Kule nkathi yolwazi ekhawulezayo namhlanje, ukwahlula inyani kwingxelo yentsomi kumaziko eendaba inzima kunanini na ngaphambili. Ngokwanda kweqonga lobucukubhede bezixhobo zoluntu, imijikelo yama-24 yeeyure ezingama-24, kunye nokuququzelelwa komsebenzisi, ulwazi oluphosakeleyo lunganwenwa ngokukhawuleza kunenyaniso. Kubafundisi-mfundo kunye nabafundi ngokufanayo, ukuphuhlisa ubuchule bokuvavanya ngokunzulu imithombo ye-media kunye nolwaneliseko akuyo nje inkxaso yemfundo yemfundo efunekayo kulwazi-ubumi. Le ndlela yandisa inika amacebo aluncedo, izixhobo, kunye neendlela ezisisiseko zokunceda abafundisi nabafundi baqhutyelelwgela ngentembelo nangendlela entsokothile yokulungisa indlela yokugcina ulwazi-ndaba oluntsonkothile.

Ukubaluleka Okunzulu Kokufunda Imfundo Yamajelo Omculo

Ukwazi ukufikelela, ukuhlalutya, ukujonga, ukudala, kunye nokuthatha inyathelo ngokusebenzisa zonke iintlobo zonxibelelwano. Kwixesha apho imigaqo-mithetho ibumba oko sikubonayo kunye nokuyila okunzulu, ukufunda okuphuma kwizinto ezifihlakeleyo kububuchule obubalulekileyo bobomi. Kunika abantu amandla okubuza ingxelo, ukuqinisekisa iziphakamiso, kunye nokuxhathisa. Qwalasela ezi zizathu zilandelayo zokuba ukufunda iincwadi zezixhobo zekhompyutha kumele kubekwe kwimfundo:

  • [[FLT: 0] Icebo lokuThina ulwandiso: inyanzelisa abafundi ukuba bahambe ngapha koko basebenzise umgangatho waphezulu. Iqeqesha ubuchopho ukuba bubuze [ ukuba adale lo myalezo, [[[FLT:]] [[FLT]] yadalwa, [] indlela [[FLT]]] ifakwe ngayo, [[FLT:] ishiyekile [[FLT]]
  • I- Ukwenziwa kwengingqi yoluntu: Idemokhrasi esebenza ixhomekeke kunyulo olunolwazi. Xa abemi bengenakukwazi ukwahlula inyaniso kwintsomi, intetho yesidlangalala ethobayo, kunye nabadlali abangalunganga basebenzisa ukudideka.
  • [[NTL: 0] Ukungavumelani noMkhosi Ochasene noMnyama: I-Mistinformation ayisosicaphulo nje; ingaba neziphumo zehlabathi lokwenene, ukusukela ekuthambiseni ngemichiza ukuya ekungeneni konyulo. Ukufunda nokubhala okuqulethwe ngeenkcukacha zobuchopho, kunciphisa ukuchanabeka kulwazi lobuxoki.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Amandla kwizithuba zamanani: uvuzo lwezibonelelo zezentlalo zonxibelelwano olugqithisileyo. Abantu abafundayo bamaMedia abanamathuba aneleyo okudibanisa imixholo eshukumayo okanye engasetyenziswanga, ethoba ukusasazwa kobuxoki.

Ukukhuthaza ukufunda ukufikelela kwimixholo epheleleyo kuzo zonke iinkalo ngezantsi ukusuka kwimbali nakwinzululwazi ukuya kubugcisa bolwimi, -- inceda abafundi babone ukuba ukucingela okubalulekileyo bubuchule bomhlaba wonke, kungekhona isihloko esisemgangathweni.

Ukuqonda Intsingiselo Yenkcazelo Ephosakeleyo

Ngaphambi kokuba uhlambe uqinisekisa, kubalulekile ukuqonda iindidi ezahlukeneyo zenkcazelo engeyonyani. Ukuqonda ezi ndlela kunceda abafundi baphawule ngokukhawuleza iiflegi ezibomvu.

