Table of Contents

Ukumisa isimiso senkantolo kungakushiya ukhungathekile, ikakhulukazi uma ungakaze uhileleke emacaleni angokomthetho ngaphambili. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubhekene nempikiswano, ufuna ubulungisa, noma udinga ukuxazulula indaba yakho siqu, ukuqonda indlela yokungena enkantolo kubaluleke kakhulu ekuvikeleni amalungelo akho nezithakazelo. Lo mqondisi ogcwele uyokuhamba kuzo zonke izinyathelo zenqubo, ekutholeni impikiswano yakho engokomthetho ukuze unikeze icala lakho ngokuphumelelayo enkantolo.

Ukuqonda Ukwakhiwa Kwesimiso Senkantolo

Ngaphambi kokuba ukwazi ukufinyelela ngokuphumelelayo ezinkantolo, kubalulekile ukuqonda indlela izinkantolo ezihlelwe ngayo e-United States. Isimiso sokwahlulela sisebenza ngamazinga amaningi, ngalinye elinezikhundla ezikhethekile nemithwalo yemfanelo. Isakhiwo sihlanganisa izinkantolo zikahulumeni, izinkantolo zikahulumeni, nezinkantolo ezikhethekile, zonke zisebenza ndawonye ekuqondiseni ubulungisa.

Izinkantolo zikahulumeni zisingatha amacala ahilela imithetho kahulumeni, izimpikiswano zomthetho-mthetho, izimpikiswano phakathi kwezifundazwe, namacala lapho i-United States iyiqembu khona. Lezinkantolo zihlanganisa iziNkantolo zeSithili, iziNkantolo zeZikhalo, neNkantolo Ephakeme. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinkantolo zoMbuso, zisingatha izindaba eziningi ezingokomthetho, kuhlanganise namacala obugebengu, umthetho womkhaya, izivumelwano, izimpikiswano zesivumelwano, nokulimala komuntu siqu. Izindaba eziningi ezingokomthetho obhekana nazo cishe ziyoxazululwa ezinkantolo zikahulumeni.

Kunezinhla zenkantolo, kunezinhlambi eziningana. Izinkantolo, ngezinye izikhathi ezibizwa ngokuthi izinkantolo eziphakeme noma izinkantolo zesifunda, zilapho kuqalwa khona amacala. Lezi zinkantolo zizwa ubufakazi, zilalele, futhi zenze izinqumo zokuqala. Ngaphezu kwezinkantolo zokuqulwa kwecala izinkantolo ezidlulisa amacala, ezibukeza izinqumo ezenziwa izinkantolo eziphansi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umthetho usebenza kahle. Ezinhlalweni eziphezulu zezi zimiso eziningi zikahulumeni ziyinkantolo ephakeme esebenza njengommeli wokugcina womthetho wezwe.

Ukuqonda Uhlobo Lwecala Elingokomthetho Onalo

Isinyathelo sokuqala esibucayi ekungeneni kwesimiso senkantolo ukuveza ngokunembile ukuthi hlobo luni lwecala onalo. Lokhu kunquma kuthinta yonke into kusukela kuyiphi inkantolo ozofaka kuyo ukuya kuziphi izinqubo okuzodingeka uzilandele. Amacala angokomthetho ngokuvamile awela ezigabani eziningana ezibanzi, ngalinye elinezici nezimfuneko ezihlukile.

Amacala Angaphakathi

Izindaba zombango zihlanganisa izingxabano phakathi kwabantu, amabhizinisi, noma izinhlangano lapho elinye iqembu lifuna khona imbuyiselo noma isenzo esithile esivela kwelinye. Lamacala awahileli ukumangalelwa ngecala noma isikhathi sokuboshwa. Izindaba zomphakathi ezivamile zihlanganisa ukungezwani kwesivumelwano, ukungavumelani kwempahla, ukulimazana komuntu siqu, izingxabano zezindawo, ukuqoqwa kwezikweletu, nezingxabano zemisebenzi.

Ezindabeni zomphakathi, umuntu omangalela abizwa ngokuthi i-paltiff, kuyilapho umuntu omangalelwayo engummangalelwa. Ummangalelwa kumelwe afakazele icala lakhe ngo "ubufakazi obuqanjiwe," okusho ukuthi kungenzeka kakhulu kunokuba ukuthi izikhulumo zabo ziyiqiniso. Lokhu kuyindinganiso ephansi yobufakazi kunasemacala obugebengu. Icala lombango lingaphumela ekukhishweni kwemali, imiyalo efuna noma enqabela izenzo ezithile, noma izahlulelo zokulahla izivumelwano ezimisa amalungelo angokomthetho.

Amacala Ezigebengu

Icala lobugebengu lihlanganisa ukwephulwa kwemithetho ebhekwa njengecala emphakathini wonke. Lamacala alethwa abashushisi bakahulumeni ngenxa kahulumeni noma uhulumeni. Izindaba zobugebengu zisukela eziphambanweni ezincane nezingaqondile kuya eziphambaneni ezingathi sína. Izibonelo zihlanganisa ukweba, ukuhlasela, amacala ezidakamizwa, ukukhwabanisa, nokuphulwa kwezimoto.

Ezicabeni zobugebengu, uhulumeni kumelwe abonise icala "ngaphandle kokungabaza okunengqondo," okuyindinganiso ephakeme kakhulu kunasezicaleni zomphakathi. Abavikeli ezicabeni zobugebengu banesivikelo somthetho-sisekelo, kuhlanganise nelungelo lommeli, ilungelo lokuthula, nelungelo lokuqulwa kwecala. Imiphumela ingahlanganisa ukukhokhwa, ukuqulwa, ukugcinwa, inkonzo yomphakathi, noma ukuboshwa. Uma ubhekene neziphakamiso zobugebengu, kuyatuswa ngokunamandla ukufuna ukumelelwa ngokomthetho ngokushesha.

Icala Lemithetho Yomkhaya

Izindaba zomthetho womkhaya ziphathelene nobuhlobo basekhaya nezindaba zomkhaya. Lezi zihlanganisa isehlukaniso, ukwahlukana ngokomthetho, ukuwinwa kwabantwana nokuvakashelwa, ukusekela kwezingane, ukusekela kobungane noma ubumoni, ukutholwa, ukubeletha, ubudlova basekhaya obuvikelayo, nokunakekela. Izinkantolo zemikhaya zihlukene ngokukhethekile eziklanyelwe ukusingatha isimo esibucayi nesingokomzwelo salezingxabano.

Amacala omthetho womkhaya ngokuvamile adinga ukuhileleka okuqhubekayo enkantolo, ikakhulukazi uma kuhileleke abantwana. Izinkantolo zimisa kuqala izinzuzo ezingcono kakhulu zezingane lapho zenza izinqumo zelungelo lokuhlala nabantwana futhi zisekela. Izindawo eziningi zidinga ukuqulwa kwemidiyamu noma ukunakekelwa kwabazali ngaphambi kokuba kuqulwe icala ezindabeni zomthetho womkhaya. Lamacala angaba anzima kakhulu ngoba ahilela kokubili ubuhlobo obungokomthetho nobungokomuntu siqu obungase buqhubeke isikhathi eside ngemva kokuphela kwecala.

Abathi Bayizola

Izinkantolo ezincane zinikeza inqubo eyenziwe lula yokuxazulula izingxabano ezihilela izilinganiso ezincane zemali, ngokuvamile ezisukela kuR2 500 kuya kuR1 500 kuya ku-R7 000 kuye ngombuso. Lezinkantolo ziklanyelwe ukufinyelela kubantu abangenawo abameli, nezinqubo ezilandelanayo nemithetho ekhululekile yobufakazi. Icala elincane elivamile lihlanganisa izikweletu ezingakhokhelwanga, umonakalo wempahla, ukuvinjelwa kwezindawo, nokuphulwa kwesivumelwano ngemali encane.

Inqubo encane yokuzisholo ngokuvamile iyashesha futhi ayibizi kakhulu kunenkantolo evamile. Ukulalela ngokuvamile akulindelekile, futhi amajaji angathatha indima enzima kakhulu ekubuzeni amaqembu nofakazi. Nokho, isimo esilula senkantolo yezikhulu ezincane sisho ukuthi kunemingcele, kuhlanganise nezikepisi ezisemalini ongayithola futhi ubeke imingcele yamalungelo okudlulisa. Abantu abaningi baziveza ngokuphumelelayo enkantolo encane ngaphandle kosizo olungokomthetho.

