD), kunye noErasmus+ okhuthaza ukuhambela phambili kwabafundi kumazwe aseYurophu namanye amazwe, enika amathuba amaninzi abafundi baseJamani ukuba bafunde kumazwe angaphandle nakwamanye amazwe.

Izikolo zaseJamani eziphesheya zingundoqo kulwalamano lwenkcubeko kunye nenkqubo yemfundo, zisebenza njengeendawo zokuxoxa ngokwesithethe ezilungele ngokukhethekileyo ukulungiselela abafundi abasuka kwiimvelaphi zesithethe ezahlukeneyo ukwenzela ikamva elifanayo. I-Agency yaseMbindini yeZikolo ze-Abrand iyaxhasa kwaye ikhuthaza izikolo ezingama- 140 kumazwe angama-72 kumazwe angama-80 000 anabafundi abamalunga nama-80 000, abangama-60 000 kubo bengabantwana abanemvelaphi engeyo eJamani.

Olu nxibelelwano lwezizwe ngezizwe lubangela ukuba kubekho unxibelelwano oluyingenelo kubafundi baseJamani nakwamanye amazwe, lukhuthaza ulwalamano oluhlala luhleli nolungangqubaniyo. Abafundi abancedisana kwiinkqubo bavelisa ubuchule bolwimi, ukuzazi ngakumbi izithethe, ukuqhelana neengxaki zehlabathi nokujongana nemibandela yehlabathi.

Umanyano nezicwangciso zenkcubeko

Izikolo zaseJamani zisoloko zisebenzisana neemyuziyam, iiholo zemidlalo, iiholo zamakonsathi, amathala eencwadi nezinye iziko lenkcubeko ukuphucula amava emfundo yabafundi. Ezi zikolo zinika ubuchule, ubuchule, namava izikolo ezingenakuwanika, zinceda abafundi ukuba babe nenxaxheba kubugcisa obuqeqeshiweyo, abaqeqeshi, ababhali-mbali, nabanye abasebenzi benkcubeko.

Ukusebenzisana okunjalo kusenokuquka ukukhenketha okukhokelwayo kwemiboniso yenkcubeko ehamba-hambayo yezithethe, iindawo zokuveliswa kweengcali ezineemvelaphi ezahlukahlukeneyo, ukubukela imiboniso yemidlalo echaza izithethe ezahlukeneyo, okanye ukuba nenxaxheba kwimibhiyozo yenkcubeko yoluntu. Oku kufundiswa kwenkcubeko kwenza amathuba abonakalayo nawokungenakulibalekiseka, kunceda abafundi bahlakulele uxabiso olunzulu ngezithethe ezahlukeneyo nangendlela yokuyila izinto.

Imisebenzi Engakumbi Nezithethe Zesikolo

Iinkqubo ezifana neenkqubo zobuhlobo, iinkonzo zoluleko, kunye neentsuku zokudibana kolwazi oluphakathi kwabafundi abavela kwiimvelaphi ezahlukeneyo. Ezi zindululo zidala iindawo zokutshintshiselana ngokwesithethe nokwakhiwa kolwalamano okuhambisana nolwazi oluqhelekileyo.

Ezi ziganeko zisenokuba ziquka ukuboniswa kwabafundi ngemvelaphi yabo, umculo nomngqungqo ovela kwizithethe ezahlukeneyo, ukulungiselela nokuncokola ngokutya okuvela kwizithethe ezahlukeneyo, neengxubusho ngezithethe nemilinganiselo yezithethe ezahlukahlukeneyo. Oku kunceda abantwana bafunde kwiisikolo ezixabisa izithethe ezahlukeneyo nabaneemvelaphi ezahlukeneyo.

Iintlanga zabafundi nezintlangano ezijolise kwimicimbi yenkcubeko, ulwalamano lwezizwe ngezizwe, okanye inkcubeko ethile yenkcubeko zinikela iindawo ezingakumbi zemfundo yenkcubeko ngaphandle kwezifundo eziqhelekileyo. Ezi manyano zokuzithandela zinceda abafundi abanomdla okhethekileyo ukuba bamanyane ngakumbi nemicimbi yenkcubeko baze baphucule ubuchule babo bokukhokela ngoxa befak' isandla ekuchaneni kwenkcubeko yemfundo yasekuhlaleni.

