Iziphambano Zokubusa: Lapho Ukwethamela Umbuso Nokuthembeka Kuqhubeka

Nsuku zonke, izikhulu zomphakathi zibhekana nezinqumo ezivivinya isisekelo sokuzimisela kwazo inkonzo yomphakathi. Lezi akuzona izinqumo ezicacile phakathi kokulungile nokungalungile, kodwa izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi lapho kungqubuzana kwezindinganiso ezimbili noma ngaphezulu. Isimiso esisebenza iningi singalimaza idlanzana elisengozini. Isithembiso sokubona kahle singaphikisana nokulondeka kwesizwe. Ubuhlobo bomuntu siqu nenkampani bungadala ukuxabana okungenakugwenywa kwesithakazelo. Lokhu kuyizinkinga ezingokokuziphatha, futhi kuxutshaniswa nezindlela zokulawula. Indlela lezi zikhathi ezichaza ngayo imisebenzi yazo siqu kodwa nokuthemba komphakathi ezikhungweni ezisebenza kuzo zonke izikhundla. Enkundleni yayo yonke ingxabano eyisisekelo: ukubiza umsebenzi kanye nokuzimo engokomuntu siqu. Lesi sihloko sihlola izinselele, ukucubunga izinselele ezivamile zezimiso zezimiso zezimiso zomthetho kanye nokuzibophoko lomphakathi lapho kunikezwa izibopho eziwusizo.

Ukuqonda Izinkinga Ezingokomthetho Kuhulumeni

Inkinga yezimiso zokuziphatha, ngokwencazelo, ihlanganisa isimo lapho umuntu kumelwe akhethe phakathi kwezimiso ezimbili ezingqubuzanayo zokuziphatha, ngayinye yazo esebenzayo futhi engalawuleki. Engxenyeni yomuntu siqu, izinkinga ezinjalo zivame ukuthinta ababambi nabathengi. Kuhulumeni, izigxobo ziyakhuliswa: ukukhetha kwesikhulu esisodwa kungathinta ukuphila, ukuphepha, namalungelo ezigidi. Izingqinamba ezingokohulumeni lapho izimfuno zemisebenzi yomphakathi ziphakama lapho kulandela iziyalezo, ukulondoloza impumelelo, noma ukuvikela ukwaziswa okuyimfihlo okumelene nezinkolelo zomuntu siqu zokuziphatha noma izindinganiso zokuziphatha ezibanzi ezifana nobulungisa, ukwethembeka, nobulungisa.

Izigaba ezivamile zalezi zinkinga zihlanganisa:

  • Izici zesithakazelo: Isimo lapho izithakazelo zomphathi noma zezimali zingathonya ngokungafanele izenzo zabo ezingokomthetho.
  • Ukufumbathisa nokufumbathisa: Ukusetshenziswa kabi kwehhovisi lomphakathi ukuze kuzuze ngasese, kusukela ekukhokheleni imali ngokusobala kuya enkathazweni efihlwayo noma emsebenzini ozayo.
  • [[QULT:0] Isidingo sokutshela umphakathi ngezindaba zomuntu siqu, ukulondeka kwesizwe, noma inqubo yokuzifihla.
  • ukulandisa nomthwalo wemfanelo:[ Ukunquma ukuthi ubani othwala umthwalo uma izinto zingahambi kahle, ikakhulukazi uma izinqumo zenziwa ngamakomiti noma ulwazi olungaphelele.
  • Ukubhudla:[ Isinqumo sokubika ububi ngaphakathi kuhulumeni, ngokuvamile ngengozi enkulu yomuntu siqu, ngokuqhathaniswa nokuhlala uthembekile kusebenza nabo naseqenjini.
  • Imithombo ihlukanise: inquma indlela yokwabela amaqembu anciphisanayo nafanelekayo.