Icala Lefa Nefa

Izinkantolo eziphethe izindaba ezihlobene nezindawo zabantu abafile, kuhlanganise nezincwadi zokugunyaza, ukumisa abakhokhi noma abaphathi, ukusakaza impahla ezindlalifa, nokuxazulula izimpikiswano phakathi kwabazuzayo. Lezi zinkantolo zibuye ziphathe izinhlangano zokulungisa izakhiwo nemikhumbi evikelayo yabantu abadala abangakwazi ukuphatha izindaba zabo siqu ngenxa yezenzo zempoqo.

Izinhlelo zingaba yinkimbinkimbi futhi zithathe isikhathi, ngokuvamile zithathe izinyanga noma ngisho iminyaka ukuqeda. Lenqubo ihilela ukubhala izimali, ukukhokha izikweletu nezintela, futhi ekugcineni ukwaba impahla esele ngokwentando noma imithetho yobuzali kahulumeni. Ezinye izindawo zingagwema ukuthengwa okungokomthetho ngezindlela ezinjengokuphathiswa izinto eziphilayo, ukuba nenkokhelo, noma ukunikwa inzuzo, kodwa eziningi zisafuna ukuqondiswa yinkantolo.

Ukuthola Inkantolo Efanele Yokumangalela Kwakho

Uma usuthole uhlobo lwecala onalo, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukunquma ukuthi yiliphi inkantolo ethile enegunya lokulizwa. Icala libhekisela egunyeni lenkantolo lokwenza izinqumo ezingokomthetho nezahlulelo. Izici eziningana zinquma ukuthi inkantolo ifanele icala lakho, kuhlanganise ukuma kwezwe, indaba, nemali ehilelekile.

Ukumangalelwa Kwendawo Yonke

Izinkantolo zinegunya kuphela emacaleni aphakathi kwemingcele yazo yendawo. Ngokuvamile, kufanele ubhale icala lakho esifundeni noma esifundeni lapho ummangalelwa ehlala khona, lapho kwenzeka khona isenzakalo, noma indawo okuxoxwa kuyo. Ngokwesibonelo, uma umangalela othile engozini yemoto, ubungabhala phansi esifundeni lapho kwenzeka khona ingozi noma lapho ummangalelwa ehlala khona.

Kwezinye izimo, izinkantolo eziningi zingaba negunya, zikunike amakhetho mayelana nendawo yokufaka amafayela. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukulawulwa kwe-consol. Nokho, ukukhetha inkantolo engalungile kungaphumela ekuxoshweni noma ekuthunjweni kwecala lakho, kubangele ukulibala nezindleko ezengeziwe. Uma ungaqiniseki ngezwe, amahhovisi enkantolo omphathi wenkantolo anganikeza isiqondiso esivamile, nakuba engenakunikeza iseluleko esingokomthetho.

Indaba Emangalelwayo

Izindaba ezilawulwa yindaba zibhekisela egunyeni lenkantolo lokulalela izinhlobo ezithile zecala. Ezinye izinkantolo ziyizinkantolo eziphethe izikhulu ezingalalela izinhlobonhlobo zezindaba, kanti ezinye ziyizinkantolo zezegunya elilinganiselwe ezisingatha izindaba ezithile kuphela. Ngokwesibonelo, izinkantolo zomkhaya zilalela amacala obuhlobo basekhaya kuphela, izinkantolo zezezindawo kuphela, futhi izinkantolo zomgwaqo zisingatha amacala ezimoto kuphela.

Izinkantolo zesifunda zilinganiselwe ukulawulwa kwezindaba futhi zingalalela amacala ahilela ukuqulwa kwezindaba zikahulumeni (izindaba zomthetho kahulumeni noma uMthetho-sisekelo) noma ukubusa ngokwehlukana (izigaba phakathi kwezakhamuzi zezifundazwe ezihlukene ezihilela amaRandi angaphezu kuka - 180 000). Amacala amaningi ayoqulwa ezinkantolo zikahulumeni, ezinegunya elikhulu lokulalela cishe noma yiluphi uhlobo lwempikiswano engokomthetho.

I - Monetary Juriscion

Izimiso eziningi zenkantolo zihlukanisa amacala asekelwe emalini ekhona. Izinkantolo ezincane zikhipha izimpikiswano ezilingana nemali ethile, kuyilapho amacala ahilela izindleko ezinkulu kumelwe abekwe ezinkantolo zegunya elivamile. Ezinye izifundazwe zinamazinga aphakathi, njengezinkantolo zezakhamuzi ezilinganiselwe ezisingatha amacala phakathi kwemingcele emincane nezibopho zenkantolo zezakhamuzi ezingenamingcele.

Ukuqonda lemingcele yemali kubalulekile ngoba ukugada enkantolo engalungile kungaphumela ekuxoshweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma unelungelo elibalulekile kunesilinganiso esincane kodwa ukhetha ukulifaka enkantolo efuna ukudluliswa kwecala elincane, kungenzeka ukuthi uthatha ilungelo lakho lokuthola imali egcwele. Ngokuhlukile, ukubeka icala elincane enkantolo ephakeme kungakuholela ezinqubweni eziyinkimbinkimbi nasezindlekweni eziphakeme kunezodingeka.

Imithombo Yokuthola Inkantolo Efanele

Izifundazwe eziningi zinamawebhusayithi enkantolo agcwele anemininingwane ephathelene nezindawo zenkantolo, izifunda, kanye nezinqubo zokuhlela. I-United States Courts ye-United States ye-website inikeza ukwaziswa ngezinkantolo zikahulumeni, kuyilapho amawebhusayithi enkantolo enkantolo enikeza imininingwane mayelana nezimiso zenkantolo zendawo. Lezi zingosi zivame zihlanganisa amathuluzi okuhlola lapho ungasesha khona ngekheli noma ngohlobo lwecala.

Ungathintana futhi nehhovisi lomabhalane enkantolo yendawo yakini ngokuqondile. Omabhalane basenkantolo banganikeza ukwaziswa mayelana nesimiso sokulawula, izimfuneko zokuhlela, nezindawo zenkantolo, nakuba bengenakunikeza iseluleko esingokomthetho noma bakutshele ukuthi unalo yini icala elingokomthetho. Izindlu eziningi zenkantolo nazo zinezisebenzi ezizimele eziphethwe ochwepheshe bezomthetho abangasiza ngemibuzo yezemizwa futhi banikeze iziyalezo.

Ukulungiselela Nokukulula Icala Lakho

Ngemva kokuthola inkantolo elungile, kudinga ukulungiselela nokubhala amabhukwana afanele ukuze uqalise icala lakho. Le nqubo iyahluka kuye ngohlobo lwecala negunya, kodwa izinyathelo ezithile zivamile ezingosini eziningi zasenkantolo. Ukulungiselela kahle nokunaka imininingwane kuleliqophelo kungakuthinta kakhulu ukuphumelela kwecala lakho.

Ukuqoqa Amadokhumende Adingekayo Nobufakazi

Ngaphambi kokuqoqa, qoqa zonke izincwadi nobufakazi obuhlobene necala lakho. Lokhu kungahlanganisa izivumelwano, amathilidi, izithombe, ama-imeyili, imiyalezo yokuthumela imiyalezo, amarekhodi ezokwelapha, imibiko yamaphoyisa, noma izimemezelo zobufakazi. Hlela lezi zincwadi ngokwendlela elandelanayo noma ngesihloko ukuze ukwazi ukuzikhomba kalula lapho ulungisa izincwadi zakho ezigciniwe naphakathi nenkantolo.

Yenza amakhophi azo zonke izinto, ukugcina iziqalo endaweni ephephile. Izinkantolo zifuna ukuba ubhalise amakhophi kunawokuqala, futhi uzodinga amanye amakhophi ukuze usebenze kwezinye izigaba. Dala uhlelo olucacile lokuhlela amafaksi akho, njengamagama abhaliwe noma amabhande abhalwe phansi. Lenhlangano izozibonakalisa ibaluleke kakhulu njengoba icala lakho liqhubeka futhi udinga ukuthola ukwaziswa okuqondile ngokushesha.

Izinhlobo ezidingekayo

Izinkantolo eziningi zinikeza amafomu afanele ezindlela zokuqulwa kwecala. Lezi zimo zivame ukutholakala kumawebhusayithi asenkantolo, ezikhungweni zokuzisiza, noma ehhovisi lomabhalane. Ukusebenzisa amafomu enkantolo engokomthetho kuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlanganisa konke ukwaziswa okudingekayo nokuhlelwa okufanele. Amafomu ahlanganisa isikhalo noma isicelo (incwadi eqala icala), izimemo (isaziso esisemthethweni kummangalelwa), kanye nezigqizo noma izimemezelo ezihlukahlukene.

