Table of Contents

Amalungelo okuzala amelela isisekelo samalungelo abantu, ahlanganisa ikhono eliyisisekelo labantu lokwenza izinqumo ezizimele ngemizimba yabo siqu, impilo, namakusasa okuzala. Enhlonhlweni yalamalungelo kutholakala izinkonzo zempilo ezibanzi, kuhlanganise nokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo okunika abantu amandla okuvimbela ukukhulelwa okungahlotshaniswe ngemva kobuhlobo bobulili obungavikelekile noma ukuhluleka ukuvimbela inzalo. Ukutholakala nokuphumelela kokuvimbela ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo kuthinta ngokuqondile ukuzala, imiphumela yempilo, kanye nekhono labantu lokulawula isikhathi nesimo sobuzali.

Ukuqonda Ukuvimbela Izinkinga Eziphuthumayo: Ithuluzi Lempilo Elibalulekile

Ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo kuyindlela yokuvimbela inzalo evimbela ukubeletha engasetshenziswa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kobuhlobo obungavikelekile noma ukwehluleka ukuvimbela inzalo futhi namanje kuvimbela ukukhulelwa. Ngokuvamile kubhekiselwa ekutheni iphilisi "lokungena ngemva kwemini," ukuvimbela uvimbela izingozi kunikeza ithuba elithatha isikhathi eside kubantu ukuba bavimbele ukukhulelwa ezimweni lapho izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo ezivamile zingasetshenziswa, zihlulekile, noma lapho kuhlaselwa ngokobulili.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo aphuthumayo awabangeli ukukhipha isisu, njengoba evimbela ukukhulelwa ngokuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda amaqanda aphumayo noma enqanda ukukhishwa kwamaqanda futhi ngeke asebenze uma ukukhulelwa kusungulwa. Lomehluko ubalulekile ekusingatheni imibono eyiphutha nasekunciphiseni ihlazo elihlobene nokusetshenziswa kokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo. Inqubo yokuthatha isinyathelo igxile ekuvimbeleni ukubeletha komntwana ukuba kwenzeke endaweni yokuqala, kunokuba iqede ukukhulelwa okukhona.

Indlela Ukuvimbela Imithi Ngokuphuthumayo Okusebenza Ngayo

Amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo aphuthumayo asebenza ngokuyinhloko ngenqubo eyodwa: ukuvimbela noma ukubambezela ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda. Uma ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda kwephuza, isidoda esingase sibe khona eqenjini lokuzala asikwazi ukuvundisa iqanda ngoba alikho iqanda elikhishwe. Lendlela yokuvimbela inqubo yenza ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo kuhluke kakhulu emithini yokukhipha isisu, esebenza ngemva kokukhulelwa.

Ukuphumelela kokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo kuxhomeke kakhulu esikhathini. Kushesha kangakanani ukuvimbela inzalo kunethonya elikhulu ekuphumeleleni kwayo, ngokuhlola okubonisa ukuthi zombili izinhlobo zisebenza kahle kakhulu uma zithathwa phakathi namahora angu-24 obuhlobo bobulili obungavikelekile. Lokhu kuzwela kugcizelela ukubaluleka kokuqinisekisa ukuthi zitholakala ngokushesha, ngaphandle kwesithiyo kulezi zindlela.

Izinhlobo Zokusetshenziswa Kwemithi Ephuthumayo Ziyatholakala

Ukuqonda lezi zinqubo kwenza abantu bakwazi ukwenza izinqumo ezisekelwe ezimweni ezithile, esisimweni esiqondile, esinesisindo, isikhathi, kanye nokuthola izinkonzo zempilo.

Izipili Ezisekelwe Emuva (Izinhlalo Ezinhlobo Nezingalo)

Uhlelo B lwaluwuhlobo lokuqala oludluliselwa ngomlomo lokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo olwenziwe ukuba lutholakale e-United States njengesilinganiso sangaphambili samaphilisi aqukethe iprogestin levonorgerel, futhi ezinye izindlela ezijwayelekile manje sezikhona, okwenza amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo asekelwe esimweni esiphuthumayo abe yisimo esisetshenziswa kakhulu. La maphilisi adayiswa ngaphansi kwegama lensimbi elithi Plan B One-Step kanye namagama ajwayelekile futhi akhona ngaphandle komnikezi we-odollar, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imvume yokugunyaza.

Ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo kuphumelela kakhulu uma kusetshenziswa phakathi namahora angu-72 (izinsuku ezintathu) okungavikelekile. Ukuhlola kubonisa ukuthi kungaba ngcono cishe ngama-49% uma kuthathwa emahoreni angu-24 okuqala nangawo-58% asebenza phakathi namahora angu-72. Nokho, ukuphumelela kungancishiswa kubantu abanesisindo esiphezulu noma i-BMI, okuyisizathu esibalulekile lapho bekhetha indlela yokuvimbela ukuvimbela okuphuthumayo.

Ukutholakala kwe-levonorgestre ephuthumayo okungatholakali kakhulu kokuvimbela ukuphazamiseka okuphuthumayo kumelela intuthuko ephawulekayo ekutholeni ukunakekelwa kwempilo yokuzala. Lokhu kutholakala kuvumela abantu ukuba bathole ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo ngokushesha ngaphandle kokulibala okuhlobene nokuhlela ukuhlangana kwezokwelapha noma ukuthola imithi, okubalulekile uma inikezwa isimo esibucayi salemithi.

I - Ulipristal Acetate (ella)

I-Ulipristatate (ella) iphakathi kwezindlela zokuvimbela inzalo eziphuthumayo ezikhona, kanye nemishini ye-intrauterine kanye namaphilisi asekelwe kwi-progestin. I-Ulipristal acetatete inikeza izinzuzo eziningi ngamathuba asekelwe kwi-levonorgestrel. Indlela yokukhetha i-acetate engathathwa ngamahora angu-200,000 (izinsuku ezinhlanu) ngemva kobulili. Lelifasitela elinwetshisiwe linikeza ukuvumelana okwengeziwe kobulula kubantu abangase bangakwazi ukungena ekuvimbeleni okuphuthuma ngokushesha.

Ukucwaninga kubonisa ukuthi i-lipristal iphumelela kakhulu kune-octrobororgerel edluliswayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo asesimweni esiphuthumayo ane-ulipristate asebenza kakhulu phakathi kwamahora angu 72-1020 ngemva kobuhlobo obungavikelekile kunamanye amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo. Lokhu kwenza ukuba i-lipristal abaluleke kakhulu kubantu abangemuva kwefasitela elifanele le-levonorgeller noma abanezisindo eziphezulu zomzimba, njengoba amandla awo engathintwangali kakhulu yi-BMI.

