Indima Yemithetho Yesigodi Yesikole Ekuhleleni Imfundo

Izimiso zezifunda zesikole ziwumgogodla wesimiso semfundo yendawo, ukunquma yonke into kusukela ekuquketheni kwekilasi kuya ekuqhubekeni komfundi. Lemithetho yenza uhlelo ingane yakho efunda ngalo nsuku zonke. Kodwa ithonya kanjani ngokunembile ukukhula kwemfundo yengane yakho nokuhlala kahle? Ukuqonda ukufinyelela kwayo kusiza abazali ukuba babe abameleli abaphumelela ngokwengeziwe. Nakuba imithetho yombuso nohulumeni inikeza iziqondiso ezibanzi, imithetho yesikole yendawo iguqula labo abafunda usuku nosuku. Ngo-2023 kuphela, izifunda zesikole ezingaphezulu kuka-13 000 eUnited States zasungula iziteshiwo ezivelele zemithetho ebanzi ehlanganisa izimfuneko zokuthweswa iziqu ukuze bafake izinqumo zokugqoka. Lesi sihloko siphula izindawo eziyinhloko lapho imithetho emikhulu ithinta kakhulu khona, sinikeza ukuqonda okucacile kuleyomithetho yezingane zabo.

Iyini Imithetho Yesigodi Yasesikoleni?

Izimiso zezifunda zesikole ziyizimiso zendawo kanye nezinqubo ezithathwa amabhodi esikole akhethiwe noma amisiwe. Asebenza phakathi kwemingcele ebekwe umthetho kazwelonke nomthetho kahulumeni, kodwa agcwalisa imininingwane eyenza isifunda sesikole sisebenze. Lemithetho ihlanganisa izigaba ezibanzi, kuhlanganise:

  • Izindinganiso zemfundo nezimfuneko zemfundo
  • Ukuhlaziya abafundi nezinyathelo zokulandisa
  • Ukulawula ukuziphatha nezimiso zokuyala
  • Izinkonzo ezikhethekile zemfundo nendawo yokuhlala
  • Izimfanelo zokufundisa nokuthuthuka komsebenzi
  • Imithetho yokuphepha yasesikoleni nezinqubo eziphuthumayo
  • Amalungelo abafundi nesivikelo sokuba wedwa

Nakuba iminyango yemfundo kahulumeni ivame ukubeka imigomo yokufunda elinganiselwe, izifunda zendawo zinendlela enkulu yokuzifinyelela. Lokhu kulawula kwendawo kusho ukuthi imithetho ingahluka kakhulu kusuka kwesinye isifunda kuya kwesinye, ngisho nasesifundani esifanayo. Ngokwesibonelo, isifunda esisendaweni yasemaphandleni singamukela izinqubo zezincwadi ezivumela izincwadi ezihlukahlukene kunesifunda esikhulu sasedolobheni, esisekelwe ezidingweni zomphakathi nasemalini.

Isimiso Esingokomthetho Esisekela Imithetho Yasendaweni

Ukuze uqonde indlela iziqondiso zesigodi ezilawula ngayo imfundo yengane yakho, kuyasiza ukwazi ukuthi ivelaphi. Imithetho yendawo kumelwe ivumelane nayo yomibili imithetho kahulumeni nohulumeni. Umthetho we-Federal njenge- Wonke umfundi uphume phambili (ESSA)[FLT]] uhlela izimfuneko zezimiso zezwe zokuqulisa nokuhlola. [i-Invidia] i-Invidia ne-Iact yemfundo ekhubazekile (IDEA)[FLT][FLT]] ifuna ukuba izifunda zinikeze imfundo efanelekile ekhululekileyo yomphakathi (FAP) kubafundi abakhubazekile, okuthi ngokukhubazeka okuthiwe ukukhubazeka kwezimiso zemfundo zendawo (IP), nokuvikela izinhlelo zemfundo yomphakathi.[FFFF] ngokufanayo, [FFFF]] Fitlements Exption of transmeditions, engcono kakhulu kwezimiso zobuhlanga zobuhlanga, ukuhluza ukuhlulwa kwezimiso zobuzwe, ukuvise, ukuviseku

