Enteekateeka za gavumenti ze zikola ku bintu ebikola ku nsi buli lunaku — okuva ku mipiira gy'atwala okutuusa ku bisalo ebisangibwa mu bifo byaffe ebitambula n'ebidduka ebikolera ku bifo we tuba. Wadde nga abantu bakozesa enguudo, ettaka, n'enteekateeka ez'enjawulo, buli kikumi eky'ekyuma, bye bikola nga abakungu ba gavumenti balonda abalonde, abakulembeze b'ebitongole, n'abayimbi ba mateeka. Ebyo bye basalawo birina kinene nnyo ekiyinza okuleetawo obuzibu mu by'eby'enfuna, mu by'obwannannyini, mu ku mbeera y'obutonde, ne mu ngeri y'okumanyisaawo. Okutegeera engeri gavumenti gy'esobozesamu eby'okuteeka mu bifo eby'okutambula n'okulongoosa tekuliisaamu obukulemberwamu; kikulu nnyo eri abatuuze mu nsi abaagala okulonda eby'obulango, n'ebitongole ebirala. Ekitundu kino kinoonyereza ku ngeri y'obutebe bw'amakubo ne ku nsonga ebisalabirira mu makubo, era ne ku nsonga ezigo, ebigobereberwo n'ebyo ebiyinza okunoonyereza ebibaawo mu bifo ebibaawo mu

Obukulu bw’Okuyigirizibwa

Enkola eno etwaliramu enteekateeka eziwagira emirimu gy'abantu ab'omu kitundu, gamba ng'enguudo, enzigi, ennya z'amazzi, ennyingo ez'okuyitako kazambi, enkula y'amasannyalaze, n'ennyimba ezikozesa entambula. Sistemu zino bwe zikolera mu ngeri entuufu, zisobozesa ebikolerwamu eby'obusuubuzi, okusobozesa abantu okukola ku mbeera ey'eby'amangu, n'okulongoosa mu bulamu. Ku luuyi olulala, okulemererwa okw'eby'enfuna kukendeeza ssente mu biseera ebibadde biko, obubenje, n'okuvuganya kw'eby'enfuna.

Ekitongole kya Amerika ekinoonyereza ku ngeri ebitongole gye biddukanyaamu ebikolerwamu mu mulimu gw'okugula ebibiina (ASCE) kifulumya akadikkira akakulu ak'okubiri akayitibwa Infrablicture Report akalaga nti mu bitundu byonna 17 eby'Amerika, wabaddewo akawumbi k'obuwumbi bw'amakompuku. Mu kunoonyereza okwakayita, Amerika yawa obuwumbi n'obuwumbi bw'era bwa doola obunene obw'ebiri obusukka mu doola 10,000 mu myaka kkumi egiyise. Emiwendo gino gino giggumiza omuganyulo ogu ddala ku ku ku kusalawo kwa gavumenti — kabe nga okuzzaawo, oba okuteeka ssente ezikozesebwa mu ku kiseera kyaffe.

  • [[NKULULA]] .] — Enguudo n'amadoko bikendeeza ku bbeeyi y'ebidduka ne ku byuma ebizito, ebisobozesa bizinesi okutambuza ebintu ku sipiidi n'ebbeeyi. Ng'ekyokulabirako, ekitongole ekikebera ebidduka kiteebereza nti okubeeta obuwumbi bwa doola z'enfuna mu mwaka kigula obuwumbi bwa doola z'Amerika okuzigulamu ebikeerezi ebisukka mu obuwumbi 60 okuzibya k'eby'enfuna.
  • Obutebenkevu obwa [[NKULULA] — Enguudo n'enguudo ezirina esobola okugootaanya ku sipiidi n'obuzibu bwonna. Ekimu ku bisenge bya I-Mystpissippi bwe kyagwa, ekyatta abantu 13, kyaba kye kisonga nti okusalawo okutereka ebikolebwa ku nkula tekugwa.
  • [[NKULA] Okwolekawo n'okutambula[FLT:] — Okumanyira ddala ani asobola okuzuula emirimu, obujjanjabi, obuyigirize, n'eby'okwesanyusaamu. Mu byalo, abantu mu bitundu ebirala basangamu “eddungu eritwalibwa ng'enkyukakyuka” awali enjawulo entono, era eremesa abatuuze okufuna obubenje okweyawula ku mirimu egibawagizi.
  • [[Act:0]] 'o' — Mu bibamba eby'omu butonde gamba ng'omuyaga oba omuliro ogwaka, embeera y'ekkubo okuyitamu n'obuttumbula bwa maanyi ga degress kiyinza okutegeeza enjawulo wakati w'obulamu n'okufa.

