Ukwazisa

Isizukulwana semivo siye salungisa indlela abantu abafikelela ngayo kulwazi, babumba izimvo, kwaye baba nenxaxheba kubomi bedemokhrasi. Ii-cudit zezobucukubhede, iiwebhsayithi zobucukubhede, kunye nemijelo yolwazi equlethwe ngumsebenzisi inika intabalala yemiyalezo ephembelela iingcamango ngezobupolitika, ibutho labantu, kunye nemibandela yoluntu. Kweli xesha, ukukwazi ukuphengulula ulwazi ngezixhobo zobugcisa, ukuvelisa ingxube-nge nje yobugcisa; sisiseko solwakhiwo lwezentethalela oluneyo. Unxulumano phakathi kolwazi lwezemfundo kunye nobumi obusebenzayo luye lwarhoxisana nokhutha. Ngaphandle kolwazi lwezi zixhobo zezixhobo zekhompyutha, abemi basengozini yokuxokelelwa nokurhwebela. Ngaphandle kokuba abahla bemi abahlazi, abahlazi-ndaba abananjongo yolwazi abanalwazi abananjongo. Ukuqonda indlela ezi buchule obuxhasa ngayo obunye obunye obunye ubugcisa bokwakha i-demodemo-ographicracrac.

Olu hlolisiso lwandisiwe luhlolisisa iinxalenye ezingundoqo zolwazi lwezibonelelo, umlinganiselo wobumi obusebenzayo, ukudibana kwemida, iingxaki ezisongela zombini, kunye namaqhinga anokusetyenziswa ukuze zomelezwe. Ngokuhlolisisa olu lwalamano ngokusondeleyo, sinokubanceda abantu balungelelanise ulwazi baze bancede ibutho labantu.

Ukuqonda Ukufunda Kwezakusasazwayo

Ukuchaza Ukufunda Kwezinto Eziphuma Kumazwe Asemaphakathi Ngenkulungwane Ye - 21

Ufundo lwe media lubhekiselele kubuchule bokufikelela, bokuhlalutya, bokwenza, nokuthatha inxaxheba nezixhobo ze-media kuzo zonke iintlobo zazo. Luhamba ngaphaya kokusetyenziswa okulula ukuquka ukucingela indlela ezakhiwe ngayo imiyalezo ye-media, iinjongo, kunye noko kunokwenzeka. Ichaza njengesiseko sokufikelela, ukuhlalutya, ukucutha, nokuthatha inxaxheba kwisixhobo solwazi olunentsingiselo. Obu buchule bubalulekile ukuze kwahlulwe ulwazi olululo kwinkcazelo elulo, ikhethelo, nokuqonda amandla ezoqoqosho kunye nezobupolitika abumba ukuveliswa kwemveliso yezixhobo zekhompyutha.

Kwinkulungwane yama-21, ukufunda nokubhala kubandakanya ukufundwa kwemivo nokufundwa kwenkcazelo. Kubandakanya ukuqonda imigaqo-mithetho, ukuxabisa okuqulethwe yinkxaso, ukuvavanya ukuthembeka kwemithombo yezentlalo, nokukwazi ukuphengulula iingxelo zezentlalo. Njengoko izinto zendalo zintsonkothile, ingcaciso yokufunda ijelo-lwazi iyaqhubeka ikhula iquka ukukwazi ukufunda ulwazi, ukulesa nokubhala nokubhala nokubhala kwiinethwekhi.

Ikhoriti Yokufunda Amajelo

Umntu onamajelo eendaba unemiqophiso emininzi enxulumeneyo esebenza kunye ukuze kuvunywe ubuchule bokuganana.

