Ensibuko z’Ebizibu mu Biseera eby’Edda

Entalo eyafuuka ebitundu ebitaano tebyajjawo omulundi gumu mu nkomerero za myaka gya 1960; yali nkomerero y'obukuubagano bw'eby'obufuzi, eby'eddiini, n'eby'enfuna mu Ireland. Oluvannyuma lw'okugabaawula Ireland mu 1921, ebitundu mukaaga eby'obukiika kkono obwa bukiikakkono bwa United Kingdom nga Ireland ow'omu Mambuka, ng'ate ebirala byafuuka Departemanti ya Irish Free Ireland (oluvannyuma ensi ya Ireland). Gavumenti empya yasikirizibwamu obutuuzeeko obutuuze bw'Abapolotesitante, obwali bufuga gavumenti ya poli, abasirikale, n'amatwalo ga gavumenti ga gavumenti ga gavumenti. Nationalsss, geeyagalira ennyo obukatuliki n'okugatta awamu ne Republic Republic, ne byoleka obusosoze obw'enkalakkalira mu mulimu, n'okukuba obuvvumba. Okuva mu mwaka gwa 1960, okufulumya obulala bungi, ettemu ery'ettemu lyakolebwa, naye lyalimu ku n'ennagobeemba z'abantu abakatuliki.

Ku ntandikwa y'emyaka gya 1970, olutalo olwo lwali luvuddemu emirundi esatu okulwanagana wakati w'amagye ga Ireland, IRA, amagye ga obwesigwa (nga Ulster Wologar Force, UVF), n'abamagye ba Bungereza. Okukuba amasasi, n'entalo ku nguudo ne ku nguudo, ne biviirako enkumi n'enkumi z'abantu okufiirwa amagye. Ettemu era ne liseseka ne mu Great Britain ne Republic of Ireland. Mu myaka asatu, abantu abasukka mu 3,600 battibwa era ne batuukibwako ebisago eby'amaanyi. Abantu ne baasaasaanyawo ebiwayinja by'amaanyi, ne kiba nga kiremedwa okutuuka ku kabenje, ate nga mu kiseera kyamagoba obungi mu ggwanga okugezaako okumanyibwa mu ggwanga lya Ireland.

Embeera yasigala nga nnywevu okutuusa mu myaka gya 1990, era nga kyeyoleka bulungi nti emboozi ez'ekyama ezaaliwo mu 1994 zaava ku John Hume (omukulembeze w'ekibiina kya Social Democratic and Labour Party, SDLP) ne Gerry Adams (Mukulembeze w'olukiiko lwa Sinnn Féin). Ennene 1994, amasasiro ga IRA ne k'aba omwesigwa byakola ddirisa okusobola okukubaganya ebirowoozo. Oluvannyuma lw'emboozi ez'ebika bya Ssematalo George Mitchell, olukalala olulungi olw'okutaano lwasaanibwa nga 10 Ogwwwwokubiri mu mwaka gwa 1998, Good Agreenters. Ebyawundaawunzibwa akaawe kaawunzibwa akaawunzibwa akaawumba aka Northin Ireland (71) (99%) ne Republic Republic Republic Republic of Ireland (9) nga ku makya mu Maayi addirira.

Emisingi n’Ebigambo

Ekiragiro Good Oxverence kyewandiikidde ekiwandiiko ekiteekako ensonga ezikwata ku mateeka, entegeka, n'entegeka z'abantu. Ku mutima gwayo kuliko enkyukanyo eyitibwa [ ekika ky'obufuzi].[1] Ekika eky'obuyinza obufuga enkola ya gavumenti okukakasa nti obutuuze n'obw'eggwanga biba na buyinza mu gavumenti era nti tewali buyinza kubusukkuluza.

Embeera ya puligati ne ssemateeka

Mu ndagaano eyo baddamu okukikakasa nti Northern Ireland kitundu kya Bungereza era nti wayinza okubaawo obumu mu Ireland singa abantu abasinga obungi mu Northern Ireland ne mu Ireland bagisemba. Omusingi guno gukkirizibwa okusemba obuwagizi obwalde nga tewaliiwo kkusifu ku buli muntu yenna. Nkyukakyuka eyo yagonjooka. Obufumbo obwo bwalina okukkirizibwa okusigala mu Kibiina kya Bungereza ate nga mu kiseera kye kimu buwa abantu b'eggwanga ekkubo ery'okugoberera ebiruubirirwa byabwe, nga kuliko omuntu ayagala okukkirizibwa okukkirizibwa okukkirizibwa okulwana omusaalaba.

