Ukuqonda Ukuma Okungaqondakali

Ama-trainformation aguqukela kwenye yezinselele ezingapheli zenkathi yezibalo. Ibhekisela ekwazisweni okungamanga noma okudukisayo okusakazwayo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inhloso iyini, okungafani nokungachazi, okukhohlisa ngamabomu. Isayensi yezokuxhumana yanamuhla, lapho ukwaziswa okugcwele kuhamba khona phakathi kwamaqophelo ezindaba zomphakathi ngesivinini esingakaze sibonwe, kuye kwandisa ukufinyelela kanye nethonya lamazwi anganembile. Abafundi kanye nabafundisi ngokufanayo kumelwe bahlakulele amakhono anamandla okuhlukanisa ukwaziswa okukholeka emangeni, ikhono elidingekayo ekuthembeni kwemfundo, ekubeni isakhamuzi, namakhono olwazi.

Leli gama elishiwo ngokungeyikho lihlanganisa izigaba eziningana ezihlukene, ngayinye edinga indlela ehlukile yokuhlaziya:

  • I-Discope: Ingxenye eklanywe ngamabomu ehloselwe ukukhohlisa, ngokuvamile ehloselwe ukuzuza kwezombangazwe noma kwezentengiselwano.
  • [[UMTL:0] `IMalformation':[ Ulwazi lweqiniso (njengeposi eliyimfihlo noma amabhukwana avuzayo) ahlanganyela ngenjongo elimazayo, ngokuvamile ngaphandle komongo.
  • Ukwaziswa okuholayo: izitatistiki ezinembile ngobuchwepheshe ezinikezwa ngendlela edala imibono engamanga, njengezibalo ezithathelwe izibalo noma izihloko zezihloko ezishukunyiswe kakhulu.
  • Izikhombisi namankohliso: izikhangiso ezingaqinisekisiwe zisakazeka ngokwethukela, ngezinye izikhathi ngaphandle kwenhloso embi kodwa ziphethe imiphumela yangempela yezwe.

Ukuqaphela lezi zinhlobo eziphansi kuyisinyathelo sokuqala ekwakheni indlela ehlelekile yokuhlola imithombo. Ngaphandle kokuqaphela okunjalo, ngisho nabantu abafunde kakhulu bangabanjwa yizisulu zokusebenzisa amasu axhaphaza ukuthambekela kwengqondo nokusabela okungokomzwelo.

Okwenza Imithombo Ingcoliswe Kakhulu Manje Kunanini Ngaphambili

Imiphumela yokwamukela ngokungagxeki ukwaziswa okungathembekile idlulela ngalé kokungaqondi kahle. Cabangela imiphumela yempilo yomphakathi: phakathi nobhadane lwe-COVOID-19, ukudukiswa okunganembile ngokwelashwa, imithi yokugoma, nokudluliselwa kwezifo kwaholela ekufeni okungavinjelwa futhi kwandisa inhlekelele. Emiphakathini yentando yeningi, ukusakazeka kwemibono yezombangazwe kuqeda ukwethembana ezinhlanganweni futhi kuphehla amandla. Kubafundi, ukuthembela emithonjeni engakholeki kululaza isimiso esiyisisekelo somsebenzi wezemfundo.

Imithombo ekhiphayo ayiyona nje ikhono lokuzivikela; ithuthukisa ukucabanga okugxekayo namakhono okuhlola. Uma abafundi bevame ukubuza umsuka, injongo, nobufakazi obusekela ukwaziswa, baqala imikhuba yengqondo ebasizayo ekusebenziseni iziyalezo. Le nqubo futhi ikhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kokwaziswa okunesibopho, inciphisa amathuba okuqhubekisela phambili amanga ayingozi. Endaweni lapho noma ubani engasakaza khona, ikhono lokuhlukanisa uphawu emsindweni liye laba imfuneko yokuhlanganyela okunenjongo emphakathini.

Uvivinyo Lwe - CRAAP: Umsebenzi Wesisekelo

Elinye lamathuluzi ahlala njalo nawusizo kakhulu ekuhlolweni kwemithombo i-CRAAP, eyasungulwa abaqondisi bezincwadi eCalifornia State University, Chico. I-acronym imelela i-Range, Relevance, Authority, Ukunemba, nenjongo. Indinganiso ngayinye inikeza i-lens yokuhlola umthombo ngokuhlelekile.