Iingenelo Nemiphumo Yemfundo Yenkcubeko

Uphuhliso lomanyano oluphakathi

Inzuzo eyintloko yemfundo yenkcubeko ebanzi kukuphuhliswa kobuchule bokunxibelelana ngokunempumelelo nangokufanelekileyo nabantu abasuka kwiimvelaphi ezahlukeneyo. Olu buchule buninzi bubandakanya ulwazi olumalunga nezithethe ezahlukeneyo, ukuyiqonda inkcubeko neenguqu, ubuchule bokunxibelelana okunempumelelo phakathi kwebala, nesimo sengqondo sokuzithulela iziqu, ukufun'imiso, nokuhlonela umahluko wezithethe.

Abafundi abanobuchule obunamandla bokusebenzisana baxhotyiswe bhetele ukuba bahambe kwiindawo ezingqongileyo ezahlukeneyo, basebenzisane ngokunempumelelo kumaqela eentlanga ngezizwe, kwaye banegalelo ngokwakhayo kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kunye noluntu. Obu buchule buye baba yimfuneko kwihlabathi elidibeneyo apho unxibelelwano lokunqumla imimandla luxhaphakile kwimisebenzi, kwintlalo-ntle, nakwimeko yobuqu.

Ukukhuthazwa komanyano loluntu nemilinganiselo yedemokhrasi

UMthetho oye wadluliswa kutshanje wokuqinisa amanyathelo okukhuthaza ulawulo-melo, ukujikeleza kwezizwe ngezizwe, ukukhusela iExtremism, kunye neNkqubela-phambili yemfundo ixhasa imisebenzi ephuhlisa nokuvavanya iingcamango ezintsha kunye nendlela entsha yokukhuthaza idemokhrasi, ukubumba nokuthintela iiyantlukwano. Le nkqubo yemithetho iyayiqaphela indima ebalulekileyo ephunyezwa yimfundo ekukhuthazeni ukuthathi-nxaxheba kwedemokhrasi kunye nokusebenza kunye noluntu.

Ugcino-lwazi lubonisa ukuba kumaziko aquka imimandla yokuganana ephezulu kunye nokudibana okungcono kwentlalo, okubonisa iingenelo ezibonakalayo zeendlela ezibandakanya ukwahlukahlukana nokukhuthaza ukuqondana ngokwesithethe. Xa abafundi befunda ukuxabisa ukwahluka ngokwezithethe kwaye beqonda ukuba abantu bayabelana ngamasiko, bayazibophelela ngakumbi kwimilinganiselo yedemokhrasi efana nokulingana, okusesikweni, nokuhlonelana.

Imfundo yenkcubeko inegalelo ekuthinteleni ucalucalulo, ikhethe, kunye nokungabi nankathalo ngokukhuthaza ukucingela ngokujongwa kwamaqela ahlukeneyo enkcubeko nokunikela inkcazelo echanileyo, ecacileyo engokwahlukileyo ngamaqela enkcubeko. Izikolo zimele zifunde izinto ezichanaba ukulwa nokungakholelwa kwingcamango yokungalawuleki, ngaloo ndlela ziqinisekisa amathuba alinganayo kubo bonke abantwana nabantu abaselula, nabantwana nabantu abaselula, bekhula beqonda yaye bekhuthaza ukukhuselwa kweSinti namaRom ekucaluni abantu abangabantu.

Ukucinga okuBanzi nokuThintelwa kweNgqikelelo

Imfundo yenkcubeko ikhulisa ukucinga kwabafundi ngokuzichasa ngeembono ezininzi kwiziganeko zembali, kwimibandela yentlalo, nakwizithethe. Xa abafundi bedibana neembono ezahlukeneyo baze bafunde ukuhlolisisa indlela inkcubeko ethetha ngayo nokuqondwa kwenkcubeko, bavelisa ubuchule obuntsonkothileyo bokucinga nokutshintsha ingqondo.

Ubuchule bokuthatha imbono yabanye, ukuyiqonda indlela elikhangeleka ngayo ihlabathi kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo yenkcubeko, iziphumo ezibalulekileyo zemfundo yenkcubeko esebenzayo. Lo buchule bokuthatha iliso lolwazelelelo, bunciphisa ulwazelelelo, kwaye bunceda ukuqonda okuthe gca kwimiba entso yentlalo kunye nezobupolitika. Abafundi abaphuhlisa ubuchule bokujongana ngeliso elibukhali baxhotyiswe bhetele ukuqhuba iingxabano ngendlela eyakhayo, bafumane isiseko sokwahlula-hlula, kwaye banegalelo ekudibaniseni iingxaki.