Eggulu Esooka: Olukuŋŋaana Olukulu mu Mambuka ga Ireland n’Okwewala Obusosoze

Ekiragiro kino kyatongozebwa mu Ssumont mu ggwanga lya Ireland. Ekiragiro kino kyatandikibwawo ab'ekibiina ekimu ekirwanirira amateeka n'eggwanga lya Isiraeri. Ekiragiro kino kisalawo ku nsonga enkulu ezikwata ku bantu ab'enjawulo. Abakulu b'ekitongole kya Amereka (kakiiko aka) kakubirizibwa kati kayitibwa Minisita eyasooka era omumyuka w'omukulu w'ekibiina kya GGO) era alina obuyinza obukyenkanankana ne[1] obwava ku kibiina ekinene eky'eggwanga. Enteekateeka eno ekakasa nti tewali kibiina kyonna kiyinza kufuga kibiina kirala. Ekibiina ekyo era kikakasa nti ab'obuyinza (kakiiko akakulu ak'oku .) era n'abakulu mu bibiina ebirala bateekwa okulondebwa okukulemberwa ebifo byabwe.

Strand II: Olukiiko lw’Abaweereza olw’omu bukiika kkono n’olw’obukiika ddyo

Okusobola okunyweza enkolagana wakati wa Northern Ireland ne Republic of Ireland, endagaano yatandikawo Olukiiko lw'Abaweereza mu bukiika kkono olw'obukiikaddyo. Akakiiko kano kagatta wamu abaweereza okuva mu masaza gano gakoleganira wamu ku nsonga gamba ng'obulimi, eby'entambula n'eby'okulambula. Gavumenti teri bumu naye y'esobola okubumanya era n'okukolera awamu. Endagaano eno yakakasa nti obwa Ireland bulina akakwate ne mpuliziganya ne Republic ate nga kikakasa abatuuze b'obumu nti teringa olukulembedde olukulembedde.

Olukiiko olw'okusatu: Olukiiko olw'Abangereza n'Olukiiko lwa gavumenti

Mu ndagaano eyo era mwatandikawo Olukiiko lwa Bungereza olw'ebuvanjuba, olwali luva mu magatte ga UK ne Irland, awamu n'abakulembeze b'e Scotland, Wales, ne Northern Ireland.

Entegeka z’Abantu, Empisa Ennungi, n’Obwenkanya Bikyuka

Okusobola okugonjoola ensonga z'eggwanga kyali kyetaagisa enkyukakyuka ez'amaanyi mu nkola y'amateeka.

  • Enzivvuunuzi y'e Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC), eyali enkukanyi era nga n'Abaprotestanti era nga batwalibwa ab'eggwanga okuba ba nukuta. The Patten Report (99) kye kyaviirako okutandikawo enkola y'Abapoliisi okuweereza mu Northern Ireland (PSNI), nga eno egoberera enkola eya 50:50 ey'okulonda Abakatuliki n'Abapolotesitante, ne akakiiko akafuzi akappya aka Kkoonamenti.
  • [[AKMENTI]] Enkola y'ekitongole ekikola ku ddembe ly'obuntu mu bukiika kkono bwa Ireland okukakasa nti amateeka n'enkola bigendera ku mitindo gy'entegeka z'abantu mu Bulaaya.
  • [[Act:0] Era okutonda omulimu ogw'okugatta [[[Act:1] n'okuteekawo amateeka agakwata ku busosoze era n'okusobozesa abantu okufuna omukisa gwenkanankana.
  • [[AGUMENTI:0] Esooka, basibe [[[KATA:1] baatabangula basibe aba bulijjo [ekimu ku bintu ebikulu ennyo mu nteekateeka y'emirembe, era abasibe okuva ku njuyi zonna baasumululwa mu myaka ebiri gyokka, kasita entegeka zaabwe zaakoma okuggirawo ddala omuliro.
  • [[AGUMENTI]] Okuyingiza ebyokulwanyisa bya jaasi[[[:1] mu myaka ebiri, ekiruubirirwa ekyakalubya naye oluvannyuma lw'okuteesa okuwera kyatuukirira.
  • [[NKUMBO:0] Okufuula enkola ey'eby'obukuumi okuba entegeke ennungi[[[KYUM:1], nga mwe muli okuvaako omunaala gw'amagye ga Bungereza n'okukendeeza ku ntebe y'amagye mu Northern Ireland.

Endowooza ey’Amangu Ereetera Ettemu n’Obunnabyabufuzi Okukendeera

Ekyasingira ddala okulabika okuva ku kitongole ekikola ku by'obufuzi ekyagobererwa ku kitongole ekikola ku bulungi ku Lwokubiri, era nga bwe kyagobererwa. Emyaka egyaddirira 1998, abantu abafa okuva ku ntalo ezaaliwo okuva ku bantu bangi okutuuka ku bikumi; oluvannyuma lw'omwaka 1998, omuwendo gw'abajaasi gwakendeera ne guba gwa muwendo mungibwa ku muwendo gw'abafumbo abangi.