Imali

Imali ihlola isikhathi sokwaziswa. Buza: Umthombo wanyatheliswa noma wagcina ukushintshwa? Ingabe isihloko sakho sidinga ukwaziswa kwamanje noma imithombo yakudala isasebenza?

Phinda uvale

Indaba ebhekiswe ochwepheshe ebhekiswe kochwepheshe ingaba engakufaneleki kumsebenzi wezilaleli, kuyilapho umagazini othandwayo ungase ungabi nokwaziswa okujulile okudinga imfundo. Imithombo ebaluleke kakhulu yileyo evumelana nobukhulu bakho, izimfuneko ezijulile, nohlobo lokufuna ukuphenya.

Igunya

Igunya libuza ngomthombo wokwaziswa. Ngubani umlobi, inhlangano, noma ummemezeli? Ziyini iziqinisekiso zabo, izinkolo, nobuchwepheshe? Umthombo wezindaba zaseyunivesithi eziqashelwayo uthwala ubunzima obungafani ne-bom engaziwa. Hlola i-bious, comments, commental process, nengcaphuno emsebenzini wontanga. Imithombo ye webhray, ihlola indawo: .edu, .gov, kanye .org ngokuvamile inezindinganiso eziphakeme zokulandisa kunezindawo zezentengiselwano.com, nakuba lokhu kungesona isiqinisekiso sokwethembeka.

Ukunemba

Ukunemba kuhlanganisa ukuqinisekisa ubuqiniso bento equkethwe. Ingabe ukwaziswa kusekelwe ngobufakazi, imicaphulo, nezikhombo emithonjeni eyinhloko? Ungathola ukwaziswa kwakuqala noma imithombo evumelana nayo? Bheka umbhalo waphansi, ama-bibliographic, kanye nokuxhumana ekuhlolweni. Amaphutha, izisho ezingasekelwe, noma ukulahlwa okunengqondo amaflagi abomvu. Ukusho kwesiphambano ngeminye imithombo enedumela elihle kuyinqubo enamandla yokwenelisa.

Injongo

Injongo iveza isizathu sokuthola ukuthi ukwaziswa kukhona. Ingabe kuhloselwe ukwazisa, ukukholisa, ukuthokozisa, noma ukuthengisa? I-proxyr? I-"nervet" `ezombangazwe, ezentengiselwano,'ezentengiselwano" ingakuhlanekezela ukulandisa ngisho nalapho amaqiniso enembile. Ukuhlukanisa phakathi kokubika okunenjongo, imiqondo, kanye nenkulumo - ze. Umthombo oveza ngokusobala injongo yazo nezingxabano ezingase zenzeke zesithakazelo uthembeke kakhulu kunalezo ezifihla izigigaba.

Ukusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwe-CRAAP akuyona indlela elula yokubuza imibuzo elungile. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abayisebenzisayo bafaka le mithetho ngaphakathi futhi bayisebenzise ngokuthukela lapho bethola ukwaziswa okusha.

Ubuchwepheshe Obuthuthukile: Ngalé Kwe - RAP

Nakuba ukuhlola i - CRAAP kuwusizo, abacwaningi banamuhla abakhuluma amanga batusa izindlela ezivumelanayo zokusingatha amaqiniso okwaziswa okukuyi - Internet ngokuphumelelayo.

Ukufunda Kwamuva

Ukufunda okulandelayo kuyisu elisetshenziswa abahloli abaqeqeshiwe bamaqiniso. Kunokuba uhlale kuwebhusayithi eyodwa ukuze uhlole ukwethenjwa kwayo, abafundi besikhathi esizayo bavula ama-tab amaningi ukuze bahlole idumela lomthombo ngezikhombo zangaphandle. Ngokwesibonelo, uma uthola isihloko sezindaba esivela encwadini ongayazi, funa igama lenhlangano kanye namagama afana no- “bias,”“ ukuhluleka,” noma “ukuhlola.” Bheka ama-tempers, i-wadipending, ukubukeza, nokusekela imibiko. Lendlela yangaphandle eqonde kahle yembula umongo oqonde phezulu wokufundwa (ukungena engosini) ngokuvamile iyakhala.

