Table of Contents

Okutegeera Ekikulu: Ekiyinza Okuyamba Buli Mutuuze

Electoral College y'ekola mu ngeri nti, Amereka gasalawo Pulezidenti waago era y'esobozesa obukulembeze bwa Pulezidenti waayo okulonda buli luvannyuma lw'emyaka ena. Enkola eno eyatandikibwawo mu mateeka ga Amereka, ezingiramu abalonde abalaga ebiva mu kalulu mu buli ssaza lya Columbia. Abantu bangi bategeera engeri gye kiyinza okubuzaabuza oba okutabulatabulamu, naye era balina ekifo ekikulu mu ku bikwata ku kaweefube wa prezidenti, oba mu ku nsonga enkulu ezikwata ku ggwanga.

Enkola eno si demokulase butereevu mu ngeri esingayo obulungi. Wabula, yakolebwa nga kyogeza ku kulonda okwa bulijjo n'okulonda okugattiddwa. Leero, esigala nga y'ebitundu ebikubagana ebirowoozo ku bufuzi bwa Amereka.

Ebyafaayo: Obwesige Obuva eri Bataata

Mu kifo ky’ekyo, baatandikawo ensi eyo baatandikayo ekibuuzo ekikulu: Eggwanga lyandironze litya ng’omukulu waalyo alikulembera?

Olukuŋŋaana olw’Etteeka mu 1787

Ababeezi ab'enkuŋŋaana baalowooza ku ngeri ez'enjawulo ez'okulonda omukulembeze. Abamu baagezaako okulonda obululu obwanditutte abantu nga bawa abatuuze eddoboozi. Abalala baayagala okulonda okuva ku lukiiko nga lugamba nti omutuuze atalina kumanya kutuufu. Ate era abamu baali baagala amakanisa aga gavumenti okusalawo. Buli kironde kyaleetawo obuzibu. Okulonda okw'enkuudo kwabanga kuwadde obuyinza bungi ebifuga abantu. Congresssionation yateeka obulamu mu kabi okulonda Pulezidenti eyalante mu ku ttabi ly'abateekwakuli b'obuyinza, ne kireetawo ekivumenyo ku ku kuyawulawo.

Connecticut Yekkiriranya n’Ebizibu Byayo

Ekigo kyava mu kkomo ly'abasibe ery'okudda e bugonjoole eryali limaze okugonjoolebwa mu Congress. Mu ngeri eyo, ennyuma y'enkola eyo, ennyunzi z'abantu baagigabanyamu, ate olukiiko olukulu lwa Ssemakatimu ne luwa buli ssemasaza ebbiri essaawa buli ssemakatimba. Electoral College nayo y'eyoleka endowooza eno. Buli ggwanga lifuna omuwendo gwa balonda (bulijjo 2) nga lisobola okugatta omuwendo gw'ababaka ba baawesi (obwenkanankanankanankana omuwendo gw'abantu). omuwendo guno guwagira ebitundu ebitono ebiva mu bitundu eby'obuwagizi.

Okutegeka mu Ngeri Etagudde Lubege mu Gavumenti ne mu Maanyi

Era baali baagala Electoral College eteeketeeketeeke obuyinza n'obuyinza bwa gavumenti. Abateesiteesi bandirondeddwa gavumenti, naye ne bakuŋŋaanya wamu okulonda ng'ekibiina ky'eggwanga. Kino kyagaana abakulembeze b'eggwanga okufuga obukulembeze ate ne bakakasa nti gavumenti zirina ekifo ekikulu mu kulonda. Okugatta ku ekyo, abaatandikawo ensi baali beeraliikirira nti obuyinza n'obulombolombo obuva mu mawanga amalala bye byandireese. Nga basalawo okulonda ekiteeso, basuubira nti bajja kukendeeza ku kabi ak'okukwata ku nkulaago oba okulonda ekirondebwawo.

Engeri Eskolero lya Electoral gye likolamu: Okusasika kw'emitendera ku ginnaalyo

Enkola y'e Electoral College eyita mu mitendera egiwera, okuva ku kulonda abalonde okutuusa ku kiwandiiko ekisembayo mu kakiiko akafuzi ak'ensi yonna. Okutegeera buli ddaala ly'okutegeera engeri ebikeberwa gye bifuukira pulezidenti.