Uma uqeda amafomu, qinisekisa ngokuphelele nangokunembile. Yenza konke ukwaziswa okuceliwe, kuhlanganise namagama aphelele angokomthetho, amakheli, kanye nemininingwane yecala. Bhala ngokucacile noma bhala izimpendulo zakho. Yisho ngokuqondile ukuthi yini ocela inkantolo ukuba yenziwe (noma yikuphi ukulahlekelwa, ukukhipha umyalo, noma ukwenza isimemezelo. Izindlela ezingaphelele zingalahlwa umabhalane noma zingazivikela ngokwanele izithakazelo zakho.

Ama-PDF amaningi manje anikeza izakhiwo ezigcwalisekayo ezingaqedwa kuyi-computer, okwenza ukuba le nqubo ibe lula futhi iqiniseke. Ezinye izinkantolo zinikeza futhi izinhlelo zokulungisa i-software noma izimiso zokuhlela i-inthanethi yokuxhumana ezikuqondisa ngenqubo elandelanayo. Sebenzisa le mithola nzuzo uma ikhona, ngoba ingasiza ekuvimbeleni amaphutha avamile.

Ukuqonda Izimfene Ezikhohlisayo

Izinkantolo eziningi zidinga ukukhokhwa kwemali lapho ufaka izincwadi zakho zokuqala. Lemali ihluka kakhulu kuye ngecala nangamacala, kusukela kuR350 kuya kumacala amancane akhokhelwayo kuya emakhulwini amaningana amadollar ukuze akhokhelwe izindleko zomphakathi. Imali yokubolekisa izindleko zokuqondisa inqubo nokulungisa inqubo yenkantolo.

Uma ungenakukwazi ukukhokha imali yokukhokha, ungase ufanelekele ukukhokhelwa imali noma ukukhokha. Izinkantolo zivame ukunikeza amafomu okucela umholi osekelwe ekuhluphekeni okungokwezimali. Kuzodingeka unikeze ukwaziswa ngeholo lakho, izindleko, impahla, nezinzuzo zomphakathi. Uma uvunyelwe, ungaqhubeka nendaba yakho ngaphandle kokukhokha intela, noma ungavunyelwa ukuba ukhokhele imali ethile ngokulandelana kwesikhathi.

Qaphela ukuthi izindleko zokukhokha zimane ziwukuqala kwezindleko zenkantolo. Ezinye izindleko zingafuneka ekuthumeleni amaphepha, ukucela amarekhodi, ukuthatha izintambo zokuhlela, noma izinqumo ezikhangayo. Sebenzisani kahle futhi nifake lezizindleko esinqumweni sesinqumo senu ukuthi nizolilandela yini icala lakho enkantolo noma nifune ezinye izindlela zokuxazulula eziphikisanayo.

Umba Wakho

Uma amafomu akho esephelele futhi uhlelile, uzothumela amafaktha akho kumphathi wenkantolo. Lokhu kungakwenziwa ngokoqobo enkantolo, ngeposi, noma ngokwandayo ngezimiso zokuhlela ze-electronic. Indlela ngayinye inezinzuzo nezimfuneko. Eqeshweni le-pagerson ikuvumela ukuba uthole impendulo ngokushesha uma kunezinkinga ngezincwadi zakho, kuyilapho i-electronic enikeza ukusebenziseka nokulungiswa kosuku oluzenzekelayo.

Uma ufaka, letha amakhophi amaningi awo wonke amadokhumende cishe namakhophi okuqala okungenani amabili. Umabhalane uzogcina amakhophi akho okuqala ehele lenkantolo, afake inombolo yerekhodi nenombolo yecala, futhi awabuyisele kuwe. Ikopi eyodwa yeyemibhalo yakho, futhi uzodinga amanye amakhophi ukuze ukhonze kwezinye izigaba. Umabhalane uzobeka inani elizohlanganisa zonke izikhwama zesikhathi esizayo nezincwadi ezihlobene nendaba.

Ngemva kokubhala, hlola ngokucophelela amakhophi anesitampu abuya kuwe. Qinisekisa ukuthi inombolo yecala ilungile nokuthi wonke amakhasi agciniwe. Gcina lamaphepha endaweni ephephile, njengoba enikeza ubufakazi bokuthi uqala kahle icala lakho. Usuku lokubhala luvame ukuba lubaluleke ngokomthetho, njengoba lungase luthinte imithetho yokulinganiselwa, imithetho yokusabela, nezinye izici ezithinta isikhathi.

Ukukhonza Elinye Iqembu

Ngemva kokufaka icala lakho, kumelwe wazise omunye ummangalelwa (ummangalelwa noma ophendulayo) ngokomthetho ngecala. Lenqubo ibizwa ngokuthi inkonzo yenqubo, futhi kuyimfuneko yomthetho-sisekelo eqinisekisa wonke umuntu ukuthi unezenzwe zomthetho ezimelene nabo kanye nethuba lokuphendula. Inkonzo efanele iyagxeka − uma ungamkhonzi omunye ummangalelwa ngokunembile, inkantolo ayinakuqhubeka necala lakho.

Izindlela Zokukhonza

Izinkantolo zivumela izindlela eziningana zomsebenzi, ezinemithetho ekhethekile ehluka-hlukene ngokulawula nangokohlobo lwecala. Inkonzo yomuntu siqu ihilela ukuba othile anikeze amabhukwana enkantolo kummangalelwa. Lena ngokuvamile iyindlela ethembeke kakhulu futhi iyadingeka ezimweni eziningi. Umuntu ophethe lamaphepha kumelwe abe neminyaka engu-18 ubudala futhi angekwazi ukuba umhlanganyeli kulelicala.

Inkonzo efakiwe ingavunyelwa uma inkonzo yomuntu siqu ingenzeki ngemva kwemizamo enengqondo. Lokhu kungahilela ukushiya amaphepha nomunye umuntu omdala ekhaya lommangalelwa noma emsebenzini, kulandelwe ngokuthumela ikhophi. Inkonzo ngeposi ivunyelwe kwezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi ezindabeni ezithile zomthetho womkhaya noma uma ummangalelwa evuma ukwamukela inkonzo. Ezinye izikhundla zingavumela inkonzo ngokukhishwa ephephandabeni uma ummangalelwa engenakutholakala ngemva kokuphenya ngenkuthalo.

Abasebenzisi benqubo yochwepheshe bakhona ukuze bakhokhelwe futhi bangaphatha inkonzo ngenkokhelo, ngokuvamile esukela ku-R150 kuya ku-R150. Banolwazi ekutholeni abamangalelwa nakulandela izinqubo ezifanele, futhi banikeza ubufakazi bezincwadi zenkonzo. Okanye, ungacela umngane noma ilungu lomkhaya ukuba likhonze amadokhumende, noma kwezinye izindawo, ihhovisi lomphathi we-staff lizosebenzisa amaxwebhu ngenkokhelo.

Ubufakazi Benkonzo

Ngemva kokuba ummangalelwa esekhishwe, kumelwe ubhale phansi ubufakazi benkonzo enkantolo. Lena incwadi, ngokuvamile eyisaziso noma i-affidavit, esayiniwe umuntu owanikeza lamaphepha, echaza ukuthi nini, kuphi, futhi inkonzo ifeziwe kanjani. Ubufakazi benkonzo buba yingxenye yerekhodi lenkantolo futhi bubonisa ukuthi ummangalelwa wathola isaziso esifanele.

Ngaphandle kobufakazi obugciniwe benkonzo, inkantolo ayinakuqhubeka necala lakho, ngisho noma wazi ummangalelwa ngempela wathola lamaphepha. Qiniseka ukuthi noma ubani osebenzisa izincwadi zakho uyakuqonda ukubaluleka kokuqeda nokubuyisela ubufakazi benkonzo. Gcina amakhophi akho bonke ubufakazi bezincwadi zenkonzo zamarekhodi akho, njengoba ungase udinge ukuwabhekisela kamuva uma inkonzo ibekelwe inselele.

Ukuqonda Izinqubo Zenkantolo Nezikhathi

Uma icala lakho seliqulwe futhi elinye icala liqulwa, icala lingena esimisweni sesimiso senkantolo. Ukuqonda lezi zinqubo nezikhathi kukusiza ukuba uhlangabezane nezikhathi ezimisiwe, ugweme izigijimi, futhi uqondise icala lakho ngokunempumelelo ekuxazululeni.