Ukulungiselela Ukuba ngummi Nempumelelo Kumsebenzi Wehlabathi Lonke

Kwihlabathi eliya lihambelana, ubuchule benkcubeko buye bafuneka ukuze kuphumelele umsebenzi kuzo zonke iinkalo. Abaqeshi baxabisa ngakumbi abaqeshwa abanokusebenza ngokunempumelelo kumaqela ahlukeneyo, banxibelelane ngemida yenkcubeko, baqonde iimarike zomhlaba wonke kunye neembono. Imfundo yenkcubeko inika abafundi iingenelo zokhuphiswano kushishino lomsebenzi ngokuphuhlisa obu buchule bufunwa kakhulu emva kwexesha.

Ngaphandle kokulungiselelwa kwemisebenzi, imfundo yenkcubeko ilungiselela abafundi ukuba bafumane ubumi behlabathi lonke obukhutheleyo, baqonde iziganeko zehlabathi, basebenzise ulwazi kwimicimbi yehlabathi lonke. Oku kulungiselela kubalulekile ukusingatha iingxaki zanamhlanje ezifana nokutshintsha kwemozulu, ukufuduka, ukungalingani kwezoqoqosho, kunye nemfazwe yezizwe ngezizwe, nto leyo efuna izicombululo ezincedisanayo ukudlula imida yezizwe ngezizwe.

Ukwanda Nophuhliso Lobuqu

Imfundo yenkcubeko inegalelo elibalulekileyo ekukhuleni kwabafundi ngokobuqu nasekuziseni kwabo. Kubafundi abasuka kwibala elincinane okanye kwimvelaphi yasemzini, ukubona izithethe zabo zimelwe kwaye zixatyiswa kufundo lungakhulisa ukuzixhasa, ukuganana kwemfundo, nokuziva beyinxalenye yemfundo. Kubafundi abasuka kwiimvelaphi ezininzi, ukuchanabeka kwiimvelaphi ezahlukahlukeneyo, ukuvavanywa kweengcamango, ukwandisa ulwazi, kunye nokutyebisa iimbono zobuqu zehlabathi.

Inkqubo yokufunda ngezinye iindawo idla ngokukhuthaza ukucamngca ngenkcubeko, imilinganiselo, kunye neengcamango zomntu. Le ndlela ikhawulezileyo yemfundo yenkcubeko inceda abafundi baqonde ngakumbi kwaye baqonde indlela echanekileyo yokuma kwenkcubeko yabo nendlela ejika ngayo iimbono namava abo. Oku kuziqonda kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhuleni komntu oqolileyo kunye nokunxibelelana okunempumelelo.

Ucelomngeni Lwemfundo Yesithethe

Ukuqhubeka Kufundiswa Ngokulinganayo

Inkqubo yemfundo iyaqhubeka izama ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabantwana nabantu abaselula abaneemvelaphi ezahlukeneyo, bebonakalisa iindlela zokuphathwa ngokungafaniyo nocalucalulo oluthintela ukudibana nokufundiswa kwabafundi ngokwahlukeneyo ngokweendidi, iilwimi, izithethe, nezonqulo. Oku kuyinyaniso ngokukodwa kubafundi abanemvelaphi engeyoyabantu, abanemeko ephantsi yezoqoqosho, kwakunye nabafundi abasuka kwiintsapho zabaphambukeli: iindidi ezixhaphakileyo.

Nangona kukho izivumelwano ezingokwenkqubo zemfundo yemveli nokufakwa, ukuphumelela okubalulekileyo kuyaqhubeka phakathi kwabafundi abasuka kwiimvelaphi zolunye uhlanga kunye noontanga babo abasuka kwiintsapho zamaJamani. Ezi zahlukaniso zibonisa ukudibana okuntsonkothileyo phakathi kweemeko zentlalo, iilwimi, ucalucalulo, kunye neempawu zobume benkqubo yemfundo yaseJamani, kuquka ukulandelela kwazo isikolo sahlukileyo.

Ukulungisa oku kungalinganiyo akufuni nje kuphela ukuphuculwa kwemfundo yenkcubeko kodwa kukwafuna utshintsho olubanzi ukuqinisekisa ukufikelela ngokulinganayo kumathuba okufundisa, inkxaso eyaneleyo ekuphuhlisweni kolwimi, nokupheliswa koqheliselo lokwahlula abantu kunye nezakhiwo ezingezizo abafundi abaneemvelaphi ezithile.