Ebitundu Ebigaba Obusobozi bw’Okuyiga

Omuwendo gwa bannambala bonna awamu guva ku kugatta 435 ku Nnyumba ey'abalaguzi, 100 senator, era ne saabakyala basatu abatwala disiturikiti ya Columbia nga bwe kyakkirizibwa olukalala lwa 23 ssemajijita. Buli ggwanga lifuna abalonde basatu abalaga okulondebwa kwalyo nga bassenanti ate nga omubaka omu. Ekitundu ekisinga okubaamu abantu ab'enjawulo, California, kirina abalonde 54, so ng'ate nga Wiyoming, Vermont, ne Alaska buli ggwanga kirina ebitundu bisatu.

Engeri Abo Abayiga gye Balondebwa

Abalonde si bakungu ba gavumenti oba abalonderwa obululu. Mu kifo kya ekyo, buli kibiina kya gavumenti kyerondera amabala gaakyo kukimu mu nkuŋŋaana ennene oba nga kivvunnanta akakiiko akakulu ak'ekibiina. Abalonda bano ba lukalala lwa bakungu, oba bannakyewa abamaze ebbanga ddene. Omuntu bw'akuba obululu ku mukulembeze, aba alonda ekiwandiiko ekya bannaakyewa eky'okulonda abalonde. Mu mawanga mangi, omuteesi awangula akalulu k'abalondesemba k'eggwanga eryo bonna bafuna obululu bwonna obw'omululu. Kino kimanyiddwa nga abakungu abawandisizza abanyaga n'abalonde bonna abawangi.

'Ow War-oll' - '.' Sisitemu ya disiturikiti ey'obudde --wer-oll' - .

Wadde nga mu masaza 48 ne disiturikiti ey'omu Columbia, mu ngeri yonna ewangulwamu, Maine ne Nebraska bakozesa enkola eya mu disiturikiti. Buli ssaza lirina okulonda ekisinziirwako okusinziira ku kalulu eya bulijjo mu disiturikiti eyo, era ekitongole kya disiturikiti kilonda ebiba bitegekeddwa abalonde ababiri abo abawangula mu bujjuvu. Sisitemu eno ekkiriza abawagizi abaawuka abaawulufu abaawulufu. Ng'ekyokulabirako, Maine akutulamudde obululu bwalyo mu kulonda okwakayita okwakayita okwakayita, era nga buli omu ku mulonde asinziira ku bivudde mu disitulikiti. emirundi egimu ekiteegiro kino kiragiro kiragibwa ng'ekiteeyambi ekirala ekiva mu ku ku ku ku kuwangula n'okulonda bonna.

Omutemezo ogw’Okubiri n’Emiganyulo gyagwo

Ekiragiro kyakkirizibwa buli mukulembeze okulonda emirundi ebiri mu lukalala lw'abaddusi naye n'afuuka omukulembeze w'obukulembeze. Enkola eno yasasika mu kulonda okwa 1800, Thomas Jefferson ne munne addukanya ye Aaron Burr bwe baafuna omuwendo gwe gumu ogw'abalonde, nga bakuba akalulu mu Nnyumba y'Ababakabaka. Olukalala olw'ekkumi n'omusanvu, olwatongozebwa mu 1804, lwaggyawo nga abalonde bakuba akalulu okwa Pulezidenti ne Pulezidenti. Obweyaw'awukanya bwe butyo bwe bukyakola leero era ne buziyiza obuteesoozi obwali mu mwaka gwa 1804, obutongole obukola okulonda Pulezidenti ne Pulezidenti.

Ekireta era n’Abawa Obukulembeze Obulungi

Ekkubo erituusa ku nnaakalyako y’omukozi w’ekitongole ekyo liba litwetaagisa okumanya ennamba ze ziyinza okuteegera, era nga teritera kubaawo mu nkola y’okukwata amakonkolaasa.

