Ukuqonda Umthetho Wamanzi Nendima Yawo Ekuthuthukeni Kwasemaphandleni

Isimiso samanzi sihlanganisa imithetho, imithetho, nezimiso ezilawula indlela imithombo yamanzi ewabelwe ngayo, esetshenziswa futhi evikelwe ngayo. Kubantu basemaphandleni nabezolimo, lezimiso azizona izincwadi ezingekho ezingokomthetho − zithonya ngokuqondile amathuba okuziphilisa, ukukhiqizwa kokudla, nempilo yendawo ezungezile. Inselele eyisisekelo yesimiso samanzi ihambisana nezimfuno eziphikisanayo: ukunisela ngenkasa, ukunisela imfuyo, ukunisela imfuyo, ukusetshenziswa kwemfuyo kwasekhaya, ukugcinwa kwezemisebenzi yezemisebenzi, nokulondolozwa kwemvelo. Uma iklanywe ngokuphumelelayo, iyakwazi ukubangela ukukhuthuthwa kwesimo sezulu. Uma ikhona ikhona, ingahlanganisa ukulingana kwe-achnquins, i-aces, nezomnotho zasemaphandleni ezindaweni zasemaphandleni.

Ukubaluleka kwesimiso samanzi emaphandleni akunakuchazwa ngokweqile. Izibalo zezolimo cishe zingamaphesenti angu-70 embulunga yonke ekhipha amanzi ahlanzekile, nasemazweni amaningi asathuthuka, ahlanganyela angaphezu kuka-90%. Izindawo zasemaphandleni ngokuvamile azinawo amandla okulawula amanzi alondolozwa ngokungenazimiso ezicacile. Ngenxa yalokho, isimiso samanzi sihlela yonke into kusukela ekukhuleni kwamapulazi amancane asebenza ngokuya embonini, kusukela ezindleleni zokufuduka ukuya emithwalweni yezisebenzi zabesifazane. Ukuqonda inqubo ethinta ngayo lemiphumela ibalulekile kunoma yimuphi umuntu ohilelekile ekuthuthukeni kwasemaphandleni, ekuhleleni imikhiqizo yezolimo yemvelo.

Izinhlobo Zezifo Zamanzi Ezithinta Izindawo Zasemaphandleni

Izimiso zamanzi zisebenza emazingeni amaningi − ezwe, ezwe, ezindaweni, nezindawo(ne) futhi zithatha izindlela ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nemithetho elawulayo, amathuluzi ezomnotho, nezinguquko zezinhlangano. Ngezansi izigaba ezivame kakhulu ezithinta ukuthuthuka kwasemaphandleni nezolimo.

Ukuthutha Nokubekwa Kwamalungelo

Lezimiso zichaza ukuthi ubani ongasebenzisa amanzi, izinjongo, nangaphansi kwaziphi izimo. Zihlanganisa izimiso zangaphambi (ngesikhathi sokuqala, okokuqala-kwesokudla), amalungelo okudabula (ngokusekelwe endaweni), futhi zivumela ukuba kusekelwe ekwabiweni kwayo. Ezindaweni eziningi zasemaphandleni, amalungelo angokomlando, angokomlando awabhaliwe kahle noma asakazwe ngokungenakulinganiswa, ashiya abambalwa nemiphakathi esengozini. Izimiso zesimanje zigcizelela kakhulu ukwabiwa okulinganayo, ngokuvamile ngelayisense echaza imiqulu, isikhathi, nendawo yokuqala phakathi nokuswela. Isibonelo, [[FLT:] ukwakheka kwamanzi [FO’s placeturalm] ugcizelela ukubaluleka kokulingana nokukhula okungalinganiyo emaphandleni asemaphandleni.

Ukujabula Nokufundisa

Ukutshala umkhiqizo womphakathi ezisekelweni zezenhlalo zenkanyezi − ama-canal, amathangi, izimpompo, izimiso zokumpompela amanzi, yithuluzi eliqondile lokukhiqiza ezolimo. Izimiso ze-policies zingase zifake inzuzo ephansi kakhulu, zinikeze imali ebolekwayo yokuthuthukisa intuthuko, noma izindleko zokuthola inzuzo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi isikhashana sisesimweni eside. Izinhlelo ezinkulu zokunisela ngenkasazo zingaguqula izindawo ezomile zibe izikhwama zesinkwa, kodwa futhi zithwale izingozi zokukhuphuzisa amanzi, ukuwa, nokungena emanzini ngokungenakulinganiswa. Izimiso ezisebenzayo zokuziphilisa ngokuqeqesha ukusebenza kwamanzi nokusebenza kahle kwezimiso zomphakathi, njengezinhlangano zamanzi.