Indlela Yokusebenzisa ISIFU

Inqubo ye-SIFT yasungulwa nguMike Caulfield eWashington State University, ihlanganisa izinyathelo ezine: Ukumisa, ukuhlola umthombo, ukuthola imfihlo engcono, no-Trace uthatha i-mongo yokuqala. Ukunyakaza kokuqala . "misa" ukwakha ngokuma kancane ukuze umelane nokusabela okungokomzwelo. Indlela yesibili ihlanganisa ukuphenya ngobuchwepheshe bomthombo nangamagama. Ukuhamba kwesithathu kukhuthaza ukufuna okunokwethenjelwa, ukusungula ukubika kunokuthembela epopuni elilodwa le-valution. Eyesine isho ukuthi ibuya emuva, iqinisekisa ukuthi ukwaziswa akuthathwanga ngaphandle komongomongo. I-SIFT iphumelela kakhulu ekuhloleni izithombe, amavidiyo, nama-tepiodiodiotime.

Buyisela isithombe sokuhlola ngokubuya

Ukwaziswa okufipheleyo kugcwele, nezithombe ezithathwe emongweni noma ngokwezinombolo. Jikisa amathuluzi okuhlola izithombe, anjenge Google Izithombe [, TINYE[, [[FLT] ne[FLT] I-IFRAY] I-IFAder[, vumela abasebenzisi ukuba bafake isithombe noma banciphe i URL yaso ukuthola ukubukeka kwayo kwakudala okwaziwayo. Lokhu kungaveza ukuthi isithombe siyabuyiselwa yini esenzakalisekile, sisetshenziswe, noma singenziwanga kahle. Njalo metacimeter (i-data ye-XFFF]) uma kungenzeka, indawo, isisetshenziswa sokwaziswa.

Ama - Webhsayithi Athola Iqiniso Nemithombo Yezinto Ethenjwayo

Izinhlangano ezihlola iqiniso zifeza indima ebalulekile ekulahleni ukwaziswa okunganembile. Lamaqembu asebenzisa izintatheli nabacwaningi abasebenzisa izindlela eziqinile ukuze baqinisekise izikhangiso. Amanye awezimo ezidumile ahlanganisa:

  • Izinhlayiya: Enye yezingosi ezindala kakhulu nezibanzi kakhulu ezichithayo, ehlanganisa izinganekwane zasedolobheni, amahemuhemu e-inthanethi, kanye nokuzisholo kwezombangazwe.
  • FactCC.org: Isakhiwo seAnntenberg Policy Center egxile kubuciko nezikhangiso zezombangazwe zase-U.S.
  • I-PolitiFACT: Imiklomelo “TruthntlaOMEter” ilinganisa izinkulumo ezenziwa abezombangazwe nezibalo zomphakathi.
  • Ababheki Iqiniso iphenduphenduka i-': Inikeza ukuhlanganisa imbulunga yonke nokwaziswa okungamagciwane ngezindlela ezicacile zobufakazi.
  • I Factquinding Network (IFCN): I-consium yamaqiniso hrakers enamathela ekhodi lezimiso; abasebenzisi bangathola amalungu aqinisekisiwe emhlabeni wonke.

Uma usebenzisa ingosi ehlolayo, cabangela usuku lwesheke nokuthi ikuphi okusanda kutholakala. Okunye ukwaziswa okunganembile kuyashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngakho ukuyeka usuka ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ezidlule kungase kungabhekisi ukuhlukahluka kwamanje.

Ukuqaphela Izinqubo Ezinikeza Ulwazi Olungeluhle

Ngisho noma kusetshenziswa amathuluzi angcono kakhulu, ukusebenza kwengqondo yomuntu kungalulaza ukuhlaziya okunenjongo. Ukukhetha okuthathelwanayo kuyizindlela ezimfushane eziholela emaphutheni ahleliwe ekucabangeni. Ubandlululo oluningana lubaluleke kakhulu ekusakazeni ukwaziswa okunganembile:

  • Ukufakelwa okuqinisekisiwe: Ukuthambekela ekusekeleni ukwaziswa okuqinisekisa izinkolelo ezikhona ngaphambili. Lobu bandlululo benza abantu bamukele imithombo engaqondakali ehambisana nombono wezwe futhi benqabe imithombo ethembekile eyibekela inselele.
  • Umphumela we-Dunning Abantu abanolwazi oluphansi ngesihloko bakhulu kakhulu ikhono labo lokwahlulela ukwaziswa ngakho. Lokhu kungaholela ekuzithembeni ngokweqile ekuhloleni imithombo engathembekile ngempela.
  • [[FLT: 0] Abantu babheka izenzakalo ezisekelwe ekucabangeni okulula. Okungaqondakali okuphawulekayo ngokuvamile kunamathela emendweni kunemininingwane eyomile, eqondile, eqondeneyo yengozi.
  • Umphumela weqiniso: Ukuphindwa kokuchayeka emazwini kundisa amathuba okuthi kuqashelwa njengeqiniso, ngisho noma kungamanga. Yingakho ukunqikaza kumelwe uqaphele ukuba ungaqiniseli amanga okuqala.