Ekisulo eky’Okugenda mu Mambuka 270

Mu 538 abalonda bonna awamu, omunyabikkirizi ateekwa okuwangula 270 okufuna obukulembeze. Kino kye kimu ku bisinga obungi. Omunyamerika atuuka 270 ku Budde obw'okulonda alangibwa nga Prezidenti nga kalulu wa Electoral College agikuba mu Ddesemba, era akakiiko akasobozesa ebiva mu mu mukolo gwa Jjanwali. Aba 270 okuwangula nga tafunye akalulu k'eggwanga, kasita basalawo okusalawo empewo ebya bulijjo nga bakuba: 1824, 188, 1888, 2000. 2016

Okulonda Okusingawo mu Nnyumba y’Ababaka

Singa omuteesiteesi tatuuka ku kulonda okw'ekika kya 270, etteeka liragira okulonda ekiwaatwa mu Nnyumba y'abalaawuzi. Kino kibaddewo emirundi ebiri, mu 1800 ne 1824. Mu kulonda okw'ababaka abawagizi abali ku kika kya nnamba, buli kabaka kalonda kalonda ka omuwansi ka Prezidenti ka babe bamu ku bantu b'eggwanga. Kino kitegeeza nti gavumenti ntono zirina obunene obw'ebifo obunene mu nkola eno. Ennyumba elonda abagenda okulonda abagenda okulondebwa basatu mu n'abalabiri abavudde mu kika kya 50, era ng'ensonga ezisinga obungi (okuva ku 50) zeetaagisa okuwangula. Olukiiko lw'abakulembeze b'eggwanga olusinga obunene buli omuteereddwamu. Okulonda okw'obutongole okunoonyereza kukolebwa ku nsonga y'ebyobufuzi kutwalibwa ng'okusemba okutuukira ddala mu nkola eya Elolseekulu.

Abo Abayiga Enjigiriza n’Abakuumibwa mu by’Amateeka Obutabaako kukkiriza

Ekiragiro ekivvuunula omunyago mu kifo ky'omulonde gwe baasuubiza okulonda. Abalonde abataalina kukkiriza tebabaddewo mu byafaayo bya Amerika, naye babaddewo mu bifo eby'enjawulo. Eggwanga ezimu zirina amateeka agasobola okubonereza abalonde abatalina kukkiriza nga babaako ssente ze babaggyako oba nga baggibwawo. Mu 2020, Kkooti enkulu eyafuga mu [FL:0] Cafalo v. Washington

Amakulu n’Ebigambo Ebiba mu Kkolero Erimu Amakulu

Ekitongole kya Electoral College kirina kinene nnyo kye kikola ku ngeri kaweefube wa ba pulezidenti gy’addukanyizibwamu, engeri abakuba akalulu gye bakubamu obululu, n’engeri obuyinza gye bubunyisibwamu mu Amerika yonna.

Okukuuma ab’Essaza Abatono

Emu ku nsonga enkulu ezitakkaanya Electoral College eri nti kikuuma ebigendererwa bya gavumenti n'ebifo eby'omu byalo. Kubanga buli ggwanga lifuna obululu bwa mirundi esatu kasooti bwa bantu, gavumenti nga tezirina bantu bangi abangi abasobola okulonda mu bitundu ebisukka mu 72,000. Ng'ekyokulabirako, empuga z'eggwanga zonna zirina ababeerako ababeera mu nsi nga 5800,000 n'abavwoota basatu abalonde, oba omuntu omu ku buli muntu ku buli bantu 193,000. California alina ababeerako ababeera obukadde 39 n'abavugibwa, oba abantu 54 abalonde b'abalonde ku bantu 72,000. Kino kitegeeza nti abantu abalonde bano basinga okuvwoza mu bitundu ebitono.

Ekizimbe Ekizimba Emibiri

Kaweefube akubiriza abo abagenda okukuba akalulu kalina okuyita mu bitundu ebitali bimu, okusala obuwangwa bw'abantu n'eby'enfuna. Olw'okuba okuwangula kukwetaagisa okulonda 270 okuva mu bitundu eby'enjawulo, kaweefube teyeetaaga bululu bwa nukususi. Kaweefube teyetaagibwa kusobola kutwala bantu mu bizinga ebifunda ssemaster, Sun Belt, ne ku lubalama lw'ennyanja. Abawagizi baatirizza, ne banyweza obumu mu ggwanga era ne balemesa abo ababa baagala okulonda obusinga okuteeka essira ku n'obutebenkenkevu.