Ngenxa yokuthi lezi zinkinga zigcwele yonke indawo, isimiso esiqinile sokuziphatha asiyona indida kunoma ubani osemsebenzini womphakathi. Ngaphandle kwakho, izikhulu zisengozini yokwenza izinqumo ezingekho ngokomthetho kodwa ezingekho ngokomthetho kodwa ezingokokuziphatha, ziqeda ukuthembana okubekwa izakhamuzi kuhulumeni wazo.

Indima Yemisebenzi Kuhulumeni

Isibopho kuhulumeni singumqondo oxubene. Uhlanganisa izibopho ezingokomthetho ezibekwe yimithetho nezimiso, imithwalo yemfanelo yobuchwepheshe kusebenza nabo nakuleyonhlangano, nemisebenzi yokuziphatha evela kunembeza womuntu nakulokho okulindelwe umphakathi. Izikhulu eziningi, umsebenzi ungumqondisi onamandla − unikeza ukucaca nenjongo. Kodwa umsebenzi ungaba ugibe. Isidingo sokulandela iziyalezo, ukuhlangabezana nezisulu, noma ukuvikela izimali zomphakathi zingaphazamisa isahlulelo somthetho ngamunye, kuholele ezinqumweni ezizwakala zingalungile kodwa zibonakala zingenakugwenywa.

Izinhlobo Zezikhulu Zomsebenzi Kumelwe Zihlangane

  • Imisebenzi yezentengiselwano: Isibopho sokusekela umthetho, kuhlanganise nomthetho-mthetho-sisekelo, imithetho, imithetho, neziyalezo zenkantolo. Lezi azinakugwenywa kodwa zingaphikisana neminye imisebenzi. Ngokwesibonelo, umthetho ungagunyaza isenzo esithile isikhulu esikholelwa ukuthi siyingozi emphakathini.
  • Imisebenzi yemisebenzi: Imithwalo yemfanelo kusebenza nabo, abaqondisi, nomsebenzi wokuqondisa umphakathi ngokwawo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa inqubo enjengokuphumelela, ukungakhethi, nokufihla imfihlo. Abavuzi bemicu bavame ukubhekana nokungqubuzana okubuhlungu phakathi kokwethembeka komsebenzi wobungcweti nesibopho sokuziphatha.
  • Imisebenzi engokomthetho: izibopho ezingokomthetho ezisuka ezinkolelweni zomuntu siqu, ezingokwenkolo, noma izimiso zendawo yonke ezinjengobulungisa, ukwethembeka, nenhlonipho. Ngezinye izikhathi lemisebenzi ingafuna ukuba isikhulu senqabe ukuvumelana nomthetho noma uhlelo olungalungile.

Inselele iwukuthi lemisebenzi ayivumelani ngaso sonke isikhathi. Umsebenzi ongokomthetho wokulungisa imvume ephikiswayo ungase ungqubuzane nomsebenzi wokulondoloza indawo ezungezile. Umsebenzi wobuchwepheshe wokulondoloza imfihlo ye-dmini kungathiwa ungqubuzana nesibopho sokuziphatha sokuxwayisa umphakathi ngengozi yokuphepha. Ezimweni ezinjalo, izikhulu kumelwe zihlole ukubaluleka okulinganiselwe kwesibopho ngasinye futhi zinqume ukuthi imuphi umsebenzi ofanele ukubekwa kuqala. Lokhu kuwumsuka wokucabanga ngokokuziphatha kuhulumeni.

Ubuqotho Ekwenzeni Isinqumo: Ikhono Lokwethenjwa Komphakathi

Ubuqotho buvame ukuchazwa njengokwenza into elungile ngisho nalapho kungekho muntu obukele. Kodwa kuhulumeni, ubuqotho kumelwe futhi busho ukwenza into elungile lapho abaningi bebukele, lapho ukucindezela kokuhlehla kunzima, futhi lapho imiphumela yokuhluleka inzima. Ubuqotho buwukunamathela njalo ezimisweni zokuziphatha nezimiso zezimiso zezimiso ze-(ubuqotho, ukungaguquguquki, ukulandisa, nenhlonipho.