Ebifo Gavumenti Bye Zikola mu Kukulaakulana

Enteekateeka z'eby'obufuzi zikola mu ngeri entegeke obulungi, era buli omu alina obuvunaanyizibwa obw'enjawulo mu gavumenti, ng'aleeta ensawo z'awandiika, era ng'ateeka ssente mu nkola z'ekitongole ekimu, eky'ekitongole kya gavumenti, eky'ekitongole, eky'ensi n'eky'ekitongole ekikola emirimu gyakyo.

Ebikwata ku Gavumenti Egifuga Obuwagizi

Gavumenti eteekawo emitindo gy'eby'obukuumi mu nsi, era eteekawo emitindo gy'enkola mu by'enfuna, okuyitira mu kaweefube ataliyo, nga Federal Highway Act ne Bipartisan Infrastructal Law. ''Akakiiko akafaananako Federal Highway Administration (FWA) ne Federal Transita Administration (FTA) ebitongole ebigaba obuyambi mu by'eggwanga, ebirabirira obugaziwa, obukola obukulembeze obunene obw'enkola eb'enkola y'ebbanja, era n'okugoberera enkola ya FHAWAWAWAWAWAWAWAT TEKERO, ekiwerekerwako obuwumbi bwa doola z'obuwumbi bwa doola mu makubo n'obuguwanjufu w'obugunjukulembe. Okwenyinyinyinyinyinyisi y'empagibwa mu bitundu eby'eby'ebyebiziina by'eggwanga.

Kaweefube eya kaweefube eya kaakati nga mu IFrapublikament and Jobs Act (IJA) eyakolebwa mu 2021, awadde embalirira y'eby'ensimbi y'enguudo, enzigi, empanvu, obugaali bw'amasannyalaze, n'entambula ey'amasannyalaze ebitwala emikutu gy'ensimbi. Ekiragiro kino kigabanyawo emikutu gy'ensimbirira ku bintu ebiteerebwawo obuwumbi bwa doola z'obuwumbi bwa doola nga 500,000 nga bikozesebwa, nga doola z'obuwumbi 100,000 obuwumbi bwa doola nga ze zikozesebwa mu ku makubo ne ku gbandi. ebikozesebwa mu kukola ebikolebwa si ebyo byokka naye era n'engeri y'obukugunjufu.

Emirimu Egiweebwayo mu Gavumenti n’Ebya Gavumenti

Ebitongole by'entambula mu gavumenti bituukiriza omulimu gw'okuteekateeka ebitongole bya gavumenti, n'ebitongole ebikola emirimu gy'obudde. Gavumenti ezikola DOT zifuga enguudo z'enguudo, era ziteeka ssente mu kifo ekisooka ku mirimu egikolebwa ku byetaago by'ensi n'eby'obudde. Gavumenti ez'omu kitundu zisobola okuddukanya enguudo ez'omu kitundu, eby'obudde, ebitongole ebikola ku ntambula, empandika, amakubo, n'amagaawuzi g'ebiddukanya bya buduuka. Ebyo bye zisalawo bikwata ku n'obutebenkevu bw'eby'enfuna by'ensi.

Gavumenti ezimu zireeseewo emisolo gya gaasi oba eby'okukozesa mu kuwagira emirimu gy'ensimbi. Gavumenti ezimu zireeseewo emisolo gya gaasi oba enkola endala ez'okukozesa, gamba nga okukolagana n'abantu kinnoomu okusobola okukendeeza ku nsaasaanya z'ensi. Gavumenti zitera okusoosa obuzibu obw'amaanyi kubanga zikozesa ebintu ebisingayo okuba eby'enjawulo mu bitundu gamba ng'enguudo n'ebidibabizi ebiva mu mazzi, naye nga tezirina nnyo ssente nnyingi okusinga ezo ezikozesebwa mu masaza oba gavumenti.