Nakuba i - ulipristale acetate idinga imvume enikezwayo ezindaweni eziningi, eminye imibuso iye yasebenzisa izimiso ezivumela abathaki bemithi ukuba bayikhiphe ngokuqondile, ithuthukisa indlela yokuyithola ngaphandle kokufuna ukuvakashelwa umnakekeli wezokwelapha ohlukile.

Isisetshenziswa Sethusi Se - IUD

I-IUD yethusi iyindlela ephumelela kakhulu ekuvimbeleni okuphuthumayo, ngokubukeza ukuhlolwa kwamashumi amane amane kubonisa ukuthi izinga lokukhulelwa ngemva kokufakwa kwe-IUD yethusi ekuvimbeleni okuphuthumayo lingaphansi kuka-0.1%, okubonisa ukuthi ivimbela cishe bonke ukukhulelwa okulindelekile. Lokhu kwenza ithusi IUD libe indinganiso yegolide yokuvimbela okuphuthumayo.

I-IUD yethusi kumelwe ifakwe umkhandi wezempilo phakathi nezinsuku ezinhlanu zingekho. Nakuba lemfuneko idala isithiyo sokungena uma kuqhathaniswa namaphilisi angatholakala ezweni, i-IUD yethusi inikeza enye inzuzo ebalulekile: i-IUD yethusi inenzuzo eyengeziwe yokunikeza okungenani iminyaka engu-12 yokuvimbela ukuvimbela okuqhubekayo okusebenzayo uma ishiywe ngemva kokuvimbela izingozi eziphuthumayo.

Le misebenzi emibili yenza i-IUD yethusi ibe yisinqumo esihle kakhulu kubantu abafuna kokubili ukuvimbela ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa okuphuthumayo kanye nokuvimbela ukukhulelwa isikhathi eside. Ithuluzi lisebenza ngokuvimbela ukubeletha ngezinguquko zamakhemikhali ezithinta isidoda namaqanda, futhi liqala ukusebenza ngokushesha lapho kufakwa.

Levonsorgestrel IUD

Ucwaningo lwamuva luye lwandisa izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo eziphuthumayo zokuhlanganisa ama - IUD ama - hormone. I - Levonorgerel IUD aqala ukusetshenziswa njengendlela yokuvimbela inzalo ephuthumayo, futhi ucwaningo luthole ukuthi ama - IUD angu - 52 angasebenza njenge - LNG-mgT yethusi uma efakwa phakathi nezinsuku ezinhlanu ngemva kokungavikeleki ngokobulili noma ukuhluleka ukuvimbela inzalo. Lokhu kunikeza enye indlela abantu abangase bakhethe ama - hormone IUD noma i - IUD ethusi elincishisiwe.

Njenge - IUD yethusi, i - levonorgestral IUD idinga ukuba umnakekeli wezempilo ayifake kodwa ingasebenza njengesimiso sokuvimbela inzalo esiqhubekayo iminyaka efinyelela kweyisikhombisa, inikeza kokubili ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa ngokushesha nezinzuzo zokuhlela umkhaya isikhathi eside.

Isimo Samanje Sendlela Yokuthola Ingozi Ephuthumayo E - United States

Ukukwazi ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo e - United States kuye kwavela ngokuphawulekayo kule minyaka engamashumi amabili edlule, futhi sekunentuthuko nezinselele eziqhubekayo ezithinta indlela yokunakekela ukuzala.

Ukusetshenziswa Kaningi Nokuqapha

Ukusetshenziswa kwamaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo kuye kwanda eminyakeni engu-20 edlule, enabesifazane abangamaphesenti angu-33 abaneminyaka engu-15 kuya ku-49 abaye bahlanganyela ubulili nomuntu wesilisa owake wabika ukuthi basebenzise amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo okungenani kanye ekuphileni kwabo phakathi kuka-2022 no-2023, ukwanda okusukela ku-22% ngo-2017. Lokhu kwanda okukhulu kubonisa ukuqapha okukhulayo, ukutholakala okuthuthukisiwe, nokuncishiswa kwehla ihlazo okuhlobene nokusetshenziswa kokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthuma.

Ukushintshela ekutholeni indawo ebanzi etholakalayo kuye kwathinta kakhulu indlela abantu abathola ngayo ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo. Amaphesenti angu-66 abesifazane abasebenzisa amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo ngo-2008 abathola esibhedlela noma emtholampilo, kodwa ngo-2015, amaphesenti angu-40 kuphela awathola ngale ndlela, ngokunokwenzeka ebonisa imiphumela yokushintsha kokungangeni komsebenzi. Lokhu kwenza ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo kwakwazi ukutholakala futhi kuyimfihlo, okwenza abantu bakwazi ukukuthola ngokushesha kumapharmackishi ngaphandle kokumisa izigwebo.

Ukushintsha kwenqubo yesilinganiso sikahulumeni

Izifunda zika-32 ne-Frigic of Columbia zinezimiso ezivikela noma ezivimbela ukungena kokuvimbela izingozi. Lezi zinqubo zakha indlela yokungena eqenjini ezweni lonke, enezici ezihlukene zokutholakala, izindleko, nokulula kokuthola ukuvimbela kosizo oluphuthumayo kuye ngendawo.

Ezinye izifundazwe ziye zasungula izimiso eziqhubekayo ukuze zikwazi ukwandisa amathuba okuthola izifundazwe ezingu-22 ne-DC zidinga iminyango yesibhedlela nezinye izikhungo zempilo ukuze zinikeze ukwaziswa okumayelana nokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo kwabasinda ekuhlaseleni ngokobulili, kuyilapho izifundazwe ezingu-17 ne-DC zidinga iminyango yesimo esiphuthumayo nezinye izikhungo zokunakekela impilo ukuze zikhiphe ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo kwabasinda ekuhlaselweni ngokobulili. Le zimiso ziqaphela ukubaluleka okukhulu kokuvimbela ukungenela okuphuthumayo kwabasinde ekuhlasebeni ngokobulili.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izifundazwe ezingu-15 zivumela osokhemisi ukuba bakhiphe ukuvimbela okuphuthumayo ngaphandle komthetho ogunyaziwe. Lo dokotela ogunyaza usiza ekuvaleni igebe phakathi kwe-vonorgestrel nemikhiqizo ye-actal kuphela, ithuthukisa indlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola ukuvimbela inzalo ngaphandle kokuhambela umnakekeli wempilo ozimele.