Izingxenye Zobuqotho

  • Ukuqamba amanga:[ Ukuba neqiniso kuzo zonke izixoxo, kusukela embikweni ongokomthetho kuya ezilayelweni zomphakathi. Ukwethembeka kusho futhi ukugwema ukushiyeka ngamabomu noma ukudukisa iqophelo. Izindleko zamanga angalimaza ukuthembeka kwenhlangano.
  • Ubuqotho:[ Ukuphatha zonke izakhamuzi, izisebenzi, nabagcini bezindawo ngokulinganayo. Ukulunga kudinga ukwenza izinqumo ngokungakhethi, ngaphandle kobandlululo, ukukhetha, noma ubandlululo. Kusho futhi ukusebenzisa imithetho njalo futhi unikeze wonke umuntu ukuzwa okuhle.
  • Ukulandisa: ukuthatha umthwalo wemfanelo ngezinqumo nezenzo zomuntu, kuhlanganise nokuvuma amaphutha nokuzilungisa. Ukulandisa kuhlanganisa nokuba sobala ngokuthi izinqumo zenziwa kanjani nokuthi yiziphi izici ezicatshangelwayo.
  • [ Ukukholisa: Ukuzimisela ukumelela izimiso zokuziphatha, ngisho noma ukwenza kanjalo kubiza bona ngokwabo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa isibindi sokuthi cha eziyalweni ezingafanele, ukubika ububi, noma ukubekela inselele yesinqumo esilimaza isithakazelo somphakathi.

Ubuqotho abusona isici esiqinile; kumelwe buhlakulelwe futhi buqiniswe. Ngaphandle kobuqotho, ngisho nesibopho esizigcina siphelele singaholela ekuhlulekeni kwezimiso zokuziphatha. Ngobuqotho, izikhulu zingasebenzisa izinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi ngaphandle kokudela ikhampasi yazo zokuziphatha noma ukwethemba komphakathi.

Izinkinga Ezivamile Kuhulumeni: Izinselele Zezwe Langempela

Izikhulu zikahulumeni kuwo wonke amazinga − indawo, umbuso, uhulumeni, nezwe lonke − zibhekene nezinselele eziphindaphindwayo zezimiso zokuziphatha. Ukuqaphela lezi zindlela kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokuzisingatha ngokuphumelelayo.

  • Intethelelo yesithakazelo: Uma inzuzo yomuntu siqu noma yemali iphazamisa `noma ibonakale iphazamisa] ngemisebenzi engokomthetho. Ngokwesibonelo, ilungu lomkhandlu wedolobha elinenkampani yokwakha lingase lilingeke ukuba liqhubele izivumelwano enkampanini yalo. Ngisho noma zizenza zona ngokwazo, ukungazithembi kungalimaza ukuthembana.
  • Ukuvuthuza: Inkinga yokuthi ungabika ukuziphatha okungekho emthethweni noma okungahloniphekile kuhulumeni. Abacuphi bavame ukubhekana nokuphindisela, ukuhlukaniswa, nomonakalo emisebenzini yabo, kodwa izenzo zabo zingaba yisidingo ekudaluleni ukonakala noma izingozi zokuphepha.
  • Ukuthola kanye nethonya: Ukulinganisela ukufakwa okungokomthetho kwamaqembu esithakazelo kanye nesithakazelo somphakathi obanzi. Izikhulu kumelwe zigweme ukuthunjwa ababambi bamapayipi abanamandla kuyilapho zisacabangela imibono yazo.
  • Imithombo: Ukwenza ukukhetha okunzima mayelana nendlela yokusebenzisa amadollar entela alinganiselwe. Uma kungadingeka ukuba imali iye esikoleni esisha noma ilungise imigwaqo? Ingabe umnyango wezempilo ungenza isifo esiyivelakancane noma isimo esivamile kodwa esingavinjelwa? Lezi zinqumo zihilela kokubili izimiso zokuziphatha (imvume, i-ecty) kanye nokuhweba okusebenzayo.
  • [[QUT:0]] Imithetho enjengenkululeko yolwazi i-v. imfihlo: Ukungavumelani phakathi kwelungelo lomphakathi lokwazi nesidingo sokuvikela ulwazi oluzwelayo. Izikhulu kumelwe zisebenzise imithetho enjengenkululeko yolwazi Act iphinde ibhekisele ekusithekeni nasekulondekeni kwesizwe.
  • Ukucindezela kobuProtalic nokwehlukana: Lapho izikhulu ezimisiwe zifuna ukuba zithathe isinyathelo ngendlela yokukhetha, noma zithande abasekeli phezu komphakathi, umsebenzi wazo ukukhonza zonke izakhamuzi ngokufanayo ungavivinywa.