Electoral College Direpancy

Ekintu ekisinga okuyo okukaayana ku Electoral College kwe kusobozesa omuntu okuwangula akalulu akaafiirwa obululu mu ggwanga. Ekyo kyaliwo mu 2000, George W. Bush bwe yawangula obukulembeze ng'alonda abantu 271 nga bafiirwa obululu nga bakuba akalulu aka Al Gore nga 5400,000. Mu 2016, Donald Trump yawangula akalulu ka 304 akavvuunulibwa nga nga bwe kataagibwa mu ggwanga lya Leold Clinton ng'aweza obukadde 2.9 obululu. Ebivuddemu bino byongera kookolo k'okuzza akako ka ka ka ka kalonda, ng'abavugibwa abasosootaanyi nti enkola eyinza okuleetera abantu okusuula obululu obwa demooti nga 50,000. Abawagidde mu 2016 balaga nti Elctoral College ekuumibwa mu ggwanga lya ggwanga lya ggwanga lya waggulu, so tebya k'ebyo ebitongole ebitongole ebimanyibwa.

Okuvumirira n’Enkaayana Ezirwanibwa Okuleetawo Enkyukakyuka

Electoral College ebadde eyolekaganye n'okusoomoozebwa okw'amaanyi mu byafaayo bya Amerika era ebirowoozo bingi ebikoleddwa okuleetawo enkyukakyuka bigenze mu maaso. Okutegeera ensonga zino kikulu nnyo okusobola okumanya obusobozi n'obunafu bw'enteekateeka eno.

Abasinga Obututumufu Batabagana n’Ebigambo Ebitali Bimu

Abakugu mu by'obufuzi bagamba nti mu nkola eya demokulase, oyo alondebwa awangula obululu. Bagamba nti bappaapassan abataano bawangudde obululu obw'enjawulo naye ne babula mu Electoral College.

Enkyukakyuka mu Kwebaka mu Bibuga

Kubanga eggwanga abasinga obungi beesigika mu kulonda pulezidenti oba mu Republican, kaweefube w'okukuba akalulu, ye yeemalira nnyo ku nsi entono ezimanyiddwa nga gavumenti ezivuganya. Mu 2020, gavumenti nga kkumi na bbiri ze zaalwanirwa ddala nga zimala ebiseera bingi n'essente mu bitundu nga Florida, Pennsylvania, Michigan, Wisconsin, Arizona, ne Georgia. Ebya bulijjo ebitongole ebirabika obulungi bibuusa amaaso olw'enkampeera. Kino kitegeeza nti abantu abagoba mu ggwanga mu nvinnyonyi baanyi baatwala ensonga ez'amaanyi nga za gavumenti ez'ekika kya proteeba.

Endagaano y’Abatuuze ab’Omu Bukiikaddyo bw’Ensi Yonna

National Popular Vote Interstate Convention (NPVIC) gakola okukomyawo enkyukakyuka ku Electoral College nga tewannaba kukyusa mateeka. Mu kiseera kya kkoominti, gavumenti zikkiriza okuwa empeera bonna abalondebwa okulonda abawangula obululu bw'eggwanga, ka kibe nti ekikolebwako kiyinza ku nkyukakyuka mu ggwanga lyabwe. Ekiragiro kino kikola singa ensi ezigattiddwa zikwataganya zikwata ku nkyukakyuka 270. Mu 2025, okunoonyereza okwo kukoleddwa ebitongole nga 16 oba disitulikiti 205 ebikola obululu. Wadde nga ebitongole ebyo binoonyereza ku nsonga ezitegekeddwa mu mateeka era n'okugootawaanya, era nga n'ebibuuzo ebizikwata ku mateeka gaago, bikiikirira okufuba okulongoolesa okw'okweyongerayongera okw'enkyukakyuka mu nkola y'okutambula.