Ukusikelwa Kwezibonelelo Nomfundisi - ntsapho

Ukusebenzisa imfundo yenkcubeko ebanzi kufuna ubuncwane obubalulekileyo, kuquka izinto zokufundisa ezifanelekileyo, inkqubela-phambili yobugcisa kubafundisi- ntsapho, ixesha eliphakathi kwezifundo, kunye namaqumrhu enkcubeko. Izikolo ezininzi zijongene neengxaki kwezi ndawo, zilinganisela amandla azo okunika abafundi bonke amava emfundo yenkcubeko ephezulu.

Ulungiselelo lokufundisa lulucelomngeni olukhethekileyo. Ukufundisa, okuthi kwenzeke kumgangatho wemfundo, ngokufuthi kuquka imibandela yezithethe okanye eyahlukahlukeneyo, kodwa oku akunyanzelisi. Ukuqonda ukuba bonke abafundisi- ntsapho bakhulise ulwazi, ubuchule, kunye neempawu ezifunekayo ukuze imfundo yemfundo yoluntu iphumelele kufuneka ukudityaniswa okucwangcisiweyo kwezi zihloko kuzo zonke iinkqubo zokufundisa nokuphuhlisa inkqubo yobugcisa.

Inyathelo lokuqala kukuqwalasela abafundisi- ntsapho kuzo zonke izihloko ukuqaphela iziganeko ezichasene nolwaphulo-mthetho ukuze bakwazi ukusabela ngokufanelekileyo. Lo mgaqo usebenza ngokubanzi kuzo zonke iintlobo zocalulo nocalulo . /otitshala bafuna ukulungiselela ukuqwalasela nokucombulula le miba ngokunempumelelo xa bevela kumagumbi okufundela nakwimimandla yesikolo.

Iintlanga - ntle Neengxubakaxaka Zezobupolitika

Imfundo yenkcubeko ayibangelwa kukungakhathalelwa kwanto kodwa iphakathi kwentlalo ekhoyo ebonakala kwiingxoxo zezobupolitika eziphathelele ukufuduka, ukumanyana, ubuzwe, nezithethe ezahlukahlukeneyo.

Amanye amalungu ebutho labantu baseJamani ayazixhathisa iindlela zemfundo zezizwe ngezizwe, akhetha imizekelo egxininisa kwizithethe nolwimi lwamaJamani ngoxa enciphisa inkxalabo kwiindidi ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ezi ngxaki zinokubonakala kwiimpikiswano ezisekelwe kulwazi oluqulethweyo, kwiingxoxo eziphathelele uqheliselo lonqulo ezikolweni, okanye ukuxhathisa ukukhuthaza ukuqondwa kobuhlanga.

Ukuphelisa ezi ngxaki kufuna ingqalelo enzulu kunxibelelwano nabazali namaqela, ukuqiqeka okucacileyo kwemfundo yesithethe, kunye nendlela ezakha iibhulorho kunokuba zibangele izahlukano. Izikolo kufuneka zifumane iindlela zokuhlonela imilinganiselo kunye nemimiselo yoluntu efanayo ngoxa zikwaqonda nokuxabisa izithethe ezahlukeneyo.

Ukulungelelanisa Ubunzulu Nesonka

Ucelomngeni olungapheliyo kwimfundo yenkcubeko lubandakanya ukulungelelanisa ubunzulu nobubanzi obufanelekileyo bezithethe ezahlukeneyo ngoxa kukwanceda ukuyiqonda ngokunzulu izithethe ezithile zenkcubeko nemeko-bume. Iindlela ezibalaseleyo ezinciphisa izithethe zize zisetyenziswe ngokwemiboniso yemiboniso okanye izibakala ezizodwa zingakwazi ukuvelisa ubuchule bokwenyani bokunxibelelana kwaye zisenokude zixhase iingcamango zeengxaki.

Imfundo yenkcubeko esebenzayo ifuna ukushukuma ngaphaya "kokhenketho" iindlela zokuphatha inkcubeko njengezinto ezingaqhelekanga ukuze zibonwe kancinci, endaweni yokukhuthaza ukudityaniswa okuqhubekayo nokuntsonkotha kwenkcubeko, iinguqu zangaphakathi, kunye nokutshintsha okunamandla. Oku kufuna ucwangciso lokufundisa olucokisekileyo, ulwabelo lwexesha elaneleyo, kunye neendlela zokuhlola ezikhuthaza ukuphanda okubalulekileyo kunokungalusebenzisi ulwazi lwenkcubeko.