Amaphoyisa Endawo Ezungezile Nawavikelayo

Lezimiso zimisa amazinga amancane okugeleza kwemifula, ukuvimbela ukukhishwa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, ukuvikelwa kwamaxhaphozi, nokulawula ukungcola okubangelwa ukukhuphuka kwezolimo. Nakuba ngokuvamile kuklanyelwe ukuthuthukisa imvelo, kunemiphumela eqondile kubalimi. Ngokwesibonelo, imingcele ekusetshenzisweni konompenja wenitrogen ukuze kuncishiswe ukungcoliswa kwamanzi enhlabathini ingashintsha ukujikeleza kwezitshalo noma imishini yokulima ngokunethelekelela. Izimiso zokulondolozwa kwezinto zokulima zihlanganisa nezisusa imfucucucu ezindaweni ezihlala amanzi, ukukhokha isivuno, nokuguqukela ezilimo ezingeni ezingeni ezincutshiwe amanzi. IBhange imithombo yamanzi yamanzi ye-World i-lond i-octive i-atmonetic syncture isting syntifice iss coms.[[[FL:1] umsebenzi oweright directionation traption: 1] issworking coms travorversting trayworkers

Izikhulu Zezomnotho Nezokuchuma

I-pricing, izimali, nezindlela zokuxhasa izimali zincike kulo hlelo. Ngokomlando, ohulumeni abaningi banamanzi aphansi kakhulu ezolimo, aholela ekusebenziseni ngokweqile nasekutholeni inzuzo engakhiyo. Ukushintsha kwezindawo zokuthatha izimali zemali engaphezulu (ukususa imfucumfucu noma ama-stafficess) kukhuthaza ukulondolozwa nokunakekelwa kwemisebenzi nokunakekelwa kwemali. Nokho, ukukhuphuka kwamanani kungathinta kakhulu abalimi abathola imali ephansi ngaphandle kokuba kukhangwe ngesisekelo esinqunyiwe. Izindawo zamanzi, lapho amalungelo ethengwa khona futhi ethengiswa khona, zivela ezifundeni ezinamaqoqo afana nentshona ye-United States ne-Australia. Nakuba zingathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle, zifaka amanzi engozini ezandleni zabalimi ezinkulu ngaphandle kokuba iziqondiso zokukhomba ngaphandle kokuba iziqondiso.

Ithonya Entuthukweni Yasemaphandleni

Isimiso samanzi sithonya ukuthuthuka kwasemaphandleni ngezindlela eziningi: ukutshala izakhiwo, ukukhula kwezomnotho, inhlalakahle yomphakathi, kanye nezindlela zokuzalana kwabantu. Ingxenye ezilandelayo zichaza imiphumela ebaluleke kakhulu.

Ukufundiswa Kwemali Nokuhlala Emaphandleni

I-policies emisa phambili ukunisela ngenkasa nesisekelo sokugcina amanzi idala umsebenzi oqondile ekwakheni nasekulungiseni, kodwa ithonya layo elijule kakhulu lisezingeni lokulima. Amanzi athembekile enza ukuba abalimi bashintshe ezindaweni ezifuyweni zemvula, bakhiqize ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, imikhiqizo ephakeme, izithelo, ubisi, nezitshalo zemali (ezisekela ukuhlelwa kwe-agro-acro, ezothutho, nezinkonzo zemakethengi. Ezindaweni ezifana ne-Saharan Afrika, lapho kufuthwa khona i-6% yezwe elilimiwe, i-ephendla i - International Food Polic Polic Research Institute[[FLD:1]] ibonisa ukuthi izimiso zokuthelisa i-rowaloza zasemaphandleni ngo-2030 [2030]10] ngeshumi leminyaka.

