Inselele Yokungabi Nabulungisa Esikhundleni Esithuthukile

I-Access to Edvance Placement (AP) isenye yezithiyo ezibaluleke kakhulu eziphazamisa ukuvuleka kwemfundo yasekolishi nokulingana kwezemfundo e-United States. Nakuba ukuthatha i-AP kuye kwakhula kancane-kancane phakathi neshumi leminyaka elidlule, ukusakaza amathuba kuhlala kungafani. Abafundi abathola imali ephakeme, izifunda zesikole ezikhokhelwe kahle basengozini enkulu yokuya ezikoleni ezinikeza amasu agcwele e-AP, kuyilapho abafundi ngaphansi kwasemaphandleni nasemadolobheni ngokuvamile bentula ngisho neminikelo eyodwa ye-AP. Lokhu kuhlukana akuyona nje indaba yokutholakala kwezifundo; kuthuthukisa ukulungiselela, ukusekela izimiso zabafundi, kanye nempucuko yezifundo ezikhokhwazwayo esikoleni.

I-College Board ibika ukuthi cishe amaphesenti angu-40 ezikole zase-U.S. azinikezi zifundo ze-AP, futhi lezo ezinikezayo zinganikeza izifundo ezimbalwa kuphela. Ngisho nalapho izifundo zikhona, ukubhalisa ngokuvamile kubonisa izikhala zobuhlanga nezezomnotho. Abafundi abamnyama nababhishobhi, kanye nabafundi abavela emikhayeni ehlwisiwe, abakhokhi abakholi kakhulu. Ukuvala leligebe elidinga ukungenela kwezimiso hlelo (*) futhi ubudlelwane bomphakathi buye bavela njengenye yezinkomba eziphumelela kakhulu zoshintsho.

Ukwehluka Okukhona

Izimbangela eziyisisekelo zokungena okulinganiselwe kuyi-AP egcwele. Iziphazamiso zemali ziyisithiyo esisobala: Izifundo ze-AP zidinga izinto zohlelo olukhethekile, imishini yezokucwaninga yezesayensi, futhi, ngokudabukisa kakhulu, othisha abaqeqeshelwe ukunikeza imfundo yezinga eliphezulu lasekolishi. Izifunda eziningi azikwazi ukukhokhela noma ukuqeqesha abafundisi abaqeqeshiwe ngokwaneleyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinombolo zabafundi abaqali abaphansi kwezinye izikole zenza zingasizi ukunikeza izifundo ngokwezimali.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwezindawo kunezela inkinga. Izikole zasemaphandleni zivame ukuzama ukukhanga othisha abaqeqeshiwe, futhi ezinye izindlela zokufunda azikafinyelelwa kahle. Ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, izinga elikhulu lemfundo elihambisana nemfundo ingabangela ukuba i-AP ithathe indawo ephezulu. Ngaphandle kokusekelwa kwangaphandle, lezi zikole zihlala zivalelwe emjikelezweni weminikelo elinganiselwe nokuzimisela okuphansi kwabafundi.

Ithonya Ekufundeni Nempumelelo Yasekolishi

Izifundo ze-AP zinikeza okungaphezu nje kokusezingeni eliphezulu; zitshela amakholiji ukuthi umfundi ukulungele ukufundela isikole. Ukucwaninga kuveza ngokungaguquki ukuthi abafundi abathatha izivivinyo ze-AP baphumelela kangcono ekolishi futhi banamazinga aphakeme okuthweswa iziqu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amamaki aphakeme okuhlolwa kwe-AP angaguqulela ekuboleni imali ekholejini, ukusindisa imikhaya izinkulungwane zama - dollar ekutholeni i-AP. Uma abafundi bentula ukufinyelela impumelelo yemfundo kodwa futhi belahlekelwa inzuzo yokuncintisana nezindlela zosizo lwezezimali.

Imiphumela yamaza idlulela nangaphandle kwabafundi ngabanye. Izikole ezinezinhlelo ze-AP eziqinile zikhanga abafundi abashukunyiswe kakhulu, ziphakamisa izindinganiso zemfundo, futhi ziqinisa idumela labo. Ngakho, ukuzuza umphakathi wonke ekutholeni i-AP akuzuzisi nje umfundi ngamunye kodwa konke ukuphila kwemfundo.