Ukuthetha Ngocalucalulo NeeBhaas

Sekunjalo izikolo zidla ngokuvelisa iiklasi ezahlukeneyo njengengxaki okanye ucelomngeni, ngokufuthi ezibonakala ngokubonisa umkhwa, ikhethe, nohlobo oluthile localucalulo oluthintela ukufakwa nokufundiswa kwabafundi ngokunempumelelo kumaqela athile eentlanga, eelwimi nonqulo — kuquka abafundi beembacu, abafundi abangamaSilamsi, abafundi bomnombo wamaRom, nabafundi abanemibala engafaniyo.

Utshintsho lwembono yentsilelo ejonge ulwahluka-hlukeneyo njengengxaki kwizinto ezikhoyo ezithi ziqonde umahluko njengovimba ofuna umgudu oqhubekayo kumgangatho omninzi (ukusuka kwisimo sengqondo somfundisi ngamnye kunye noqheliselo kwimigaqo-nkqubo yembutho kunye nezinto. Olu tshintsho lubalulekile ekuqondeni amandla apheleleyo emfundo yenkcubeko ukukhuthaza ukuthengwa nokufakwa.

Indlela Entsha Yokwehla Neendlela Zexesha Elizayo

Utshintsho lobugcisa bamanani kunye notshintshiselwano oluyinyani

Kulindeleke ukuba amagumbi okufundela afikelele kuma-85% ezikolo kwiinyanga ezili-12 ezizayo, ukuze ubugcisa bamanani bungabi namthungo. Bunika amathuba amatsha emfundo yenkcubeko, kuquka iinkqubo zokutshintshisana ezidibanisa abafundi kwimida yesizwe, ukufikelela kwizinto zenkcubeko ezahlukahlukeneyo kwimigangatho ye-intanethi, kunye nokufumana ii-media ezininzi ukuphanda ngemibandela yenkcubeko.

Inyaniso yokwenene kunye nobugcisa benene obunyusiweyo zithembisa ngokukhethekileyo ngemfundo yenkcubeko, ukubonelela amava akhuthazayo eengingqi zenkcubeko, iziganeko zembali, kunye nobugcisa obungafikeleleki. Ezi zixhobo zobugcisa zinokuxhasa kunokuthatha indawo yeenkqubano ezithe ngqo, zibonelele amava okulungiselela okanye zibonelele ngokulandelayo ukutyelelwa kwemali ephathekayo kunye nokutyelelwa.

Ukubaluleka okusemgangathweni kunxulumene nokusetyenziswa nokusetyenziswa nokusetyenziswa kwamajelo eendaba njengenkqubo yokufundisa nokufunda, kwaye, ngokunxulumene nezixhobo zezikolo, kwakhona, njengendawo ekufundiswa kuyo. Oku kugxininiswa kubonakalisa amathuba nocelomngeni olukhoyo kubugcisa bezobugcisa bezobugcisa benkcubeko kwimfundo yenkcubeko, kuquka imibuzo ephathelele ubumi bamanani, unxibelelwano lwe-intanethi, kunye nohlalutyo olunenkcitho lwenkcubeko kumajelo eediadi.

Ucinezelo olusekelwe kwi-Asteroid

Iindlela zokuvavanya zisuka kwimodeli yovavanyo lwesithethe ukuya kwimilinganiso esekelwe kwi-holic, i-ukhuphiswano esekelwe kwi-lity, kunye nabafundi ngoku bajongwa ngobuchule obufana nokusebenzisana, ukudibanisa ingxaki, nokufunda amanani, hayi ukucalula nje inkumbulo. Olu tshintsho luneentsingiselo ezibalulekileyo kwimfundo yesithethe, ukunceda uhlalutyo oluthe ngqo lwe-intercultural instructions kwii-portfolios, imisebenzi, kunye nemisebenzi esekelwe kwimisebenzi.

Iindlela ezisekelwe kwingqokelela zinokuyibamba ngcono intsonkothileko, indalo edibeneyo yemfundo ephakathi, kuquka isimo sengqondo, ubuchule, nolwazi ekunzima ukuluhlolisisa kwiifomati zovavanyo lwesithethe. Ingakumbi amanani enziwe abafundi bakwazi ukubhala baze bacinge ngamava okufunda okuzala nokukhula okuninzi ngexesha elithile.