Izimiso zokuhlela zidlulela nangaphandle kokunisela ngenkasa. Ukutholakala kwamanzi nezimiso zokukhucululwa kwendle kubaluleke kakhulu empilweni nasemfundweni yasemaphandleni. Uma imiphakathi ithola amanzi ahlanzekile eduze namakhaya ayo, abesifazane namantombazane bachitha isikhathi esincane bekha amanzi futhi bechitha isikhathi esiningi esikoleni noma besebenza kakhulu. Izinhlangano ezihlanganisa amanzi nokuhlela ezolimo.

Ukuthuthuka Kwezomnotho Nokutholakala Kwayo Emakethe

Ukutholakala kwamanzi aqinile kunciphisa izingozi zokukhiqizwa kwamanzi, okwenza abalimi bakwazi ukutshala imbewu engcono, imiquba, kanye nemishini engcono. Lokhu kuncitshiswa kwengozi kubaluleke kakhulu kakhulu kubantu abambalwa abangenamshuwalense noma imali egciniwe. Izikhulu ezisekela ukugcinwa kwamanzi (umz., amadamu amancane, amadamu amapulazi) noma ukugcwaliswa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba kungavimbela isomiso, okwenza ukuba ithengi elingaguquguquki. Njengoba ukukhiqizwa kwezolimo lokulima kungangenisa inzuzo ekwakheni, ezindaweni ezibandayo, nakomeni, kwakha umjikelezo omuhle wezomnotho.

Isimiso samanzi sithinta futhi izinga lamasimu. Ezindaweni ezinamalungelo alondekile amanzi noma umsebenzi wokunisela ngenkasa, amanani ezwe anyuka, angenza abanini-mhlaba bazuze kodwa futhi akwenze kube nzima kakhulu ukuba abalimi abasha bangene emkhakheni. Izikhulu ezikhuluma ngamazwe aseduze namalungelo amanzi . Ngokunikeza imvume yokuhlala noma abalimi abangenandawo. Ngokungenjalo, intuthuko yasemaphandleni ingathuthukisa ukulingana okukhona.

Impilo, Ukulingana Kwezinhlanga, Nokuhlala Kahle Kwezenhlalo

Ukuhlobana phakathi kwenqubo yamanzi nempilo yasemaphandleni kuyisici esiqinile. Imithombo yamanzi engcoliswe amagciwane ibangela izifo zohudo, okuyimbangela eyinhloko yokufa kwabantwana emazweni asathuthuka. I-digriboff enezibulala zinambuzane nama-nitrate nakho kulula ukulawula ukungcola kwamanzi. I-policies elawula ukudotshwa kwamanzi, ivimbela ukuthathwa kwamanzi, futhi igunyaza ukwelashwa kwamanzi ukuba kuthuthukise ngokuqondile imiphumela yempilo, kunciphise izindleko zempilo nokwanda kwemisebenzi.

Ama-Gender anamandla ahlangene kakhulu nenqubo yamanzi ngoba abesifazane banomthwalo wemfanelo oyinhloko wokuqoqa amanzi, ukunisela imfuyo, futhi ngokuvamile iyingxenye yemisebenzi yasepulazini. Uma imithetho ihlela ukunisela ngenkasa okukhulu ngenxa yokungena kwabambalwa, noma lapho amakomiti amanzi engawafaki abesifazane ekusebenzeni, ukuthwala kwabesifazane nokunqwabelana kwabo kwamathuba abo ezomnotho. Ngokuhlukile, imithetho efuna ukuba izinhlangano zomphakathi zokuphatha amanzi zihlanganise abesifazane, futhi zinikeze amanzi emakhaya kanye nemisebenzi esebenzayo, zinganika abesifazane amandla futhi zithuthukise inhlalakahle yasekhaya. [[FLT:] Ikhasimende lamanzi neyamanzi inikeza ubufakazi bokuthi ukuphatha amanzi awesifayo nawayo amanzi kuveza ukukhuphuzwa kakhulu kwemfundo nemfundo.