Ukuhlola Izinkinga Zengqondo: Izifundo Ezivela Emkhubeni

Izibonelo zezwe langempela zicacisa ubunkimbinkimbi nezici zokwenza izinqumo ezingokokuziphatha kuhulumeni. Izenzakalo ezilandelayo, ngenkathi zingaziwa noma zishintshwa emibhalweni yomphakathi, zibonisa izindlela ezifanayo.

Ukutadisha Icala 1: Isivumelwano SikaMayor

UMmeli u-Mayanderson wayenomthwalo wokukhokhela isivumelwano sokuphatha udoti esasingenisa imali. Imali ephansi yavela enkampanini eyayinendoda eyisisebenzi esingumngane neyayinikela ngomkhankaso. Umaya kwadingeka akhethe phakathi kokunikeza isivumelwano kumncintiswano ofanelekayo nokubonakala enikeza inzuzo yomuntu siqu. Ngisho noma ayeqiniseka ukuthi inkampani yomngane wakhe yayingenza umsebenzi, wayazi ukuthi ukukhetha kwakuzokwehlisa ukwethenjwa komphakathi. Wayezibeka icala ngesinqumo, kodwa uma ayengazange ayenze, wayeyobhekana nempi engathi sína. Lesi senzakalo siqokomisa ukubaluleka kokubona ukukhanya nokuzisola, ngisho nalapho kungekho ubandlululo.

Ukutadisha Indaba 2: Usizi Lomculi Wesibhakela

Umhlaziyi we-Nzalo Evikela I-Evironmental Maria wathola ukuthi inkampani yakhe yayiye yashintsha ukwaziswa ukuze inciphise izingozi zokusebenzisa amakhemikhali angenayo engxenyeni yamanzi yendawo. Ukubikela lokhu kungaholela ekuphindiseleni: ukuzihlukanisa, ukudilizwa, noma ngisho nokuxoshwa. Ukuthula, nokho, kungafaka engozini impilo yezinkulungwane zemikhaya. Ngemva kokubuzana nomphathi wezomthetho nommeli, wanquma ukufaka imithetho yokuzisola engokomthetho ngezindlela ezifanele. Wabhekana nezinyanga zokuhlukunyezwa kodwa ekugcineni imininingwane yalungiswa, futhi isikhungo saqala ukuphatha okusha. Indaba yakhe igcizelela isibindi esingoko okudingekayo ukuze avuse impempeleni kanye nokubaluleka kwe [[FLT:] i-bustrupper . [[FLT]]

Ukuhlolwa Kwecala 3: Umsizi Womthetho

Isikhulu se-State Senator Rivera safinyelelwa umkhangisi ohlatshwe kahle omelela imboni kaphethiloli. Umkhaphi wacela iminikelo nezithembiso zomsebenzi wesikhathi esizayo ukuze asekele umthetho ozolimaza imithetho yendawo ezungezile. Umphathi wenkampani wakholelwa ukuthi izimali ziyolimaza umoya namanzi kazwelonke, kodwa ukuwenqaba kungase kucasule abanikeli abanamandla futhi kumlimaze amathuba okuzifaka. Ngemva kokuphenya, wakwenqaba ukusebenzelana futhi waveza obala izicelo zomshicileli. Lendaba ibonisa isilinganiso somthetho phakathi kokuthola imvume esemthethweni ne-quid probox, nesidingo esinamandla [[FLT:] izimali nemithetho yezentengiselwano. [FLD:]

