Okutandika: Amaanyi g’Ebigambo Ebisatu

Ebigambo [[NKULULA:0]" Ffe Abantu tuli ebigambo ebisooka ebisatu ebya Pregitry ya Amereka, era bibadde byewunzika okumala ebyasa ebisukka mu bibiri. Ebigambo bino bitegeeza nti enkola y'enkola y'enkola y'enkola mu mukutu ogwa bulijjo eri wakati w'abatuuze aba bulijjo, ekika ky'obufuzi oba ekiragiro kya Katonda. Okutegeera amakulu agali mu bigambo bino ebisatu kyetaagisa okwekenneenya abagezigezi, n'okumenya amateeka agaabyo, n'okukaamenya enkola y'abo abali mu mu ggwanga.

Abakola ebifaananyi bwe baakuŋŋaana mu Philadelphia mu 1787, baatandikawo gavumenti eyandigonjodde obunafu bw'ebitundu ebigaba obutakka wansi wa mateeka ate era ne bawa eddembe eryawangulwa mu lutalo olw'ekinvumbo. Ennyanjula gye " Fy Abantu"[] tetwalina buvumu kutegeeza nti [[FLT:] kwe kugamba nti obufuzi bulina kukkirizibwa okufugibwa. Okusobola okutegeera obulungi amakulu gabwo, oteekwa okunoonyereza ku byafaayo, eby'obufirosoofo, n'okufuukafuukafuukafuukafuukafuukafuukafuuka by'ebintu ebikkirizibwa mu kutandikawo “we".

Ebyafaayo: Olukuŋŋaana olw’Eby’Amateeka Olwaliwo mu 1787

Ekiragiro kyalondebwa okuyingiza amateeka wakati wa Maayi ne Ssebutemba 1787 mu Philadelphia, mu mwaka ogwakaaba ennyo okumala emyezi. Ababeseri baakiikiriranga kkumi na babiri ku bitundu ekkumi n'ebiri ebyasooka (Rhode Island baagaananga okugayingira). Baakitegeeranga nti gavumenti empya erina okuba nga ya maanyi okusinga eyo eyatandikibwawo mu Ssentensi za Confederation, naye era nti yali atya amaanyi mangi. [[FL: 0] Gavumenti ya“Fom" yali yeetongodde ddala ku lulimi olwo oluyitibwa “eri bonna abaliwo, era nga baatandikira ku bibiina. Twalina okutegeeza gavumenti, so si gavumenti.

Ekiragiro ekiva ku kye kyawa ekiragiro kino nga kiba[FLT]. [FOLT:1] kye kyawa ekiragiro ekitegeeza nti, mu ntegeka ya [LUGUUPU]. Ekiragiro kyateekawo obuyinza okuva ku Amerika, si ku masaza. Enkyukakyuka eno teyagwawo mu butaka; yali njjuluzi ya bakungu, era nga bakkiriza nti gavumenti y'eggwanga erimu obuwandikiro eri abatuuze esobola okufuna eddembe erisingako. Gouverneur Morris, eyawandisizza ekiragiro ku n'olulimi olusembayo olw'empandika olupya olw'empandika ebigambo ebyanditeereddwawo.

Kyokka, ebigambo era byagattibwa ku ntegeka ez'amaanyi. Abakola baalemererwa okutegeera obanga abaddu basaanidde okuba abantu oba ebintu, oba nga gavumenti ya Amerika yandibadde n'obuyinza okusaanyawo okutunda abaddu, oba engeri y'okutuukanyamu obubonero wakati w'enfunda ennene n'entono. ]]“ FULT beyasuubiza obumu, naye ku Convention of Constitution, Amerika bangi baagibwa mu bwo. "Eempakaanyi ezikwata ku ku kutwala obukwasifu [FOT:] Futeera Paperts ne ku ebyo ebiri mu 'Anti-Fedida'] bye byawandiikibwa.[5]

Engeri Omuzannyo gye Gutandikamu

Ekiragiro bwe kyatongozebwa mu masaza okusobola okuzza obulabe mu 17871788, ebigambo Preget bye yaggulawo byafuuka ebigambo ebyaleetera abawagizi n'abalabe. Federal lists yagamba nti: Fy T [FLT]] [Fourg:] twafuula tteeka lya Ssemateeka okugatta eggwanga lyonna, si ndagaano y'ensi enfuga. Baasonga ku gavumenti empya okuba obujulizi nti gavumenti ejja kuvunaanyizibwa eri abantu, era ekakasa obuyinza okuyitira mu kulonda n'okukiikirira. Anti-FLT, bwenkana olwo, yalabula nti ebigambo bye bimu byandibadde bisobola okuwozesebwa mu buyinza obw'amaanyi. Bwe watabawo ntegeka entegeka y'eddembe, baagamba nti, [FFFF]