Okufuula ekikolebwako: Engeri gye Bikolebwamu Okuva mu Idea Okudda mu Nkola ya Asfalt

Okutegeera ensonga lwaki abantu abamu bakola ebintu mu bwangu ng’abalala babonaabona okumala emyaka mingi, kiyamba abantu okutambula okuva mu kifo ekimu okudda mu kirala okudda mu kifo ekirala awaba wamaliriziddwa okuzimba.

Okuteekateeka n’Okusalawo

Ekiragiro kino kisalawo engeri y'okuteekateekamu ebikolero. Ekiragiro kino kiteekateeka empanvu ez'enjawulo ezitegeeza okweyongera kw'abantu, ebyetaago by'entambula n'eby'enfuna. Eggwanga DOTs lifulumya e Programunce StateUniverse Transportation Programs (STIP) eteeka olukalala lw'ebizimbe byonna ebisaanye mu nsi ez'ebudde . Ebitongole bya gavumenti bikkiriza enteekateeka ez'okutandikawo era ne bisemba ebitongole ebikola ensimbi ebisobozesa okufuna ensimbi. Enteekateeka y'okukuŋŋaanya ebikwata ku mbeera z'abantu, okugobeeyambisibwa esobola okuzzaawo embeera z'omu biseera eby'omu maaso, n'okugobeempaka kw'empaka ez'ebyo ebigwagwawo.

Okwetegereza ebizingirwamu n'ebiva ku mikutu gya gavumenti

Okusobola okukebera ebifa ku nsolo, kiba kyetaagisa okutegeeza abantu nti buli kiseera wabaawo okuwa emboozi n'okuddamu mu nsonga z'ensi yonna. Kyokka okunoonyereza kulina okukendeeza ku ntebe y'empewo, ku ntegeka z'ensi, ku nfuko z'ennyanja, ku bifo ebikozesebwa ebisolo, ne ku bifo ebirala ebibeetoolodde. Era kisobozesa abantu okuwuliriza oba okubaako bye baddamu mu nsonga, okuwa abatuuze bye basalawo ebikwata ku nzijanjaba zaabwe. Wadde nga okukebera okw'ekitongole NNEPA kuyinza okulemesa okulabika n'okukuuma obutonde, era kiyinza okulwawo. omuwendo gwa EIS gutwala emyaka egiwera okugyongerako, era n'okujjulula ebibalwawo.

Ssente Ezikozesebwa, Okukkiriza Obuyambi n’Okuzimba

Omulimu bwe guba nga gutegekeddwa era nga gumaliddwa, ssente ezikozesebwa okusobola okugonjoolebwa ziyinza okuba obuzibu obulala. Gavumenti ziteekwa okutegeka embalirira y'enkalo, okussaawo ensawo ez'omulimu, okulonda ssente ezizingirwamu, oba okuyingiza ssente eziweebwa P3. Okukkirizibwa mu nkolagana y'omu kitundu. Okukkirizibwa mu kuzimba ennyunzi, enkuka ez'okuzimba, enzikkiriza omulimu ogw'okuzimba, n'okujjuzaamu amayumba. Ekitongole kya gavumenti kizimbira ab'ekitongole kya gavumenti oba abazimbi baabwe nga bavunaanyizibwa ku ngeri gye bakozesaamu okukebera. Ekiseera kyonna okuva ku ku ku kutwala ku muwato okujjuzaamu oluguudo olugazi oba olugenda olw'ewandikiro.

Ebyafaayo Bikwata ku Kusalawo kw’Abantu

Gavumenti zikola kyonna ekisoboka okumanyira ddala ekifo n’engeri y’okuzimbamu ebintu, era ekyo kikwata ne ku bantu ne ku by’enfuna, embeera y’obutonde, n’engeri y’okukolaganamu.

Embeera mu by’Enfuna

Enteekateeka z'eby'ebyafaayo zisobola okuleetera abantu okufuna amagoba agatali gamu era ne batandikawo emirimu. Amakubo amapya gayinza okukendeeza ku ssente ezikozesebwa okutunda ebitabo, okuggulawo ebifo eby'okutumbula emirimu, era ne galongoosa ebifo abakozi we bakolera. Kyokka, enguudo tezikugirwa bulungi ziziyiza bizineesi era zireesa ssente. Okunoonyereza okwakolebwa ekitongole kya Economic Policy Institute kwakakasa nti buli kawumbi bwa doola obuwumbi bwa ddoola (bpu 1,000) bwetaateeka ssente mu nzivvunuzi ziyinza okuleetawo emirimu egigattika obusukka mu 1,000. Kyokka, ekifo ekisobozesa okuteeka emirimu gy'abasuubuzi okuvaamu obuwawunzi ate n'okugoba abatunzi.

