Uyini Umthwalo Wemfanelo Wobunye?

Umthwalo wemfanelo wezakhamuzi ezihlangene nezibophayo ukuba zihlanganyele ekubuseni nasekuthuthukiseni umphakathi wazo. Esimisweni sentando yeningi, lomqondo awusona nje isiphakamiso kodwa uyinsika eyisisekelo esekela impilo nobude bohulumeni. Uma izakhamuzi ziqonda futhi zithatha imithwalo yazo yemfanelo yomphakathi, ziqinisekisa ukuthi uhulumeni uhlala ukhona, abantu, nabantu nabantu. Lesi sihloko sinikeza ukuhlolisisa okubanzi ukuthi uyini umthwalo wemfanelo womphakathi, kungani ubalulekile, futhi ungenzani umuntu ngamunye athelele phambili embusweni wentando yeningi.

Ukuchaza Umthwalo Wemfanelo Wesibili

Isibopho somsebenzi sibhekisele ezenzweni nasezimweni zengqondo ezifunekayo kumalungu omphakathi ukuze alondoloze umphakathi osebenzayo nonobulungisa. Kuyisibopho sezakhamuzi ukuhlonipha umthetho, ukuhlanganyela ekuphileni komphakathi, futhi usebenzele okuhle okuvamile. Ngokungafani nemisebenzi engokomthetho enjengokukhokha izintela noma ukukhonza ejaji, umthwalo wemfanelo womphakathi ngokuvamile ungowokuzithandela kodwa ugxile kakhulu ezimisweni zobudemokhrasi.

Emqoka, umthwalo wemfanelo womphakathi uhlanganisa kokubili amalungelo (inkululeko yokukhuluma, ilungelo lokuvota) kanye neziqu (ukuhlala zifundile, ukuvota ngokufanelekile, ukukhonza umphakathi). Ukulinganisela phakathi kwamalungelo nemithwalo yemfanelo yikona okwenza idemokhrasi ikwazi ukusekela. Njengoba i-American Bar Bar [FLT]] igcizelela, ukuqonda lamalungelo nemithwalo yemfanelo kubalulekile esazini.

Izimbangela Zomlando Zomthwalo Wemfanelo Wesibili

Umqondo womthwalo wemfanelo womphakathi usukela emuva eGrisi naseRoma yasendulo, lapho izakhamuzi zazilindeleke ukuba zihlanganyele emihlanganweni yomphakathi, zikhonze kwezempi, futhi zinikele enhlalakahleni yedolobha. U-Aristotle wadumile waphikisa ngokuthi ukuba isakhamuzi esikhuthele sasibalulekile ukuze sifinyelele ukuphila okuhle. ERiphabliki yaseRoma, iziqu zahlanganisa amalungelo nemisebenzi yezakhamuzi, futhi izibalo ezifana noCicero zabhala kabanzi ngesibopho sokuziphatha sokukhonza umbuso.

Kuhulumeni wentando yeningi wanamuhla, umqondo womthwalo wemfanelo womphakathi waqala kanye nokwanda kwamalungelo okuvota nenkululeko yomphakathi. Izazi zefilosofi zokukhanyiselwa, ikakhulukazi uJohn Locke noJean-Jacques Rousseau, zabeka isisekelo senkolelo yesivumelwano sezenhlalo .Inkolelo yokuthi izakhamuzi zivumelana nokulandela imithetho ukuze zithole isivikelo nezinzuzo. Le sivumelwano sisho ukuthi umuntu ngamunye unomthwalo wemfanelo wokusekela isimiso esivikela inkululeko yakhe. Namuhla, izizwe ezinjenge-United States, i-United Kingdom, kanye nezinye eziningi zifaka icala lezenhlalakahle yezemfundo nenkulumo yasobala.