Imiklamo Yezibalo Neyezokufuduka

Ukuswelakala kwamanzi (noma izimiso ezihlulekayo ukukusingatha − yi-odoli ababhalwe kahle abathutha emaphandleni ukuya e-urban. Esifundazweni sase-Sahel e-Afrika, isomiso esilandelanayo esihlangene nezimiso zamanzi ezivimbelayo siye sabangela izigidi zabantu ukuba basuke emapulazini baye emadolobheni. Ngokuphambene, izimiso ezitshala izakhiwo ezihlelelwe ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi acocekile nokusekela ezomile kwezolimo yezwe zingasiza ekuqiniseni imiphakathi kwabantu. Emazweni anjengeNdiya, ukwanda kwenkampane yenkatho enamandla elanga kuxhumeke kuzo zombili isilinganiso semibhobhoshongo yamanzi asemhlabeni futhi kunciphe imfucuphe, kuveza ukuhwebelana kwemisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi yokuhweba. Imithetho eyinkimbinkimbi ehambisana nokusetshenziswa kwezindawo zasemaphandleni (uml., ukuvimbela ububanzi noma ukumpompa amakhaya) kungasekela inzuzo yasemaphandleni.

Imiphumela Ezolimo

Isimiso samanzi siwashintsha kakhulu amakhambi ezolimo, kubalimi bakhetha ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ababusebenzisayo nokuzivuselela kwemisebenzi yabo.

Ukukhetha Nokuhlukanisa

Ukutholakala kwamanzi kunqunywe ngokwengxenye enkulu ngenkambiso . Izinqumo ezikhona ezithi izitshalo zingaba khona. Ezifundeni zamanzi-scarce, izimiso ezinikeza amanzi asekelwe ekusetshenzisweni komlando zingabopha abalimi ukuba bakhule ngenani eliphansi, izitshalo ezinamanzi njenge-alfalfa noma ukotini. Ngokuphambene, izimiso ezinikeza ukuguquguquka − njengokuhweba ngamanzi noma izimali ezihlangene zemali-mali(acensics) / ukushintshela emaketheni aphakeme, izitshalo zesomiso ezihambayo njenge-stum, i-fill, noma imikhiqizo ye-oralcural. Abanye ohulumeni baye bathatha izinhlelo zokuthatha izindleko zokuhweba. Ukushintsha imali embonini, ukuphumelela kuxhomeke emakethemini; umlimi angashintsha izitshalo ukuba athathe inqubo ngaphandle kwenqubo yezolimoba.

Izimiso zezinga lamanzi zithinta nokukhetha izitshalo. Usawoti ophakeme ekuniseleni amanzi unciphisa izitshalo ezingakhula, ngokuvamile uphoqelela abalimi ukuba bakhethele ukukhipha inzuzo encane noma badinge ukukhipha inzuzo ebizayo. Inqubo eshibhile ifinyelela kulokhu kuthinta ubuningi bamanzi nobungako − njengokuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi angcolile ezolimo.

Ukukhiqiza Nendlela Yobuchwepheshe Yokusetshenziswa Kwamapulazi

Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi asesimweni esiphambili kusemqoka ekukhiqizweni kwezolimo. Izimiso ezenza amanzi aniselwayo abize kakhulu noma abe yindlala zivame ukukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokunisela amanzi njengenkasa, izinzwa zomswakama wenhlabathi, nokusebenzisa inhlabathi. Nokho, ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe kudinga ukukhokhwa kwemali, ukuqeqeshwa kwezobuchwepheshe, nokunikezwa kwemishini. Izinhlelo eziningi ezincane zibhekene nezithiyo zokwamukela ngisho nobuchwepheshe obulula; izimiso ezihlanganisa inguquko yamanzi kanye nezinkonzo zokunandisa nokusebenzisa imicroffanance zinempumelelo ephakeme kakhulu.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izimiso ezinikeza amanzi amaningi angaphansi zivame ukunqanda ukusebenza kahle. Ezingxenyeni zaseNdiya nasePakistan, ugesi okhululekile noma owenziwe kakhulu wokumpompa amanzi angaphansi komhlaba uye waholela ekuncipheni kwesilinganiso somthamo wesivuno futhi unciphe isivuno ngakuwo wonke amanzi. Ukuguqula izimali ezinjalo kunzima kodwa kubalulekile ekukhiqizeni isikhathi eside. USDA] ukucwaninga ngenkasazo [[ kubonisa ukuthi ngisho nokwanda okulinganiselwe ekusebenziseni amanzi ngempumelelo."ukuhlelwa nokunakekelwa okungcono kwesimiso sesimiso sezentengo.[Q]