Iintlobo Eziqhelekileyo Zenkcazelo Ephosakeleyo

  • [[UMTL:0] Ukuqulathiweyo kwenziwa ngenjongo yokuhlekisa, kodwa ngokufuthi kuphosakele njengendaba yokwenene xa ithatyathwe ngaphandle komongo. Umzekelo: i-Onion.
  • Imixholo Ekhokelayo: Ulwazi olusebenzisa izibakala zokwenyaniso ngendlela ekhohlisayo ukulungiselela umba ngokungalunganga. Umzekelo, i cherry- ikhetha amanani.
  • Imixholo ye ``[FLT''' efana nemithombo yokwenene (iiwebhusayithi ze-fake zifana neziphumezi zokwenene zeendaba).
  • Imixholo eHlanganisiweyo:[[FTL:1] Inkcukacha zobuxoki ezipheleleyo, ezisoloko zenzelwe ukukhohlisa nokwenza umonakalo.
  • [[Udibaniso lobuxoki: 0] Udibaniso lobuxoki: imigca yentloko, imbonakalo, okanye iinkcazelo zenkcazelo zemifanekiso ezingaxhasiyo iqulatho lokwenene.
  • [[FLT: 0] Intsingiselo Engeyonyani: umxholo wokwenene wabelwene nolwazi lomongo olungachananga. Umzekelo, umfanekiso omdala osetyenziswa ukuchaza isiganeko sangoku.
  • Imixholo edityanisiweyo: umxholo wokwenene otshintshiweyo (ofana nemifanekiso edityanisiweyo okanye iividiyo (ii-efakes).

Ngokufundisa abafundi ezindidi, abafundisi babanika amagama okuqwalasela oko bakubonayo. Xa umfundi edibana nento eyothusayo, bangabuza: [[FLT: 0] Ingaba le nto inzima? Ingaba yaqanjwa? Ingaba umongo uchanile?

Ukuqonda Amacebiso Anokuthenjwa: Imfihlelo Enzulu

Inqaku lokuqala lanikela imigaqo eluncedo ``Igunya, ucoselelo, ukucingela, imali nokuyidibanisa. Makhe sandise nganye yayo ngemizekelo eqinileyo namanyathelo asebenzayo.

Igunya: Ngubani Oxhasa Inkcazelo?

Khangela iziqinisekiso zombhali. Ngaba bayingcaphephe kwibala? Khangela "Mayela Nefo. Kwimibutho yeendaba, qwalasela ingxelo yerekhodi yempapasho yocoselelo kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo wolungiso. Lumka kwimithombo engaziwayo okanye ibhayoloji engacacanga. Umzekelo: Ilingo lezamayeza kufuneka livele kugqirha, umphengululi, okanye kwiqumrhu lezempilo elidumileyo, hayi kwirekhodi ezenzekelayo.

Unyanisile: Ngaba Le nkcazelo Ixhaswa Bubungqina?

Funda ngapha komxholo. Amabali amaninzi obuxoki anemixholo eshukumayo kodwa akukho nto ibalulekileyo. Jonga ucatshulo kwimithombo engundoqo(izifundo zokuqala, iingxelo ezisemthethweni, iingcaphulo ezithe ngqo. Ukuba inqaku lenza ikhawuleziso njenge "75% yabantu bakholelwa u X," zama ukufumana uphando lokuqala. Sebenzisa injini yokuphengulula ukubona ukuba ezinye iinkcazelo ezinokuthenjwa ziyalichaza na ibali elifanayo.

IBhaya: Ngaba Ikho iAgenda Efihlakeleyo?

Wonke umthombo unomkhethe othile, kodwa isitshixo kukubonakala. Iindaba ezichaphazelekayo zokwahlukana koluvo kwiindaba kunye nomhleli wegama. Sebenzisa izixhobo ezifana ne [[FLT: 0] Imeko yeMedia Bias Ikhangela ukubona apho imvelaphi iwela khona kwimiba yezobupolitika. Khangela "Mayela" iphepha ukwenzela inkxaso-mali. Indawo engafuniyo ukuchaza ubunikazi okanye inkxaso yemali imele iphakamise ikrokrele.

Imali: Ngaba Le Njengxuma Itsha?

Kumatshini okhawulezayo (impumelelo yenzululwazi, unyulo, iintlekele), ulwazi oluphelelwe lixesha lungalahlekisa. Jonga kwisitampu somhla. Ukuba inqaku lineminyaka emithathu ubudala, ugcino-lwazi lwalo lungasayi kuba lufanelekile. Kwakhona khangela ukuba inxuwa lihlaziyiwe kusini na inqaku ``indawo eziphuma kuyo ezinokungeniswa amanqaku okuhlaziya.

Igquma: Ngaba Umthombo Unikela Umxholo?

Ingaba inqaku linikela iimbono ezininzi? Ingaba iyazibetha ngoyaba izibakala ezingundoqo eziphikisanayo nolu bhalo lwalo? Kwimiba entsonkothileyo, khangela ugcino-lwazi olude oluhlola umahluko endaweni yokufutshane, amaqhekeza endlela yokucofa. Ukuba ibali lisekelwe kumthombo omnye ongaziwayo, yiflegi ebomvu.