Okwenza Umthwalo Wemfanelo Weqembu Ubaluleke Ngentando Yeningi

Izikhulu aziziphangi; zidinga ukuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo kubantu abanolwazi. Uma izakhamuzi zidebeselela imisebenzi yazo yomphakathi, isimiso singantengantenga. Nazi izizathu eziyinhloko ezenza umthwalo wemfanelo womphakathi ube bucayi:

  • Ubufakazi bemali:[ Isivumelwano se-Covic sivuna izikhulu. Ngaphandle kokuhlanganyela ekuvoteleni] ikakhulukazi izikhulu zikahulumeni zingazizwa zingaphoqelekile ukumelela izithakazelo zamalungu azo.
  • I-Legitacy: Uhulumeni obonisa intando yabantu ubhekwa njengosemthethweni. Izinga eliphakeme lokuhlanganyela liqinisa isimiso futhi linciphise ingozi yokuphambanisa.
  • Ukusebenza ndawonye ezindabeni zomphakathi kwakha ukwethembana nokuqondana phakathi kwamaqembu ahlukene. Lenhloko - dolobha yezenhlalo ibalulekile ekuhlalisaneni ngokuthula.
  • Izakhamuzi ezihlangene-Problem-Somet: ezihileleke ziletha ulwazi lwendawo kanye nemiqondo ehlukene ekuxazululeni izinkinga, okuholela ezimisweni eziphumelela kakhulu nezingahlanganisiwe.

Ukucwaninga emithonjeni enjengaye Isikhungo sokucwaninga [ njalo kubonisa ukuthi izizwe ezinezivumelwano zomphakathi eziphezulu zithambekele ekubeni nezinhlangano zentando yeningi ezinamandla kakhulu nokwaneliseka komphakathi. Ukuhlobana phakathi komthwalo wemfanelo womphakathi nempilo yentando yeningi akunakuphikwa.

Izinhlobo Zomthwalo Wemfanelo Weqembu

Umthwalo wemfanelo we-bivic ungahlukaniswa ube yizinhlobo ezimbili ezibanzi: mandary kanye ngokuzenzekelayo. Ukuqonda kokubili kusiza izakhamuzi ukuba ziqonde ubukhulu bendima yazo.

Imithwalo Yemfanelo Yesigungu

Lena imisebenzi efunwa umthetho. Ukwehluleka ukuyenza kungaphumela ezijezisweni ezingokomthetho. Izibonelo zihlanganisa:

  • [ Ukulinganisa umthetho: Ilandela imithetho yendawo, isifundazwe, nohulumeni kuyimfuneko eyisisekelo yokuba isakhamuzi.
  • [ ukukhokha izintela:[ Intela yentela yomphakathi njengezinkonzo zomphakathi zesikole, imigwaqo, nesivikelo sesizwe.
  • Ukukhonza kumajaji: Ilungelo lokuqulwa ngokulunga lixhomeke ezakhamuzini ezizimisele ukukhonza njengejaji elingakhethi.
  • Ukubhalisa inkonzo engakhethi (kwamanye amazwe): E-United States, izakhamuzi zabesilisa ezineminyaka engu-18-25 kumelwe zibhalise nge simiso senkonzo esikhethayo.

Imithwalo Yemfanelo Yokuzithandela

Nakuba zingekho ngokomthetho, lezi zenzo zibalulekile ekubuseni ngentando yeningi okunamandla.

  • Ukuvota:[ Itshe lesisekelo ledemokrasi, ukuvota kuvumela izakhamuzi ukuba zikhethe abaholi bazo nesimiso sethonya.
  • Ukuhlala unolwazi: Ukulandela izindaba, imithombo ehlola amaqiniso, nokuqonda izindaba zomphakathi kwenza ukuba kwenziwe izinqumo ezihlakaniphile.
  • Ukuhlanganisa: isikhathi sokunikela emisebenzini yomphakathi, inzuzo, noma inkonzo yomphakathi iqinisa imiphakathi yendawo.
  • Ukungagunyazi: Ukukhuluma ezindabeni, ukuxhumana nezikhulu ezikhethiwe, nokuhlanganyela ekubhikisheni okunokuthula kubangela ushintsho lwezenhlalo.
  • [ ukufundisa abanye:[ uhlanganyela ulwazi ngamalungelo omphakathi nemithwalo yemfanelo, ikakhulukazi nezizukulwane ezisencane, kuthuthukisa isiko lokuthembisana.