Mu by'obufuzi, endagaano eyo yagatta wamu abaali ab'obulabe mu gavumenti. Okussaawo obwetwaze obwa nnamunigina mu 1999, David Trimble (Ulster Union Party) yasooka kukuŋŋaana nga Minisita ne Seamus Mallon (SDLP) omumyuka w'Omukulembeze w'obukulembeze Obusooka. Omulundi ogwasooka, Sinn Féin .hrier eky'obufuzi ekya IRA / obuweereza. Enkolagana eno eya bulijjo ey'ebyobufuzi yajjawo. Amawanga agaasattugaasa era agaakyasiddwa mu nteekateeka za gavumenti, ne bwe gasigala nga tegalina kye gakola.

Olugendo olw’Emirembe Oluwanvu

Omukolo gw’okuzzaawo emirembe tegukoma ku mukolo gumu, wabula guba muwanvu, era tegutera kuba gwa njawulo.

Obutebenkevu n’Enkyukakyuka: Endagaano ey’Okusooka

Mu kiseera kino, Northern Ireland yafugibwa butereevu okuva e London. Ebitongole ebyava mu buyinza byalekebwawo emirundi mingi olw'ebizibu. Ekisinga okuteeka essira ku ebyo byaliwo okuva mu Okitobba 2002 okutuuka mu Maayi 2007, nga waguddewo ekitongole ekivuga ebigambo ebya IRA empewo y'enkessi mu 2007, kati n'ekibiina kya Democratic Union Union (Dupuce) ne Sin Féin nga ebiva mu bibinja ebibiri ebinene. Paisley, omukulembeze omwesigwa era omwesigwa eyagaana okwogera ku ggwanga lya Lerban, yafuuka omukulembeze w'ekitongole ekisooka Martin McGin (Fin).

Okufaayo ku Biseera eby’Edda

Ekimu ku bintu ebisoomooza ennyo mu kuzzaawo emirembe oluvannyuma lw'okuginyweza kiri kikyasiimye. Enkumi n'enkumi z'abantu abafa, n'ebiwundu ebitategekebwa, era n'ebiruyi ebitategekebwa. Ekirango ekirungi ku Lw'okutaano kyatandikawo era ne kikomya omulimu gw'okuyingiza abakosebwa n'abaawonawo[[[FLT:]. Kyokka, ekitongole eky'eby'emirembe nga [[FLT:] era n'eb'eb'eb'eb'eb'ak'ensonga ez'ensonga ez'enjawulo, ebibamba bya bannabyo ebiva mu kifo kya waggulu, okukomyawo n'okwenenya mu by'ebyo ebikolebwa.[FLTY'olupapula olusooka] ne "NKUSA" ebiba ebiba ebiba ebiba bitegekebwa mu ggwanga eri mu Northernern Ireland (Nststlk) ebiyinza okumanyibwa ennyo okumanyibwa ennyo okutatawa. obuvunaanyizibwa obutuufu n'ebyo ebiva mu mawanga n'ebyo ebiva mu mawanga ebivamu ku

Enkyukakyuka mu by’Enfuna ne mu by’Enfuna

Emirembe gyaleetawo enkyukakyuka mu by'enfuna. Okusaasaanya ssente kyava mu Northern Ireland nga mw'otwalidde ne US okuyitira mu Ntengo ey'ensi yonna ewa Ireland. Tourism gyeyambula, ekibuga Belfast ne kiddamu okubumbibwa, era n'eby'enfuna by'ensi y'ensi y'omu Northern Ireland byeyongera nnyo n'okusinga ebigo by'Abapolotesitante mu kiseera eky'emyaka mingi. Kyokka, obusosoze mu bantu bugazi n'obusosoze eby'eby'omulembe ebyakolebwako. Abaana abasinga obungi basigala mu mayumba ne mu masomero g'Abakatuliki oba ag'obupolotesitanteko. Ebisenge eby'omuka n'ebifo ebirala eby'Abakatuliki byegattidde mu maka ga Belfast, wadde nga agamu ku makyafulumidde oba nga gaagiddwawo mu myaka egyakayita.

Ebizibu Ebiriwo mu Kibiina

Nga wayiseewo emyaka nga asatu oluvannyuma lw'endagaano eyo, emirembe mu Northern Ireland giyolekagana n'okupikirizibwa okuppya. Briet kye kikyasinze okutaataagaaganya. Okuva mu Buvanjuba bwa Bulaaya kyatandikawo ensalo wakati wa Northern Ireland (ekyasigala mu katale k'EUUNI ka ka kalina eby'obugagga wansi wa Northern Ireland mu Mateeka ga Katonda) ne Great Britain. Kino kireetedde abagatta awamu okukitwala ng'okunafuya obufumbo, era ne kiviiriddeko obukyayitidde mu by'obufuzi. DUP yagoba amaanyi mu bukiika kkono emyaka ebiri. 20222224) mu mateeka, ate nga gavumenti egenda egenda egenda mu mu kifo ttemu, ate nga n'eby’eby’obufuzi bikulaakulaakulaakula okuva mu 1998, ekitongole kyabuutiddwa.