Nokho, imingcele isekhona kwezinye izifundazwe. izifunda 14 zinqaba izigaba ezivumela abaqashi bezokwelapha, izikhungo noma izishuwalense ukuba benqabe ukukhipha noma ukuvala izikhawu eziphuthumayo. Lezi zinombolo zikanembeza zingadala izithiyo ezinkulu kubantu abafuna ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinezindlela ezilinganiselwe zokunakekela impilo.

Izikhokhelo Zomshuwalense Nezindleko

I-Afford Table Care Act ye-Afford Table Care Act igunyaze ukuvimbela inzalo inemiphumela eyinkimbinkimbi ekuvimbeleni ukuvimbela ukuvimbela ukubeletha. I-Affordal Care Act idinga amacebo amaningi empilo omuntu siqu okungakhokheli imali (hhala, ukukhokhela, noma ukukhokha okungakhokhelwa,) ukutusa izinkonzo zokuvimbela ukuzalwa, kuhlanganise nezindlela zokulawula inzalo nezidakamizwa ezivunyelweyo, kuhlanganise nokuvimbela ukuvimbela ukubeletha kwabantwana.

Nokho, lokhu kuhlanganisa nento ephawulekayo: kusebenza kuphela ekuvimbeleni kokuvimbela okuphuthumayo okugunyaziwe. Nakuba lokhu kuqeda izindleko kubantu abangathola imvume yokuthola i-ulipristate noma i-levonorgestrel, kubangela umthwalo ongokwezimali kulabo abathenga itshe elithatha inombolo ye-athomu elihlohlayo. Izindleko zamaphilisi okuvimbela ukuvimbela izingozi zingasuka kuR750 kuya ku-R6, okungase kwenqandwe abanye abantu, ikakhulukazi intsha nalabo abangenamali.

Imibono Yembulunga Yonke Ngokutholakala Kwendlela Yokuthola Izinkinga Eziphuthumayo

Ukutholakala kokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo kuyahlukahluka kakhulu emazweni nezindawo ezihlukahlukene, okubonisa izimiso ezihlukene ezingokomthetho, izimo zempucuko, nezimiso zokunakekela impilo.

Izici Ezitholakala Emhlabeni Wonke

Amaphilisi eLevonsorgesterrel abusa emakethe, atholakala emazweni angu-91%, kuyilapho amaphilisi e-ipleristate agcwele emazweni angenisa imali eningi, atholakala emazweni angu-48% kuphela. Lokhu kuveza ukungalingani okuphawulekayo kwembulunga yonke ekutholeni amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo aphumelela kakhulu.

Ukugcwala kwe-ulipristatete emazweni acebile kusho ukuthi abantu basemazweni aphansi naphakathi abafikayo ngokuvamile bayakwazi ukufinyelela kuphela ezindleleni ezingasebenzi kakhulu noma kumelwe bathembele ezindleleni zakudala. Lokhu kwakha isimiso esinezimbili lapho ukuvimbela inzalo okusheshayo kunqunywa ukuma kwezwe kanye nesimo sezomnotho kunokuba kuncike emfuno yezokwelapha.

Ukuqondiswa Kwezimo Nezimfuneko Zokuthunywa

Amazwe ahluka kakhulu ezindleleni zawo zokulawula ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo. Amanye amazwe avumela ukuba imikhiqizo ye-levonorgesterl ne-ulipristal itholakale kakhulu, kuyilapho amanye elondoloza izimfuneko zikadokotela noma ebeka imingcele yobudala. Lemingcele elawulayo ingabambezela kakhulu ekuvimbeleni ukuvimbela ukuvimbela izingozi, inciphise ukuphumelela kwawo okunikezwa isikhathi esinemiphumela yalemithi.

Kwamanye amazwe, ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo kuhlala kungekho ngokuphelele noma kuvinjelwe ngokuphelele, kushiye abantu bengenakho ukukhetha okungokomthetho kokuvimbela ukukhulelwa ngemva kokuhlangana okungavikelekile.

Izithiyo Zokuthola Ukusetshenziswa Kwemithi Ngokuphuthumayo

Naphezu kwentuthuko ekutholakaleni kokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo, imingcele eminingi iyaqhubeka inciphisa amathuba okuthola abantu abaningi, ikakhulukazi abantu abahlala emiphakathini esengozini noma ehlukumezekile.

Izinselele Zezwe Nasemaphandleni

Abesifazane abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu - 19 abasenkathini yokuzala abahlala e - United States badinga ukuvimbela inzalo okuxhaswe obala futhi bahlala ezingwadule zokuvimbela inzalo, okusho ukuthi abakwazi ukufinyelela ngokunengqondo esifundeni sabo sempilo esinikeza izindlela eziningi zokuvimbela inzalo. Lezi zingwadule zokuvimbela inzalo zithinta imiphakathi yasemaphandleni futhi zidala izithiyo ezinkulu ekutholeni zonke izinhlobo zokuvimbela inzalo, kuhlanganise nokuvimbela ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo.

Cishe izigidi ezingu-1,2 zalabesifazane zihlala esifundeni esingenazikhungo zempilo ezinikeza uhide lwezindlela. Kulezi zindawo, abantu ngabanye bathola izindlela zokuvimbela izingozi, ngokukhetha i-IUD edinga ukufakwa ngokunikeza usizo oludinga uhambo olude lokuhamba, ukuthatha isikhathi emsebenzini, nokuhlela ukunakekelwa kwabantwana noma ukuthutha. Lemingcele yezempilo ingenza ukuba kungabi nandlela yokuvimbela ukuvimbela okuphuthumayo phakathi nefasitela elibucayi ukuze iphumelele.

Ngisho noma amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo ephuthumayo etholakala ezindaweni ezidayisa amakhambi, izindawo zasemaphandleni zingaba nezindlela ezilinganiselwe zokukhetha ikhemisi, amabanga anwetshiwe, noma amakhemisi asebenza amahora ambalwa. Lezi zici zingabangela ukubambezeleka okunciphisa ukusebenza kokuvimbela ukuvimbela okuphuthumayo noma zivimbele ngokuphelele ukungena.

Izithiyo Zezomnotho Nezithiyo Zomshuwalense

Intengo ilokhu iyisithiyo esikhulu ekuvimbeleni ukutholakala okuphuthumayo kwabantu abaningi. Nakuba imikhiqizo engaphezulu kwe-vonorgestle ithengwa kakhulu ngokukhetha okuvamile okukhona, imelela umthwalo wezimali kubantu abanemali elinganiselwe. Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuvimbela ukuvimbela i-acetate ibiza kakhulu, futhi ukuyithola ngokukhokhelwa umshuwalense kudinga i-odoctal, okungase kuhlanganise izindleko ezengeziwe zokuhambela impilo.