Izixhobo ezifikeleleka kuphuhliso lwentlalo

Ngokukhulayo, abafundisi-mfundo nabenzi benkqubo bayaqonda ukuba imfundo yenkcubeko ephumelelayo ifuna iindlela ezipheleleyo zemfundo ezingaphaya kolwakhiwo lwemfundo ukuze iqukelele inkcubeko yesikolo, imigaqo-nkqubo, isebe, kunye nolwalamano loluntu. Le mbono yenkqubo iyavuma ukuba abafundi bafunda kungekuphela nje ngemfundo ecacileyo kodwa kwakhona nangemiyalezo ecacileyo edluliselwa ngendlela izikolo ezisebenza ngayo kwaye banezikhundla zegunya nempembelelo.

Ukusebenzisa zonke iindlela zesikolo kusenokuquka imigudu yokudibanisa abafundisi-mfundo ukuze babonakalise amanani angakumbi abafundi, ukuseka iinkqubo ezibandakanya ukufakwa kwezigqibo ezahlukahlukeneyo, ukwenza imekobume yokwamkelwa kwezithethe ezahlukeneyo, kunye nokuphuhlisa unxulumano nemibutho eyahlukeneyo yasekuhlaleni. Ezi ndlela zobuchule zibanzi zijolise ekuveliseni izithethe zesikolo apho iiyantlukwano zixatyiswa ngokwenene nabo bonke abafundi bavakalelwa ukuba bangabazo.

Ukomeleza Ukhuthazo Lwezizwe Ngezizwe

Inkqubela yexesha elizayo yemfundo yezenkcubeko eJamani ibandakanya intsebenziswano eyandisiweyo yehlabathi lonke enceda ukwabelana ngemisebenzi esebenzayo, ukuphuhliswa koludwe lwezifundo ezidityanisiweyo, kunye namathuba angakumbi okutshintshiselana ngomfundi nomfundisi-lwazi. Kwi-"Tranco of Aachen" kwintsebenziswano ne-Jamani ngoJanuwari 2019, iJamani neFransi ngamnye wavuma ukusungula iqhinga lokunceda ukwandisa inani labafundi kunye nabafundi abafunda ulwimi lwabafundi, ukuchaza indlela izivumelwano ezinokuxhasa ngayo iinjongo zemfundo yenkcubeko.

Intsebenziswano enjalo inganwenwela ngaphaya kweYurophu ukuquka unxulumano nezikolo kunye neenkqubo zemfundo kwezinye imimandla, ukwandisa ulwazi lwabafundi lwehlabathi lonke kunye nokuvelisa amathuba okufunda ngezithethe ezahlukeneyo. Ezi nkqubo zezizwe ngezizwe zikwanceda abafundisi-mfundo baseJamani ukuba bafunde kwiindlela ezintsha zokufikelela kwimfundo yenkcubeko ephuhlisiweyo kwamanye amazwe, ukukhuthaza inkqubela eqhubekayo nolwamkelo lwezenzo.

Ukuhlaziywa kolondolozo nemfundo yeNkcubeko

Ukuhlanganiswa kwemfundo ukuze iqhubeke ikho nemfundo yesithethe kungumda obalulekileyo wokuphuhliswa kwexesha elizayo. Ubuchule obungundoqo buquka ukucinga ngendlela elungeleleneyo, ukuqwalasela ngokubalulekileyo, nokuthabatha inxaxheba, ngenjongo yokuba abafundi baxolele ikamva labo nenkqubela yabo yentlalo ngendlela entle, kumda wesijikelezi - langa yaye ngoxa bexhasa amalungelo abo bonke abantu.

Oku kudibana kuyaqonda ukuba ukusingatha iingxaki ezizinzileyo emhlabeni wonke kufuna intsebenziswano yentlalo nengqiqo yendlela eyahlukeneyo enxulumene ngayo nemibandela yokusingqongileyo, ukulungelelanisa unxulumano lwabantu, nokuqwalasela imibuzo yokusetyenziswa koovimba nolondolozo. Imfundo yenkcubeko inokuba negalelo ekuxhaseni imfundo exhasayo ngokukhuthaza iinkxwaleko ezifunekayo kwintsebenziswano yomhlaba wonke kwimibandela yemeko-bume, ngoxa imfundo elondolozayo inokwenza imfundo yenkcubeko ngokubalaselisa imfuno yenkcubeko ngokubala imilinganiselo yenkcubeko kunye nezicombululo.