Izinyathelo Zokulinganisela Umthwalo Nobuqotho

Ukunquma izinkinga zezimiso zokuziphatha kudinga okungaphezu kwezinhloso ezinhle. Izikhulu kumelwe ziqashe amasu acacile ahlanganisa umsebenzi nobuqotho nokwenza izinqumo zansuku zonke. Izinqubo ezilandelayo zingasiza:

  • bhala uhlelo lwezimiso zomuntu siqu: bhala izimiso eziyinhloko eziqondisa izinqumo zakho (njengendlela yokukholeka, yokulunga, inkonzo, nokulandisa.
  • Sebenzisa izifanekiso zokwenza izinqumo zokuziphatha: Esinye isibonelo esilula ukubuza: (1) Ayini amaqiniso? (2) Yiziphi izimiso zokuziphatha ezisengozini? (3) Ubani ozothinteka? (4) Iyiphi indlela engingakhetha ngayo? (5) Iyiphi indlela elinganisela kahle umsebenzi nobuqotho?
  • Ukuxhumana ngokukhululekile:[ kukhuthaza osebenza nabo ukuba baphakamise ukukhathazeka ngaphandle kokwesaba. Lungisa izindlela eziphephile zemibuzo yezimiso, njengezintambo ezishisayo ezingaziwa noma iziphathi eziphethe.
  • Funa abaluleki nabaqondisi abathenjwayo: Xoxa ngezinkinga nezikhulu ezingomakad ’ ebona noma izikhulu zezimiso eziye zaxabana nezindaba ezifanayo. Umbono wabo ungakhanyisa amabala afihlekile.
  • Imfundo eqhubekayo yezimiso zokuziphatha: Izimiso aziyona indaba yokuqeqesha yesikhathi esisodwa. Izindawo zokusebenzela, izingxoxo zezendaba, nokuhlela imithetho nezimiso kugcina imicabango engokwezimiso ibalulekile.
  • Yenza ukuba kube lula ngokwephutha: Uma ungabaza, uphambuka ohlangothini lwenkululeko. Izinqumo zesandla, ukudalula izingxabano ezingase zivele, nokuchaza ukucabanga okubangela ukukhetha okuphikiswayo.

Lamacebo awalona isisekelo esiqinisekile, kodwa akha isiko lapho kuxoxwa khona ngezimiso zokuziphatha, kubhekwa njengobalulekile, futhi kuqiniswa khona.

Ukubaluleka Kokuqeqesha Uhulumeni

Ukuqeqesha kwe-othoni akuyona indlela yokuzivivinya ye-CPR; kuyisici esiyisisekelo sokulawula okuhle. Ngokuvamile, ukuqeqeshwa kwezimiso zokuziphatha kuncishiswa kube i-video yokugwema ukufumbathisa noma inkulumo eyomile ngemithetho edinga ukuthakazelelwa kwengxabano. Nakuba ukuvuma ngokomthetho kubalulekile, ukuqeqeshwa okuphumelelayo kujula kakhulu ngokwakha ukuqaphela kokuziphatha, amakhono okucabanga, nokwahlulela okuwusizo.

Izingxenye Zesimiso Sokuqeqesha Izimiso Eziphumelelayo

  • Izikhungo zomsebenzi ekwenzeni izinqumo zezimiso:['''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
  • Ukuhlolwa kwe-Case ukucubungula: Ekuhlolweni okujulile kwezenzo zobuhlazo zezimiso zokuziphatha zangaphambili noma impumelelo, kuhlanganise nomongo, ukukhetha okwenziwe, nemiphumela.
  • Izimo ezidlalayo:[ izifanekiso eziphoqelela abenzi bezinqumo ukuba benze izinqumo ngaphansi kokucindezeleka, ngokunqandwa kwesikhathi nokwaziswa okungaphelele, ukulingisa ubuqiniso benkonzo yomphakathi.
  • Ukuchaza imiphumela yangempela yezwe: Iziqephu ezihlanganisa izimiso ezingabonakali nethonya eliqinisekile ekuphileni kwezakhamuzi, ukwethemba umphakathi, nedumela lezemisebenzi.
  • i-Ethics enikeza umeluleki: Ukuhlangana kwezikhulu ezintsha nabanokuhlangenwe nakho abaziwa ngobuqotho bazo, ukunikeza indawo ephephile yokubuza imibuzo nokufuna isiqondiso.