Ukungangeni kwemishuwalense kwenza kube nzima nakakhulu. Ukungavunyelwe kwenkolo ekukhokheleni imvume yokuvimbela inzalo kusho ukuthi abantu abaqashwe yizinhlangano ezithile bangase bangakukhokhi ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abangakhokhelwanga noma abangakhokhelwanga ngezindleko eziphuthumayo babhekene nezindleko ezigcwele zokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo.

Imithetho Ebekelwa Umthetho No Claus Owenqabayo

Imingcele engokomthetho yokuvimbela inzalo ephuthumayo ithatha izindlela ezihlukahlukene ngamazwe ahlukene. Ezinye izifundazwe zigcina imingcele yobudala ekutholeni imvume engaphezulu, idinga intsha ukuba ithole imvume noma imvume yabazali. Lezi zimfuneko zingadala ukulibala okukhulu kanye nokukhathalela isikhathi sokuba wedwa, ikakhulukazi entsheni engase ingakwazi noma ingazimisele ukuhilela abazali ezinqumweni zayo zokunakekela ukuzala.

Amagalelo kanembeza nokwenqaba amalungiselelo empilo kuvumela abanakekela impilo, osokhemisi, nezikhungo ukuba benqabe ukunikeza noma ukukhipha ukuvimbela ukuvimbela okuphuthumayo okusekelwe ezinkolelweni zomuntu siqu noma ezingokwenkolo. Nakuba la malungiselelo ehloselwe ukuvikela amalungelo onembeza osizo, angadala imingcele eqinile ezigulini ezinezinketho ezilinganiselwe zempilo. Umuntu ohlangana nodokotela owenqabayo angase angabi nanye ikhemisi eseduze, angakwazi ukufinyelela ekunqabeni ukuvimbela okuphuthumayo.

Ukuvikelwa Kwempucuko Nezenhlalo

Ihlazo emphakathini elihlobene nobulili, ukuvimbela inzalo nokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo liyaqhubeka libangela isithiyo sokuthola izinto eziphuthumayo. Abantu bangase bazizwe benamahloni noma bezizwa benamahloni lapho bethenga izinto ezivimbela inzalo eziphuthumayo, ikakhulukazi emiphakathini emincane lapho kungenabantu abafuna ukuvimbela inzalo ephuthumayo.

Ukungaqondi okunganembile ngokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo nakho kufaka imingcele ekungeneni. Izinganekwane eziphikelelayo zokuvimbela inzalo eziphuthumayo zibangela ukukhishwa kwesisu, ukulimaza inzalo esikhathini esizayo, noma zibangela ukwesaba nokungabaza. Lemibono engalungile ivame ukuqhubekiselwa phambili abamelene namalungelo okuzala futhi ingathonya kokubili ukwenza izinqumo nokwenza intuthuko yezimiso.

Izigebengu Zolwazi Nezehlakalo Zemfundo

Ukungaqapheli mayelana nokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo kungomunye umngcele obalulekile. Abantu abaningi abazi ukuthi kukhona ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo, indlela okusebenza ngayo, ukuthi bangakutholaphi, noma isikhathi sokuthola amafasitela okusebenza ngaso. Imfundo yobulili ehlanganisa ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo ayitholakali emhlabeni wonke, ishiya abantu abaningi bengenalwazi olubalulekile ngezindlela zabo zokuzala.

Abanakekela impilo bangase futhi bantule ulwazi olwanele ngokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo, kuhlanganise nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezikhona, ukuphumelela kwazo okulinganiselwe, neziqondiso zamuva ezizosetshenziswa. Lokhu kungaphumela ekulahlekelweni amathuba okufundisa iziguli ngokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo noma ukukunikeza uma kudingeka.

Ukugoma Okuphuthumayo Kwenani Elikhethekile Labantu

Intsha Nentsha

Ngo-2015, ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwabesifazane abanokuhlangenwe nakho kobulili abaneminyaka engu-20-29 nalabo abangakaze bazale, abano 35-36% ababika ukuthi bake basebenzisa amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo aphuthumayo. Intsha imelela inani elikhulu labasebenzisa ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo, kodwa ngokuvamile ibhekana nezithiyo eziyingqayizivele zokuthola.

Intsha ingase intule ulwazi ngokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo, ibhekene nenkindlane yezimali, ikhathazeke ngezimiso zempilo eziyimfihlo, futhi ikhathazeke ngokuhileleka kwabazali. Imingcele yobudala yokungena, lapho ikhona, ithonya ngokungenakulinganiswa labantu. Icabanga ukuthi intsha iyakwazi ukuthola ukwaziswa okuqondile kanye nokuthola imingcele ephuthumayo ukuze ivikele impilo yayo yokuzala nenkululeko yokuzibusa.

Abasinda Ekuhlaselweni Ngokobulili

Ukukwazi ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo kubaluleke kakhulu kwabasinda ekuhlaselweni ngokobulili. Ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa kuyisici esibalulekile sokunakekela kwangemva kwe-assault, futhi ukutholakala ngesikhathi esifanele kokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo kungasiza abasindile ukuba baphinde balawule imizimba yabo kanye nekusasa lokuzala ngemva kokuhlangenwe nakho okubuhlungu.

Izifunda eziningi ziye zasiqaphela lesisidingo ngokufuna izibhedlela ukuba zinikeze ukwaziswa mayelana nokuvimbela ukuhlasela okuphuthumayo futhi zikwazi ukukuthola kubantu abasinda ekuhlaseleni ngokobulili. Nokho, izikhala zokusetshenziswa nokwenqaba izinhlelo kungadala imingcele. Ezinye izibhedlela ezingokwenkolo zenqaba ukunikeza ukuvimbela ukuvimbela okuphuthumayo ngisho nakwabo abasinde ekuhlaseleni ngokobulili, zibaphoqelela ukuba bafune ukunakekelwa kwenye indawo phakathi nesikhathi esibuhlungu kakade.

Abantu Abanesisindo Somzimba Esiphakeme

Ukucwaninga kuye kwabonisa ukuthi ukuphumelela kokuvimbela i-levonorgester ephuthumayo kungancishiswa kubantu abanobunzima obuphezulu bomzimba noma i-BMI. Lokhu kubangela ukulingana, ngoba labo bantu bangase bangatholi izinga elifanayo lokuvimbela ukukhulelwa njengalelo elinobunzima obuphansi kakhulu lapho besebenzisa indlela efinyeleleka kakhulu yokukhetha ukubala.