  • [[NTL:0] Access — Ubuchule bokufumana nokusebenzisa izibonelelo ze-media ngokunempumelelo, kuquka ukwazi ukuphengulula ulwazi, ukusebenzisa izixhobo zamanani, kunye nokuqhuba amaqonga ahlukeneyo. Ukufikelela kubandakanya ukuqonda imida yokufikelela, njengemirhumo, uhlalutyo, kunye nolwahlulo lwamanani.
  • Analysis — Ubuchule bokuhlola imiyalezo ye-media ngokugxeka ngokubuza ukuba ngubani owadala okuqulethweyo, ngayiphi injongo, kusetyenziswa bubuchule, kunye nokujolisa abaphulaphuli. Uhlalutyo luquka ukuchonga, ukusasaza, iinjongo zorhwebo.
  • Ubalo — ubuchule bokugweba ukuthembeka, ukuthembeka, nokuchana kwemithombo yolwazi. Oku kubandakanya iingxelo zokuvula izithuba, ukukhangela umbhali, nokuqonda umahluko phakathi kwemithombo yokuqala nesekomibindi.
  • Indalo iquka ulwandiso lwemilinganiselo efana nogunyaziso, unikezelo kunye nempembelelo yokwabelana ngolwazi.
  • Ipalitiki — ubuchule bokubandakanyeka kuthetho-ndaba nakumaziko eendaba ngeendlela ezakhayo nezinenkathalo entlalweni. Ukuthabatha inxaxheba kubandakanya ukugqabaza, ukwabelana, ukudala, nokudibanisa iincoko zikawonke-wonke kunye nobuntu kunye nolwazi.

Ezi zixhobo zokhuphiswano azimi ndawonye. Kufuneka zisetyenziswe zize zihlaziywe njengoko ubugcisa buzivelela. Ukufunda iMedia yinkqubo yokufunda ubomi bakho bonke efuna imfundo eqhubekayo nokucamngca.

Isizathu Sokuba Ukufunda Kwabadlali Abakhuphele Imiyalezo Kubaluleke Kakhulu Ngoku

Ukusingqongileyo kolwazi lwamanani kunika ucelomngeni olwahlukileyo olungazange lujamelane nezizukulwana ezidlulileyo. Amaxwebhu asasazeka ngokukhawuleza kunezinto eziyinyaniso, i-algorithm yenza amasuntswana ekhusi aqinisa iinkolelo ezikhoyo, kwaye abadlali abanolunya basebenzisa amajelo eendaba oluntu ukugunyazisa uluvo lukawonke-wonke. Ngokutsho kophando oluvela kwiZiko lophando [[FLT: 0]] Prew Uphando [, uninzi lwamaMerika lunikela ingxelo yokuziva lungathwaliswa bungako bubungakanani neenkcukacha ezikhoyo, kwaye luzama ukulwahlula phakathi kolwazi oluneengqiqo noluvo.

Indima Yokusebenza Njengommi

Ukuchaza Ukuba Ngummi Okhutheleyo Ngaphezu Kokunikwa Imali

Ukuba ngummi okhutheleyo kuquka ukuba nenxaxheba kwimicimbi yezentlalo, yommandla, okanye yesizwe esinembopheleleko kunye nembopheleleko yokuzibophelela kwizinto ezintle eziqhelekileyo. Nangona ukuvota kusisenzo esisisiseko sokuba ngummi, ukuba ngummi okhutheleyo kudlulela kude lee kwibhokisi yebhoti. Kuquka ukunikela ngokuzithandela, ukuya kwiintlanganiso zikawonke-wonke, ukuba nenxaxheba kwimibutho yasekuhlaleni, ukuhlala nolwazi ngemicimbi kawonke wonke, nokugcina amagosa anyuliweyo ebeke ityala. iCounil yaseYurophu [ igxininisa ukuba ukuba ubumi obukhutheleyo bubandakanya abantu ababandakanyeke kwisigqibo solawulo loburhulumente, ukuba nesabelo kuwo onke amaziko entlalo-ntle.

Ubumi obusebenzayo abuphelelanga kwizenzo ezisesikweni zezopolitiko. Buquka izenzo zemihla ngemihla ezinjengokunceda ummelwane, ukuba nenxaxheba ekucoceni kwasekuhlaleni, ukucebisa oselula, okanye ukwabelana ngokuchanileyo nabahlobo kunye nentsapho. Ezi zenzo zakha ikomkhulu lentlalo, zomeleza amaqhina entlalo, kwaye zidala imekobume apho idemokhrasi inokukhula.

Iintsika Zobudlelane Besiqhubi

Ukuba ngummi okhutheleyo kuxhomekeke kwiintsika eziliqela ezidityanisiweyo ezichaza indlela abantu abanxibelelana ngayo nabantu abahlala nabo namaziko abo.