Indima Yemikhumbi Yomphakathi Yokwandisa I - AP

Asikho isifunda sesikole esingaxazulula inselele yokuthola i-AP kuphela. Ukubambisana komphakathi kuhlanganisa izinhlangano ezihlukahlukene − ngayinye enemithombo ekhethekile, ubuchwepheshe, nezimiso − ukuze kwakhiwe izixazululo eziqinile, eziqinile. Lokhu kubambisana kuvumela izikole ukuba zisebenzise impahla yangaphandle ngaphandle kokuthwala umthwalo ogcwele wezimali noma wokusebenza. Uma zifezwa kahle, ukubambisana kungandisa ngokuphawulekayo inani labafundi abangabhaliseli nje ezifundweni ze-AP kodwa futhi baphumelele ekuhlolweni konyaka.

Izinhlobo Zabangane

Imifelandawonye ye - AP ephumelelayo ngokuvamile ihilela izigaba eziningana zababheki:

  • [ Izikhungo zemfundo eziphezulu - Amakolishi aqeqeshiwe namakholiji omphakathi anganikeza abaqeqeshi, anikeze izindlela zokuthatha iziteshi ezimbili, futhi athole izinhlelo ze-AP yangaphambi kwe-P. Amakolishi amaningi avumela abafundi besikole esiphakeme ukuba bahlole izifundo noma bahlanganyele ezikoleni zasehlobo.
  • amabhizinisi nezinkampani zendawo – Amakhampani angaxhasa izindleko ze-AP, anikele ngemishini nezinto ezidingekayo, futhi anikeze amathuba okusebenza phakathi kwe-AP. Izisebenzi zokuzithandela ezisebenza ngokusekela i-AP. Izisebenzi zokuzithandela zivame ukusebenza njengabaluleki noma izikhulumi zezihambi.
  • Izinhlangano zenzuzo - Imfundo eqondiswe ezinzuzo ezifana ne-National Math ne Science Initive, i-Unifime Opportunity Schools, kanye nokubambisana kweKollege Board kuhlela ngokuqondile ukuhlukanisa nokusekela okungaqondisi bafundi abachaziwe e-AP.
  • Izinhlangano ze-Government nesisekelo - impatho ye-Federal, ihlolo-mali yezinga likahulumeni, nesisekelo esizimele singasebenzisa ukuqeqesha uthisha, ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lwezifundo, nesisekelo sobuchwepheshe.

Izinzuzo Ezingokwesikole Nabafundi

Izinzuzo zobudlelwane bomphakathi zidlulela ngalé kokusekelwa okungokwezimali. Nazi izinzuzo eziyinhloko:

  • [ Ukuhlanganisa izindleko zokuhlolwa nempahla [ - Izifunda eziningi azikwazi ukukhokhela izindleko ze-AP kumfundi ngamunye. Imishini yokusebenza nayo ingayifaka ngaphansi kwemali, isuse isithiyo esikhulu sezimali.
  • Uthisha okhokhelwayo - amayunivesithi endawo avame ukunikeza amashabhu, ama-inthanethi, noma izikhungo zasehlobo ezisiza othisha ukuba bazuze i-AP creding futhi bathuthukise izindlela zokufundisa.
  • Ukufundisa nokufundisa - abafundi basekholiji nezisebenzi zokuzithandela zomphakathi zinganikeza ukufundisa okukodwa okukodwa noma okuncane ezifundweni ze-AP, ikakhulukazi izibalo nesayensi, lapho amazinga okuyeka ukuthatha isilinganiso kuvame ukuba ngaphezulu khona.
  • [ Iminikelo ye-AP [ - Ngobudlelwane nama-paresi ezifundo ze-inthanethi noma izifunda ezingomakhelwane, izikole zingandisa uhlu lwazo ngaphandle kokuqasha izisebenzi ezengeziwe.
  • Iqolo nohlelo lwemisebenzi olulungele ukuhlelwa - Omashane bavame ukusiza ngamashabhu okufaka amakholishi, ukusesha umfundaze, nokuhlola umsebenzi ohlangene nezindawo ze-AP.