I-ulipristate ayithinteki kakhulu ngesisindo somzimba futhi iyaqhubeka iphumelela kubantu abagudla ububanzi be-BMI. I-IUD yethusi iphumelela ngokufanayo kungakhathaliseki isisindo somzimba. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abantu abanezisindo eziphezulu bayakwazi ukufinyelela lezi zinketho ezingcono kakhulu ezibalulekile ukuze kutholakale indlela yokuvimbela izingozi eziphuthumayo.

Indima Yabaphakathi Bempilo Ekutholeni Ukusetshenziswa Kwesimiso Esiphuthumayo

Abanakekela impilo bafeza indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi umuntu uyakwazi ukuvimbela inzalo ngokuphuthumayo ngemfundo, ilungiselelo, nangokuba umqemane.

Imfundo Yesineke Neseluleko

Abapha abantu kufanele bafundise iziguli ngokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo njengengxenye yeseluleko sempilo esibanzi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuchaza ukuthi ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo kuyini, indlela esebenza ngayo, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezikhona, amafasitela esikhathi sokusebenza, nokuthi angakutholaphi. Ukunikeza lolulwazi ngaphambi kokuba ludingeke kuqinisekisise ukuthi iziguli ziyazazi izindlela zazo zokuvimbela ukubeletha futhi zingathatha isinyathelo ngokushesha uma kuyimfuneko.

Ilungiselelo eliphambili lokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo .ukunikeza iziguli amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo aphuthumayo ukuba agcinwe ngaphambi kokuba ziwadinge, liye lahlolwa njengesu lokuthuthukisa ukutholakala. Nakuba ukucwaninga kubonisa ukuthi ilungiselelo langaphambi lindisa ukusetshenziswa kokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo, ubufakazi obuphathelene nethonya lako emazingeni okukhulelwa buye baxutshaniswa. Noma kunjalo, ilungiselelo langaphambi liqeda imingcele yokuthola indawo futhi liqinisekisa ukuthi abantu ngabanye bayakwazi ukuvimbela ukuvimbela okuphuthuma lapho isikhathi sibucayi sikhona.

Ukunikeza Izinkonzo Zokuvimbela Imithi Eziphuthumayo

Ababezokunakekela impilo kufanele bakulungele ukunikeza noma ukugunyaza ukuvimbela okuphuthumayo lapho iziguli zikudinga. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukulondoloza ulwazi ngezindlela zokuvimbela inzalo zamuva, iziqondiso, nezindlela ezingcono kakhulu. Abanikazi abanikeza i-IUD umphako kufanele baqeqeshwe futhi bahlonyiselwe ukunikeza ithusi noma i-levovonorgrel IUD ukuze kuvinjelwe izingozi, ngoba lezi zinhlangothi zisebenza kakhulu.

Ukunciphisa imingcele ezimisweni zosizo lwezempilo kubalulekile futhi. Ukuhlelwa kosuku olufanayo ekuvimbeleni ukuvimbela komshado, ukuthatha uhambo, amahora engeziwe, nezinqubo ezinamfukayo kungathuthukisa ukutholakala. Abanikazi futhi kufanele baqaphele futhi bakhulume ngemingcele engathi izindleko, ukusiza iziguli ukuba zikhokhe umshuwalense noma zixhumane nezinhlelo ezinikeza ukuvimbela okuphuthumayo mahhala noma okungalawuleki.

Indima Ye - phymacist Ekutholeni Ukutholakala Okuningi

Izazi zemithi ziqashelwa kakhulu njengezingakhothoza ezibalulekile ekuvimbeleni inzalo ephuthumayo. Ngaphandle kokusakaza imikhiqizo engekho ekhona, osokhemisi emazweni amaningi bangagunyaza i-ulipristal acetated nge-oda emisiwe noma ngezivumelwano ezibambisanayo. Lomenzi wemithi ogunyaza igunya uthuthukisa kakhulu ukufinyelela ngokususa isidingo sokuhanjelwa komgcini wempilo ohlukene.

Odokotela kufanele babe nolwazi ngokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo, bakwazi ukululeka iziguli ngokukhetha nokusebenzisa okufanelekile, futhi bakulungele ukuphendula imibuzo nezinkathazo. Ukwakha indawo yokwamukela, engahluleli ekhemisi kungasiza ekunciphiseni ihlazo futhi kukhuthaze abantu ukuba bafune ukuvimbela okuphuthumayo uma kudingeka.

Ukuqasha Nokushintsha Kwesimiso Sezokuthola Imali Ethuthukisiwe

Ukulinganisa ukutholakala okulinganayo kokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo kudinga ukuba kube khona ukuphambana okuqhubekayo nokushintshwa kwezimiso emazingeni endawo, ezwe, nawomhlaba wonke.

Inweba Ukufinyelela Okungaphezu Kwezibalo

Abameleli bayaqhubeka befuna ukuba abantu basebenzise i-ulipristal acetate, engaqeda izimfuneko zomthetho futhi ithuthukise ukufinyelela kulendlela ephumelela kakhulu. Ukwenza i-lipristal acetate etholakalayo ngamanani e-okanye i-levonorgective ikwazi ukuhlanganisa ukutholakala kwayo nemikhiqizo ye-levonorgectriver ngesikhathi inikeza abantu ukukhetha okungcono kakhulu, ikakhulukazi lawo adlula amahora angu-7 ngenxa yobuhlobo obungalondekile noma izisindo eziphezulu zenyama.

Ukuqeda Izinselele Zezindleko

Izinguquko zenqubo zokususa izindleko zihlanganisa ukukhokha umshuwalense owengeziwe ohlanganisa ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo, ukwakha izinhlelo zokunikeza labo abangakwazi ukuvimbela inzalo mahhala, nokunciphisa inani lemikhiqizo yokuvimbela inzalo ephuthumayo. Abanye abasekeli baye bacela ukuba ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo kunikezwe mahhala njengesilinganiso sempilo yomphakathi, esifana nezinye izinkonzo zezempilo ezivimbela ukungeniswa nokuvimbela ingozi.