Izindlela Eziqondile Zokuhlanganyela Emthwalweni Wemfanelo Wobunye

Abantu abaningi bafuna ukuba izakhamuzi ezinokwethenjelwa kodwa abaqiniseki ukuthi bangaqala kanjani.

Hlakulela Zonke Izici Ozikhethayo

Ukuqamba kuyindlela eqondile yokuthonya uhulumeni. Ungazigcini kukhetho lukamongameli − lwendawo ne-ovential luvame ukuba nethonya elikhulu ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Abacwaningi nezinyathelo zokucwaninga, futhi bakhuthaze abangane nomkhaya ukuba nabo bavote. Ukuvota kwakuqala, amavota angena eposi, nezinhlelo zosizo kwenza kube lula ukuthatha igalelo kunanini ngaphambili.

Yiba Khona Emihlanganweni Yeningi

Imihlangano yebhodi lesikole, imikhandlu yedolobha, namahholo amadolobha kunikeza umphakathi ukuqonda ngokubusa kwendawo futhi kuvumela izakhamuzi ukuba ziveze ukukhathazeka kwazo. Imihlangano eminingi futhi inikeza izikhathi zokuphendula obala, ithuluzi elinamandla lokubeka izikhulu icala.

Ukuhlanganyela Enkonzweni Yomphakathi

Ukuvolontiya ebhange lokudla lendawo, ukuhlanza indawo, noma inhlangano engakhiqizi ikhuluma ngokuqondile ngezidingo zomphakathi. Kubuye kwakhe ukuxhumana nezakhamuzi ezikanye nazo, kukhuthaza umuzwa wokwabelana. INhlangano yeSizwe ne-Community Service inikeza imithombo yokuthola amathuba okuzithandela avumelana nemigomo yomphakathi.

Ukuhlanganyela Enkulumweni Yangaphakathi

Intando yeningi enempilo idinga ukuphikisana ngenhlonipho. Ukuhlanganyela ezingxoxweni zezombangazwe nezindaba zomphakathi − ngisho nalabo abangavumelani − kusiza ekulungiseni imibono futhi kwakhe ukuqonda. Izezindaba zomphakathi zingaba ithuluzi elihle uma zisetshenziswa ngendlela efanele; xoxa ngokwaziswa okuthembekile futhi ugweme ukusakaza ukwaziswa okungahambisani nokwaziswa.

Xhumana Nabameleli Bakho

Kubhalwa, ukubiza, noma uku-imeyili izikhulu ezikhethiwe ngezindaba ezithintana nendaba eyindaba. Sebenzisa ingcebo enje USUSA. izikhulu ezikhethiwe ze-cov's conver ukuthola abameleli bakho. Izindaba zomuntu siqu kanye nezicelo ezicaciswe kahle ziphumelela kakhulu.

Ukukhonza Ebhodini Noma Eyabelwe

Ohulumeni abaningi bendawo bathembele kuzisebenzi zokuzithandela zezakhamuzi ukuba zikhonze emabhodini, emakhomishani, noma kumakomiti okuqondisa. Lezi zindikimba zithonya izinqumo zokuhlelwa, amapaki, imitapo, nezinye. Ukukhonza kunikeza ukuhileleka kwezandla ekubuseni.