Abafayo Endleleni Yokusabela

Ngemva kokunikezwa, ummangalelwa unesikhathi esilinganiselwe sokuphendula isikhalo sakho noma isicelo. Lo mgomo uthatha izinsuku ezingu-20 kuya kwezingu-30, kuye ngegunya nohlobo lwenkonzo. Impendulo yommangalelwa ingaba impendulo ephendula izikhalo zakho, ukuzama ukulahla icala kufanele licinywe, noma ezinye izikhalo ezisabelayo.

Uma ummangalelwa ehluleka ukuphendula phakathi nosuku olumisiwe, ungakwazi ukucela isahlulelo esiphelele, okusho ukuthi uwina ngokuzenzakalelayo ngoba ummangalelwa akahlanganyelanga. Nokho, ukuthola isahlulelo esilungile kudinga ukulandela izinqubo ezithile nokuqinisekisa icala lakho ngokwenelisa kwenkantolo. Ngezinye izikhathi abalweli bangabe sebezibekele eceleni izigigaba uma bengase babonise imbangela enhle yokuhluleka ukuphendula.

Inqubo Yokuthola

Ezimweni eziningi zomphakathi, amaqembu athatha inqubo evamile yokunikezana ukwaziswa nobufakazi. Amathuluzi okutholakele ahlanganisa abaphenyi (imibuzo okumelwe ibhalwe ngaphansi kwesifungo), izicelo zokukhiqiza izincwadi, izicelo zokuvuma (ukucela omunye ukuba avume noma aphikise amaqiniso athile), kanye nokufaka izimpawu (noma ubufakazi obuthathwe ngaphansi kwesifungo ngaphambi kokuqulwa kwecala).

Ukuthola kokubili kuvumela ukuba kufundwe ubufakazi nezimpikiswano ezizobekwa yilezi ezinye, kuncishiswe izinto ezimangalisayo lapho kuqulwa icala futhi kutholwe khona. Nokho, ukutholakala kungaba okunika isikhathi nokubizayo, ikakhulukazi ezicabeni eziyinkimbinkimbi. Izinkantolo ezincane zivumela ukutholwa okungokomthetho, ukugcina lenqubo ilula futhi ishesha. Uma uhilelekile ekutholeni, uphendule zonke izicelo ezikhona phakathi nezikhathi ezimisiwe futhi ulondoloze zonke izincwadi ezingathi zikhona.

Imihlangano Yangaphambi Kwezindaba Nezindaba

Ngaphambi kokuqulwa kwecala, izinkantolo zivame ukuhlela izingqungquthela noma izikhalo ukuze kusingathwe icala. Lezi zingahlanganisa izingqungquthela zokuphatha amacala lapho umahluleli emisa khona izimiso nezikhathi ezimisiwe, izingqungquthela lapho amaqembu ezama khona ukuxazulula icala ngaphandle kokuqulwa kwecala, noma ukuqulwa kwecala lapho umahluleli enquma khona izindaba ezingokomthetho. Ukungena kule micimbi kuyinto engokomthetho, futhi ukuhluleka ukuvela kungaphumela ekujezisweni noma ekuxoshweni kwecala lakho.

Imihlangano yangaphambi kwezomthetho ingamathuba okuxazulula izimpikiswano eziwumngcingo, ukuxazulula izimpikiswano ezingokwemizwa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukuxazululwa. Yiza ulungiselele ngolwazi ngecala lakho, noma yiziphi izincwadi ezidingekayo, kanye negunya lokuxoxa ngokuxazululwa uma kufanelekile. Abahluleli bazisa izigaba ezihlelekile, ezihloniphayo, futhi ezenza imizamo emihle yokholo ukuze kuxazululwe izingxabano ngokuphumelelayo.

Ukulungiselela Ukuqulwa Kwecala

Uma icala lenu lingaxazululeki, lizoqhubeka liqulwa icala. Ukulungiselela ukuqulwa kwecala kuhilela ukuhlela ubufakazi, ukulungiselela ofakazi, ukuveza izimpikiswano zakho ezingokomthetho, nokwenza imibukiso. Kuzodingeka uqonde imithetho yobufakazi, elawula lokho ukwaziswa okunganikezwa umahluleli noma ijaji. Ubufakazi obungakholeki, njengokwaziswa okungaqondakali, njengehemuhemu noma okungadingekile, akunakucatshangelwa ekunqumeni icala lakho.

Yenza umbambo wokwahlulela ngezincwadi zakho zonke ezihlelwe kahle. Lungisa uhlaka lobufakazi bakho namaphuzu ofuna ukuwaveza. Uma unofakazi, hlangana nabo kusengaphambili ukuze ubukeze ubufakazi babo. Cabangela ukwakha ulwembu lwesikhathi noma izinto zokubona ukuze usize ekuchazeni amaqiniso ayinkimbinkimbi. Uma ukulungele kangcono, ungaveza indaba yakho ngokuphumelelayo.

Ukuzimelela Ngemibhoshongo.

Esinye sezinqumo ezibaluleke kakhulu ozozenza ukuthi uzimelele (ukubonakala "ku-se" noma "ku-propria menesa") noma ukuqasha ummeli. Lesisinqumo sixhomeke ebunkingeni becala lakho, isilinganiso esiphakanyiswayo, ukunethezeka kwakho ngezinqubo zomthetho, kanye nemali yakho.

Lapho Ukuziveza Kungase Kube Okufaneleke

Ukuzimela kungasebenza kahle ezimweni eziqondile eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokulinganiselwe. Izenzakalo ezincane ziklanyelwe ngokukhethekile izithakazelo ezizimele, ezinezinqubo ezilula nemithetho edanjiswayo. Izindaba ezilula ezingahlolwanga, njengokushintsha kwamagama noma isehlukaniso esingaphikiswanga ngaphandle kwezingane noma izinto ezibalulekile, zingalawuleka ngaphandle kommeli.

Izinkantolo eziningi zinikeza imithombo yemali ezizimelayo, kuhlanganise nokwakha amaphakethe, amavidiyo okufundisa, izikhungo ezizisizayo, kanye nokungena komthetho. Ezinye izifundazwe zinikeza izimpawu ze-audial elinganiselwe, lapho ummeli esiza ngezici ezithile zecala lakho kuyilapho usingatha ezinye izingxenye wena ngokwakho. Lena ingaba indawo ephakathi ekhokhela izindleko eziyinkimbinkimbi kuyilapho inikeza isiqondiso sobuchwepheshe ezindabeni eziyinkimbinkimbi kuyilapho igcina izindleko zilawulekile.

Lapho Kufanele Uhwaye I - Athoriney

Amacala anzima avame ukuzuza njalo ekumeleni komthetho osemthethweni oqeqeshiwe. Uma ubhekene neziphakamiso zobugebengu, usingatha izikweletu ezinkulu, uhileleke empikiswaneni yokuwinwa kwezingane, noma ukumangalelwa okungaphumela ekubekeni indiva, ubuchwepheshe bommeli bubalulekile. Ama-Atttorney ayazi indlela yokunikeza ubufakazi ngokuphumelelayo, angabona izimpikiswano ongase ungaziphuthe, futhi angaxoxa nawe.

Omunye ummeli uvame ukuba uphawu lokuthi kufanele ube nalo. Ukuzimelela ngokumelene nommeli onolwazi kukubeka engozini enkulu. Ama-athorney ayazi imithetho e-procedited, izimfuneko ezisobala, namasu angokomthetho angenza umehluko phakathi kokuwina nokulahlekelwa. Nakuba ukuqasha ummeli kuhilela izindleko, imiphumela yokulahlekelwa yikho ingadlula kude leyo zindleko.

Ukuthola Nokusebenza Nge - Athorney

Uma unquma ukuqasha ummeli, funa othile onolwazi oluhlobo lwakho lwendaba. Amanxusa ezindawo zikahulumeni alondoloza izinkonzo zabameli, futhi amaningi anikeza ukuhlola kokuqala kwamahhala noma okuphansi. Ungabuza futhi abangane, umkhaya, noma abanye ochwepheshe ukuba bakutusa. Izincwadi zezincwadi zomthetho zangaphakathi zinikeza ukwaziswa mayelana nezindawo zabameli, okuhlangenwe nakho, kanye nokubukeza amakhasimende.