Ukuvikela Amalungelo Okuthola Impahla

Imizamo yokuvimbela iziguli igxile ekuvikeleni nasekukhuliseni amalungelo angokomthetho ekuvimbeleni okuphuthumayo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukumelana nezigaba zokwenqaba ezivumela abagcini bendlu ukuba banqabe ukuvimbela ukuvimbela ukuphazamiseka okuphuthumayo, ukususa imingcele yobudala yokungena, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izibhedlela − kuhlanganise nezinhlangano ezingokwenkolo − zenza abasinda ekuhlaseleni ngokobulili bavimbeleni ngokuphuthumayo.

Kuhulumeni, abasekeli basebenza ukuvikela ukugunyazwa kokuvimbela inzalo futhi baphikise imizamo yokuvimbela ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo ekuhlanganiseni izindleko ezidingekayo. Umbuso wesigaba sokuvimbela inzalo ugxila ekumiseni imithetho evikela ngokuqondile ukutholakala kokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo futhi yandise ukutholakala kwezindawo ngomenzi wemithi egunyaza, izinhlelo zokungena emakolishi, nezinye izindlela.

Ukukhuluma Nezingwadule Ezivimbela Ukungezwa

Ukusingatha imingcele yokuthola indawo kudinga ukutshala imali ezisekelweni zezempilo, ikakhulukazi emaphandleni nasezindaweni ezinganakekelwa kahle. Lokhu kuhlanganisa imitholampilo esekelayo enikeza izinkonzo zempilo ezibanzi zokuzala, izindlela ezandayo zokuvimbela inzalo ephuthumayo, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi amakhemikhali kuzo zonke izindawo akhiqizwa ngokuphuthumayo.

Izinkonzo zezempilo ezihambayo, izisebenzi zezempilo zomphakathi, nezindlela ezintsha zokuthutha zingasiza ekufinyeleleni abantu ezingwadule zokuvimbela inzalo.

Imfundo Nemikhankaso Yokuxwayisa Umphakathi

Imfundo yomphakathi ekhuthazayo ngokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo ibalulekile ukuze kuqikelelwe ukuthi abantu bayazi indlela abangayenza futhi bangenza izinqumo ezisekelwe olwazini ngempilo yabo yokuzala.

Imfundo Yobulili Efaka Icala

Kuhlanganisa ukwaziswa okuqondile, okufanelekile okuphathelene nokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo ezifundweni zesikole kuqinisekisa ukuthi intsha ifunda ngalokhu kukhetha ngaphambi kokuba ikudinge. Imfundo yobulili ekhokhelwayo kufanele ihlanganise ukuthi kuyini ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo, ukuthi kusebenza kanjani, nini futhi kanjani, ukuthi ingakusebenzisa kuphi, futhi kanjani, ukuthi ingakutholaphi, futhi kanjani.

Ngeshwa, izinhlelo eziningi zokufundisa ngobulili azihlanganisi ukwaziswa okuphathelene nokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo, noma zinikeza ukwaziswa okunganembile okuthonywe ukumelana nokuvimbela inzalo.

Imikhankaso Yezempilo Yomphakathi

Imikhankaso yezempilo yomphakathi ingaphaphamisa ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo phakathi kwezilaleli ezibanzi. Lemikhankaso kufanele igcizelele ukuthi ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo kuphephile, kuyasebenza, futhi akuyilethi ukukhipha isisu.

Imikhankaso ehloselwe abantu abathile − njengabafundi basekholiji, abasinda ekuhlaseleni ngokobulili, noma abantu ezingwadule zokuvimbela inzalo — bangakhuluma ngezidingo nezithiyo eziyingqayizivele. Imithombo efanelekile yezolimi neyokuxhumana iqinisekisa ukuthi ukwaziswa kufinyelela imiphakathi ehlukahlukene.

Ukulwa Nokwaziswa Okunganembile

Ukukhuluma kabi ngokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo kuyisici esibaluleke kakhulu emizamweni yemfundo. Ukuxhumana okucacile, okusekelwe ebufakazini ngendlela ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo okusebenza ngayo, indlela ephephile, nomehluko wayo ekukhipheni isisu kubalulekile ukuze kuxoshwe izinganekwane futhi kuncishiswe ihlazo.

Abanakekela impilo, othisha, nabasekeli bazo bonke benza indima ekulweni nokwaziswa okunganembile nangokulungisa izinkulumo ezingamanga lapho behlangana nabo. imithombo yezindaba nezindawo ze - Internet kuveza kokubili izinselele namathuba kulo mzamo, njengoba bengasakaza ukwaziswa okunganembile ngokushesha kodwa futhi besebenza njengeziteshi zokufinyelela abantu abaningi ngokwaziswa okunembile.

Ukuhlangana Kwendlela Yokuthola Izakhi Zokudla Nokuzala Kobulungisa

Ngokuyisisekelo, ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo kuyindaba yobulungisa bokuzala, ukuhlanganisa izifiso ezibanzi zokuzibusa komzimba, ukuphathana ngezindlela ezifanele nezobulungisa bezenhlalo.

Ukuzenzakalela Okungakhi Nokwenza Isinqumo

Ikhono lokuvimbela inzalo ephuthumayo libalulekile ukuze umuntu athole inkululeko yokuzimela ekuzaleni, nelungelo lokwenza izinqumo ngomzimba wakhe siqu nokuphila kokuzala ngaphandle kokuphoqelelwa, ukucwaswa, noma imingcele. Uma abantu bengenakho ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo, ikhono labo lokulawula ukuthi ukhulelwe uyalahlekelwa yini futhi nini, linciphisa amalungelo abo ayisisekelo.

Ukuzibusa okungokwemvelo akuhlanganisi ilungelo lokuvimbela ukukhulelwa kuphela kodwa nelungelo lokuba nabantwana kanye nomzali ezimweni eziphephile nezisekelayo. Imvume yokuvimbela inzalo ephuthumayo isekela ikhono lokuhlela ukukhulelwa kanye nesomkhathi ngokwezimo, imigomo, nezifiso.

Izindlela Zokunquma Impilo Nezenhlalo

Izithiyo zokuvimbela inzalo eziphuthumayo zithinta ngokungenakulinganiswa imiphakathi encishisiwe, kuhlanganise nabantu abanemibala ephansi, abangenayo abantu, abantu basemaphandleni, iLGBTQ+, izifiki, nentsha. Lezizimo ezingafani zibonisa izindlela ezibanzi zempilo ezisekelwe ebuhlalweni obusesilinganisweni somphakathi, ukungalingani kwezomnotho, nokungalingani kwezenhlalo.

Ukulungisa ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo kudinga ukunaka ukunqanda impilo, ukuphila, umsebenzi, iminyaka elawula impilo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukusingatha ubumpofu, ukuthuthukisa imfundo, ukwandisa izisekelo zempilo, nokususa izimiso nemikhuba yokucwasa.