Inyaniso eqhubela phambili yokuchopha: Iindlela kunye nezixhobo

Ngaphandle kokukhangela imvelaphi ethembekileyo, abafundi bafuna ubuchule bokukhangela izandla. Inqaku lokuqala lidwelise iiwebhsayithi ezizizo ezikhangela kakuhle. Singalunweba olo luhlu kwaye sichaze indlela yokuzisebenzisa ngokunempumelelo.

Ukusebenzisa izithuba ezijoliswe kwinyaniso

  • [[UMTL:0][FLT] Uvulindlela ekulahleni iintsomi zasedolophini, amarhe, kunye nokuqulathwe yintsholongwane. Yisebenzise kwintelekelelo ze-intanethi, iimememe, kunye neengxelo zezentlalo-ntlalo.
  • [FLT]FOCKCK. org:[[[FTL:3] Iprojekthi engangeni kwicala le-ANCENCE Poligil Center. Ibhekisa kwizibhengezo zezopolitiko, iingxoxo, kunye neengxelo zonyulwa ngamagosa.
  • [[UMTL:0] i-POLITIFAC Isebenzisa i-"TRUT-O- Meter" ukulinganisa ucoselelo lweziphumo zezopolitiko ukusuka kumgangatho wengingqi ukuya kumgangatho wesizwe.
  • Inyaniso ikhangela [: Inkonzo yeendaba yehlabathi lonke engqina imifanekiso, iividiyo, kunye nentelekelelo ezivela ehlabathini lonke. Intle kakhulu kumabali zwenibanzi.
  • Imeko yeCheck (Australia) okanye Inyaniso epheleleyo [UK]]:[ imibutho yengingqi ekhangela intetho egqume ngokucokisekileyo.

Indlela yokuzisebenzisa: Xa udibana nento ekrokrelekayo, ungaphengululi nje kuphela. phengulula amagama ayintloko kwintengo dibanisa "uvavanyo lwenyani" okanye "umzekelo" "ivideo ibonakalisa inyikima eJapani 2024 ixilongwe" okanye "iyinyaniso ukuba iziphumo ezisecaleni ze-gamma ziquka uhlolo lwenyani luka-X". Amanxuwa amaninzi akhangelayo ane bar yokukhangela.

Ukukhangela Umfanekiso Okungasemva: Ukuqinisekisa Okubonakalayo

Imifanekiso neevidiyo zisoloko zithathwa ngaphandle komongo. Izixhobo ezifana Imifanekiso yeGoogle (chofoza umfanekiso wecamera) okanye TE] zikuvumela ukuba ubeke umfanekiso okanye ucole i URL yayo ukubona apho ivele khona kwi Internet. Oku kungabonisa ukuba ifoto yombalo isuka kwisixeko esahlukileyo okanye unyaka. [[FLT:] Ividiyo, isebenzisa i Iproject yoluvo [[FLT: 4.] [IIFLT]

Ukukhangela Amagama ommandla kunye nokubonakala kobuCwebhu

Amanxuwa eendaba akhohlisayo asoloko esebenzisa amagama ethambeka (umz. "abcnews.com" endaweni ye "abcawys.go.com"). Izixhobo ezifana ngubani. ngu angabonisa ukuba ngubani onomphezulu wethambeka kwaye xa ebhalisiwe. Ummandla omtsha we brackets ozibanga ukuba yindawo yeendaba ukrokrelekile. Kwakhona jonga kwindlela ye ndawo yegcisa, intengiso, intengiso ezigqithisileyo, nokunqongophala kwemixoko.

Indima Yemiqathango Yesohlwayo Kwinkcazelo Ephosakeleyo

Kwanabona bantu basebenzisa amajelo eendaba ngobulumko banokufumana ubuxoki ngenxa yokusebenzisa ingqondo ngendlela elula.

Izixhobo Eziqhelekileyo Ezicutha Inyaniso

  • Isiqinisekiso se Bias: Utyekelo lokufuna nokukholelwa ulwazi olungqina iinkolelo zethu ezikhoyo. Ukuba ibali lihambelana nemboniselo yethu yehlabathi, asinakuthandabuza ukuchana kwayo.
  • Isiphumo somlilo: Xa abantu benikwa ubungqina obuphikisana nenkolelo ebambelele ngokunzulu, basenokuba baqiniswe ngakumbi kwindawo yabo yasekuqaleni. Oku kwenza ulungiso lwempazamo lube lucelomngeni.
  • [[FLT: 0] I-Aurial Heuricism: ikhupha ulwazi olusekelwe kwindlela elula ngayo engqondweni imizekelo. Ibali elichukumisayo lisoloko livakala liyinyaniso kakhulu kunamanani omileyo, nokuba amanani achanekile.
  • Isiphumo se-Kurguner: Xa sinolwazi oluncinane ngesihloko, kokukhona sinokuqiniseka ngakumbi kumgwebo wethu. Oku kungakhokelela ekucingeni kakhulu amandla ethu okubona iindaba zenkohliso.