Phakathi nokuhlola kokuqala, buza ngokuhlangenwe nakho kommeli ngezindaba ezifana nezakho, ukubheka kwabo icala lakho, indlela abakhokha ngayo, nezindlela zabo zokuxhumana. Ama-athorney avame ukukhokha ngehora, izindleko ezicashile zezinkonzo ezithile, noma izindleko zokulungisa (isilinganiso sanoma ikuphi ukululama, okuvamile ezimweni zokulimala komuntu). Qiniseka ukuba uyaliqonda ilungiselelo lenkokhelo futhi uyibhale.

Uma ungenamali yokuthenga ummeli, ungafanelekela usizo olungokomthetho olukhululekile. Izinhlangano zosizo olungokomthetho zisiza abantu abahlawulwayo emacaleni omphakathi ahilela izidingo eziyisisekelo ezinjengezindlu, umthetho womkhaya, nezinzuzo zomphakathi. Icala lobugebengu, uma ungakwazi ukukhokhela ummeli, inkantolo izomisa umlweli womphakathi noma ummeli omisiwe wenkantolo ukuba akumelele. INhlangano Yezezimali zomthetho ingakusiza ukuba uthole izinkonzo zosizo ezingokomthetho endaweni yakini.

Ukuqhubeka Kwezinkantolo

Kubalulekile ukuthi ukhona enkantolo, noma ukhona enkantolo, ukwazi ukuthi yini ongayilindela nokuthi uzoziphatha kanjani enkantolo. Izinkantolo ziyindawo ehleliwe enemithetho eqondile nelindele ukuziphatha nentshumayelo.

Umthetho Wenkantolo Wezokugqoka Nezezingubo

Gqoka ngobuciko nangobudlabha kuzo zonke izigcawu. Izingubo zamabhizinisi zifanelekile − − amashadi noma amabhulukwe agqoke amahembe agqokisa amadoda, amasudi, izingubo, noma amaqembu ahlukanisa abesifazane. Gwema izingubo eziwubudlabha, izimfashi, iziqongo zethangi, noma imidlalo. Ukubukeka kwakho kubonisa inhlonipho ngenkantolo futhi kungathonya kakhulu ukuthi umahluleli uyakuthatha kanjani wena necala lakho.

Zinike isikhathi sokupaka imoto, sokuphepha, nokuthola indawo efanelekile enkantolo. Ziphathe zonke izincwadi ezidingekile, ubufakazi, nanoma yiziphi izinto inkantolo ekuyala ukuba uziphathe. Zivale umakhalekhukhwini wakho ngaphambi kokuba ungene enkantolo.

Dwelisa umahluleli njengethi "Udumo lwakho" futhi ume lapho umahluleli engena noma ephuma enkantolo. Khuluma kuphela lapho ucelwa ukuba wenze kanjalo, futhi ungalokothi uphazamise umahluleli noma iqembu eliphikisayo. Hlonipha bonke, kuhlanganise nezisebenzi zenkantolo, omunye ummeli, ngisho noma ungavumelani nabo. Intukuthelo engokomzwelo, ukuphikisana, noma ukuziphatha okungenanhlonipho kungalilimaza kakhulu icala lakho futhi kungaphumela ekudeleleni iziphakamiso zenkantolo.

Ukuveza Isimo Sakho

Uma kuyithuba lakho lokuveza, khuluma kahle futhi ngokuqondile kumahluleli. Hlela imicabango yakho kusengaphambili futhi unamathele emaqinisweni ahlobene nayo. Abahluleli banesikhathi esilinganiselwe futhi bayazisa kakhulu isikhathi esifingqiwe, izintshumayelo ezihlelwe kahle. Gxila emaqinisweni nasebubufakazini kunemizwelo noma imibono. Chaza ukuthi kwenzekani, lapho kwenzeka, ukuthi ubani ohilelekile, nokuthi buyini ubufakazi obusekela isikhundla sakho.

Uma unamaphepha noma obunye ubufakazi, bahlele futhi ukulungele ukunikeza. Ungadinga ukunikeza amakhophi kumajaji nakwenye ingxenye. Lapho unikeza ubufakazi, chaza ukuthi umniniyo uyini nokuthi kungani ubalulekile endabeni yakho. Uma unofakazi, bazodinga ukufakaza ngaphansi kwesifungo. Lungiselela ofakazi bakho kusengaphambili imibuzo, ugxile kulokho abakuphawule noma abakwaziyo ngokomuntu siqu.

Lalela ngokucophelela imibuzo evela kumajaji bese uyiphendula ngokuqondile. Uma ungaqondi umbuzo, buza ngenhlonipho ukuba uthole incazelo. Ungaqedi ukwaziswa okungaphezu kwalokho okubuziwe − phendula umbuzo oqondile bese umisa. Uma ungayazi impendulo yento ethile, yisho kunokuqagela. Ukwethembeka nokwethenjelwa kubalulekile ecaleni lakho.

Ukuqonda Indima Yomahluleli

Umahluleli ungumenzi wesinqumo ongathathi hlangothi osebenzisa umthetho emaqinisweni ecala lakho. Abahluleli abanakukunika iseluleko esingokomthetho noma bakusize ukuba unikeze icala lakho. Kumelwe bahlale bengakhethi futhi baphathe bobabili ngokulinganayo. Ecaleni lasebhentshini (emacaleni ngaphandle kwejaji), umahluleli unquma kokubili amaqiniso nomthetho. Ekuqulweni kwejaji, amajaji anquma amaqiniso kuyilapho umahluleli eshaya imithetho engokomthetho futhi ayala amajaji ngomthetho osebenzayo.

Abahluleli banokuqondisisa ekuqondiseni izinkantolo zabo nasekunqumeni okungaphakathi komthetho. Bangase babuze imibuzo, bacele ukwaziswa okwengeziwe, noma basikisele ukuxoxisana. Landela iziyalezo zomahluleli ngokucophelela nangokushesha. Uma uma ijaji lenza isinqumo eningavumelani naso, ningaba nelungelo lokudlulisa icala, kodwa ningaphikiswana nomahluleli phakathi nenkathi yokuqhubeka.

Izinketho Zezinqumo Ezihlukile

Ngaphambi noma phakathi nenkantolo, cabangela ezinye izindlela zokuxazulula izimpikiswano. Lezi zinqubo zingaxazulula izingxabano ngokushesha, ngokungabizi, nangokuthula kunekhambi elivamile. Izinkantolo eziningi zifuna noma zikhuthaze i-ADR ngaphambi kokuba zivumele amacala ukuba aqulwe.

Isiphazamiso

Ukubuyisana kuhilela iqembu lesithathu elingathathi hlangothi (umlamuleli) elisiza abaphikisanayo ukuba bafinyelele isivumelwano sokuzithandela. Umlamuleli akakwazi ukwenza izinqumo kodwa wenza kube lula ukukhulumisana futhi usiza abantu ukuba baphawule isisekelo esivumelanayo namakhambi okusungula izinto. Ukuxhumana kuyimfihlo, futhi izingxoxo phakathi nezindaba azinakusetshenziswa njengobufakazi uma icala liqhubeka liqulwa.

Ukulungisa kusebenza kahle uma amalungu efuna ukulondoloza ubuhlobo, adinga izisombululo ezingenakuhlelwa yizinkantolo, noma afuna ukuzilawula. Kuyinto evamile kakhulu emthethweni womkhaya, izingxabano zomakhelwane, nezingxabano zebhizinisi. Izinkantolo eziningi zinikeza izinkonzo zamahhala noma eziphansi, futhi abalamuleli abangabodwa nabo bayatholakala. Uma imvume ikhona, amaqembu angacela inkantolo ukuba ifake umthetho ogunyaza ukugcinwa kwenkantolo.

Ukudluliselwa Kwezindawo

I-Arbitration isemthethweni kakhulu kune-mediation. I-arbitrator (noma iqembu labaqondisi) izwa ubufakazi nezimpikiswano nhlangothi zombili futhi yenza isinqumo esibophekayo. Ukuthatha izivumelwano kuyafana nokuqulwa kwecala kodwa ngokuvamile akuyona indlela engokomthetho, esheshayo, nengasese. Izivumelwano eziningi zihlanganisa izimemezelo zokukhipha izimpikiswano ezifuna ukuxazululwa ngokuthatha icala kunokuba kuxazululwe inkantolo.