Imikhuba Esekelayo Nobuphathi Bendawo Ezungezile

Izimiso zokulawula zivame ukuhlongoza ukunciphisa ukuhlelwa kwendawo ezungezile kwezolimo. Ngokwesibonelo, izimfuneko zesithiyo eziseduze nemifula, imingcele yokukhuculula izakhi, nemithetho yokuchitha ukuvuselelwa kwayo yonke injongo yokuvikela imvelo yasemanzini ekungcoleni kwezolimo. Lemithetho ingandisa izindleko kubalimi ngesikhathi esifushane, kodwa futhi idala amathuba okuvuselela izinto. Imikhuba efana nokunisela ngenkasa, ukunqanda amanzi, nokulondolozwa komzimba, kanye nokuncishiswa kwezakhi zomzimba, futhi ithuthukise ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ngendlela ephumelelayo, ngokuvamile iveza izinzuzo zezomnotho ezithatha isikhathi eside.

Izinhlelo zokukhokhelwa kwezinkonzo zemvelo (pes) ziyinqubo enika abalimi umvuzo wokulondoloza imithombo yamanzi(umz., ukulondoloza izindawo ezingamaxhaphozi, ukugawula amahlathi, noma ukwamukela imikhuba yokungcolisa okuphansi. Izinhlelo ezinjalo ziye zasetshenziswa eCosta Rica, eChina, nase-European Union, futhi zinemiphumela exubile kodwa ethembisayo. Isihluthulelo siwukwakha izinhlelo ze-PES ezixhaswe ngokwaneleyo, ezibonisayo, futhi ezihloselwe ezindaweni lapho izinzuzo zendawo ezungezile nezolimo zinkulu khona.

Izinselele Ekusetshenzisweni Kwamanzi

Naphezu kwezinzuzo ezingaba khona, ngokuvamile izimiso zamanzi ziyahluleka ukufinyelela imigomo yazo ngenxa yezinselele ezijulile.

Ukuhamba Kwemali Nesimo Sezulu

Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kubhebhethekisa ukungenzeki kwamanzi atholakalayo, okwenza ukuba ukulinganisela okungokomlando kuphelelwe isikhathi. Isomiso samanzi esivamile nesinzima sinciphisa amanzi angaphezulu, kuyilapho imvula eguquguqukayo iphazamisa ukuvuselelwa kwezinqolobane zamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Amapulani aklanyelwe izimo ezizinzile akhubazeke kakhulu awaqiniseki kahle ngokwesikhathi esizayo. Amazwe amaningi manje abuyisela izimiso zawo zamanzi ukuze ahlanganise izilinganiso zesimo sezulu, adinga ukulawulwa kwezindawo ezivumelanayo nemithetho eguquguqukayo. Emiphakathini yasemaphandleni, ukuntuleka kwalezo zimo ezimile kusho ukulahlekelwa izitshalo, ukufa kwemfuyo, nokushelwa.

Ukulingana Nokutholakala

Ukunikeza imvume yokusakaza amanzi ngokulinganayo kungenye yezinselele ezinkulu zesimiso. Imisebenzi emikhulu yokulima, abasebenzisa amanzi emadolobheni, izingxenye zezimboni − ngokuvamile ithatha inqubo yenqubo, ishiya abaphethena, abelusi, nemiphakathi yabo bakhona bengenayo imingcele elinganiselwe. Ngisho nalapho imithetho ebizwa ngokuthi ivikela amaqembu asengozini, ukugcinwa kwemithetho kubuthakathaka ngenxa yenkohlakalo noma ukuhluleka kwemisebenzi. Ukuhlukaniswa kwezindawo okungokomthetho kuhlanganisa olunye ungqimba: abesifazane bavame ukukhishwa ezinhlanganweni zabasebenzisi bamanzi nasemikhakheni yezimiso, ngisho noma bengabasebenzisi bamanzi abayinhloko emongweni eminingi.