Izisekelo Zokwakha Nokusekela Ubuhlobo Eziphumelelayo

Ukuqalisa ubuhlobo bomphakathi kulula kakhulu; ukubusekela kudinga ukuklanywa nokuzibophezela okuqhubekayo. Izikole nezigodi eziye zaphumelela ngokuvamile zilandela imikhuba evamile.

Ukuhlela Imigomo Nokumisa Ukukhulumisana Okucacile

Wonke umngane kumelwe aqonde umsebenzi ohlanganyelwe: ukwandisa ukufinyelela okulinganayo ezifundweni ze-AP. Ngaphambi kokuba kuqalwe noma yimuphi umsebenzi, izikole kanye nomngane kufanele bavumelane ngezinhloso zabo ngesivumelwano esibhaliwe. Le dokhumende kufanele isho izindima, imithombo, imigqa yezikhathi, ne-milingane yempumelelo. njalo ukuhlolwa kwe-aP ngenyanga noma nge-25. qhaza lilondoloza amandla nezinkinga zangaphandle kusenesikhathi eside. Ukubheka kahle ngemigomo nemiphumela kwakha ukwethemba futhi kukhuthaze ukutshala izimali isikhathi eside.

Izindlela zokuxhumana kufanele zibe eziqondiswe ngokusemthethweni. Othisha nabafundi kudingeka balalele ukuthi yini ngempela esebenzayo ekilasini. Izikole zidinga ukuqonda imingcele nezinto eziza kuqala zomngane ngamunye. Umxhumanisi wobuhlobo noma wobudlelwane angasebenza njengephuzu eliyinhloko lokuxhumana, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukwaziswa kuhamba kahle.

Ukulinganisa Imiphumela Nokusebenzisa Imali

Kubalulekile ukwenza izinqumo zokwaziswa. Izikole akumelwe zilandele izinombolo zokubhalisela kuphela kodwa futhi namazinga okuthatha izivivinyo, ukusakaza amanani, nokuwohloka kwenani labantu. Ukuqhathanisa lezi zindlela ngaphambi nangemva kokubambisana kunikeza ubufakazi obucacile bemiphumela. Ukuhlola kwabafundi nothisha kungathola ukuzwana okungaqondakali ngezinkonzo zokusekela.

Uma ubuhlobo bungakhiqizi imiphumela efiselekayo, kungcono ukubulungisa kunokuyeka ngokuphelele umzamo. Ngokwesibonelo, uhlelo lokufundisa olungakhuli okuhlolwayo lungadinga uhlelo oluhlukile, uhlelo oluhlukile lwezifundo, noma ukuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe kwabafundisi. Intuthuko yalesi simo igcina ubuhlobo busabela ezidingweni zangempela.

Ukunqoba Izinselele Ezivamile

Ngisho nohlobo oluhlelwe kahle lobuhlobo lubhekene nezithiyo. Inselele evame ukuvela yiye ukuphumelela : ubudlelwane obuncike kuphela ekunikezeni imali bungaphela lapho imvume iphela. Ukunciphisa lokhu, izikole kufanele zifake imithombo yazo yezimali futhi zifune abangane abazimisele ukwenza izibopho zeminyaka eminingi. Enye inselele ukuhlanganisa izinhlangano eziningi. Ukusebenzisa iplatfomu yobuchwepheshe obufanayo.]

ukulingana phakathi kobudlelwane nakho futhi kuyindaba. Ngezinye izikhathi izihlobo ezinamandla (umzk., izinhlangano ezinkulu) zilawula ngokungaqondi ukwenza izinqumo, ukuvala amazwi othisha namalungu omphakathi. Ukugwema lokhu, izakhiwo zokubusa kufanele zihlanganise abameleli abavela kuwo wonke amaqembu afaka izimali, kuhlanganise nabazali nabafundi.

Izinyathelo Zokubambisana Eziyisibonelo

Kulo lonke izwe, izigodi nabangane bazo baye basungula izindlela ezintsha ezinikeza ama - devolution afanayo.