Umthetho-mthetho kahulumeni nemithetho yemfundo icindezela ukuzikhethela kwezindawo ngokufuna imfundo esekelwe ezifundweni ezithile, ukumisa izindinganiso zothisha zokugunyaza imvume, nokumisa ubude obuncane bonyaka wesikole. Nokho, izifunda zingadlula le misebenzi enciphileyo (ngokwesibonelo, ngokufuna ukuboleka okwengeziwe ekuthweseni iziqu noma ngokusebenzisa izimiso zokuhlola eziqinile kakhulu. I-interlives phakathi kwezwe, uhulumeni, nemithetho yendawo idala indawo eyinkimbinkimbi yokuqondisa ethinta ngokuqondile okuhlangenwe nakho kwengane yakho kwekilasi.

Izifundo Neziqondiso Ezikhethwayo

Izindinganiso zikahulumeni ziphikisana. Inqubo yendawo

Izifunda eziningi ziye zamukela izindinganiso zemfundo ezichaza lokho abafundi okufanele bakwazi ezifundweni eziyinhloko ngasinye. Kodwa yindikimba yendawo yesikole enquma ukuthi yiziphi izincwadi ezisetshenziswayo, imithombo yezobuchwepheshe, kanye nothisha bezinto zokwenezela. Ezinye izifunda zinezifundo eziphambili zangaphambi kokubhalwa kwemibhalo, zisebenzisa iziyalezo zansuku zonke kanye neziqondiso zokushaya, kuyilapho ezinye zivumela othisha ukuba bazikhethele izinto ezifanelana nabafundi babo.

Imithetho futhi ithonya izihloko ezibekwa phambili. Ngokwesibonelo, isifunda esigcizelela kakhulu i-STEM singanika isikhathi esiningi sokufundisa izibalo nesayensi, ngezinye izikhathi sisebenzise izindleko zezifundo zobuciko noma zezenhlalo.

Izihloko Eziphikisanayo Nokwenziwa Kwecala

Izimiso zesigodi zikhuluma kakhulu ngemfundiso yezihloko eziphikisanayo, njengokushintsha kwezinhlanga, ubulili, nesimo sezulu. Amanye amabhodi adlulise izinqumo ezivimbela noma ezinqumayo ezithile. Lezi zinqumo zingathinta ukuthi yiziphi izincwadi ezikhona, izihloko ezingase zixoxwe ekilasini, nendlela othisha ababheka ngayo izenzakalo zamanje. Kwezinye izifunda, amakomiti omfundisi wobuzali ahlola izinto, kuyilapho amanye athatha izinqubo “ezingaphandle” ukuze athole izifundo ezithile. Ukuqonda izimiso zesifunda sesifunda sakho ezisemitatsheni yemfundo kungakusiza ukuba ulindele ukuthi yini ingane yakho ebhekene nayo futhi ungayihlanganyela kanjani kule nqubo yokubukeza.

Ukuhlolwa Nokulandisa

Ukuhlola Okuvamile Nezindlela Zomsebenzi

Izimiso zesigodi zinquma ukuthi kuphi futhi kunjani ukuhlola kwabafundi ngalé kokuhlola okugunyaziwe uhulumeni. Izifunda eziningi zidinga ukuhlolwa okuphawulwe kathathu kuya kwezine ngonyaka ukuze kulandelelwe ukuthuthuka kwabafundi ezindinganisweni zikahulumeni. Lokhu kuhlola kwendawo kungathonya izinqumo zokufundisa mayelana nemiphumela, futhi izikole zingahlela ukungenela kwabafundi abawayo. Imiphumela ivame ukusetshenziswa ekuhlolweni kothisha nasekwenziweni kwesikole, okungabangela ukungenela okunjengokuyala noma ukuqondisa okwengeziwe.