Inkxaso Enyuliweyo Yabafundi Abasandul ’ Ukufika

Ukuzinikela kweJamani kwimfundo epheleleyo kunamandla kunanini na ngaphambili, kumthetho owiswe kwizikolo eziqhutyelwa phambili kuma-2024 ukuba zixhase angakumbi abafundi abaneemfuno ezikhethekileyo nabo bavela kwiimvelaphi ezahlukahlukeneyo, oko kuthetha abafundisi-mfundo abaninzi, izixhobo zokufundisa ezilungelelaniswayo, kunye nezifundo zemfundo ezichubekileyo ngokwenkcubeko. Lo kuzinikela kukwandiswa ekuxhaseni abafundi abasandul'ukufika kunye nabo bangabathathi-nxaxheba, abajamelana nocelomngeni oluthile ekuqhelaneni nezikolo zaseJamani ngoxa begcina unxulumano nemvelaphi yabo.

Inkxaso esebenzayo kwaba bafundi ifuna uqeqesho olukhethekileyo lolwimi, ukufundisa ngokwesithethe, iindlela zobuchule zokwenzakala kwentliziyo kubafundi abakhe bahamba okanye bafumana ugonyamelo, kunye neenkqubo ezinceda iintsapho zihambe ngendlela elungeleleneyo kwinkqubo yemfundo yaseJamani. Izikolo ezixhasa ngokunempumelelo abafundi abasandul' ukufikayo zidala iindawo zokusingqongileyo zokwamkela, zibonelela ubuncwane obaneleyo, zibone amandla nolwazi abafunda abaluzisayo kunokuba banikele ingqalelo kwiintsilelo kuphela.

Indima yemfundo yeNkcubeko ekulawuleni ikamva leJamani

Njengokuba iJamani iqhubeka iguquka njengebutho labantu abahlukeneyo, abanezithethe ezahlukeneyo, imfundo yenkcubeko iza kuba nendima ebaluleke ngakumbi ekulolongeni ikamva lesizwe. Ubuchule, ulwazi, kunye nesimo sengqondo esiphuhliswa ngemfundo yesithethe ebanzi zibalulekile ekulondolozeni umanyano lwentlalo, ekukhuthazeni inxaxheba yedemokhrasi, ekukhuthazeni ukhuphiswano lwezoqoqosho, nasekucombululeni iingxaki ezifuna ukudibana kwenkcubeko.

IJamani iguquke kakhulu ukusuka kwilizwe elizigqala njengelifanayo nebutho labantu abanomahluko kunye nabafuduki. Olu tshintsho lufuna indaleko efanayo kwiindlela zokufundisa ukuqinisekisa ukuba bonke abafundi (_abangenamdla kwimvelaphi yabo) banamathuba okuphumelela nokufak' isandla kwibutho lamaJamani ngeli ligcina inkcubeko nonxulumano lwabo.

Ukuphumelela kwemfundo yenkcubeko eJamani kuya kuxhomekeka kwisibopho esizinzileyo esisuka kubenzi bezomthetho, abafundisi-mthetho, iintsapho, kunye noluntu kwimigaqo yokuqondana ngokwezentlalo, ukulingana nokubandakanya. Oku kufuna ubuncwane obaneleyo, inkqubela eqhubekayo yobugcisa kubafundisi-lwazi, ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kolwazi nokungalawuleki okusekelwe kuphando nokuqheliswa komsebenzi, nokukulungela ukucombulula iingxaki ezinzima ezinxulumene nocalucalucalulo, ukungalingani, kunye nokungabi nabulungisa kwembali.

Kukho ukungenelela okuthembisayo nenyathelo elithembisayo lokusingatha imicimbi yedemokhrasi, iyantlukwano, kunye namathuba alinganayo ezikolweni, okubonisa ukuba iinguqulelo ezifanelekileyo zinokwenzeka xa abangenisi besebenza kunye nobuchule obucacileyo bokubona nokuzingisa. Ukwakha kwezi zinto zithembisayo ngoxa usenza ucelomngeni oluzingisileyo kuya kuba yimfuneko ekuqondeni ngokupheleleyo ukuba nenxaxheba kwezenkcubeko ukwenzela abafundi ukuba balungele ukuba nenxaxheba okunentsingiselo, kolawulo-demokhrasi, nokumanyeneyo.