Isinqumo singabopha (isinqumo sibopha ngamalungelo alinganiselwe kakhulu okudlulisa) noma (iqembu lingase lenqabe isinqumo liqhubekele enkantolo). Nakuba ukuvotelwa kungashesha futhi kungabizi kakhulu kunecala, kusehilela izindleko zemali yommeli nenkokhelo engenzeka i-account. Imithetho yobufakazi ivame ukuhoxiswa ekuthatheni izigwebo, futhi izinqubo zivumelana kakhulu kunenkantolo.

Izingxoxo Zokuhlalisana

Amacala amaningi axazulula ngaphambi kokuqulwa kwecala ngezingxoxo eziqondile phakathi kwamaqembu noma abameli bawo. Ukuzinzisa kuvumela abahilelekile ukuba balawule umphumela, bagweme ukungaqiniseki kokuqulwa kwecala, futhi balondoloze isikhathi nemali. Izingxoxo zokuxazulula impikiswano zingavela noma kuliphi iqophelo, ngaphambi kokuba badlule phakathi nokuqulwa kwecala.

Ukuxoxisana okuphumelelayo kudinga ukuqonda amandla ecala lakho nobuthakathaka, ukwazi umsuka wakho, nokuzimisela ukuyekethisa. Ungacabangeli nje inani lemali kuphela kodwa futhi nezindleko, isikhathi, ukucindezeleka, nokungaqiniseki kokuqhubeka nokuqulwa kwecala. Amacala amaningi ahlala ezingqungqutheleni ezihleliwe enkantolo lapho umahluleli noma umphathi wezikhungo ezisemthethweni esiza ukuxoxa khona. Zilungiselele ukuxoxa ngokungathi sína ngalezi mihlangano, njengoba kungaba ithuba lakho elingcono kakhulu lokuxazulula icala ngemibandela eyamukelekayo.

Ngemva Kwesinqumo Senkantolo

Ukuqonda lokho okwenzeka ngemva kokwahlulela kukusiza ukuba uvikele amalungelo akho futhi uqiniseke ukuthi isinqumo sisetshenziswa ngokufanele.

Ukuqonda Ukwahlulela

Isinqumo senkantolo singokomthetho ekwahluleleni okubhaliwe noma oyale. Lencwadi isho lokho inkantolo enqume khona kanye nezenzo okufanele iziphathi zikwenze. Funda isahlulelo ngokucophelela ukuze uqonde amalungelo akho nezibopho. Izahlulelo ezicathulo zomphakathi zingakhokha imali ewohlokile, zihlele izenzo ezithile, noma zimemezele amalungelo angokomthetho. Emacaleni obugebengu, izahlulelo zihlanganisa ukukhokhwa, ukukhishwa kwecala, ukuboshwa, noma ezinye izijeziso.

Izahlulelo zihlanganisa ukugcinwa kwesikhathi ukuze uvume. Uma uyalelwe ukuba ukhokhe imali noma wenze izenzo ezithile, qaphela ngokucophelela le mithetho emisiwe. Ukwehluleka ukwenza ngokuvumelana nemvume yenkantolo kungaphumela ekudeleleni inkantolo, izijeziso ezengeziwe, noma izenzo zokugcinwa kwemithetho. Uma uwina icala lakho, isahlulelo sikunikeza amathuluzi angokomthetho okuphoqelela isinqumo uma omunye umuntu engavumelani ngokuzithandela.

Ukunxusa Isinqumo

Uma ukholelwa ukuthi inkantolo yenziwa iphutha elingokomthetho, ungaba nelungelo lokudlulisa icala. Ukudlulisa amacala akuwona amasha − ukuqulwa kwecala kuhlola izinqumo zenkantolo zomthetho ukuze kubonwe ukuthi amaphutha angenziwa yini. Ngokuvamile awunakho ukunikeza ubufakazi obusha noma ukuphikisa ngokuthi ijaji noma ijaji lafinyelela isiphetho esingesona esiyiqiniso. Kunalokho, ukunxusa kugxile ekutheni inkantolo yamacala iwusebenzisa kahle yini umthetho.

Izikhalo kumelwe zigcinwe ngezinsuku eziqinile, ngokuvamile izinsuku ezingu-30 kuya kwezingu-60 ngemva kokwahlulela. Ukungasitholi isikhathi sokudlulisa isicelo ngokuvamile kusho ukulahlekelwa ilungelo lokudlulisa isikhalo phakade. Izikhalo ziyinkimbinkimbi futhi zidinga ummeli ukuba aziphathe ngokuphumelelayo. Ngaphambi kokuba unqume ukudlulisa icala, uhlole ngokunengqondo amathuba akho empumelelo futhi ucabangele izindleko nesikhathi esihilelekile. Ukudlulisa izikhalo kungathatha unyaka noma ngaphezulu futhi kungabiza.

Ukukhipha Isahlulelo

Ukunqoba ukwahlulela akusho ukuthi uzothola lokho okukweletayo. Uma umcimbi olahlekelwayo engavumelani ngokuzithandela, kungadingeka uthathe izenzo zokuphoqelela. Izindlela ezivamile zokuphoqelela ukugcinwa zihlanganisa ukukhokhelwa (ukuthatha imali kushekezo lomkweleti), ukukhokha amabhange (ukukhokha amasheya asebhange), impahla (ukufaka isithakazelo esabelweni sangempela), kanye nokuquleka kwemali.

Impoqo idinga ezinye izinkantolo futhi ngokuvamile ihilela izindleko kubaqondisi noma ezinye izikhulu ezithatha izinyathelo zokuqinisekisa umthetho. Ngaphambi kokuphoqelelwa, cabangela ukuthi lowo obolekwe imali unempahla noma iholo elingafinyelelwa. Isahlulelo kumuntu ongenamali noma impahla kungase kube nzima noma kungabi lula ukuliqoqa, nakuba izahlulelo zihlala ziphoqelelwa iminyaka eminingi futhi zingavuselelwa.

Ukunakekelwa Okukhethekile Kwezinhlobo Ezihlukahlukene Zohlangothi

Nakuba izinqubo ezivamile zasenkantolo zisebenza ezinhlotsheni zecala, izigaba ezithile zamacala zinezimfuneko eziyingqayizivele nokucatshangelwa okufanele kuqondwe.

Iziqondiso Ezivikelayo Nosizo Oluphuthumayo

Ezimweni ezihilela ubudlova basekhaya, ukuhlukunyezwa, noma ukulimala okusheshayo, izinkantolo zingakhipha iziyalezo zokuvikela noma zivimbele iziyalezo ngokushesha, ngezinye izikhathi ngosuku olufanayo nolokungena kwakho. Lezi ziyalezo zingavimbela ukuxhumana, zifune ukuba othile ahlale kude nawe, noma anikeze abantwana ilungelo lesikhashana. Izinqubo eziphuthumayo zivumela izinkantolo ukuba zithathe isinyathelo ngaphandle kokuba omunye umuntu abe khona ekuqaleni, nakuba ziyoba nethuba lokuphikisa lomyalo lapho sekuqulwe icala kamuva.

Uma usengozini esheshayo, xhumana nomthetho ophoqelelwe kuqala. Izinkantolo eziningi zinabasekeli abangakusiza ukuba usebenzise inqubo yokulawula isivikelo. Ziletha ubufakazi bokusongela noma ubudlova, njengemibiko yamaphoyisa, izithombe zokulimala, imiyalezo esongelayo, noma izimemezelo zofakazi. Iziqondiso zokuvikela ziyizenzo zomphakathi, zihlukanisiwe kunoma iziphi izigebekele ezingase zibekwe.

Ukuqhubeka Kwemali

Amacala emali afakwa enkantolo egunyazwe uhulumeni emalini ewile futhi kulandele izinqubo ezikhethekile ngaphansi komthetho kahulumeni owehlayo. Kunezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokuwa kwamacala emali, kuhlanganise neSahluko 7 (ukuqulwa kwemali), iSahluko 13 (ukuhlelwa kabusha kwezikweletu komuntu siqu), neSahluko 11 (ukuhlelwa kabusha kwezebhizinisi). IBranruptic inganikeza ukukhululeka esikweletini esinzima kodwa inemiphumela ephawulekayo yemali nekusasa.

Imali ebhange idinga ukutshelwa okuningiliziwe, ukunikezwa kwezikweletu, nokuvumelana nezinqubo ezithile eziqondile. Abantu abaningi bayazuza ekumeleni abameli abashiywe ngenxa yokuwa kwabo ngenxa yobunkimbinkimbi kanye nemiphumela emibi yamaphutha. Ukuwa kwamandla emali kubangela ukuhlala okuzenzakalelayo okuqeda izenzo eziningi zokuqoqa iminikelo, ukukhokha izikweletu, nokumangalelwa, kunikeza impumuzo ngokushesha lapho ukuwa kwemali kuqhubeka.