Ukufundisa abafundi ukuba baqaphele lokhu bandlululo kuwusizo olubalulekile ekuhloleni amathuluzi. Ukuzivivinya okulula njengokucela abafundi ukuba bazibonele ubandlululo lwabo siqu lokuqinisekisa esihlokweni sezindaba abavumelana ngaso, kungenza ukuba baqaphele i-metacog.

Ukuthuthukisa Ukufunda Ngemithombo Yezindaba Ezimisweni Zemfundo

Ukungenisa ulwazi lwezindaba ezifundweni kudinga ukuhlelwa ngamabomu. Akwanele ukunika abafundi uhlu lokuhlola kanye; amakhono kumelwe asetshenziswe ezifundweni nasezingeni zamabanga aphansi. Izindlela eziphumelelayo zihlanganisa:

Ukuhlola Izindaba Ezikhona

Izigaba zomlando zingahlaziya imithombo eyinhloko yobandlululo; amakilasi esayensi angahlola ukusetshenziswa kwezibalo emibhalweni yezindaba; amakilasi esiNgisi angasusa amasu okuphendula imibono. Lapho ukuhlolwa komthombo kuba ingxenye evamile yokufunda, kufakwa ngaphakathi njengomkhuba ongokwemvelo kunokuba isifundo esihlukile.

Ukusebenzisa Izenzakalo Zanamuhla Njengezifundo Zecala

Izindaba zangesikhathi esidlule zinikeza ukwaziswa okucebile kokuzivivinya. Abafundi baqhathanise ukuhlanganiswa kwesenzakalo esifanayo ezingxenyeni ezihlukene, bephawula ukungafani kokubhala, ulimi, nomthombo onikezwayo. Xoxani ngokuthi kungani izihloko ezimbili ezikhuluma ngendaba efanayo zingafinyelela iziphetho ezingafani nokuthi zingaxazululwa kanjani izimpikiswano ezinjalo.

Ukuvivinya Umzimba Okuyinkimbinkimbi

Lapho besebenza emaqenjini amancane, abafundi bangasebenzisa izingosi ezifundwa kamuva namaqiniso ukuze bahlole ingosi yezokuxhumana ehlangene namagciwane. Baveza lokho abakutholile, bachaze ukuthi imiphi imithombo abamethembayo nokuthi kungani. Ingxoxo yontanga isiza ekuhlakanipheni futhi ichaya abafundi ezindleleni ezihlukahlukene.

Ukuphenya Umkhuba Wokungahloniphi

Khuthaza abafundi ukuba babuze ukuthi “Ngiyazi kanjani ukuthi lokhu kuyiqiniso?” Njengendlela yokuma elungile. Ukuthobeka kobungcweti ngokuvuma uma ungaqiniseki ngomthombo futhi ubonise indlela ongayiphenya ngayo. Yenza inqubo lapho ukungabaza kuhlonishwa khona kunokuba kubhekwe njengokungahlonipheki noma njengokungathembi.

Ukuvivinya Ikilasi Okuwusizo

Ukuze baguqule inkolelo - mbono ibe isenzo, othisha bangafeza imisebenzi ehlelwe kahle eyakha amakhono okuhlaziya ngokunenzuzo:

  • ``Faka inkohliso'': nikeza izihloko ezintathu ngesihloko esifanayo", esinye singokomthetho, esinye sisuka endaweni eyaziwa njenge-Onion, futhi esinye sisuka emthonjeni we-iformation. Thelela abafundi ukuba bazibeke futhi bathethelele izinqumo zabo ngokusebenzisa i-CRAAP kanye nokufunda komjikelezo.
  • Bheka isithombe esihlolwayo: Bonisa isithombe esiye saphela (umz., isithombe esihlekisayo” esinesithombe). Cela abafundi ukuba balandelele umsuka waso ngokusebenzisa ukuphenya isithombe futhi babike ukuthi umongo unembile yini.
  • Ukucwaninga ngobomi babantu: nikeza abafundi igama le- “chwepher” engaziwa ekhonjwe esihlokweni se-intanethi. Bafune isiqinisekiso sangempela somuntu futhi baqaphele noma yiziphi izinkulumo eziqanjiwe.
  • Imiconstruct Timeline: Ithatha indawo ephilayo yesigaxa esithile sokwaziswa okungaqondile kusukela ekuveleni kwayo kokuqala kuya ekulahleni kwayo ekugcineni. Xoxani ukuthi kungani yasakazeka nokuthi yiziphi iziphakamiso ezazingayimisa.