Isiphelo: Imfundo yeNkcubeko njengesiseko sekamva

Imfundo yenkcubeko eJamani imela okungaphezulu kakhulu kunokudibanisa okanye ukusabela kwinguqulelo yamanani abantu. Ingumsebenzi osisiseko wokulungiselela abantu abaselula ubomi kwinkulungwane yama-21, ukuphuhlisa ubuchule obubalulekileyo ukuze baneliseke, impumelelo yobugcisa, ubumi bobudemokhrasi, kunye nokudityaniswa kwehlabathi. Ngendlela ebanzi edibanisa imixholo yenkcubeko kwimibandela edibeneyo, inika amathuba okufunda, ukuphuhlisa izithethe ezichuliweyo, nokukhuthaza izithethe eziqulukileyo, izikolo zisebenzela ukuphuhlisa ukhuphiswano lwabafundi lwemfundo yobuqu kunye nokulungiselela ukuqhuba imicimbi ezahlukahlukeneyo neyo.

Indaleko yemfundo yenkcubeko eJamani(ukusuka kwi-assimilitionism "umntu wezizwe ovela kwelinye ilizwe" ukuya kwiindlela zangoku zokusebenzisana ```iinguqu ezibanzi zentlalo-ntle' kunye nokuqatshelwa okukhulayo okungamelanga ucelomngeni lokulawulwa kodwa isibonelelo esimele sixatyiswe kwaye siphuhliswe. Nangona iingxaki ezibalulekileyo zisekho, kuquka ukungalingani okuqhubekayo, ukunqandwa kwezibonelelo, ukuzinikela kwimfundo yenkcubeko ebonakala kwimicimbiso, imikhwa emitsha, kunye nezenzo enxulumeneyo inika isizathu sokuba nethemba ngenkqubela phambili.

Njengoko iJamani ikhangele kwikamva, imfundo yenkcubeko iza kuqhubeka iguquka ijongene nokutshintsha kwamanani, uphuhliso lobugcisa, ucelomngeni lwehlabathi, nokuvela kolwazi olusebenzayo. Ukudityaniswa kobugcisa bemichiza, ukugxininisa kwimfundo esekelwe kwimfundo esekelwe kwimfundo, zonke iindlela zokuphuhlisa imfundo yenkcubeko kunye nonxulumano phakathi kwemfundo yenkcubeko kunye nemfundo ehlala ikho kumela imigaqo enika ithemba kwizinto eziqhubekekayo nenkqubela phambili.

Ekugqibeleni, impumelelo yemfundo yenkcubeko eJamani iya kulinganiswa kungekuphela nje ngamaxwebhu enkqubo kunye neenkqubo zokufundisa kodwa ngamava aphilayo abafundi abakwiiklasi nakwizikolo kulo lonke ilizwe. Xa abafundi abavela kuzo zonke imvelaphi beziva bexabisekile kwaye bequkwa, bevelisa iinkxwaleko zokwenene zomanyano, kwaye bekulungele ukunikela igalelo ngokwakhayo kwibutho labantu elihlukeneyo ledemokhrasi, imfundo yenkcubeko iya kuyiphumeza injongo yayo ebalulekileyo. Ukufezekisa lo mbono kufuna isibopho esiqhubekayo, oovimba abaneleyo, ukufunda nokuqhelaniswa, kunye nentsebenzi bonke ababheneyo kwimfundo yaseJamani.

Abo banomdla wokufunda okungakumbi ngemfundo engokwahlukahlukana kwemfundo, iNgqungquthela [[FLT: 0] exhasa iNgqungquthela yabaPhathiswa beMicimbi yezemfundo neNkcubeko[ ibonelela ngoovimba boncedo namaxwebhu enkqubo. Ngaphezu koko, [ umsebenzi wemfundo ye-UNUSCO] unika izicwangciso zemfundo zemfundo yeqela lesizwe [ inikeza iimbono zezizwe ngezizwe ngezizwe ngezizwe kule mibaluleka. [[FLT:]] [FUNT]] i-Activectivessss proces projectives [FFFoctive-D] yemfundo yezemfundo yezizwe ngezizwe, ngexesha lokuxhasa uluntu noluvo lwamazwe ngamazwe ngamazwe ngamazwe ngamazwe.[FT][5]