Izindlela zokulandisa zihlanganisa futhi amazinga okuthweswa iziqu, ukuphothula okungamahlalakhona, kanye nezimpawu zokuhlala ekholiji. Izifunda zihlela izinqubo zendawo zokuthi lezi zimiso zibalwa kanjani futhi zibikwe obala. Ngokwesibonelo, isifunda singathatha umthetho ofuna ukuba bonke abafundi basesikoleni esiphakeme baqede isicelo sasekholiji noma usizo lwezimali ngaphambi kokuphothula, ukuze kukhushulwe amazinga okufunda. Imithetho enjalo ithinta ngokuqondile izinketho zenkozo zangemva kwesekondari.

Imiphumela Yokungasebenzi Kancane

Ngaphansi kwe-ESSA, izibalo kumelwe ziphawule izikole ezingaqondi ukuthi zisebenza kahle futhi zifuna ukuba zithuthukise amasu okuthuthukisa. Izimiso zendawo zisho ukuthi lawomacebo asetshenziswa kanjani ("impela kungokwesikhathi eside sokufunda, izimpawu zemfundo, noma izinguquko zezisebenzi.] Ezinye izifunda ziye zathatha izindlela zobufakazi njengemiphakathi yemfundo yochwepheshe noma imfundo esekelwe kulwazi ngenxa yezingcindezi zokulandisa. Ukuqonda imithetho yokulandisa yesifunda sakho kungakusiza ukuba uhlole izinga lesikole nesekela imithombo lapho kudingeka.

Yala Isimilo Nesimo Sesikole

Ukusuka Ekubekezeleni Kweqanda Kuya Emikhubeni Yokuvuselela

Izimiso zemithetho ziye zashintsha kakhulu phakathi namashumi amabili eminyaka adlule. Izigodi eziningi ziye zasuka ezimisweni ezithi makuxoshwe noma kuxoshwe amacala athile, ziqaphela ukuthi izindlela ezinjalo zithinta ngokungenakulinganiswa abafundi abanombala nabafundi abakhubazekile. Kunalokho, ezinye manje zisebenzisa inqubo yokulungisa kabusha ubulungisa, ezigxile ekulungiseni umonakalo nokusingatha izimbangela eziyisisekelo zokuziphatha okuxekethile. Lezi zinguquko zibonakala emithethweni yokuziphatha, eveza iziphakamiso eziqondile nemiphumela engenzeka.

Isimiso sokuyala sesigodi sakho sithinta ngokuqondile ukuphepha komntwana wakho nomuzwa wokutholwa. Isimiso esigcizelela ukungenela kokuziphatha okuhle nokusekela (PBIS) singakhuthaza indawo esekela kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, indlela yokujezisa ingaholela emazingeni aphakeme akhudlwana futhi ilahlekelwe isikhathi sokufundisa. Abazali kufanele babukeze incwadi yabo yokufundisa ukuba baqonde imithetho nendlela ephoqelelwa ngayo, kuhlanganise namalungelo okunxusa izenzo zokuyala.

Izici Ezingafani Nemibiko

Isiqondiso sikahulumeni samuva nje sikhuthaza izigodi ukuba ziqoqe futhi zisakaze ukwaziswa okukhutshaniswa ngokohlanga, ubulili, nokukhubazeka. Izimiso eziningi zendawo manje zidinga ukubikwa kwala mininingwane minyaka yonke ebhodini yesikole. Lokhu kubonakala kuvumela imiphakathi ukuba ibone ama-intecrime futhi ifune ukubukezwa kwezimiso. Ngokwesibonelo, uma ukwaziswa kubonisa ukuthi abafundi abamnyama bancishiswe kakhulu kunontanga yabo, ibhodi ingathatha umthetho odinga izindlela ezihlukile zokuqondisa ukujezisa noma ukuqeqesha ngokunemba izisebenzi. Lezimiso zendawo zokuhlola ukwaziswa ziyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa indawo ezungezile elungile neyo yokufunda.