Enkaayana Ezirwanirirwa ku Kkolero lya Electoral

Abakungu ba Electoral College bassaawo ebifo ebitali bimu ebiwakanya gavumenti. Bagamba nti enkola eno ekuuma obutuuti nga ewa obuwagizi obw'okulonda abalangira ebiwagirwa ba prezidenti. Bagamba nti ekubiriza okutandikawo ebikambinja ebinene era eziyiza omuwanguzi okuwangula nga yeemalira ku bibuga ebitono. Era era eraga obutebenkevu n'enkulaakulana mu nteekateeka ya sistemu, ebibaddewo okumala ebyasa bibiri nga waliwo okusoberwa okusingawo okw'amaanyi. Abawanguzi abamu balabula nti mu kifo ky'okuleeta ekkolero eri mu ggwanga, bawandisizza obululu, obuwambe, n'enkaago zonna eziba mu nsi, mu kifo ky'okulaga obutakkaago.

Ensonga Enkulu ku Nsonga Enkulu

  • era osobola okulonda mu bujjuvu nga okikiikirira obutuuti obwa mu Nnyumba bwonna (435), ebitebe mu Sekete (100), ne bannannyini disitulikiti basatu abalonde ku Columbia.
  • [[Act:0] Akawayiro kano kalonda nga kalonda nga byetaagibwa okusobola okufuna obuyigirize obwa waggulu[[Akabonero:1]. Kino kye kimu ku biyingizibwa ebisinga obunene mu koopiyuli.
  • [[Akawayiro:0] Abalabirizi balondebwa gavumenti[, so si nga kiragiro kya gavumenti. Buli kibiina kya gavumenti kilonda olukalala lw'abalonde okuyitira mu mateeka gaakyo, nga gano bwe gali ku nkuŋŋaana ennene ez'eggwanga oba nga kivvuunulibwa akakiiko k'ekika.
  • Ebirondedwa ebisinga obungi bikozesa enkola eya buli omu gy'afuna[, nga kitegeeza omuteesiteesi afuna obululu bwonna obutegekebwa mu ssemattu. Maine ne Nebraska ze zokka eziyinza okuteebwa mu ngeri egoberera enkola eya disiturikiti ey'okulonda ebiba bitegekeddwa.
  • sisitemu eyinza okuvaamu abawanguzi ab'enjawulo mu kulonda n'okulonda nga bwe kyali mu kulonda okwa 2000 ne 2016. Okugattika kuno kuleetawo obutakkaanya ku ku nkyukakyuka ezikoleddwa mu kulonda.
  • [[Act:0] Abalonda abatakkiririza mu Katonda tebokka ate nga kisoboka[[NKULA]. Kkooti esinga obukulu ewagidde eddembe ly'amawanga okuwa obulango n'okubonereza abo abava ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabwe.
  • [[NKUMBO]] Okulonda kukolebwako singa tewali mubatize atuuka ku 270. Mu kiragiro ekyo, House elonda Prezidenti, ng'ababaka ba gavumenti bakuba akalulu kamu kokka, ate Ssemateeka n'alonda Pulezidenti ow'ekika kya Price.
  • [[NKULA] Electoral College si kifo ekya bulijjo. Abalulu bakuŋŋaanya mu bikulu by'eggwanga lyabwe ku Bbalaza ku mulundi ogusooka oluvannyuma lwa mwezi gwa ssande mu mwezi gwa Ddesemba okukuba obululu.

Ebiseera eby’Omu Maaso Bya Kakiiko Akakulu ak’Electoral: Okukyuka, Okuwakana, n’Ekkubo Eriri mu Maaso

Kampuni eziyitibwa Electoral College ze zikyakyasinze okukubaganyizibwako ebirowoozo ku ngeri y'ebyobufuzi mu Amerika. okukuba akasawo kulaga nti Abamerika abasinga obungi bawagira obululu obutongole obutongole bwa ggwanga naye nga bawagira ebibiina. Aba Republican batera okulwanirira Electoral College, kyokka nga n'aba Democrat batera okuvumirira ekiwandikiro, wadde ng'ebifo ebyo bye basinziira ku kiwandikiro ekibadde kiganyulwa mu nkola y'okulonda obululu.