Obukyayi buno (kali wakati w'ebiruubirirwa eby'okuteebwa n'obwetaavu obw'okukoma ku gavumenti) "bukyaliwo leero. Bill of Rightss, ekyagattibwa mu 1791, kye kimu ku ebyo ebyava mu kutya nti ] abantu bayinza okukyusibwawo okusobola okukola ku byetaago by'ab'obuyinza. Enkyukakyuka ez'emirundi kkumi zikuuma eddembe ly'abantu kinnoomu eritabakwata ku gavumenti, era ne zikakasa nti abantu balina obuyinza ku gavumenti gye bateekawo.

Enjigiriza Entuufu: Ensibuko y’Ekitangaala n’Endowooza z’Abantu

Endowooza nti gavumenti yandibadde n'okwesigamizibwa ku kukkirizibwa kw'abafuzi teyeyoleka bufirosoofo obw'ekika ekimu. Abakola baatwalirizibwa obufirosoofo obw'Ekitangaala, naddala obwa John Locke, Jeanācques Rousseau, ne Montesquie. Locke’s Speed Recurence of Gavumenti [[[[FLT:]] [1689]]] [abantu] mu nkulabo) baawakanya nti abantu mu butonde bakkiriziganya ne bafuula ab'obuyinza obwa bulijjo, nga baataddewo obwesige. Singa gavumenti eteeka obwesige mu bantu, abantu baba ba ddembe okubukyusa oba okubuvaako. Mu ngeri eyo ey'ensonga eyo, yakkirizisa [FLT:]

Montesquieu's Omwoyo gw'Amateeka (1748) gwayongera ku bukulu bw'okwawula obufuzi, obwakozesebwa oluvannyuma ku Constitution. Endowooza ya Rousseau ey'obu Ggenal []] – – – – /ekikolwa eky'abantu bonna awamu eky'omusoofu [] kye baateekako omusingi ogw'obusosoze ku ndowooza nti amateeka aga bulijjo gakkiriza wamu. Empandika ya Pregey'ekiwandikiro kya Roussss yawandikiro kyagibwa omwoyo gwe guwandisizza: abantu bennyini bennyini be nsibuko y'obuyinza, ne gavumenti gye bateekawo okuva ku kukkiriza kwabwe.

Enjigiriza eno ey'okukolagana n'abantu yawa kkomo lya mpisa omusingi ogw'enjawulo. Obutafaananako nkola ya Bungereza, obwetwaze gye bwabeera mu ttwale lya Cream-Parliament, sitementi ya Amereka n'efuula abantu okuba omwawule ow'oku ntikkulu. Ebigambo ebisatu ebyasooka bya Pregedgery byali bikiikirira okumenya endagaano y'ebyedda mu Bulaaya. Era Thomas Jefferson, eyali abeera mu kibuga Paris mu kiseera ky'Essaza lya Projectal, oluvannyuma yatendereza ekiwandiiko ekyo olw'okusalawo obwa obwa obwalina obuyinza obwali mu . Obufuzi obwavanyuma bw'eggwanga obusinga obungi.[1][1][1] Obwo yeeyami nti Thomas Jefferson yali takyaliwo mu nteekateeka ey'obutebe bw'amateeka.

“ Abantu ” Be Baani mu 1787?

Ekimu ku ebyo ebireetawo okukaayana ku nsonga enkulu ennyo ezikwata ku kusibawo abaddu abaagalwa mu be baaleeta obutuuze obwa bulijjo. FUUSTI:[FULT:1] Fractives baatwalanga abaddu b'abaddu mu Amerika, era n'abazungu abaavu, nga tebakkirizibwanga kuyingira mu nkola y'eby'obufuzi. Ekiragiro kyabatwala okuba abaddu ng'abasajja abasatu ab'omululu, okubafuula ab'ebitiibwa. Abakazi, abannamerika, Abamerika abaatwalibwanga nga baddu mu nsi za Amerika, era nga baalekebwa mu mawanga mangi, era n'abaddu abataalina bintu bingi, baawerebwa okutuusa mu 1808 (Escreat, Ekitundu 9, Claus) nga bawakanya enkola y'olulimi olwo oluyitibwa.