Inkantolo Yokuthuthwa

Izinkantolo zokudlulisa izinkantolo zezinkantolo zezokwahlulela phakathi koMnyango woMahlulelo, hhayi ingxenye yesimiso senkantolo kahulumeni. Lezinkantolo zisingatha ukususwa kwecala (ukuthunyelwa) nezicelo zosizo lokususwa. Izenzakalo zokuthutha zinezinqubo eziyingqayizivele nezigxobo eziphakeme kakhulu, ngoba zingaphumela ekudingisweni nasekuhlukanisweni komkhaya.

Uma usemacaleni okufuduka, funa ngokushesha abameli abafanelekayo abamele ukufuduka. Ngokungafani nezigebengu, akukho lungelo lokumiswa kweseluleko enkantolo yabafuduki, kodwa izinhlangano eziningi ezingaphumeleli zinikeza izinkonzo zomthetho ezikhululekile noma eziphansi zokuthutha. Umthetho wokufuduka uyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi ushintsha njalo, okwenza ukumelelwa kwabezokwelapha kube okubaluleke kakhulu.

Imithombo Nokusekelwa Kwendlela Inkantolo Etholakala Ngayo

Kunemithombo eminingi ewusizo ekusizeni abantu ukuba bangene ezinkantolo, ikakhulukazi labo abazimelelayo noma abampofu.

Izikhungo Zosizo Lwasenkantolo

Izikhungo eziningi zezikhungo ezizisizayo zisebenza izisebenzi zochwepheshe bezomthetho ezisiza izinkampani ezizimele. Lezi zikhungo zinikeza amafomu, iziyalezo, ulwazi oluphathelene nezindawo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izeluleko ezilinganiselwe ezingokomthetho. Nakuba izisebenzi ezizisizayo zingenakukumelela noma zinikeze iseluleko esiphelele esingokomthetho, zingakuchazela izinqubo zasenkantolo, zikusize uphelele amafomu, futhi zikuqondise emithonjeni eyengeziwe.

Izikhungo zokuzisiza zivame ukugxila ezinhlotsheni zecala ezifana nomthetho womkhaya, izimemezelo ezincane, izingxabano zomnikazi wendlu, neziqondiso zokuvikela. Ezinye zinikeza amashabhu, imithola-khaya, noma ukubuzana okukodwa. Izinkonzo ngokuvamile zikhululekile, nakuba ezinye izikhungo zibiza izindleko zokuzibiza ngezinkonzo ezithile. Bheka ingosi yenkantolo yendawo noma shayela inkantolo yakho ukuze ufunde ngezinkonzo zosizo ezikhona.

Izinhlangano Zosizo Ezingokomthetho

Izinhlangano zosizo ezingokomthetho zinikeza abantu abahlawulwa imali encane ngezimali ezisemthethweni ezisemthethweni ezicatshangelweni zomphakathi. Lezinhlangano ezingatholi nzuzo zixhaswa ngemali ngezimali zikahulumeni, iminikelo yomuntu siqu, kanye nenkokhelo yommeli ekhokhelwayo emacaleni aphumelelayo. Usizo olungokomthetho lugxila kakhulu ezidingweni eziyisisekelo njengezindlu, ukuphepha komkhaya, ukugcinwa kwemali, nokukwazi ukubhekana nempilo.

Ukufaneleka kosizo olungokomthetho kusekelwe emalini eholweni nasohlobo lwenkinga engokomthetho. Izinhlelo eziningi zisiza abantu abahola imali engaphansi noma ngaphansi kwamaphesenti angu-125 omphakathi wobumpofu, nakuba ezinye izinhlelo zinesilinganiso esiphakeme semali eziyitholayo. Ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwemali egciniwe, izinhlangano zosizo olungokomthetho azinakusiza wonke umuntu ofaneleka futhi ngokuvamile ahlele amacala ahilela abantu abasengozini kakhulu noma izimo eziphuthumayo.

Imitapo Yezincwadi Yomthetho Nemithombo Yemithombo Yasezingosini Zokuxhumana

Imitapo yezincwadi yomthetho yasesifundazweni ivulekele umphakathi futhi inemithombo engokomthetho ehlanganisa imithetho, imithetho yezezimali, abaqondisi bezemfundo, nezincwadi zokwakha.

Imithombo ye-inthanethi yenze ukuba ulwazi olungokomthetho lutholakale kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili. Amawebhusayithi enkantolo anikeza amafomu, iziyalezo, nokwaziswa okungokwe-procedtura. USA.gov ikhasi losizo olungokomthetho[ lihlanganisa abantu nemithombo yosizo engokomthetho. Ama-bar engosi yomthetho ngokuvamile agcina amawebhusayithi olwazi omphakathi. Nakuba ulwazi olungaphakathi lungasiza, qaphakamela ekuncikeni elwazini oluvamile lwesimo sakho esithile, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ulwazi lukhona futhi luyasebenza esabelweni sakho.

Uhlelo lweproBono

Izinhlelo ze-probono zixhumanisa abameli bokuzithandela nabantu abadinga usizo olungokomthetho kodwa abangakwazi ukukhokha. izinkampani eziningi zebar zihlela izinhlelo ze-probono, futhi ezinye izinkantolo ziqondisa imitholampilo ye-probo lapho abameli benikeza khona ukuhlola okufushane noma usizo olulinganiselwe. Izikole zemithetho zivame ukusebenzisa imitholampilo engokomthetho lapho abafundi bomthetho, abaqondiswa abameli, benikeza izinkonzo zomthetho mahhala.

I-probo bono ukutholakala kwezindawo nohlobo lwe-gate. Ezinye izinhlelo zigxila ezintweni ezithile ezifana nezinzuzo zomuntu owazijwayele, ubudlova basekhaya, noma izindlu. Ezinye zinikeza usizo olungokomthetho. Hlanganisa izinhlangano ze-probo yodwa yendawo yakini noma yesifundazwe ukuze ufunde ngezinhlelo ze-probono endaweni yakini. Nakuba izinkonzo ze-probono zikhululekile, ngokuvamile zilinganiselwe ngokwesilinganiso noma ngokwenani elikhulu ngenxa yesidingo esikhulu.

Amaphutha Avamile Okumelwe Agwenywe

Ukuqonda izingibe ezivamile kungakusiza ukuba ugweme amaphutha angafaka engozini noma achithe isikhathi nemali yakho.

Izindlela Ezifile Ezingekho

Izinsuku zenkantolo ziqinile futhi azithetheleli. Ukungaqiniseki isikhathi sokuhlela kungaphumela ekususweni kwecala lakho, ukulahlekelwa ilungelo lakho lokudlulisa izicelo, noma ukuba nesahlulelo esinqunyiwe kuwe. Gcina ikhalenda eliningiliziwe lazo zonke izinsuku ezimisiwe, kuhlanganise nokubhala izinsuku, izinsuku zokusabela, izinsuku zokuthola isikhathi, nezinsuku zokuzwa. Beka izikhumbuzo kusengaphambili ukumiswa kwezikhathi ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi unesikhathi sokulungisa izincwadi ezidingekayo.

Uma uqaphela ukuthi uzophuthelwa isikhathi esimisiwe, thintana nenkantolo ngokushesha futhi ucele isandiso. Ngezinye izikhathi izinkantolo zinikeza izingxube zezizathu ezinhle, kodwa kumelwe ubuze ngaphambi kokuba isikhathi sidlule. Ungalokothi uthathe isikhathi esimisiwe esingento noma inkantolo ivume ukuthi izokwenza ngokuvumelana noma ukuthi inkantolo izokwenza ngokuvumelana nemibandela noma igcine isikhathi esinqunyiwe ngaphandle kokuba inkantolo ikutshele ngokuqondile ukuthi uzokwenza okuhlukile.

Ukwehluleka Ukuwasebenzisa Kahle Amaphepha

Inkonzo engafanelekile ingenye yamaphutha avame kakhulu emacaleni asenkantolo. Ngisho noma ulifaka kahle icala lakho, uma ungamkhonzi kahle omunye, inkantolo ayinakuqhubeka. Landela izimfuneko zenkonzo ngokunembile, sebenzisa izindlela ezifanele ohlwini lwecala lakho, nobufakazi benkonzo bamafayela ngokushesha. Uma ungaqiniseki ngezimfuneko zenkonzo, buza izisebenzi zenkantolo noma hlola ingosi yenkantolo ngaphambi kokuzama inkonzo.