Izimiso zokusekela ezisekelwe eYunivesithi

Amayunivesithi amaningi manje aphethe izikole ze-AP zabafundi besikole esiphakeme bendawo. Ngokwesibonelo, iYunivesithi yaseTexas e-Austin’s AP Summer Institute inikeza ukubukeza okuqinile kwezihloko ezinjenge-Calculus, i-physics, nesiNgisi Language. Abafundi bafunda emakolishi noma cishe, bafundiswa yizifundo zaseyunivesithi nothisha abangothisha abafundisa kakhulu. Le sibonelo sisebenza kahle ikakhulukazi kubafundi abanezikole eziphakeme ze-AP ezingenayo iminikelo ezifundweni ezikhethekile.

Amakholiji omphakathi angowemvelo futhi. Anganikeza izifundo ezimbili ezisebenza njengezithasiselo ze-AP. Ngenxa yokuthi amakholiji omphakathi ngokuvamile abiza kakhulu futhi atholakala ngokwendawo kunamayunivesithi aneminyaka emine, angafinyelela inani elibanzi labafundi. Amanye amazwe anezivumelwano ezisemthethweni eziqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwezikweletu zokuhlola i-AP.

Izisebenzi Nezisebenzi Zomsebenzi

Izinhlangano ezifana ne-Apple, i-Google, neMicrosoft zinezikhali zokusiza ngemfundo eziqondiswe kakhulu ezisekela izinhlelo ze-AP ze-computer. Ikhosi le-AP Computer Science Principles[ inzuzo kakhulu, inzuzo yokusekela kwemboni, kuhlanganise nokuqeqesha uthisha neminikelo yemishini. Amabhizinisi endawo anganikela nangezindlela ezincane kodwa ezinenjongo: inkampani yomthetho ingaxhasa iqembu lengxoxo elungiselela i-AP U.S. Uhulumeni, noma umenzi wemboni angasekela i-atholobhu ye-physicles.

Izinhlelo zobupfingi ezihlangene ne-AP zomsebenzi wemfundo zinikeza umongo wezwe wangempela kanye nesisusa. Ngokwesibonelo, umfundi othatha i-AP Environmental Science, angahlanganisa nenhlangano yendawo yokulondoloza imvelo phakathi nehlobo, asebenzise ulwazi lwekilasi emikhankasweni yendawo ezungezile. Lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho kuqinisa izinhlelo zasekolishi futhi kujulise ulwazi lwezindaba.

Izinhlangano Ezingazuzisi Nezezimali

Imisebenzi yesizwe engazuzisi ivame ukusebenza njengezindawo zokuxhumanisa izikole, ukuxhumanisa izikole nokuxhasa ngemali nobuchwepheshe. Izifundo ze-Opportunity ezisebenza nezifunda zesifunda ukuhlukanisa abafundi abangase baphumelele e-AP kodwa abangabhaliwe. Isibonelo sabo sihlanganisa ukuqeqesha uthisha, ukusekela abafundi, nokuhlaziya ulwazi. Ngokufanayo, i- National Math neScience iqhuba i-"AP Phuthuloso ne program" eye yandisa ngokuphawulekayo ukuthatha isinyathelo nokuhlola ngaphansi kwezifunda ze-I-FUTCC.

Izisekelo zemfundo yendawo − njengalezo ezilawulwa amabhokisi omphakathi noma ama-Rotary anezintambo ezibaluleke kakhulu. Zivame ukuba nenkinga kunezinhlangano zikahulumeni futhi zinganikeza izimali ezisheshayo zezidingo ezincane, njengokuthenga izinombolo zesigaba se-AP sezibalo noma ukukhokhela izikhulumi ezivakashini.

Uhulumeni Nezakhiwo

Imfuyo yezimali kahulumeni neyamazwe angasetshenziswa ukuze kugxunyekwe-aP ukwanda. Ngokwesibonelo, i- Wonke umfundi Wempumelelo (ESSA) uvumela izimali zesihloko IV ukuba zisetshenziswe ezimisweni eziphambili zezifundo. Ezinye izifunda zine-AP eziqondile ezinika imivuzo ekwandiseni kwengxenye ephezulu nokusebenza phakathi kwenkokhelo ephansi nabafundi abambalwa.

Izisekelo zangasese, njenge Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation ne [[FLT] Michael & Susan Dell Foundation, isebenzise kakhulu ekucwaningeni nokuhlela. Lokhu kunikeza ngokuvamile kudinga ukuhlolwa okuqinile, okuthi kamuva kukhiqize ukwaziswa okungasetshenziswa ekucwengisiseni nasekutholeni ukusekelwa okwengeziwe.