Indima Yemithetho - sisekelo Nomklamo We - Platform

Ukuqonda umthombo wokwethembeka kusho futhi ukuqonda indawo lapho sihlangana khona nokwaziswa. Imithetho-mithetho yezenhlalandawo ebeka phambili ukuthembisana ngokunemba, ukuphakamisa noma ukuvusa imizwelo. Ukufuna injini kungasetshenziswa ngokufuna ngokunemba kwenjini (SEO) ngabadlali abakhipha imiyalezo. Abafundi kufanele bafunde:

  • Indlela yokusebenzisa abasebenzisi abathuthukile ekuhleleni imiphumela ngosuku, indawo, noma uhlobo lwehele.
  • Ukuze kuqinisekiswe izindaba zezokuxhumana − ukubheka amabheji ayiqiniso, usuku lokudala, nomlando wesikhathi esidlule.
  • Ukuthi “ukuqinisa” akulingani“ neqiniso”; ukuthandwa akusona isici esibonisa ukuthembeka.

I-Platform propage translate translate propartence nokucwaninga okuzimele, njengokuhlolwa kwe- kaHarvard Ennedy School Misformation , inikeza ukwaziswa kokuthi okuqukethwe yiphutha kusakazeka kanjani. Ukungenisa abafundi kulokucwaninga kubanika amandla okucabanga ngokuhluzekile ngezimiso ezilawula ukudla kwabo.

Umehluko Ongokomthetho Nongasohlangothini

Nakuba ukuhlaziya imithombo kuyimpikiswano yokufundisa ngokuyinhloko, ihlangene nomthetho nezimiso. Imithetho yokulahla umthetho, imibandela yokuthola amalungelo ombhali, kanye namalungelo empahla okungaqondi lutho konke okuhlangene nokusakazeka kokwaziswa okunganembile. Abafundi kufanele baqonde ukuthi ukuxoxa ngokwaziswa okungamanga, ngisho nangaphandle kokuthandana, kungaba nemiphumela engokomthetho (njengesudi) kubantu ngabanye noma izinhlangano. Ngokucacile, kunomthwalo wemfanelo wokugwema ukwenza udaba olunganembile kodwa futhi ukululungisa lapho kuhlangane. Ukuxoxa ngecala kuhlola inkolelo yozungu (jenggethi yePizzagate” eholele esenzelweni sozungu esihlomile esiphethe isenzakalo esihlosiwe somhlaba wonke.

Isiphetho: Ukwakha Imikhuba Yokuhlola Ukuphila Konke

Kulesi sikhathi lapho ulwazi luningi kodwa lunzima, ikhono lokuhlola imithombo liyikhono eliyisisekelo lokuphila. Amathuluzi anjenge-CRAAP, ukufunda okulandelayo, ukuphenduphenduka kwesithombe, kanye neqiniso le-rahsethi inikeza izindlela eziqinile zokuhlola ukuthembeka. Kodwa amathuluzi kuphela awanele; kumelwe ahlanganiswe nokuqaphela ukuguquguquka kolwazi kanye namandla okwakha abangela ukuqamba amanga. Kubafundisi, umgomo awukho ukwenza abafundi babe abaculi beqiniso lika- ­, kodwa ukuhlakulela umkhuba wokubuza ngokungabaza ngokungabaza, “Uyini umthombo walokhu kwaziswa, futhi ngingathembela kulokhu?”

Ngokuzifaka ezifundweni zesikole, sihlomisa abafundi ngokukwazi ukukwazi ukumelana nesimiso sezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ukulwa nokungaqondi lutho akuzuzwa ikhambi elilodwa kodwa ngokukha isizukulwane sabacusumbuli abagxekayo abafuna ubufakazi, izisusa zombuzo, nokunemba. Lokho kuveza inzuzo engapheli.