Izinkinga zokunambitha amanzi zidlulela nakukuphathwa kwamanzi ahamba ngaphesheya. Imifula kanye nezindawo ezinqamula imingcele yezombangazwe − njengeNayile, Indus, neMekong . Izikhulu ezimisa ukushukuma kwemifula ukuze kusetshenziswe amanzi empompolo zingalimaza imiphakathi yemifula, zibangele izingxabano eziphazamisa ukuqina kwezindawo nasemaphandleni.

Ukubusa Nokuhlukana Kwezinhlangano

Ukuphatha amanzi ngokuvamile kuhilela izinhlangano eziningi zikahulumeni , indawo ezungezile, amandla, umphakathi usebenza ngemithetho ehlukene noma engqubuzanayo. Ukungaxhumani kuholela ezimisweni eziphikisanayo: ngokwesibonelo, ukumpompa amanzi angaphansi kwamanzi alulaza ukulawulwa kokulondoloza imvelo. Izindawo zamanzi ezingahlelekile ziye zavezwa njengekhambi, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwazo kuyahamba futhi kungenisa inzuzo. Izindawo eziningi zasemaphandleni azinazo izinhlangano zendawo ezidinga ukuphatha amanzi ngokubambisana, futhi ngisho nalapho kunezinhlangothi ezisebenzisa amanzi zikhona, zingase zibe negunya elingokomthetho noma elingokwezimali.

Ukungahleleki Kwezomnotho Nezomnotho Zezombangazwe

Izakhiwo zamanzi zidinga ukutshala izimali ezinkulu, amazwe amaningi asathuthuka angenakuzithenga ngaphandle kokusekela kweminikelo noma izimali zomuntu siqu. Ngisho nalapho imisebenzi yakhiwa, izindleko zokulungisa zivame ukunganakwa, okuholela ekuwohlokeni okusheshayo. Izinguquko ezisheshayo zibhekana nokuphikiswa okukhulu kwezombangazwe: abalimi abaye bathola amanzi angaphansi kwamashumi eminyaka bamelana nanoma isiphi isinyathelo esiholela ekululameni, futhi ohulumeni besaba ukuncishiswa kwemali. Imijikelezo emifushane yezombangazwe ivame ukuvimbela ukuzibophezela okudingekayo ekulungiseni inqubo yamanzi ethatha isikhathi eside.

Amathuba Okuhogela Amanzi Okushintsha

Naphezu kwalezi zinselele, izindlela ezintsha zobuchwepheshe zinikeza izindlela ezithembisayo zokuthuthukisa isimiso samanzi ekuthuthukeni nakwezolimo emaphandleni.

Ukuphathwa Kwamanzi Ngemishini Nangamanzi Asezingeni Eliphansi

Ukuzwa kude, ukuhlola umswakama wenhlabathi, ukubikezela isimo sezulu, kanye namapulatifomu ahambayo kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukubheka ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi esikhathini esiseduze naso nasenqulwini ephezulu. Imithetho esekela ukwenziwa kwala mathuluzi (ngokusekela ukuxhaswa kwemali), ukusekela, ukubambisana, noma ukuqeqeshwa kobuchwepheshe kwenza abalimi bakwazi ukusebenzisa amanzi ngokunembile lapho edingeka khona, ukunciphisa ukungcola nokukhuphuka. Ukuhlola kwamanzi kungathuthukisa ukubonakala futhi kunciphe ingxabano. Ohulumeni bakwa-Israelda, Jordan, nezingxenye ze-Indiya kakade seziqondisa izimiso ezinjalo. [[FLT:] I-UN I-UN] i-Preast Creage que que metic Climate igcizelela ukuthi ukuhlola kohlelo lwezinqubo yamanzi kuyagxeka ekulungiseni isimo sezulu esishintsha isimo.