Izinhlangano zezimiso zokuziphatha ezihola, njenge- U.S. Office of Government Ethics, inikeza imithombo nemikhuba emihle kakhulu engahlelwa yizinhlangano kuwo wonke amazinga. Ukutshala imali kulokhu kungukutshala imali esemthethweni nasekuphumeleleni kukahulumeni ngokwawo.

Ukwakha Isiko Lezimiso Zokuziphatha: Indima Yokuhola

Ubuqotho bomuntu ngamunye bubalulekile, kodwa kumelwe busekelwe yisiko lezezimiso ezibalulekile zokuziphatha. Ukuqondisa kunendima enkulu ekubekeni isimilo. Uma izikhulu eziphakeme zilingisa ukuziphatha okuhle (ngokuvuma amaphutha, ukwenqaba amasheya, nokuphatha izisebenzi ngokufanelekile), ziphawula ukuthi ubuqotho buyinto ephambili, hhayi ngemva kokucabanga.

Impucuko eqinile yezimiso zokuziphatha ihlanganisa izimiso ezicacile, abeluleki bezimiso ezifinyelelekayo, nemiphumela enengqondo ngenxa yokwephulwa kwemithetho. Kusho futhi ukugubha imikhosi yezimiso zezimiso, hhayi nje ukuphumelela kwezezombangazwe. Izikhulu zikahulumeni zingakhipha imibiko yaminyaka yonke yezimiso zokuziphatha, zikha amasu ukuze zifezeke, futhi ziqinisekise ukuthi abafuyi bempepho bayavikelwa futhi banconywe. Lezi zinyathelo zithumela umyalezo onamandla: kulenhlangano, ukuziphatha akuyona indinganiso.

Isiphetho: Umsebenzi Ongantengi Wobuqotho Kuhulumeni

Izinkinga zesayensi yomphakathi kuhulumeni azizona izimo ezingekho; ziyinqubo yenkonzo yomphakathi. Ukungashabalali phakathi komsebenzi nobuqotho akusoze kwaphela, futhi akudingeki. Lokho kucindezeleka kuphoqelela izikhulu ukuba zicabange ngokuhluzekile, zicabangele imibono eminingi, futhi zilwele izinqumo ezinengqondo nengaqondakali ngokomthetho. Umgomo awukho ukuqeda izingqinamba, kodwa ukuzilawula ngokuhlakanipha, isibindi, nokubonakala.

Ngokuqonda isimo sezingxabano zezimiso zokuziphatha, ukwamukela isilinganiso esigcwele semisebenzi yazo, nokuzibamba ziqinile ebuqothweni, izikhulu zikahulumeni zingazuza futhi zigcine ukwethenjwa umphakathi. Ukuqeqeshwa komphakathi, ukuhola okusekelayo, kanye nempucuko eqinile yenhlangano kunikeza isisekelo salowomzamo. Ekugcineni, zonke izinqumo ziyisithiyo sokwakha (noma isisekelo) sokubusa kwentando yeningi. Ukukhetha kokulinganisela umsebenzi nobuqotho kusesikhulu ngasinye, nsuku zonke, ngezenzo.

Kulabo abafuna ukujulisa ukuqonda kwabo, imithombo enjenge Encyclopedia ye-Filosophy engenelela kwezezimiso zezombangazwe[ namathuluzi asebenzayo anikezwa i-Ethics & Compliance Initive[ inikeza isiqondiso esiwusizo. Umsebenzi wokubusa kwezimiso zezimiso awuqediwe, kodwa ufanelekile njalo ukwenza.