  • Ukwaziwa kolwazi [[FLT:] — abemi abakhutheleyo bafuna inkcazelo echanileyo neyahlukeneyo ngemicimbi yentlalo, yezobupolitika, neyezoqoqosho. Bayaqonda ukuba ulwazi luyimfuneko ukuze ube nenxaxheba.
  • Ngokuzingcayo inxaxheba[ — Babandakanyeka kwimisebenzi echaphazela izigqibo ezichaphazela ubomi babo, ukusuka ekuvoteni nasekuyeni kwiholo zedolophu ukuya kudibanisa amaqela olawulo kunye nokusebenza kwiibhodi.
  • [ Imbopheleleko yelungu — Bayazi ukuba amalungelo ahambisana neembopheleleko, kuquka ukuthobela imithetho, ukuhlawula irhafu, ukukhonza kwicandelo lejaji, kunye negalelo kwintlalo-ntle yabanye.
  • Isiseko sokufundisa — Bathetha ngenxa yezizathu abakholelwa kuzo, besebenzisa intshukumisa, incoko, nesenzo esingaphazanyisi msindo ukukhuthaza utshintsho olulungileyo nobulungisa bentlalo.
  • Udibaniso olumanyeneyo — Bakha ulwalamano nabanye, baxhase amaziko asekuhlaleni, kwaye basebenze ngokuncedisana ukusombulula iingxaki kunye nokuphucula imimandla yabo.

Ezi ntsika zomeleza kunye. Ulwazi luxhasa ukuba nenxaxheba okunentsingiselo, kwaye unxulumano loluntu lomeleza ingqiqo yembopheleleko eqhubela phambili ukhuphiswano. Xa ezi ntsika zomelele, ulawulo-melo luyakwazi ukumelana.

Ukuba Ngummi Okhutheleyo Ngexesha Lokuqalisa Kwamanani

Iminyaka yamanani iguqule ubume bobumi obusebenzayo. Ii-intanethi zivumela iindlela ezintsha zokuthatha inxaxheba, ezifana nokutyikitya i-e-pectly, ukudibanisa iiholo zedolophu, ukusebenzisa i-media yezentlalo-ntle, kunye nokumilisela imivuyo kwimisebenzi yoluntu. Izixhobo zamanani zikwenza kube lula ukulungiselela, ukwabelana ngolwazi, kwaye zigcine amaziko enziwe ngekhompyutha ekwaziyo ukuphendula. Noko ke, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwamanani kukwaneengozi, kuquka ukuchasana nenkcazelo e-intanethi, ukukhathazwa ngokwe-intanethi kunye nobuxoki ngaphandle kwesenzo esinentsingiselo. Uqeqesho lwamaMediya lubaluleke kule meko kuba lunceda abemi balungele ukuqhuba izithuba zolwimi, baphephe, baphephe, baguqule ukubotshele kwiziphumo zokwenene zehlabathi.

Ukudibana Kokufunda Amajelo Orhwebo Nokusebenza Kwabemi

Indlela Amandla okufunda athe asebenza ngayo ekuyingeniseni izigqibo

Owona nxibelelwano luthe ngqo phakathi kokufunda nokubhala nokusebenza kobumi lukumgangatho wokwenza izigqibo. Ummi onokuhlola ngokucokisekileyo ulwazi uxhotyiswe ngokungcono ukwenza ukhetho malunga nabahlohli, imigaqo kunye neemfuno zoluntu. Ngaphandle kokufunda ulwazi lwezetedisi, abantu basengozini yokuphenjelelwa zizicelo ezingokweemvakalelo, amanani alahlekisayo, okanye ubuxoki obucacileyo. Uphando oluvela kwiNtlanganiso yemfundo yezemfundo yembali yezemfundo lubonise ukuba nabafundi basekholejini basoloko bezama ukuvavanya ukuvavanya ukuthembeka kolwazi olukwi-intanethi. Uqeqesho lobudadisoluko luphucula ubuchule obungakumbi, nto leyo ekhokelela kwizigqibo eziqikelelwa kubungqina obuqikeleleyo nezinokusekelwe kubungqina.