Enkyukakyuka mu Nsi

Okusalawo okusobozesa obutonde bw'ensi okukendeera oba okubuyungiza. Amakubo g'ekkubo gatera okuleetera emmotoka okwongera okuzibuwalirwa okutambula, okweyongera okubuguma kw'omukka ogubuguma, n'okwonoona empewo. Ku luuyi olulala, okuteeka ssente mu ntambula ku ggaali, n'okutambula nga emmotoka kuyinza okukendeeza ku mmotoka. Gavumenti zeeyongera okuteeka mu nkola ebizinoze ebizisobozesa okulonda ebizinozesebwako, nga zongerako ebizinya bya kaboni, oba okuteekako enzikwakwa z'amatwale.

Okukolagana mu Bulamu mu Ngeri Emu

Ebyafaayo by'edda bibadde bikola ku nkyukakyuka ez'amaanyi ez'omu bitundu bino. Mu masekkati g'ekyasa ekya 20, ebikolerwamu emirundi mingi biyita mu bitundu ebiba bifiibwako abaddugavu n'abafissi, nga bimalawo amaka era nga biseeseewo enkolagana wakati w'abantu. Ebisale bino bibadde bikola ng'enkyukakyuka mu mubiri, enzigiro ezikendeddeko, n'enkyukakyuka mu by'obulamu. Ebikompolago eby'eby'obuyonjo eby'omulembe ogwa Biden byeyongera okuteekako essira ku ku ku kutuukiriza emiganyulo egiva mu bitongole eby'omulembe. obwenkanya obwa bulijjo busobozesa abantu 40% okufuna emiganyulo okuva mu n'obukkulembe obutuufu.

Okunoonyereza ku Kusalawo

Ekkubo Ery’Ennyanja Ey’Ennyanja

Pulezidenti Dwight D. Eisenhower yateeka omukono ku kakwakkulizo aka Federal-Aid Highway mu 1956, nga gatandika omulimu gwa gavumenti ogukyasinze mu byafaayo bya Amerika. Enteekateeka y'obufunze, esangibwa mayiro ezisukka mu 48,000, okukyusa ekifo ky'eggwanga. Ekyambula kya kabugwenyufu, kyasobozesa ebidduka okuyita mmotoka mu ngeri y'amaanyi mu bitundu bya bannaburabutaka, ne kisobozesa okusobozesa ebika bya role okutambula okusobozesa okutambulako. Kyokka, okusalawo okwaliwo okwaliwo okwaliwo mu bibuga nga Balmore, Miyami, ne Detroit, okuyita mu bitundu bya Bankaludabu — enkola emanyiddwa nga “graseempuku ennene mu bisenge ebiddugala ebiddugala oba mu lubala olw'ewala. Bino ebitongole ebikola ebikolebwa era n'ebitongole ebirala ebiva mu mawanga. Leero, ebibuga ebimu ebisanjanja mu bifo ebisabibibibibibi ebisabibibibwa mu kibuga kya Ssukkufuluma okuva mu kibuga Ssuulup

Ekizinga Ekinene eky’e Boston

Central Artery/Tunnel Project, emanyiddwa nga Big Dig, esigala nga y'enyeenya era ewaayiriza mu byafaayo bya Amerika. Ebiwandiiko ebyateekebwawo okuweweererawo okukalira ku kitongole ekikumi mu Central Arteriy ekya Boston, omulimu gwaziikibwa mu ttaka, ne guyimirizibwa ku kipimo kya 90 okutuuka ku Kiseewero kya Logan, era ne gwongerako ssente za Ted Williams Tunnel. Enzigne yasala buli kika kya n'okusalawo okukozesa obukomyanyonyonyo okumenya obuyinja, okukomya ebbeeyinja y'okuzingiza ebbeeyingi ennyo mu ku kipimo ekigere ekya waggulu, era ekiwerezo eky'okukkebwa kw'ebiddukanya by'ebiddukanya byayo nga Rose Kennedy, n'okuva mu n'okuva mu n'okuva mu n'okuva mu n'okuva mu n'okuva mu nsonga ez'okusala kw'okusala kw'okusala obuvuunya.