Indima Yemfundo Ekwethuleni Umthwalo Wemfanelo Wesibalo

Izinhlangano zemfundo zinendima ebalulekile ekulolongeni izakhamuzi zesikhathi esizayo. Uhlelo lwemfundo eqinile yomphakathi lufundisa abafundi hhayi nje kuphela abasunguli bakahulumeni kodwa futhi nezindinganiso zokuhlanganyela, ukubekezelelana, nenkonzo yomphakathi.

Lokho Izikole Ezingakwenza

  • Ulwazi lomphakathi olwazini lwezifundo: Abafundi kufanele bafunde ngoMthetho-sisekelo, amagatsha amathathu kahulumeni, inqubo yokukhetha, namalungelo nemithwalo yemfanelo yesizwe.
  • ukugxeka ukucabanga: ukuhlaziya izindaba, ukuhlaziya imithombo, nokuphikisana ngemibono ehlukene kulungiselela abafundi ukuba babe abathengi bokwaziswa abanokuqonda.
  • Izandla-kanye namathuba: ukhetho olucushiwe, uhulumeni wabafundi, ukulingwa kohleko, nemisebenzi yenkonzo yomphakathi iletha imiqondo yomphakathi ekuphileni.
  • Ukuzilolonga kwezezindaba: Enkathini yokungaqondi kahle, ukufundisa abafundi indlela yokuhlola iqiniso nokubona ubandlululo kudingekile ukuze babe isakhamuzi esinolwazi.

Ukuxoxa ngezenzakalo zamuva ekhaya, ukuthatha izingane ukuba zivote, nokubahilela emsebenzini wokuzithandela kubeka isisekelo sokuhlanganyela ukuphila konke.

Ukuba Izakhamuzi Ngomshini Nomthwalo Wemfanelo Womshado Ekhulwini Lama - 21

Ukuvela kwe - Internet nezokuxhumana kuye kwashintsha indlela izakhamuzi ezihileleka ngayo kwezombusazwe nasemiphakathini yazo.

Amathuba

  • Izicelo kanye nemikhankaso yokukhokha izigebengu: Izakhiwo ezifana noGuqulo.org ivumela izakhamuzi ukuba zibuthe ukusekela izimbangela ngokushesha.
  • I-Access elwazini: amawebhusayithi kahulumeni, imithombo yezindaba ezimele, kanye nezindawo zokuxhumana zenza kube lula ukucwaninga abazohlola kanye nezinkambiso.
  • Izikhulu eziningi manje ziqhuba imihlangano ye-inthanethi, okwenza ukuthatha isinyathelo kufinyeleleke kakhulu kulabo abahamba ngezinyawo noma abangakwazi ukuthatha isikhathi.
  • Izenzo zezezindaba: Intshukumo ye Hashtag kanye nezikhungo zomchako zingaphakamisa ukuqaphela nokubangela ushintsho ezicini kusukela ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu kuya kubulungisa bezenhlalo.

Izinselele

  • [[UMTL:0] Mis- kanye nokungavumelani: Ukwaziswa okungamanga kusakazeka ngokushesha kuyi-inthanethi, kukhubaza abavoti nokususa ukwethembana ezinhlanganweni zedemokhrasi.
  • Amagumbi e-'FLT'''e''e'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''AMEWUZI] avame ukubonisa abasebenzisi kuphela lokho okuqinisa izinkolelo zabo zamanje, ukunciphisa ukuchayeka emibonweni ehlukahlukene.
  • [[Umthetho:0] Ukufakwa kobuthi noshevu: inkulumo yocingo lwase-inthanethi ingaba yisiphazamiso, inqande ukuhlanganyela emaqenjini angaphansi.
  • [ Izinkinga zeze-Privtacy:[ ukuhlola kwamanani kanye nokuphuka kokwaziswa kungenza izakhamuzi zibe madolonzima ukungena ku-inthanethi.