Imfundo Ekhethekile Nokusekela Kwabafundi

Indikimba ye-IDEA esikhungweni sendawo

Umthetho we-Federal uhlela indawo ukuze kwenziwe izinkonzo ezikhethekile zemfundo, kodwa imithetho yendawo inquma ukuthi lezo zinkonzo ziqhutshwa kanjani. Izigodi kumelwe zithathe izinqubo zokuhlukanisa abafundi abangase badinge ukuhlolwa, ukuphatha izinqumo eziningi, nokusungula imithetho ye-IEP. Imithetho yendawo ilawula izintambo zezikhathi (_kanjani, isithili kumelwe sisabele ngokushesha kucela komzali ukuhlolwa. Izifunda ezithile zinezinqubo ezilandelanayo, zinciphisa izikhathi zokulinda, kuyilapho ezinye zizama ukuthatha izinkonzo ezidingekayo, kuholela ekulibaziseni nokuxabana okungokomthetho.

Imithetho futhi ilawula ukuqhubekeka kokubekwa okukhona, emakilasini emfundo avamile asekelwa izinhlelo ezikhethekile. Izifunda zinganikeza izifekethiso eziphelele lapho othisha abakhethekile besizana nothisha abavamile, noma zingalondoloza amakilasi ahlukene abafundi abanezidingo eziphuthuma kakhulu. Lokhu kukhetha kwendawo kulololonga ngokuqondile okuhlangenwe nakho komntwana wakho kwansuku zonke uma befanelekela izinkonzo. Abazali banamalungelo ngaphansi kwe-IDEA ukuze babekela inselele izinqumo zesifunda ngenqubo efanele yokuzwa; ukuqonda iziqondiso zendawo ezilawula lenqubo kubalulekile.

Isiqephu 504 kanye nezindawo zokuhlala

Ngaphandle kwe-IDEA, isiqephu 504 soMthetho wokulungisa i-Rehabilitation Act sifuna ukuba abafundi abakhubazekile bathole indawo yokuhlala elinganiselwe abangakwazi ukumela i-IEP. Izimiso zendawo zichaza indlela amacebo angu-504 asungulwa ngayo futhi asetshenziswa ngayo, angahluka kakhulu. Ezinye izifunda zinezindlela eziningi zokucela indawo yokuhlala, kanti ezinye azinazo iziqondiso ezicacile, eziholela ekusekeleni okuguquguqukayo. Ukwazi umthetho wesifunda sakho kungakusiza ukuba uvikele ukulungisa okudingekile komntanakho, njengokuhlola isikhathi esibanzi, indawo yokuhlala ethandekayo, noma ubuchwepheshe obusizayo.

Ukuhileleka Kukamzali Nomphakathi

Amabhodi Esikole Nesimiso Sokutholwa Kwabantwana

Imihlangano yebhodi yesikole ilapho kuhlotshaniswa khona iziqondiso, iphikiswana, futhi ivoti. Le mihlangano isobala, futhi izifunda eziningi zivumela ukukhulumela umphakathi. Ukuba khona noma ukubukela imihlangano ebhaliwe kungakunikeza ukuqonda ngendlela izinqubo ezimiswa ngayo nokuthi yiziphi izinto eziza kuqala. Ezinye izifundakazi ziye zathatha imithetho edinga ngokukhethekile ukumelelwa kwabazali emakomitini aphathelene nezifundo, isiyalo, noma ukuphepha. Ukusebenzisa lamathuba kukuvumela ukuba uthonye izinqumo ezithinta ingane yakho.

Ukuhlola Kwabazali Nemishini Ephazamisayo

Izigodi eziningi manje zisebenzisa ukuhlola kwaminyaka yonke ukuqoqa ukuqondisa kwabazali esimweni sezulu sesikole, sokukhulumisana, nokwaneliseka. Imiphumela ingaholela ezinguqulweni zenqubo [1] Ngokwesibonelo, uma abazali bebika ukuthi ukuxhumana ngezimiso zabafundi kuyadida, isifunda singabukeza imithetho yaso yokulandelana. Ezinye izifunda-zifunda ziye zamukela izindlela zokunikeza impendulo ezisemthethweni, njengesithi “imikhandlu yezesikole,” ehlangana njalo nabaqondisi. Ukuhlanganyela nalezi zimiso kuqinisekisa ukuthi umbono wakho uhlanganisiwe enqubweni yokwenza izinqumo.