Amadokhumende Angaphelele Noma Angenaphutha

Ukubhala amadokhumende angaphelele noma anganembile kungabambezela icala lakho noma kuphumele ekuxoshweni. Hlola wonke amafomu ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokubhala, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amasimu adingekayo aqediwe. Amakheli, izinsuku, nezinombolo. Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi ungaliqeda kanjani ifomu, funa usizo ezikhungweni zenkantolo ezizisizayo noma usizo olungokomthetho kunokuqagela. Gcina amakhophi akho konke okubhaliwe futhi ugcine amarekhodi ahleliwe kulo lonke icala lakho.

Ukungayinaki Iziqondiso Zenkantolo

Imithetho yenkantolo ibopha ngokomthetho futhi kumelwe ilandelwe. Ukunganaki noma ukwephula umthetho wenkantolo kungaphumela ekudeleleni inkantolo, amahlawuli, noma ngisho nesikhathi sokuboshwa. Uma ungenakuvumelana nesiyalo senkantolo, faka i-ace ichaza ukuthi kungani futhi ucele ukulungiswa. Ungamane ushalazele iziyalezo ongavumelani nazo noma ozithola zingakuvumeli − ikhambi elifanele ukucela inkantolo ukuba ishintshe lomyalo, ungawuphulanga.

Ukukhulumisana Okungafanele

Ungalokothi uthintane nomahluleli ngokuqondile ngecala lakho ngaphandle kwecala lenkantolo. Konke ukuxhumana nomahluleli kumelwe kwenzeke enkantolo evulekile noma ngezincwadi ezibhalwe kahle ezihlanganyelwa omunye umkhandlu. Izingxoxo ezihlukene (ukuxhumana okukodwa nomahluleli) ngokuvamile zenqatshelwe futhi zingaphumela emiphumeleni engathi sína. Uma udinga ukuxoxa okuthile nomahluleli, yenza kanjalo ngokuhamba okubhalwe kahle noma ngokuqulwa kwecala okuhleliwe.

Ngokufanayo, qaphela ukuxhumana nenye ingxenye, ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezihilela ubudlova basekhaya noma iziyalezo.

Ukulungiselela Ukuhileleka Kwenkantolo Yesikhathi Eside

Amanye amacala, ikakhulukazi izindaba zomthetho womkhaya noma ukuqulwa kwecala eliyinkimbinkimbi, ahilela ukuhileleka njalo enkantolo izinyanga noma iminyaka. Ukuqonda indlela yokusingatha amacala athatha isikhathi eside kuyasiza ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka futhi kugcine ukugxila.

Ukuhlala Sihlelekile

Yakha isimiso sokuhlela esibanzi secala lakho. Sebenzisa ama-anking, amafaktha, noma izinqubo ze-tec ukuze ugcine zonke izincwadi, izincwadi, ubufakazi, neziqondiso zenkantolo. Yenza uhlelo lwezenzakalo ezihambelana necala lakho. Gcina inombolo yazo zonke izinsuku zenkantolo, ama-screen, nezokuxhumana okubalulekile. Inhlangano enhle yenza kube lula ukuthola ulwazi ngokushesha, ukulungiselela ukuqulwa, nokusabela ekwenzeni kwezehlakalo.

Ukulawula Ukucindezeleka Nemizwelo

Ukulondoloza umbono ngokukhumbula ukuthi leli cala liyingxenye yokuphila kwakho, hhayi kukho konke ukuphila kwakho. Gwema ukulichitha njalo icala noma ukulivumela ukuba lidle sonke isikhathi sakho namandla.

Enkantolo, qaphela imizwelo futhi ugxile emaqinisweni nasezimpikiswaneni ezingokomthetho. Abahluleli benza izinqumo ezisekelwe emthethweni nasebufakazini, hhayi ebunganeni noma ukunxusa okungokomzwelo. Nakuba icala lakho lingase lihilele izindaba zomuntu siqu ezijulile, bheka ukuqulwa kwenkantolo njengomsebenzi nangesizotha ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma uzithola uzizwa uthinteke kakhulu ukuba ucabange kahle, cabangela ukuthi udinga yini ukumelelwa noma ukusekelwa okwengeziwe.

Ukuvumelana Neziqondiso Eziqhubekayo

Amacala ahilela ukusekela izingane, ukuwinwa kwezingane, iziyalezo zokuzivikela, noma izilungiselelo zokukhokha adinga ukuhambisana nokukhokhwa kwenkantolo. Gcina imibhalo eningiliziwe yokulalela kwakho, kuhlanganise nemali ekhokhwayo, izingodo, noma isiqinisekiso sezimfuneko eziqediwe. Uma izimo zishintsha futhi ungasakwazi ukuvumelana nomyalo, hlela ukwenze ushintsho kunokuba umane umise ukuvumelana.

Ngokufanayo, uma omunye engavumelani neziyalo zenkantolo, bhala ukuphulwa kwemithetho futhi ucabangele ukuphoqelela ukuphoqelelwa kwemithetho noma ukwedelelwa. Ungasebenzisi isimiso senkantolo ukunikeza incazelo engagunyazi. Londoloza bonke ubufakazi bokuphulwa, kuhlanganise nokuphucwa kwenkokhelo, ukuhanjelwa, noma ukwehluleka ukulandela iziyalezo zenkantolo.

Izindawo Eziyisihluthulelo Zokuthola Isimiso Senkantolo

Nakuba le nqubo ingase ibonakale inzima, izigidi zabantu zingangena ngokuphumelelayo ezinkantolo unyaka ngamunye ukuze zixazulule izingxabano futhi zivikele amalungelo azo.

  • Bonisa ngokunembile uhlobo lwecala lakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ufaka uhele enkantolo efanele ngezinqubo ezifanele
  • Isimiso sokucwaninga ngokucophelela, sicabangela indawo, izindaba nemingcele yemali
  • Lungiselela ngokucophelela, ngokunembile futhi uwabhale phansi phakathi nayo yonke imibhalo esebenzayo efingqiwe
  • Khonza omunye ngokufaneleyo kanye nohele wobufakazi benkonzo enkantolo
  • Hlola ukuthi ukuzimela kufanelekile yini noma ukuthi udinga usizo lommeli
  • Hlola ezinye izimpikiswano njengezinqumo ezinjengesixazululo ngaphambi kokuqulisa icala
  • Gcina ukuziphatha komsebenzi nokubukeka kwakho kukho konke ukuqulwa kwecala
  • Gcina imibhalo enemininingwane futhi uhlale uhlelekile kuso sonke isimo sakho
  • Landela zonke iziyalezo zenkantolo nezikhathi ezimisiwe ngaphandle kokukhetha
  • Sebenzisa imithombo ekhona ehlanganisa izikhungo zosizo, usizo olungokomthetho, kanye namawebhusayithi asenkantolo
  • Qonda ukuthi izinqubo zenkantolo zithatha isikhathi futhi zidinga isineke nokuphikelela
  • Vikela amalungelo akho ngokuthatha izindaba zenkantolo ngokungathi sína nangokulungiselela ngokucophelela

Isimiso senkantolo sikhona sokunikeza wonke umuntu ukwahlulela ngokulunga, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ucebile noma ulwazi olungokomthetho. Nakuba ukuhamba ngezintambo kungaba yinselele, ikakhulukazi kulabo abazimelelayo, lesi simiso sihlanganisa imithombo eminingi nezivikelo eziklanyelwe ukusiza abantu ukuba bafinyelele usuku lwabo enkantolo. Ngokuqonda izinqubo, ukuhlangabezana nezimfuneko, nokusondela ngenqubo ngokulungiselela nangenhlonipho, ungasebenzisa ngokuphumelelayo isimiso senkantolo ukuxazulula izindaba zomthetho futhi uvikele izithakazelo zakho.

Khumbula ukuthi icala ngalinye lihlukile, futhi ulwazi oluvamile alunakuthatha indawo yeseluleko esikhethekile esingokomthetho ngesimo sakho. Uma ungabaza, thintana nommeli ofanelekayo noma sebenzisa imithombo yemali esemthethweni ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uthatha izinyathelo ezifanele ngenxa yezimo zakho ezithile. Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi nomzamo ekufinyeleleni inqubo yenkantolo ngokufanele kungenza umehluko phakathi kwesinqumo esiphumelelayo nomphumela ophambene.