Ukwenza izigqibo okusekelwe kulwazi akuyonto yokwenza nonyulo. Kukwasebenza nakwizinto zemihla ngemihla ezifana nokuba kuxhaswe inyathelo lokuqala lasekuhlaleni, indlela yokusabela kwiphulo lonyango lukawonke-wonke, okanye imithombo enokuthenjwa xa kuxoxwa nabanye. Ukufunda iiMedia kunika isiseko senkcubeko esivumela abemi ukuba bavavanye ubungqina, baqwalasele iimbono ezininzi, baze bafikelele kwizigqibo eziqikelelekileyo.

Ukucinga Okubalulekileyo Nentetho

Ukufunda eendaba kuhambisana nokugxeka, okubalulekileyo kwintetho yoluntu eluncedo. Ukucinga okubalulekileyo kubandakanya ukuphikisana neengcamango, ukuhlolisisa iingxoxo ezingqinelanayo, nokufuna ubungqina ngaphambi kokuba kwamkele oko kuthethwayo. Kwiingxubusho zikawonke wonke, ukucingisisa ngengcinga kunceda abemi balapho baphephe ukuphamba okusengqiqweni, baqonde xa besebenzisa kakubi, yaye basebenzisane neembono eziphikisanayo ngendlela eyakhayo.

Xa abemi besebenzisa iingcinga ezigxekayo kumajelo eendaba, baba buthathaka ekudibaneniseni kwaye bayakwazi ukufumana izinto abafana ngazo. Bayakwazi ukufumanisa ukuba ukunqakraza, ukuxoka, nokucaphuka okucetyelwe ukuphazamisa ingqumbo kunokuba bazise. Oku kubangela ukuba abantu baxambulisane ngokusekelwe kwizibakala nakwiingqiqo kunokuba babonise uloyiko nomsindo.

Imizekelo Esebenzisekayo Yokudibana Kwale Nqam

Ulwalamano phakathi kokufunda nokubhala nokusebenza kobumi lungabonwa kwizicwangciso zeli hlabathi lokwenene. Umzekelo, ngexesha lemijikelo yonyulo, abemi abanolwazi oluthe ngqo kwiziphumo zentelekelelo, ukuqinisekisa imithombo yezibhengezo zephulo, kunye nokwabelana ngolwazi oluchanileyo ngeenkqubo zophuhliso loluntu, abemi boburhulumente abanolwazi-lwazi-luvo, abachopheli-lwazi, abanobungqina obubonisa ukuba abantu abanolwazi ngentembelo. Kwizikhuseli zempilo zikawonke-wonke, njengesifo se-COVIID-19, ukufundisa ngezixhobo zokusasazakhono, kwanceda abantu bavavanya ukhokelo lwempilo, baqonde iintetho ezigqwetha intle, kwaye benze izigqibo ezithe ngqo malunga nezigodlo ezithe ngqo, kunye nezilumkiso.

Le mizekelo ibonisa ukuba ukufunda amajelo eendaba asiyongcamango nje elula. Sisixhobo esisebenzayo esiphucula zonke iinkalo zobomi boluntu, ukusuka ekwenzeni izigqibo zomntu ngamnye ukuya kukwenza amaqumrhu.

Ucelomngeni Olungapheliyo Kwindawo Ekude

Ingxaki Yokungawazi Okuphosakeleyo Nempembelelo Yayo

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kulwalamano lobuzwe lokufunda nokubhala kwizixhobo zekhompyutha kukuxhaphaka kobukho benkcazelo ephosakeleyo. Ulwazi lobuxoki nolahlekiso lusasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwi-media yezentlalo, ngokufuthi lufikelela abantu abangakumbi kunokuba kulungiswa. Oku kuthoba ukuthembana kwamaziko asemthethweni, ukushiya amaqela ahlukeneyo, kwaye kudimaza ukuthathi-nxaxheba. Xa abemi bengenakuvumelana ngezibakala ezisisiseko, incoko enika impumelelo yezentlalo-ntle iba yinto engenakwenzeka. Ingxaki yentlanganiso ayizenzeki; isoloko itshintshwa ngabomfamekileyo ngabadlali bezopolitiki, iintshaba, iintshaba, kunye nezilangazelelo zentengiso ezingenelwayo ngokudidelwa kukudidelwa nokungathembana.