Ekiragiro kino [[NKULU:0] kitegeeza nti: “Fokka abantu bwe kityo twasikira obutakkaanya wakati w'ebiruubirirwa by'ensi yonna n'obukakafu obutono. Abakola olukalala teb'obuntu obwa bulijjo baali baagala okuzingiramu buli omu; baakozesa ebigambo bino okutongoza gavumenti empya ey'ensi yonna ng'ekuuma enfuga y'abantu ebaddewo. Mu byasa bino ebibiri ebiddako, okuzizzaawo amateeka ga gavumenti, n'okukyusaamu enzikkiriza amateeka ga gavumenti, n'eb'eb' [[FLT] [17:3], [[FLT], [5], Conftion Conftion Confmentationstionstions [18], 15th], , ekitegeeza ekitongole ky'omu Amerika (1920), n'ekiragiro ekyakula okuva ku ntandikwa y'omwaka gwa 1965, ne ku ebyo ebigamba.[5][5][5]

Enzikiriza z’Abasatu 932 n’Enjigiriza za Baibuli Ezaawukanira ddala

Kyakulabirako eky'okusiikiriza ensobi z'abasibe abasatu Feffat k'ekyokulabirako eky'enkola ey'amaanyi ekiraga engeri ekyawandiikibwa ky'amateeka gye kiyinza okuleetera abasinga okufuga n'okuwaliriza obusosoze. Obwewagguzi bwawandiike businga obungi obwandikubiriziddwa abantu abaddu. Obuwangwa obwo bwabalibwa nga busatu obusatu obufaananyi obw'omuntu mu Nnyumba y'ababaka n'omusolo. Obukyayigwa obwa bulijjo bwawa gavumenti ez'enkulembedde amaggy'omu buttu era ne bugamba nti: [FLT:] obwali obuddu obwali obuddu obwalimu abantu ba bulijjo, obwali obuwandiikibwa abo abaatwalibwa obuddu. Obukankano bwe bumu busangibwa mu bigambo [[FLT:]

Ekitongole ekya 14 eky'ebbaluwa ekiwere ekyatongozebwa mu 1868, kyasalawo okugonjoola ensonga eno nga kitegeeza nti abantu bonna abazaalibwa oba abaatondebwa mu Amerika batuuze era nti balina obukuumi bwe bumu wansi w'amateeka. Ekyawerekebwa mu mateeka kyagaziya n'ennyonnyonnyola ekitegeeza nti abantu[ be baabeera n'abantu abaali abaddu. Kyokka, baafuba nnyo okutegeera nti ekisuubizo kino //[kusinziira ku Kkommenti y'eddembe lya Civil Rights, okulwanirira eddembe erivwooleka eddembe ly'okuvwo, n'okukubagattira ku ddembe n'okuyingira mu nsi.] Kino kyagaziwanyisa nti ebigambo bino tebirina kutegeeza bantu bonna ababadde baawulibwa mu ggwanga eritalimu.

Okunnyonnyola mu Kiseera Kyaffe n’Amakulu g’Omu Mateeka

Leero, ensibuko y'amateeka tekkirizibwa mu mateeka; kkooti zigamba nti tesobola kukozesebwa kutema mateeka. Kyokka, ebigambo bigamba nti: [FLT]“ Fy'FOLD [ bisangibwa mu mateeka n'obuwangwa bwa Amerika. Kkooti enkulu eyogera ku mateeka ga Bukulu nga kisomero kya Bulagirizi. Ng'ekyokulabirako, mu [FLT:] [FLT]]], mu 'MCulloch v. Maryland [1819], Kabona akakulu kalina kye kasonga ku lulimi olusooka.[[FLGON] [[FLD]] [FLD]] [5] [5] [ka] [ka][5][5][5]

Mu kyasa ekya 20, abakuutira eddembe ly'abantu baasabanga nga bagamba nti ffe abantu,, ebisuubizo bya 'Constitution' bisobola okutuuka ku Amereka bonna ka babe ba langi ki oba bakazi ba ngeri ki. Omukono oguyitibwa Martin Luther King Jr. Yayogeranga ku kutandika kwa ddembe I eyogera ku tteeka lya Katonda eriri mu ggwanga eryo nga lirina amakulu gennyini ag'enjigiriza yalyo. Ekiragiro era kirabikira ne ku ngeri abatuuze abappya gye balayiriramu okuwagira n'okulwanirira Amateeka g'ensi eyo.[FLT:] T]

Abantu abawakanya ennyo eby’obufuzi bagamba nti gavumenti eriko ekkomo eriko ekiwandiiko ekisinziirwako, era nti ebigambo ebyo bikyalimu enkola ey’okugezesa erinnya lyayo.