Indlela yokulungisa ucalucalulo kwiklasi: Ukukhuthaza abafundi ukuba bafune ngokukhutheleyo iimbono ezivavanyayo. Sebenzisa imithambo efana "sel-maning""" ukulungelelanisa eyona ndlela inamandla yokuphikisa impikiswano phambi kokuyigxeka. Fundisa abafundi ukuba banqumame phambi kokuba babelane ngolwaneliseko lwemvakalelo: "Ukuba oku kundenza ndibe nomsindo okanye ndonwabe, kufuneka ndiqinisekise phambi kokuba ndibelane."

Ukuvelisa Ubuchule Bokucinga Obubalulekileyo: Ubugcisa Obusebenzisekayo

Inqaku lokuqala ladwelisa umbandela ophando ngomthombo womthombo, ukuhlolisisa ubungqina, ukuqwalasela iimbono nokucinga ngekhethe.

Indlela YeSIFT

Iveliswe ngu Mike Caulfield, indlela yeSIFT inika indlela eneenyawo ezine yokuvavanya ulwazi kwi-intanethi:

  1. [[UMTL: 0] Yima: Phambi kokwabelana okanye ukukholelwa, nqumama. Musa ukuthatha inyathelo ngokungxama.
  2. [[UMTLL: 0] Jonga imvelaphi: Jonga umbhali, umvakalisi, okanye umbutho. Uphendlo olukhawulezileyo lungabonisa ukuba bayathenjwa.
  3. [[UMTL: 0] Fuma igqumo elingcono: Endaweni yokufunda inqaku lokuqala, khangela oko kuthethwa ngabanye abaxhasi ngengxelo efanayo. Ukuba akukho mthombo uthembekileyo oyixelayo, yiba namathandabuzo.
  4. [[FLT: 0] Iintengiso, iicaphula, kunye ne Media kwimo yokuqala: Buyela kwisifundo sokuqala, ulwimi, okanye ividiyo. Ngokufuthi, ulwazi lujijekile xa lususiwe kumongo.

Uvavanyo lwe CRAAP (luhlaziyiwe)

Olu vavanyo lodidi lumela iStanka, u-Relevice, iGunya, ucoselelo, kunye nenjongo. Dibanisa ezinye ezimbini: P ye [ P P[[FLT]][iiimvelaphi ezininzi] ezixhasa intelekelelo? Zingaba zeziqalayo okanye ezilandelayo?]. Oku kuba nguvavanyo lweCRAP.

Ukufunda Emva

Abakhangeli benyaniso basebenzisa ukufunda okulandelayo: kunokuba bahlale kwi-website enye kwaye bazame ukugweba ukuthembeka kwayo ngokubonakala kwayo (ukufundwa ngokusuka phezulu), bavula oo-tab abatsha ukukhangela ulwazi malunga nenxuwa okanye intelekelelo. Oku kukhawulezisa kwaye kuyasebenza. Fundisa abafundi ukugcina ii-tab ezininzi zivuliwe baze bathelekise imithombo.

Ukufundisa Abafundisi: Ukuhamba Ngaphaya Komgunyathi

Isicelo seklasi silapho kufumaneka khona ulwazi olusebenzayo. Ezi ndlela zilandelayo zakhela kwiziphakamiso zokuqala kodwa zongeza isakhiwo nobunzulu.

Ulwazi lwamajelo eendaba kwiNto nganye

Imfundo yezobugcisa ayinzelwanga nje izifundo zentlalo okanye isiNgesi. Kwiklasi yenzululwazi, hlolisisa indlela uphando lwenzululwazi oluchazwa ngayo ezindabeni ludibene nephepha lokuqala. Kwizibalo, hlolisisa amanani asetyenziswa kwizibhengezo. Kwimbali, thelekisa indlela imithombo eyahlukeneyo edibanise ngayo isiganeko esinye amashumi eminyaka ahlukeneyo.

Sebenzisa imithambo esebenzayo

Khetha iprojekthi yangoku, ephikisayo edla ngokusetyenziswa kwi media yentlalo. Yenza abafundi basebenze ngababini ukuyikhangela ngenyaniso ngexesha lokwenene besebenzisa izixhobo ezingentla. Emva koko banike iziphumo zabo kudidi. Oku kwakha intembelo nobuchule.