Kiwandiiko ekiraga nti waliwo ekiba kigenda okugobererwa mu mateeka n'ekirala ekyo tekikwatagana na

Okutereeza Electoral College kyetaagisa okutereeza enzivuunula ya mateeka. Okutereeza kulina okuyita ku mayumba ga Congress nga galimu emirundi ebiri mu nsatu enkulu era ne kukkirizibwa n'akazisasasatu mu magatte (38 ku 50). N'otageraageranya ekiba kiwandikiddwawo kino okuzzaawo enzijjuvu, ekiyinza okumalirizibwa okudda mu kifo kya Electoral College nga tewali kukkakka wakati w'amasaza. National Population Vote Interstate Convition kyewation ek'etak'ekiramyanti mu mateeka. Abawakanya ensonga zigamba nti, naddala mu lukalala lwa Claus, olusemba olusemba okukkirizibwa okukkirizibwa mu bitundu ebisaanyeenyezebwa.

Enkyukakyuka mu Kibiina ky’Eggwanga n’Ekifo ky’Emikolo

Enkyukakyuka ziyinza okuva ku nkyukakyuka mu nkyukakyuka. Ebitundu ebimu birowoozese okuleka enkola eya kaweefube-yonna awatali kugoberera enkola eyakozesebwa mu Maine ne Nebraska. Abalala bakubaganye ku kugaba mu nkyukakyuka ezikolebwa ku balonda. Enkyukakyuka zino mu ggwanga tezijja kuba nga gavumenti zilina okukimaanya enkola eya Elctoral College nga ziwagidde enkola zonna ez'okuwangula. Ate era, okukyuka kw'amateeka agafuga engeri y'okulondamu abalonde oba engeri empandika z'amasaza gye gayinza okusobozesaamu bannaanyi abalonde okukyusa enkola ya Electoral College.

Electoral College mu kiseera eky'okujjuzaamu

Mu kiseera kino eky'okulonda n'okusosola okw'amaanyi mu bantu abamu, Electoral College efuuse ekifo eky'ebibuuzo eky'okukuba empaka ku bikwata ku kutongoza oba okulonda mu nkola ya demokulase. Mu kiseera kino, okulonda okwa 2020 mu Electoral College ne kunokolayo obululu, abantu bangi bakyesigamya nnyo mu nkola y'okulonda abalonde. Electoral College teriyinza kukyusibwa mangu oba kudda mu kifo kyayo, naye ejja kusigala nga y'omutwe omukulu ogw'okukubaganya ebirowoozo mu mu mukolo gwa prezidenkola. Omuntu bw'ategeera enkola esooka, y'esobozesa abantu okukuba n'ensonga ez'amakulu eri abantu abamu ku ngeri abantu gye basalawo okukulemberamu abakulembeze.

Mafundikira: Ensonga Lwaki Essomero lya Electoral Lirina ky’ Likukwatako

Ka kibe nti obeera mu nsi egenda egenda mu maaso oba mu mbeera endala, ekyo kirina kinene nnyo kye kikola ku ngeri kaweefube wa prezidenti gy'akolebwamu, ensonga eziba zikkiriziddwa, empewo z'okkiriza okulondebwa, n'obwetaavu obuva mu kulonda. K'obe nga obeera mu nsi egenda kugenda ku lukuŋŋaana lwo, oba mu ggwanga eriba ligenda kuteegalwa ne Pulezidenti, okulonda kaweefube alowoozebwako, Electoral College ekola ku ngeri gye weewuliramu mu ku mboozi y'eggwanga.

Okutegeera ekkolero erikola nga robootal ekuyamba okuzuula engeri ebiva mu kulonda gye kiyinza okuvaamu, okunoonyereza ku nkyukakyuka, era n'okwenyigira mu nkola ya demokulase. Ebibuuzo ebikwata ku nkola ya demokulase bwe byeyongera, kikulu nnyo obutuuze okusobola okusalawo obulungi ku bikwata ku biseera eby'omu maaso eby'okukuba obululu mu Amerika. Ekitongole kya Electoral College kikuwadde amaanyi okumanyisa ebiva mu ku kulonda, era n'okuwagira enkyukakyuka eziba zigobereddwa mu kyasa ekya 21, kyesigamye ku ngeri abantu gye bategeeramu ensonga zaakyo, ne ku ngeri gye basalawo okulonda obulonda, era n'okuwagira enkyukakyuka ze balowooza nti zijja kutuukiriza bulungi eggwanga.