Okunokolayo Ebimu ku Biri mu Kitabo:

Ennyiriri zonna ez’Ekyasaanide zigamba bwe ziti:

Ffe Abantu ab’omu Amerika, tusobole okukola Endagaano Entegeke obulungi, okuteekawo obwenkanya, okusasula enzijanjaba ezikolebwa mu maka, okutumbula entebe y’eby’okwerinda, okutumbula ettutumu ly’eddembe era n’okuteekawo n’Emikisa egy’Okugoberera, tusigira era ne tussaawo etteeka lino erikwata ku Amerika.

Buli lugambo olukugobereranga “ F T [FLT] [FOLT] [FOLT] [] nga bategeeza ekigendererwa kya gavumenti empya: obwenkanya, emirembe, okwetaaza, obwesigwa, n'eddembe. Abakozi ba fayiro tebaazisaamu n'enkola nga bassawo ennungi ez'enjawulo. Baatwala nti be kakwate ne ‘ Enkola y'ekitebe ekikuluma, ’[[FLT] olukalala olwo lw'eby'amagye n'enkomera. Ebibadde bino byonna bifuuka ekikongoberamu enziganya abantu okutwalira awamu amateeka n'okuteekamu enkola y'obukuumi mu n'obutebe bwa kampulo. [[FLT:]

Ekiragiro [[NKULA:0]“ Kitongoza era ne kiteekawo”[ nakyo kikulu nnyo. Obutafaananako obufuzi obwa promone gye busikirwa, oba etteeka eriteekeddwa ab'obuyinza aba waggulu, okutongoza kitegeeza ekikolwa eky'abantu bonna awamu kye baagala. Abantu tebakkiriza bukkiriza nti ekiragiro ekibadde kibeerawo nga produkkulu eno weekiri; batonda lumu. Olulimi luno olw'ekika kino era olw'ekika kya ge jirikiti ekisinziirwako obuto.

Mu Kuyigiriza Okutuufu Leero

Okuyigiriza amakulu g'eki'oku[[NKULU:0] “FULT” [Twonna] tusigala nga tuli kitundu kya bannabyabufuzi mu Amerika. Ebigambo ebyo biyamba abayizi okutegeera amakulu g'obufuzi obwa bulijjo n'obuvunaanyizibwa obugendera awamu n'obutuuze. Programu nga ekitongole kya National Constitution Center era biyamba abayizi okunoonyereza amakulu g'obufuzi nga bakozesa eby'emboozi n'emizannyo.

Kyokka, omuyigirize era buteekwa okumanyira ddala enjawulo eriwo wakati w'ekituufu n'ekituufu. Abayigiriza batera okukozesa ennyanjula okunnyonnyola ebyafaayo ebireetebwawo era n'okufuba okusobola okugaziya eddembe lya bonna. Nga beekenneenya ani eyalekebwa mu 1787 era n'engeri enzivuunula z'amateeka gye zaagaziyaamu, abayizi bayiga nti okugezesa kwa Amerika kweyongera. kwekubadde kutuukiriza obwannannyini obumu obwa bulijjo.[[ tekimala kukolebwa, naye kyetaagisa okufuba okw'omulembe oguddako.

Olugero: Kyawandiikibwa

Amakulu ga [[NKULA][-0] tetuterekerwangako. Ku Convention eya Constitution, kyali kigendererwa kya kussaawo obwannannyini obwa bulijjo eri gavumenti y'eggwanga, okugivaako obuyinza. Era kyokaseerayo kwekoseza okukkiriza obuddu okweyongera mu maaso n'okugoba abakazi n'abantu ab' langi okuva ku busozi obwa bulijjo. Ebyavanga mu mateeka, ebisalibwawo ku kkooti enkulu ey'ensi yonna, n'ebibiina by'abantu, ennyinnyonnyola y'abantu [. Era kyongerikiti eyo era eresezza obuddu okulekawo n'okugoba obuddu obw'ennakulembedde.[5]

Leero, ebigambo bino bikyali nga bikulu nnyo mu kwogera, mu kwekalakaasa, mu kukakalasagana mu mateeka ne mu bisomero. Biwa obukakafu nti gavumenti y'ensi eriwo okuweereza abantu aba bulijjo, so si mu ngeri ndala. Ka kibe nti wabaddewo okuyomba mu by'obufuzi, “ Fywokka be bajjukiza eggwanga obuyinza obw'oku nti tebulina buyinza bwa bannakyewa oba ebitongole, naye nti buli kibiina kya bantu ab'eddembe.