Amaqembu Ezihlubuki Nezinhlangano Zomphakathi

Izinhlangano zothisha bendawo (PTOs) namaqembu okufundisa angamandla amakhulu okushintsha ukuhleleka. Ngokwesibonelo, iqoqo labazali elikhathazekile ngokuphepha kwesikole lingase licindezele ibhodi ukuba lilungise izimiso eziphuthumayo. Ngokufanayo, amaqembu agxile ekuhleleni izimiso ezintsha ezingasekela ukwabiwa noma ukuqeqeshwa okumelene nomthetho. Lemizamo yotshani ngokuvamile iholele ekushintsheni okubalulekile. i-National PTA inikeza imithombo yabazali abafuna ukuhileleka endaweni ethile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengezinhlangano inikeza ukukhomba okungahleleki okunga. [FLT]

Ukubukeka Okuqondisayo Njengomzali

Ukuqonda imithetho yesikole akukona nje ukusebenzisa leyo mithetho yesikole ukuze usekele ingane yakho. Qala ngokuthola incwadi yezimiso zesifunda, ngokuvamile etholakala kuwebhusayithi yesigodi. Gxila ezingxenyeni ezithinta ngokuqondile izinga lengane yakho noma izidingo eziqondile, njengemithetho yokufundisa ukuziphatha, imithetho eqinile, kanye nezinqubo ezikhethekile zokufundisa. Uma okuthile kungacaci, thintana nehhovisi lesifunda noma umphathi wesikole ukuze ucacise.

Kule ngqungquthela yesikole lapho kuhlelwa izinguquko ezibalulekile zenqubo. Zisa imibuzo ethile noma izinto ezikhathazayo. Uma ubona isidingo semithetho emisha . Njengeziqondiso ezicacile zokusingatha ukuqinela abanye (_____Cela inqubo ebekwe ebhodini). Izifunda eziningi zinenqubo yokuba amalungu omphakathi asikisele ushintsho lwenqubo.

I-website ye- Great Schools ingakusiza ukuba uqhathanise ukusebenza kwesikole esifundeni sakho, kuyilapho CAPE[Indawo yeNguquko yaseMelika] inikeza ukuhlaziywa kwezimiso zemfundo zendawo. Ukunyukela kakhulu, iKhomishane yezemfundo yezwe yezwe yemikhondo ebanzi kuzo zonke izisho ezingamashumi amahlanu. Lemithombo ingakusiza ukuba uphawule imithetho yakho emelene nemikhuba engcono kakhulu nesekela impumelelo.

Isiphetho

Izimiso zezifunda zesikole zingaphezu kakhulu kwe-boureaucrate ebomvu yesikole − ziyimithetho esebenzayo elawula imfundo yomntanakho nsuku zonke. Kulokho ezikufundayo nakuhlolwa ngendlela eziyalwa ngayo futhi zisekelwe, lezimiso zendawo zisebenza ngendlela enamandla. Ngokuqonda uhlelo olungokomthetho, izinqumo zezifundo, izimiso zezifundo, ukulandisa, kanye nezindlela zokuzibandakanya, uba ngumngane onolwazi kakhulu esikoleni somntwana wakho. Imithetho ayiqinile; iyazimela ngokufakwa komphakathi nangezidingo ezishintshayo. Izivumelwano zakho ezisebenzayo zingasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi bakhonza bonke abafundi ngokungenaphutha nangempumelelo. Hlala bebuza imibuzo efuna ukwazi ukuphendula, futhi usebenzise izwi lakho ukuthonya imithetho ethinta indaba ethinta kakhulu emkhayeni wakho.