Uhlolisiso Lwetyala LeViral Mistation

Sebenzisa imizekelo edumileyo: "Pizagate" iyelenqe, intengo yobuxoki yokuba i-COVID-19 yenziwa kwilebhu njengesixhobo esisetyenziswayo, okanye iividiyo ezisetyenziswayo zezopolitiko. Yaphula inyathelo ngalinye.

Yenza i Blog yokubhala nokubhala yegumbi logcino-lwazi

Banike amaqela ajikelezayo abafundi ukuba ajonge iindaba kunye ne-media yezentlalo kangangeveki enye. Kufuneka bakhethe into enye, bayiqinisekise, baze babhale iposi emfutshane eshwankathela izinto abazifumeneyo. Ngaphezu kwesemester, iklasi yakha icebo elixabisekileyo.

Imisebenzi yeNkcubeko

Qinisekisa ukuba ukuxelela abanye ngenkohliso kuyingozi nokuba uyenze ngempazamo. Yenza isiqinisekiso seklasi: "Ndiza kuhlola ubuncinane imithombo emibini ezimeleyo phambi kokuba ndichaze naziphi na iindaba ezibangela ukuchaphazeleka okunamandla kwemvakalelo" Yithumele eludongeni.

Ukuzilolonga Okusebenzisekayo Kubafundi

Nazi izinto ezintathu ezenziwa ngezandla ezinokulungelelaniswa kumgangatho owahlukileyo webanga.

Umsebenzi 1: Imvelaphi yokuthelekisa

Nika abafundi ibali elinye leendaba kwiendawo ezintathu ezahlukeneyo: umthombo omnye ophambili (umz. BBC), inxuwa elinye labalawuli (umz., uluvo lwe Breittt okanye IMSNBC), kunye nenxuwa elithathayo (umz., iOnion). Bacele ukuba bathelekise imixholo, ulwimi, imithombo ecatshulweyo, nesandi esipheleleyo. Xoxa ngezona zinto zinokuthenjwa kwaye ngoba.

Umsebenzi 2: guqula uphando lomfanekiso

Bonisa umfanekiso ongaqhelekanga othe wadlula kwi virus. Ngokomzekelo, umfanekiso weqela elikhulu ekuvukeleni okanye kwintlekele yendalo. Ukuba abafundi bafune ukukhangela umfanekiso obuyela emva ukuze bafumane umongo wokuqala. Bazakufumana lo mfanekiso usuka kwisiganeko esahlukileyo, balahle umongo wobuxoki.

Umsebenzi 3: Ukwakha Umsebenzi Wobuqu Wokwandisa

Cela abafundi ukuba benze uluhlu lokuhlola lwenyathelo elithile abalusebenzisayo naninina bebona umxholo weendaba abafuna ukwabelana ngawo. Kufuneka luquke: Khangela indawo, khangela ilayini, phengulula ikhawuntara kwinxuwa elikhangela inyani, yenza uphendlo olugqwethekileyo lwemifanekiso, kwaye khangela ugcino loqobo lwemvelaphi. Oku kuba yincwadi yabo yokufunda yobuqu.

Isiphelo: Ukwakha Ikamva Labemi Abanolwazi

Ukwahlula isibakala kwingxelo yentsomi kwingxelo yejenali bubuchule obufuna uqheliselo oluqhubekayo nokukulungela ukubuza yonke into. Ngokudibanisa ukufunda nokubhala kwisixhobo sonxibelelwano kwimfundo ngezantsi. Ngokufundisa ngokucacileyo, ngemisebenzi yezandla, kunye nokufuzisela ngokungaguqukiyo, .we xhobisa abafundi ngezixhobo abafanele bazisebenzise ukuze bahambe kwihlabathi eligcwele inkcazelo. Izibonda azinakuba ziphezulu: ibutho labantu elingenakuthetha inyaniso kubuxoki lisemngciphekweni wokuxhathisa, icandelo, icandelo, kunye nokwenza izigqibo ezingentle. Kodwa ngomgudu wabugqilal ’ uk ’ unyawo, singanyusa isizukulwana esineengcupheza ekukhanyeleni amajelo, amanyala, amagorha, kunye nokunga.

Zinike amandla wena kunye nabafundi bakho ukuba usebenzise iindlela kunye nobuncwane obuchazwe kweli nqaku. Qala namhlanje ngenye into, uxilongwe, umbuzo omnye obalulekileyo. Inyaniso ibalulekile.