California Rail Esinga Obunene

Enteekateeka ya California ey'entalo z'eby'obufuzi n'ez'amateeka, ng'ebadde kiragiddwa nga kigoberedde empanvu eza siteegi eza waggulu mu Amerika, eraga engeri eggaali y'omukka gye ziyinza okuziganya ebintu. Mu 2008, ekitongole kino kyakkirizibwa abavvuoti nga bataddewo ekipimo eky'ebbeeyi, ekibadde kikeberebwamu ebbeeyi, enkyukakyuka. Gavumenti — nga mw'otwalidde n'enkyukakyuka mu bukulembeze bwa gavumenti, okusala emisango gy'obutonde bw'obutonde, n'enkankankano eziva ku ku ku ku kusindika obuwumbi bw'ennyonyi obusukka mu 1,200 okutuuka ku doola ezisukka obuwumbi 100 mu muwendo ogubalimu. Omulimu ogwo bwe gugenda okuzimbibwa mu Kiwokyuungi wakati w'ekiwonvuunyi kya San Francisco ne Los Angeles Angeleslands teri bakakafu ku ekyo. Kino kiraga bulungi obuzibu bw'ebyo ebinaayungi ennyo okukolebwa mu by'obufuzi ne mu nsi enfumooyinzinzinzi .

Obuzibu mu Kukulaakulana kw’Enkola

Wadde nga kyetaagisa okussaawo enzigi ez'enjawulo, okusoomooza okutali kumu kulemesezza okukulaakulana.

Ebbula ly’Enfuna

Ekintu ekitera okusingibwa ku buteeso bw'enkola tekirina ssente ntono. Omusolo gwa gavumenti, ensibuko y'enkola y'ekitongole ekiyitibwa Highway Trust Fund, teguyimuzibwa okuva mu 1993. Olw'okukendereza n'okulongoosa kw'amafuta ag'emmotoka, amaanyi gaagwo okugula gayo gayo gayonoonese olw'okusukka mu 40%. Kyokka, gavumenti ziresezza obutessi bwabwe. Bangi baddivvuzi ssente z'abakozesa ze kiteeseteeseteeseteesiteesi, n'obuwayinzi bw'omulembezo gwa gavumenti okusobola okusasula ebiva mu n'okusobozesa okufuna ebiwandiiko eby'edda.

Obutakkaanya mu by’obufuzi

Mu ngeri eyo, kiba kizibu okusazaamu ebiwandiiko ebigoberera enkola y'obuwanguzi, naye mu nkola, okugoba obuwagizi ku byuma ebikola enziji za gavumenti buli kiseera. Ebiruubirirwa ebireetebwawo okulonda omulimu ogwo, okukebera obutonde bw'ensi, ekyetaagisa okukola emirimu, amateeka agakwata ku mirimu egikolebwa ku mulimu. Era, enkola ezikozesebwa mu kuddukanya amakolero zisobola okutereka amasaayi g'ensimbi ate nga mu kiseera kye kimu enzigi empya oba empala y'amakubo agakolera ku kkubo empandika, eyinza okuleetawo empalana. Ebikolerwako bingi eby'etakkirizibwa mu nsi yonna ne kiba nti tebirina bintu bingi ebireetebwawo.

Okuziyizibwa n’Obuluvu

Abatuuze b'omu kitundu batera okuwakanya emirimu gy'enjereere gy'enjereere gye batwala ng'ekintu ekitabangula enkalu yaabwe — ekintu ekimanyiddwa nga “Ono an Backyard" (NIMBY). Okweraliikirira okukwata empaka, ebizimbe, n'obuteesiteesi by'obutonde, n'obuzimbi bw'ekifo kiyinza okulemesa ebizimbe okuzimbibwa mu kitundu okuzimbibwa, ne kiremesaawo obut'enkola ez'okubindabindabinda ne bye bitwala nga bya muwendo. Wadde nga okuddibizibwa kwa buli kiseera kinne w'obusobo, era nga kiyinza okuziyiza ebizitonero eby'obungi ebya NiMBY'okweyongera okumanyisa.