Ukwahlula Amanani Njengesithintelo Sokuthabatha Inxaxheba

Ukufumana ubugcisa kunye ne-intanethi kusenobungani namaqela asekuhlaleni, imimandla kunye neeklasi zezoqoqosho. Abo bangenayo i-intanethi okanye izixhobo ezithembekileyo zokusebenza ngekhompyutha bakhutshwe kwiintlobo ezininzi zokuthatha inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zekhompyutha kwaye banamathuba amancinane okuvelisa ubuchule bokufunda nokubhala izinto zekhompyutha. Olu lwahlulo lwamanani lukhuthaza ukungalingani okukhoyo kwimibango yoluntu. Abantu abasele becekelwe phantsi bafumana uncedo olungakumbi xa ulwazi olubalulekileyo kunye namathuba okuthabatha inxaxheba kufumaneka kwi-intanethi.

Iimephu Kwinkqubo Yemfundo

Iinkqubo ezininzi zemfundo ehlabathini jikelele azikhange zicothe ukudibanisa ukufunda nokubhala kwimigangatho yemfundo yejelo-ndaba kwizifundo zazo. Kwezinye iindawo, ukubhalisa nokubhala kumajelo eendaba kujongwa njengento yokukhetha ekhethelwayo kunokuba kujongwe njengeyomqoka. Kwezinye, ayifundiswanga konke konke. Oku kushiya abafundi bengakulungelanga ukukhangela ulwazi abaza kulufumana xa bebadala. Ukunqongophala kwemfundo yolwazi oluqhelekileyo kumajelo eendaba kuthetha ukuba abemi abaninzi bafikelela kwiminyaka yokuvota bengenabopha ubuchule obufunekayo bokuvavanyaza kwezobupolitika, ukuchaza iingcamango, okanye ukuqonda indima yamajelo eendaba ekulungiseni imbono kawonke wonke.

Imithetho-siseko yemithetho kunye neZiko leNcoko

Ii-algorithm zezentlalo eendaba zenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuganana, ngokufuthi ngokubonisa abasebenzisi abaqulethe intsebenziswano eqinisekisa iinkolelo zabo ezikhoyo kwaye ibangela ukusabela okunamandla ngokweemvakalelo. Oku kwenza amagumbi eentloko apho abantu bachanabeka kwiingcaciso zabo kuphela kwaye bakhuseleke kwiimbono ezahlukeneyo. Amagumbi okucholachola anciphisa amathuba okucinga okunengxaki kwaye akwenza kube lula ukuthatha inkcazelo ephosakeleyo. Kwakhona adimaza incoko kwiilayini zengqiqo, aphazamisa ukuqondwa okufunekayo ukuze abe ngummi okhuthele.

Ubuchule Bokomeleza Ukufunda Nokubhala Nokusebenza Kwabemi

Ukukhuthaza Ukufunda Okubhaliweyo Ngapha nangapha Kwenkqubo

Amaziko emfundo kuwo onke amanqanaba kufuneka ajolise ulwazi lwemfundo lwamajelo eendaba kwizifundo zawo ezingundoqo kunokuba ayijonge njengesihloko sahlukileyo. Ukufundiswa kwezemfundo yezobugcisa kungafundiswa kwiiklasi zembali ngohlalutyo lwenkcazelo echaphazelekayo, kwiiklasi zenzululwazi ngokuhlola iingxelo zophando, kwiiklasi zobugcisa zobugcisa ngokufunda amanqaku eendaba, kwaye kwiiklasi zezezemfundo zoluntu ngokuhlola ezopolitiko lwezobupolitika. Iinkqubo zokufundisa abafundisi-mfundo zolwazi kufuneka ziquke iinkqesho zemfundo zezixhobo zokufunda ukuze abafundisi baxhotyiselwe ukukhokela abafundi ngokunelisayo.