Izinyathelo Eziwusizo Zokwakha Ubuhlobo Bomphakathi

Ezikoleni noma ezifundeni ezilungele ukwakha noma ukwandisa ubuhlobo bomphakathi ukuze kutholakale i - AP, amabalazwe alandelayo angaqondisa imizamo yokuqala.

  1. Ukuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa okudingayo. Yazi ukuthi iziphi izifundo ze-AP ezilahlekile noma ezingagcinwanga esifundeni sakho. Abafundi nomndeni bahlola ukuqonda izithiyo (imali, ukungaqapheli, ukungahleleli izingxabano).
  2. [[FLT: 0]] Map ongase ube abangane. Funa amayunivesithi endawo, amabhizinisi, izinzuzo, nezinhlangano zikahulumeni esezifundile kakade ukufinyelela izinhlelo. Bheka ihhovisi lomphakathi wesifunda senu ngobuhlobo obukhona.
  3. Qala ngomshayeli. Qalisa isinyathelo esincane, esiqondiswe kahle (ngokwesibonelo, ishabhu le-AP engaphambili lesihloko esisodwa noma uhlelo lokufundisa esikoleni esisodwa. Abashayeli bakuvumela ukuba uhlole ama-logics futhi wakhe umkhondo wempumelelo ngaphambi kokukalisha.
  4. [ yenza isivumelwano esingokomthetho. Draft a memorandum yokuqonda (MOU) echaza izibopho zomngane ngamunye, kuhlanganise nemali, izisebenzi, ne-wiline.
  5. Ukugcwalisa ngokwethembeka. Yabela umxhumanisi ozinikezele ukuba engamele imisebenzi yosuku nosuku. Lungiselela bonke abahilelekile, kuhlanganise nezisebenzi zokuzithandela nothisha.
  6. [[FLT: 0] i-valute futhi ihlanganyele imiphumela. qoqa imininingwane ngokubhalisa, ukuphumelela kwezibalo, nokwaneliseka kwabafundi. Yihlanganyeleni imiphumela nomngane kanye nomphakathi obanzi ukuze wakhe amandla.
  7. Iqophelo kanye nokwanda. Ukuqaphela umngane onikelayo obala. Sebenzisa ukuwina kuqala ukudonsa abangane abasha nokuxhasa okuqhubekayo.

Isiphetho: Umthwalo Wemfanelo Wokufunda Ekholiji Nabanye

Ukufinyelela izifundo eziqhubekisela phambili zezezikhungo akuwona umsebenzi izikole ezingawufeza ngokuzihlukanisa. Ukubambisana komphakathi kunikeza ingcebo, ubuchwepheshe, nokusekela kokuziphatha okudingekayo ukuze kunqotshwe ukungalingani okungokomlando. Uma izinhlangano zendawo `izinhlangano" , amabhizinisi, inzuzo, nezinhlangano zikahulumeni zihlanganisa umgomo wokuthola i-AP, ziveza ithuba elikhuphulela yonke imiphakathi.

Imivuzo inkulu. Abafundi okungenzeka abakaze bayicabangele ikolishi bathola ukuthi bangaphumelela kakhulu emsebenzini webanga eliphezulu lasekolishi. Othisha bazuza amathuba amasha okukhula kochwepheshe kanye nomuzwa obanzi wokuthunywa. Izinhlangano zibona imiphumela yemfundo engcono, amazinga aphakeme ekholiji, nemisebenzi engcono kakhulu. Ngokutshala imali ebudlelwaneni bomphakathi ukuze bathole i-AP, sitshala inzuzo enamandla kakhulu yokuzihambela ngokwezenhlalakahle: imfundo.

Ukufunda okwengeziwe ngethonya lokuthatha isinyathelo nezindlela zokuhlanganisa, vakashela ibhodi ye-College AP metary yezibalo zesizwe. Ukucwaninga ngokuvala igebe lokungena kwe-AP, ukuhlola okutholakele ku-[[[FLT:] Ed Respeed Adverment comfore quality . Ekugcineni, bheka ukuthi i- yesizwe iMath kanye nesayensi ye-AP iphumelele kanjani i-AP ngaphansi kwezindawo ezigciniwe.