Ebiseera eby’Omu Maaso eby’Okuyiga: Okutuukana n’Enkyukakyuka

Bwe tutunuulira ebigenda mu maaso, tujja kusalawo engeri ebintu gye bikolebwamu mu bya tekinologiya, enkyukakyuka mu mbeera z'obudde, n'embeera y'obudde ezzeewo.

Okuyungibwa kw’Obukugu mu Nkozesa

Enteekateeka z'okutambulanyanyanyanyanyanyanyanyanyanyanyanyamu nga mw'otwalidde obubonero obugendera ku nguudo, tekinologiya ow'emmotoka, n'obumanyirivu mu mmotoka obwa bulijjo, biyinza okweyongera obusobozi bw'ekifo naye nga teby'okutandika ekkubo eppya. Gavumenti zireetera okuziteekamu enteekateeka empya ezisobozesa tekinologiya w'emmotoka okukolebwa, gamba nga transfer stop oba empuliziganya enfunze ku bumpiringi (DSRC). Emmotoka ez'empandika ziyinza okukyusiza ebyetaago by'ebintu ne k'otakyongezaamu enzigyako n'enkyukakyuka mu n'okutegeka ekkubo. Kyokka, enteekateeka y'okusimbula obudde ku n'okubukozesa mu ku singiko y'entambula esobola okumanyibwa.

Embeera y’Enkyukakyuka mu Kiseera

Ennaku ez'amaanyi bwe zityo, omuyaga, amataba, omuliro n'amataba, bigezesa nnyo eby'enjawulo. Enguudo mu budde obw'ebbugumu zibungidde nnyo era n'amakubo agaawuga aganagana ku lubalama lw'ennyanja gava ku lubalama. Etteeka erifuga ebigenda mu ntambula nga lirina okuzizza obuwumbi bwa ddooka ne liba nga liba nga libikireetera okuteekako enziji, okuwanirira enzibagiro eziziyiza okugwa ku mpewo, n'okuzimba amakubo agayinza okuzikomyawo. Amateeka ga Bipartain Infractive Inslactiveal Agemental Agementant (PT) gayinza okulemererwa okukola emirimu egizingirwamu okuzza obungi ennyo mu by'ebyo ebikolebwa mu kuddaakabutonderwa.

Okusobola Okumanyiira Wansi n’Okugabanyaamu Ekirabo

Mu ngeri y'emu, okusobola okugula ebizimbe ebiyinza okukozesebwa mu kukozesa eggaali z'omukka n'ebya manya, ne mu by'enfuna, gavumenti z'esalawo ku bugazi bw'entambula y'enkola. Mu ngeri y'emu, okugula ebizimbe ebizimbe mu ntambula ne mu bugaali bw'abayimivu kiyinza okuyamba amaka obutasobola kugula mmotoka. Endowooza egamba nti “enguudo z'enguudo z'empandika zonna” — si mmotoka zokka ezisobola okusobozesa abakozesa okugula amasalo ge baba babadde bakozesezza, naye nga bafunye obulembezi obunene mu by'ennamba ez'ennamba.

fundikira

Ekiragiro gavumenti kye kisalawo engeri gye kiyinza okusobozesamu enguudo, enzigi, n'enkola z'abadduukirize. Okuva ku nkola z'okulambulako okusobola okutuuka ku nfumbo ensembayo, buli kikolwa kizingiramu okusalawo okw'ekika n'okusalawo ku nsonga z'eby'obutebenkevu, n'obwenkanya mu kifo ekitegekeddwa. Obukulu bw'enkola y'eby'enkola y'eby'eby'enfuna okusobozesa ebizimbibwawo okukolebwa, obuwanika, n'obwenkanya mu bantu okusobola okumanyibwa mu nsonga z'obutonde. Ekiragiro kya United States bwe kiba nga kiyolekagana n'ebintu ebisaakula, tekinnakukolebwako, ne kkkkukyusa mu mbeera y'obudde, era n'embeera y'obuddedde, kijja kuba kya muganyulo nnyo mu kukola ku by'empagibwa, era ne ku mirimu gy'ebiddukanyabirwa mu makubo. Ebitujjuka by'ebimu byonna biba bisongo.

[[AGUMENTI:0] Kano kaleetera ekiragiro okwongerako mu kusoma ASCE 2021] Kadi y'Alipoota ebikolebwako, [[FLT]]] Fateral Administration[] Kino kitegeeza eby'obugagga ebya data [[[FLT:]] ne [[FLT:]U].S]