Iingenelo ezisekelwe kuluntu kunye nokufundiswa kobomi bonke

Ukufunda eendaba akuyonto yabafundi kuphela. Abantu abadala nabo bafuna amathuba okuphuhlisa nokuhlaziya ubuchule babo. Amathala eencwadi oluntu, amaziko abantu, amaziko amadala, nemibutho esekelwe kukholo zingafumana iindawo zokuvelisa iingxelo ezifihlakeleyo, zisebenzisa izixhobo ezizizo, kunye nokukhangela imigaqo-siseko yemithetho-siseko. Iinqanawa ezisebenzisana nemibutho yeendaba yasekuhlaleni zinokubanceda abemi basekuhlaleni bafunde ngemilinganiselo yeentatheli nangendlela yokuhlola imithombo. Iinkqubo zoluntu zixabiseke ngokukhethekileyo ekufikeleleni abantu abangekho kwizicwangciso zemfundo eziqhelekileyo, kuquka nabantu abadala abangaziqhelanisi nezixhobo zemichiza zixhobo.

Uxanduva lomgaqo-nkqubo kunye nokuphendula

Oorhulumente neenkampani zobugcisa banendima zokuxhasa ukubhalwa kwezixhobo zekhompyutha kunye nobumi obusebenzayo. Abenzi benkqubo bangaxhasa amanyathelo okufunda nokwazi ukubhalisa, bafuna imfundo yezobugcisa kwizikolo, baze baxhase amajelo kawonke-wonke anika ulwazi olunokuthenjwa. Amaqonga obugcisa anokuphinda amisele amanani okuphinda alungeleleneyo okuncitshiselwe kokungachananga, okuqulethwe yi-AII-e, kwaye bakhuthaze imithombo enegunya. Iingxelo ezibonisa ulwazi oluthe ngqo kunye nophicotho-zincwadi oluzimeleyo zinokugcina amaqonga ekuba neziphumo ezichaphazelekayo kwimeko ebume yolwazi.

Ukwakha Iingcinga Ezigxekayo Ngamaxesha Onke

Ukukhangela izinto ngokwazo. Iiwebhsayithi zenyaniso ezifana ne-FactCcock.org, Snopels, kunye nePolitifact ziyakwazi ukulungiselela izinto zokuqinisekisa izinto ezifunwa yi-intanethi, ukukhangela umthombo wenkcazelo, ukukhangela ngapha nangapha kwemixholo yendaba, nokukhangela iziphumo ezithe ngqo. Ukukhuthaza le mikhwa kwimibutho yezentlalo nezemisebenzi kunceda ekuveliseni impucuko apho ukubhalisa nokubhala izibhengezo kufumaneka rhoqo.

Isiphelo

Ulwalamano phakathi kokwazi ukufunda nokubhala nokusebenza ngobumi asilulo nje oluyingenelo; lubalulekile kwimpilo yabantu abakwi-demokhrasi. Ukufunda iMedia kunikela ubuchule obubalulekileyo obuvumela abemi ukuba babandakanye inkcazelo ngobuchule obucacileyo, ngoxa ukuba ngummi okhutheleyo kunika obo buchule bunika ubuchule obunentsingiselo kubomi bentlalo-ntle yabantu. Xa bobabini bomelele, abantu baxhotyiswe bhetele ukuze benze izigqibo, bathathe inxaxheba ngokwanelisayo kwintetho yesidlangalala, kwaye babambe inxaxheba. Xa omnye ubuthathaka, idemokhrasi ihlaza.

Imingeni ebangelwa lubuxoki, ukwahlulwa kwamanani, imida yemfundo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemithetho-siseko yemithetho yemithetho yezobugcisa ibalulekile, kodwa ayingondlela ingenako ukuthintelwa. Ngokufaka ungeniso kwimfundo yokufunda nokubhala kwizixhobo zobugcisa kuzo zonke iminyaka, ngokuxhasa imfundo esekelwe kuluntu, sikhuthaza iinkqubo zeqonga ezifanelekileyo, nokukhuthaza ukuqiqa okuqhubekayo imihla ngemihla, sinokomeleza ukufunda nokubhala izinto zobugcisa kunye nobumi obusebenzayo. Injongo ayikokusiko ukulondolozwa okugqibeleleyo kwenkcazelo, kodwa kulapho abemi banezixhobo kunye nentshukumisa yokuyisebenzisa ngobulumko. Ngokwenjenjalo, sisakha iindawo ezikwazi ukumelana neengxaki ezintsonkothile zexesha lethu.