Ukungezwani Nezithiyo Eziningi

Abantu abaningi babhekene nemingcele eminingi, ehlanganisa imingcele yokuvimbela inzalo esekelwe ekutholeni okungahleliwe okuhambisana ne-oda eqenjini. Ngokwesibonelo, umuntu osemusha, othola imibala ephansi ohlala emaphandleni angase abhekane nezithiyo ezihlobene nobudala, isimo sezomnotho, uhlanga, kanye nokuma kwezwe. Ukuqonda lemingcele ehlangeneyo kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni amasu aphumelelayo okufinyelela.

Izinqubo zokwahlulela ngokulandelana zigcizelela ukubaluleka kokubhekana nalokhu kucindezelwa okuhlangene nokugxilisa okuhlangenwe nakho nomholi walabo abathinteka kakhulu ngokungabi nabulungisa kwempilo yokuzala. Ukulawula nokuzama ukushaya umthetho kufanele kuqondiswe ngamazwi nezinto eziza kuqala emiphakathini ephansi.

Iziqondiso Zesikhathi Esizayo Nezindaba Ezilandelayo

Izivubukulo Zobuchwepheshe

Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe inganikeza amathuba amasha okuthuthukisa indlela yokuvimbela inzalo ephuthumayo. Amapulatifomu e-Telehealth angahlanganisa abantu abakwazi ukugunyaza ukuvimbela inzalo ephuthumayo ukuba ibe kude, ngemithi ethunyelwa ngeposi noma ngemoto etholakala emaphaketheni endawo. Lendlela ingaba usizo kakhulu kubantu basemaphandleni noma labo ababhekene nezithiyo zokuhambela impilo efuna ukunakekelwa.

Ama - computer ezimoto nemithombo ye - Internet kunganikeza ukwaziswa mayelana nokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo, kusize abantu ukuba bathole imithombo eseduze futhi kutholakale kalula ukungena nge - Internet lapho kubhalwa noma kuhlelwa. La mathuluzi obuchwepheshe kumelwe aklanywe ngokuyimfihlo, ngokungeyodwa nangokuvumelana nezimiso ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi asiza bonke abantu ngokuphumelelayo.

Ukucwaninga Nentuthuko

Ukucwaninga okuqhubekayo kuyaqhubeka kuthuthukisa ukuqonda kokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo okuphumelelayo, ukuphepha, nokusetshenziswa kahle. Ukuhlola amakhambi amasha, izindlela ezihlangene, kanye nezindlela zokuthuthukisa ukuphumelela kwabantu abanezinsimbi eziphezulu kungase kuholele ekukhetheni okuthuthukisiwe esikhathini esizayo.

Ukucwaninga ngemingcele yokuthola nokungenela okuphumelelayo ukuze kunqotshwe nakho kubalulekile ekutholeni isimiso nasekuziphatheni. Ukuqonda ukuthi yini esebenzayo ekuthuthukiseni ukutholakala kokuvimbela inzalo emongweni ohlukile nakubantu abahlukahlukene kungaqondisa ukuhlelwa kwezindawo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo.

Ukubukeka Kwezombangazwe Nokusemthethweni

Isimo sezombangazwe nesomthetho esihlobene namalungelo okuzala siyaqhubeka siguquka, okunemiphumela ephawulekayo ekuvimbeleni ukuvimbela ukuvimbela okuphuthumayo. Ngemva kwesinqumo seNkantolo Ephakeme kuDobs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization, eyasusa ilungelo lomthetho-sisekelo kahulumeni lokukhipha isisu, ukukhathazeka kuye kwakhula mayelana nezinsongo ezingase zikwazi ukuvimbela ukuvimbela inzalo, kuhlanganise nokuvimbela ukuvimbela ukubeletha okuphuthumayo.

Abanye abamelene namalungelo okuzala baye bahlongoza ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo ngokuqondile, beqamba amanga bethi kubangela ukukhishwa kwezisu futhi befuna ukuvimbela ukungena kwesimiso somthetho, imithetho, noma izinselele ezingokomthetho. Ukuvikela ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo kudinga ukuqapha nokuqapha ukuze kuvinjelwe lemizamo futhi kuvikelwe ngokungemthetho nangenqubo.

Imisebenzi Yokulwela Amalungelo Abantu Emhlabeni Wonke

Ukukwazi ukuvimbela inzalo ngokuphuthumayo kuqashelwa njengengxenye yamalungelo okuzala ngaphansi komthetho wezizwe zonke wamalungelo abantu. Izivumelwano ezihlukahlukene zezizwe ngezizwe ziqinisekisa ilungelo lokuthola izinkonzo zezempilo ezingokobulili nokuzala, kuhlanganise nokuvimbela inzalo.

I - Programme of Action ka-1994 Conference International on Population and Development eCairo ne - Beijing Platform for Action kusukela ngo - 1995 yomibili iqaphela ukubaluleka kwempilo yokuzala namalungelo. I - United Nations Sustainable Development Migomo ihlanganisa izisulu ezihlobene nokutholakala kwemisebenzi yezempilo yobulili neyokuzala emhlabeni wonke.

Lezi zinqubo zomhlaba wonke zinikeza izisekelo ezibalulekile zokuvimbela inzalo nokulandisa, ziveza ukuthi ukukwazi ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo akuyona nje indaba yesimiso sasekhaya kodwa ilungelo eliyisisekelo lomuntu ohulumeni abanalo lokuhlonipha, ukuvikela, nokulifeza.

Indima Yezinhlangano Zomphakathi Nezimpande Eziphakeme

Izinhlangano ezimi kahle nezimpande ezinezimpande zotshani zifeza indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo ngokulungiselela inkonzo eqondile, imfundo, ukuphamba nokubuthwa komphakathi.

Izinhlangano eziningi zinikeza ukuvimbela ukuvimbela kokusebenza ngesihle noma okungalawuleki kakhulu, ziphethe izinkonzo eziphuthumayo nezinkonzo zokwaziswa, amashabhu okufundisa umphakathi, kanye nommeli wezinguquko ezingokwenqubo. Lezi zinhlangano ngokuvamile zisebenza njengemithombo ethembekile yokwaziswa nokusekela, ikakhulukazi emiphakathini encishisiwe engase ibhekane nezithiyo zokuthola izimiso zempilo eziphambili.