Izakhamuzi ezikwaziyo ukuxhumana nabantu ezisebenzisa imishini zihlola ukwaziswa ngaphambi kokuba zixoxe, zikhulume ngenhlonipho futhi zivikele izinto eziyimfihlo, zibuye zisebenzise ubuchwepheshe ukuze zihlukanise izinto kunokuba zizenze ziqine.

Ukunqoba Izithiyo Zokuhlanganyela Ebunyeni

Naphezu kwezinhloso ezinhle kakhulu, izakhamuzi eziningi zibhekana nezithiyo ezizivimbela ekufezeni imithwalo yazo yemfanelo yomphakathi.

Izinselele Ezivamile

  • Ukungavumelani nokunganeliseki: Ukuba nomuzwa wokuthi izwi lomuntu alibalulekile noma ukuthi ezombangazwe zonakele zingaholela ekuhoxeni. Lokhu ngokuvamile kusuka ekugxekeni noma ekuntuleni imfundo yomphakathi.
  • Izithiyo zesikhathi: Umsebenzi, umkhaya, nezinye izibopho zishiya igumbi elincane lemisebenzi yomphakathi. Ukwenza ukuhlanganyela kuvumelane kakhulu (umzk., ukuvota ngeposi, imihlangano yakusihlwa) kuyasiza.
  • Isithiyo sezomnotho: Abantu abafikayo bangase bantule imithombo yokuvota noma ukunikela, futhi imithetho ye-ID yomvoti ingabathinta ngokungenakulinganiswa.
  • Ulimi kanye nokufunda: imibhalo engokomthetho kanye nezincwadi zokuvota zitholakala kuphela ngezilimi eziyinhloko, ngaphandle kwezikhulumi ezingezona ezesisho.
  • Ukutholakala: izindawo zokuvota, amawebhusayithi, nemihlangano yomphakathi kungangenwa ngokugcwele kubantu abakhubazekile.
  • Ukungathembi okungaqondakali: imiphakathi eye yabhekana nobandlululo lwesimiso ingangathemba izinhlangano zikahulumeni futhi igweme ukuthembisana.

Amakhambi

Izakhamuzi nohulumeni bangathatha izinyathelo eziqinile ekunciphiseni imingcele:

  • Ukubhalisa kwevoti kulula: okuzenzekelayo noma usuku olunye lokubhalisa kukhuphula ukubhaliswa.
  • u-Forf help: I-collet efundeka kaningi, abahumushi emihlanganweni, kanye nezinto ezihunyushwe zenza ukuhlanganyela kube nokulingana.
  • nwebula kusenesikhathi ukuvota ngeposi: Ukunikeza izindlela eziningi zokuvota ihholo lezimiso ezihlukene.
  • [ Izinhlangano zomphakathi: Inzuzo engabhekiselwa emfundweni yovoti, ekuhleleni umphakathi, nasekulawuleni intela ingafinyelela kubantu abangasasebenzi.
  • [ Yakha ukuthembana ngokubona kude: Uma uhulumeni ekhuluma ngokukhululekile futhi elandela ngokwezithembiso, izakhamuzi zingahileleka.

Umthwalo Wemfanelo Wobusha Nowesilisa: Ukuhlakulela Isizukulwane Esizayo

Intsha ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengengenandaba, kodwa ukwaziswa okuvela ezinhlanganweni ezinjenge i-Center for Information and Research on Civic Learning and Incivement (CIRCIREment) kubonisa ukuthi ukuthembisana kwentsha kukhula, ikakhulukazi ezindabeni ezifana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu nobulungisa bezenhlalo. Ukuhlanganyela izakhamuzi ezintsha ziqala ukwakha imikhuba yokuphila.