Obuzibu obulala bwe tulina bwe buno:

  • [[AZIMBI:0] Enkola ey'amagye[[[KY'OKUZIMBA:1]]: Wadde ng'omuliro guyimiriza, ebibiina by'abasirikale bikyakola, naddala mu bifo emirimu gye gikolebwamu, n'okufuga obumenyi bw'amateeka era n'olulala n'okubonereza.
  • [[AK'AMUTANDIKI]] Obudde obw'ekika kya nukuta: abantu bangi babaako obutuuti obw'enjawulo, obuwandise obw'enjawulo, n'obugambo ebikolebwako bitera okuleetawo obuzibu.
  • [[[Act:0]] Obubonero obw'embeera ey'eby'obulamu[[[KATANDIKWA:1]: Obulwadde bw'obwongo, nga mw'otwalidde n'obw'okweraliikirira oluvannyuma lw'okukwatibwa kw'okweraliikirira, bweyongera obungi ku abo abaayita mu bizibu.
  • [[Act:0] Ekiragiro ekigatta abantu aba bulijjo[: okukendeera kw'empaka ezitagudde lubege (ekika kya SDLP ne Ulster Union Union) era okweyongera kw'ekika kya DUP ne Sin Féin kukiviiriddemu obuzibu.

Amakulu g’Ensi Yonna n’Ebyo Bye Tuyiga

Okukkiriziganya Okulungi okw'Okutaano kutera okulabibwa ng'ekyokulabirako eky'okuleetawo emirembe mu nsi yonna, okuva mu Buwalabu okutuuka mu Bulaaya.Essiraamu mwe muli:

  • Obukulu bw'ennyimba [[AK'AWATANDIKWA] ezivaako ennyunzi zonna enkulu ezireeta ku mmeeza, nga n'ezo edda ezitwalibwa nga "bamenyi b'amateeka".
  • Omuwendo gwa [[KITL:0] empandika ey'eby'obufuzi[[KIT:1]], ku kino ogwakolebwa Amerika, ne kisobozesa omuyiiya ataliiko ludda (Mukungu George Mitchell) n'obuwagizi mu by'obufuzi.
  • Obwetaavu bw'eki [[AZIMBI:0] obwa digiti [[AK'AWANDIIKI] obwo obukwata ku buli ludda(okutuusibwako ensonga), n'obukalu obuliwo mu buli ludda.
  • Ekiragiro eki''['Akabonero:0] ky'oteekako engeri esobozesa amaanyi okuwanirira wagitirpu[[':1], gamba nga okwejjukanya enkuŋŋaana obutayosa n'okukuuma obutundu obwekulembedde.

Kyokka, endagaano eyo era etujjukiza nti emirembe si kifo kya kutwalibwa gye gibeera, wabula okulabirirwa buli kiseera, okukubirizibwa, eby’obufuzi, n'okubeera omwetegefu okutuukana n'embeera ezikyukakyuka.

Okwo Kufundikira: Obusika obw’Olubeerera

Ekivume ekibadde kigondeddwa ku Lwokubiri kisobodde okugonjoola obutakkaanya obwava mu ntalo.[1] Ekikolwa kino kyasobozesa obukadde n'obukadde bw'abantu okufuna obumenyi bw'amateeka, era kyalaga nti n'entalo ez'amaanyi ezizze zigonjoolwa okuyitira mu kunyumya, okwegatta, okugattika, n'obuvumu. Abayizi b'ebyafaayo, eby'obufuzi, n'okunoonyereza ku mirembe, byeyongera okuyiga engeri y'okuleetawo emirembe oluvannyuma lw'olutalo. Abantu b'omu Northern Ireland gye basobola okuzzaawo emirembe egya bulijjo, naye nga bagoberera obukyayinjabi, naye nga basuubira nti kye batayinza kukola. Emirembe egyo gye giyinza okusobozesa abantu okuzzaawo emirembe egya bulijjo, naye nga bwe giba nga babadde nga bazzeeko obwenkanya.

Okumanya ebisingawo, laba [[KITLL:0] Aguuncil ku Britannica[[:1], '[[KITLL:2] BBC'ekyamalanga nga tekinnaba kusoma, ne [[[KITOMBE:3][[OLLT:4] ebikkirizidwa ku K'Aka 'KIB'.]