Imizamo yokuvimbela inzalo eye yaba usizo ekuvuleni ukutholakala kokuvimbela iphuthuma, kusukela emikhankasweni yokwenza ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo kutholakale ngaphezu kwe-sosha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukungena kwekhodisidi futhi kuvikelwe ekunqabeni ukufakwa kwemishwana. Ukuhlelwa komphakathi kwakha amandla futhi kubangele ukushintsha kwezwe, kugxilisa amazwi nokuhlangenwe nakho kwalabo abathinteke kakhulu ngenxa yokungena.

Izinyathelo Eziwusizo Zokuthuthukisa Ukutholakala Kwakho

Nakuba kubalulekile ukushintsha kwesimiso sezinto, abantu ngabanye bangathatha izinyathelo zokuthuthukisa indlela yabo yokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo nokusekela abanye emiphakathini yabo.

Ukuhlela Kusengaphambili

Abantu abahlanganyela ebulilini futhi abafisa ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa bangacabangela ukuthola ukuvimbela okuphuthumayo kusengaphambili ukuba kube khona uma kudingeka. Lokhu kususa imingcele yokungena futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo kutholakala ngokushesha lapho isikhathi sibucayi. Imikhiqizo edaliweyo ebizwa ngokuthi i-levonorgestel ingathengwa futhi igcinwe ukuze isetshenziswe esikhathini esizayo, futhi abanye abagcini bezempilo bayogunyaza ukuvimbela okuphuthumayo kusengaphambili.

Yazi Izindlela Okhetha Ngazo Namalungelo Akho

Ukuqonda izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo, ukuthi zingatholakalaphi, futhi zingaba nelungelo elingokomthetho lokungena kunganika abantu amandla okulawula isimiso sezempilo ngokuphumelelayo. Ukwazi ukuthi osokhemisi kwezinye izindawo bangagunyaza i-acetal, ukuthi iminyango ephuthumayo kumelwe inikeze abasinda ekuhlaseleni okuphuthumayo okuphuthumayo, nokuthi umshuwalense kufanele uhlanganise ukuvimbela ukuphuthuma okuvela kudokotela kungasiza abantu ukuba bafinyelele ukunakekela abakudingayo.

Sekela Abanye

Abantu bangasekela abangane, amalungu omkhaya namalungu omphakathi ngokuxoxa ngokunemba ngokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo, ngokusiza ngokuthutha noma ngezindleko nangokukhuthaza ukuba kutholakale izindleko ezithuthukile.

Isiphetho: Ukuvala i - metary Contraception njenge - Cornestone of Renationment Rights

Ukukwazi ukuvimbela inzalo ngokuphuthumayo kuyisici esiyinhloko samalungelo okuzala nokunakekela impilo. Ikhono lokuvimbela ukukhulelwa ngemva kokuhlangana okungavikelekile noma ukwehluleka ukuvimbela inzalo linikeza abantu amandla okulawula ukuphila kwabo kokuzala, ukusekela ukuzimela, impilo nenhlalakahle.

Kuye kwenziwa intuthuko ephawulekayo ekuvulweni kokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo phakathi namashumi ambalwa eminyaka adlule, kusukela ekugunyazweni kokuqala kwemikhiqizo ephuthumayo enikezelwe ephuthumayo kuya ekutholeni isilinganiso esingaphezu kwesokutholakala kwamazwe kanye nasekunikezeni igunya usokhemisi. Ukusetshenziswa kokuvimbela izingozi kuye kwanda kakhulu, kubonakalisa ukuqaphela okukhulayo nemingcele encishisiwe.

Nokho, izinselele ezinkulu zisasele. Ukuhluka kwezindawo, izindleko, imingcele engokomthetho, ukwenqaba izigaba, ihlazo, kanye negebe lolwazi kuyaqhubeka kulinganisela ukutholakala kwabantu abaningi, ikakhulukazi labo abasemiphakathini engaphansi kwemingcele. Izindawo ezinciphileyo zomhlaba wonke zisho ukuthi ukutholakala kwezindlela ezingcono zokuvimbela izingozi kugcwele emazweni acebile, kanti abantu abasemazweni aphansi naphakathi atholakalayo ngokuvamile abanakho ukutholakala noma abanakho.

Ukuhlanganisa ukutholakala okulinganayo kokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo kudinga ukuqhubekelwa kokulawula, ukuguqula izimiso, imfundo, nokutshala izakhiwo zezempilo zokuzala. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukwandisa amathuba okuthola zonke izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo eziphuthumayo, ukususa izindleko, ukuvikela amalungelo angokomthetho okungena, ukusingatha izingwadule zokuvimbela inzalo, ukulwa nokungaqondi kahle, nokufaka isahlulelo sokuzala kuyo yonke imizamo.

Abanakekela impilo, abahleli bezimiso, othisha, abasekeli, namalungu omphakathi bonke banendima abazoyifeza ekuthuthukiseni indlela yokuvimbela inzalo ephuthumayo. Ngokusebenza ndawonye ekuxazululeni imingcele futhi sivikele amalungelo okuzala, singaqinisekisa ukuthi bonke abantu banemininingwane, imithombo yezimali nokusekela okudingeka bakwenze ukuze benze izinqumo ezizimele ngokuphathelene nempilo yabo yokuzala nekusasa.

Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe mayelana nempilo yokuzala nokuvimbela inzalo, vakashela [[FLT: 0]]. Ukucwaninga okusekelwe enkambisweni yezokuvimbela inzalo ephuthumayo ikhasi . Ukufunda ngokungena kokuvimbela inzalo endaweni yakho, hlola i[ Bedsterr ekulawuleni inzalo [[[[FLT:]]]. Ukucwaninga ngobufakazi obusekelwe enkambisweni yempilo yokuzala, xhumana [[[FLT:]] i-Gutmacher Institute [. Ukuthola izinkonzo zempilo zokuzala eduze nawe, sebenzisa i-XFLT'Famiantion Servicer Service [FFOR:] [FLT7]]. Ukuhlola kwezizwe zonke izizwe ngengozi, ukuvakashela [Foctalmotemplection]

Ikusasa lamalungelo okuzala lixhomeke ekuzimiseleni kwethu ndawonye ukuqinisekisa ukuthi bonke abantu bangangena ezinkonzoni zempilo zokunakekela ukuzala, kuhlanganise nokuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo. Ngokuqaphela ukuthi ukuvimbela inzalo okuphuthumayo kuyilungelo eliyisisekelo lomuntu futhi sisebenzela ukuqeda imingcele, singasekela inkululeko yokuzala, ukulingana kwempilo, nobulungisa bezenhlalo kubo bonke.