Amasu Okuhlanganyela Ubusha

  • nikeza inkathi yokuvota:[ Ezinye izifundazwe zivumela i 16-kanye ishumi elinesihlanu leminyaka ukuba zivote okhethweni bendawo, okuyandisa ukuvota uma befaneleka okhethweni olubanzi.
  • yenza imikhandlu yabantwana: iMinister ingamisa izindikimba zezokuqamba ezinikeza intsha izwi ezinqumweni zezimiso.
  • Sebenzisa imithombo yezindaba nokugembula: amaPlatform anjengoTikTok no-Instagram kakade aseyizindawo lapho intsha ixoxa khona ngezindaba; imikhankaso ingaziqinisa ukuze ikhuthaze ukubhaliswa nokuqashwa.
  • Ukufunda inkonzo:[ ukuhlanganisa imfundo yemfundo nemisebenzi yenkonzo yomphakathi kufundisa amakhono omphakathi ngokwezimo.

Ukuthuthukisa Umthwalo Wemfanelo Wobunye Emphakathini Wakini

Abantu ngabanye nezinhlangano bangathatha izinyathelo zokuthuthukisa impucuko yokuthembisana izakhamuzi ngokwezinga lendawo.

Izindawo Zomphakathi Ezinezihambi NamaHholo Edolobha

Imihlangano yomphakathi yasikhathi sonke lapho izakhamuzi zingaxoxa khona ngezindaba, zizwe ochwepheshe futhi zihlangane nezikhulu, ibangela umuzwa wokuthi zindawonye.

Hlela Izindawo Zokubhalisa Ezine - Voter

Beka izitebhu zokubhalisa ezinkonzweni zomphakathi, izimakethe zabalimi, noma amakolishi.

Sebenzisa Imithombo Yezindaba Yomphakathi Ngosizo Oluhle

Yenza amaqembu endawo ye-Facebook noma izinhlelo zendawo ezinikezelwe kukwaziswa komphakathi. Hlanganisani ngezikhumbuzo mayelana nezinsuku zokhetho, ukufingqa imihlangano yomphakathi, nokuqaphelisa ngamathuba okuzithandela.

Ukubambisana Nenzuzo Yendawo

Ihlobana nezinhlangano ezinjengeNhlangano yaMasimu, i-Rotary Club, noma amanye amaqembu omphakathi. Ukuhlanganisa izenzakalo kuhlanganisa ukufinyelela futhi kuhlanganise imithombo.

Imisebenzi Yokugubha

Ukuqokomisa izibonelo ezinhle kushukumisela abanye ukuba balandele indlela efanayo.

Isiphetho

Umthwalo wemfanelo we-Covic uyisici esisebenzayo esiguqula iqoqo labantu libe yintando yeningi eqinile. Akugcini ekuvoteni njalo ngemva kweminyaka embalwa; kuwukuzinikela okuqhubekayo ukuhlala unolwazi, ukunikela emphakathini, nokunikeza amandla okulandisa. Isakhamuzi ngasinye, kungakhathaliseki ubudala, iholo, noma isizinda, sinendima okumelwe siyifeze. Uma sithatha leyondima, asiqiniseli uhulumeni wethu kuphela kodwa futhi nezibopho zomphakathi ezenza idemokrati ibe yinzuzo.

Izinselele ezibhekene nedemokrasi yanamuhla .(democratic), ukuncishiswa kwemibuso ezimele, ukungalingani , kungakukhungathekisa. Kodwa impendulo ayikhona ukuhoxa kodwa ekuthembiseni kakhulu. Ngokuzifundisa thina nabanye, ngokuhlanganyela ekuphileni komphakathi, nangokufuna ukuba sobala nobulungisa, sisekela isithembiso sokuzilawula. Impilo yentando yeningi ixhomeke ekuzimiseleni kwabantu abavamile ukwenza izinto ezingavamile: ukukhathalela, ukwenza, nokukholelwa ukuthi bahlanganyela ezindabeni zabo.

Ngakho esikhathini esizayo lapho ufaka ifomu lokuvota, uye emhlanganweni wesikole, noma uvolontiya endaweni yokukhosela yendawo, khumbula ukuthi uphila ngesiko elinamakhulu eminyaka adlule.