Ukuphathwa Kwamanzi Okusekelwe Emphakathini

Ukuthatha izinyathelo ezilula zokuthatha indawo yokwenza izinqumo emphakathini, ngokuvamile kuholela ekuqondiseni umongo ofaneleke kakhulu nasemiphumeleni elinganayo. Ama-asheshi amanzi, abasebenzi, abasebenzi, namakomiti acwiliswayo angaphatha imithombo yendawo, abophe imithetho, futhi aphakamise izimali zokunakekela. Izikhulu ezigunyaza ngokomthetho lamaqembu, ziwanikeza ukuqeqeshwa nokusekela kobuchwepheshe, futhi ziqinisekise ukumelelwa kwabesifazane namaqembu ahlukene kuye kwabonakala kuphumelela emazweni amaningi, kuhlanganise neNepal, i-Senegal, nePeru. Izikhulu zezenhlalo zakha futhi inhloko - dolobha yezenhlalo, ewusizo ngenxa yokusebenza ngalé kwamanzi, njengokusekelanazohwebo noma amaqembu okugcina imali.

Ukushintsha Kwezimo Zezilimi Zamanzi Nesimo Sezulu

Izimiso ezikhuthaza ukuchuma kwezolimo lwezulu zingalungisa ukuswelakala kwamanzi, umkhiqizo, kanye nokuzivuselela. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukusekela izinhlobo zezitshalo ezizodwa, ezolimo (izindawo ezingaphansi kwesomiso, isimbozo senhlabathi esihlala njalo, ukujikeleza kwezitshalo), ukuvuleka, kanye nezimiso zemfuyo ezihlangene. Ukuvuthwa kwamanzi kungalungisa izindlela zokuhlola amadamu, ukuthatha amageja ahambayo, nokudla okuthayinwa ngenkasa ngesikhathi sokoma.

Ukudla okunamanzi angenamsoco kwe-Nexus kuyasondela

Amanzi, amandla, nezimiso zokudla zixhumene kakhulu, futhi izimiso ezizihlelayo ngokuzihlukanisa zivame ukuveza imiphumela engahlongozwanga. Ngokwesibonelo, ukukhuthaza i-biofel ngaphandle kokucabangela i-pastripg ingabangela ukuswelakala kwamanzi. Indlela ye-nexus ikhuthaza ukuhlanganiswa kwe-expactive-expactal: ukuhlela ugesi ekumpompeni amanzi asemhlabeni ngenkasa, ukuhlanganisa amanzi awenzelwe ukuba abe khona, nokusungula ukukhiqiza i-odrona ukuze kunciphe amandla amanzi. Uhlelo lwamanzi-Ergy Nexmark Nex] lunikeza amathuluzi nezifundo zokuthinga okunjalo, okuthuthukisa inzuzo ngo-2010]

Isiphetho: Ubuciko Bamanzi Bekusasa Lasemaphandleni Elihle

Isimiso samanzi asiwona amandla angokobuchwepheshe okuvimbela amanzi − iyithonya eliwujuqu ekulolongeni ukuhlangana kwezomnotho zasemaphandleni, izimiso zezolimo, nendawo ezungezile. Ubufakazi bubonisa ukuthi uma izimiso zihlanganiswa, zivumelana, futhi zisekelwe kumaqiniso endawo, zingavula izinzuzo zokuguqula: ukuvuleka kwezitshalo, izindlela zokuphila ezihlukene, impilo ethuthukisiwe, ukuhlaliswa kokuthutha, nokuhlangana kwezenhlalo okunamandla. Ngokuphikisana nalokho, kuklanywe kabi noma kulawulwa izimiso ezisetshenziswa ngokungenakulinganiswa ezilawula ubumpofu, imvelo, ukuthoba imvelo, nokungavumelani.

Indlela engaphambili idinga ukuqhubekela phambili, ukufinyelela ezingeni eliphezulu ekuhlanganiseni izakhiwo ezihlanganisa ukwabiwa kwekheli, izakhiwo, ipringi, nokulondolozwa kwezindawo ngendlela evumelanayo. Kusho ukutshala izinhlangano kanye namapayipi, kanye nabantu kanye nobuchwepheshe. Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kudinga ukuba izimiso zezimiso zezimiso zivumelane futhi zibheke phambili, ngezindlela ezakhelwe phambili zokuhlola, ukufunda, nokulungisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusho ukusekela amazwi emiphakathini yasemaphandleni − ikakhulukazi abesifazane, izibambisimende, kanye namaqembu abomdabu, qhawe, futhi kunezinqumo ezibumba umcebo wabo obaluleke kakhulu. Uma kulapho kusebenza isimiso samanzi, kusebenza njengethuluzi lokuthuthukisa nokuphepha.