Enjigiriza ez’Ebyafaayo ez’Entalo mu Japan

Ssematalo II kye kimu ku bya maanyi ebifuga mu by'obufuzi bwa Japan. Okuva ku kukulaakulana kwa magyengo ga 1930 okutuuka ku bbomu za nukiriya ez'omu Hiroshima ne Nagasaki, ekibumbe kyayawukawo. Obutafaananako amawanga agakoze ekintu kimu, nga gasse wamu, nga / Nga bwe kibadde nti Bugirimaani yakkiriza okutulugunyizibwa okw'Abanazi okw'ekikungo kya Japan, erwanyisiddwa mu mitwe gy'ebitongole bya gavumenti ebikulu, ne mu South Korea.

Olutalo bwe lwaggwa, ab'obuyinza mu Japan baateekawo ssemateeka w'obufuzi obwa bannabyabufuzi (1945-19952) era ne bagezaako okusaanyawo empira z'eby'obufuzi. Olukiiko olumu olw'eggwanga (1946-1948) lwagezaako okuteekawo olukalala olw'amateeka ga Japan naye ng'amaka gaatwalibwa mu ngeri za njawulo. Abajapani bangi baakitwala nti bafiiridde mu ntalo(manda za atomu, bbomu, n'obunkenke bwa mu ntalo(-ramma) so si kye kisinze okutta abalwanyi. Kino “ekikolwa kino ekisinziirwako obukuutifu ekya bakkusiirwako obutundu bwa bannabyabufuzi. Kyokka, abatunzi bannabyabufuzi bangi mu Japan bassa essirasaye obutuufu okulwanyisa ebikolwa bya Amy mu Asiya, era n'okwetawagira okuzza et'amasaza.

Ebivuddemu, kwe kuba nti mu byafaayo, endowooza z'eby'obufuzi tezisobola kugonjoolebwa, naye nga teziteredde.Ebikolwa ebyo bireetawo obukugu oba b'enkola ez'enjawulo ez'edda okusobola okulaga nti ebiba bisaliddwawo biwagira enkola zaabwe. Okutegeera ebyo bye basazeewo kikulu nnyo okusobola okutegeera obulungi amagye ga Japan n'ekifo kyago mu nsi.

Obuwagguzi Obunene mu by’Eby’obufuzi n’Ebikolwa Byabwe eby’Enkuukula

Liberal Democratic Party (LDP)

LDP ye afuga Japan okumala ekiseera ekisinga obungi oluvannyuma lwa ssematalo, era engeri gye yeeyisaamu ku bintu eby'entalo teri n'eyo ey'enjawulo. Ekitundu kino ekiwandiiko kya Japan kikitwala nti eggwanga eryagattika emirembe era eryagasa emirembe egyasooka era nga liyamba okuleetawo obutebenkevu mu nsi yonna okuyitira mu by'enfuna ne n'eby'obufuzi. Kyokka, ekiwaawaatiro ky'omu nsi gye kibadde kigoberera, ekikwataganyizibwa n'abakulu bakulu b'ebitongole baabakulembeze baasooka nga Shinzo Abe, basmira “amagye obwa bulijjo”.[1][8] Amateeka g'ensi n'obulumbagaakye buttiŋŋanyutsa obwa bulijjo. Ebikolobero bino biraga nti okusooya ab'entalo z'omu Japan kye babadde nga baddibiddeko okuyimirira mu nsi yonna.

Mu ngeri y'emu, LDP erimu abantu ab'ensi yonna abassa essira ku bukulu bw'okutabagana ne Korea era ne China. Bawagira okugattika obukujjukujju mu ttendekero. Gavumenti ezikola ku mbeera zino zisobola okuzigonjoola: zombi ziddamu okuzzaawo emirembe, naye era ziyita n'eggye ery'amaanyi eririna okutabagana ne SSF (SDF) era ziwagira n'obusobozi bw'okweraga we bukoma. Ekiragiro kya Yasukini Stuni ekitongole kya kikola ku njhekeromenti y'ekitebe kya ebikozesebwa kisinziiro kya KYCDP kikyalira ekiggwa nga kikyali kikyaliwo ekiggwa (ekireetawo abamenyi b'entalo, nga mw'otadde n'abamenyi b'entalo) abalala, beewala okuziyiza okugwa mu by'obufuzi.

Ekitabo LDP bwe kityo kituukiriza ebintu bibiri: kiwa ababeera mu maka ne mu nsi endala akakwate k'okulabirira, era kiwa ekifaananyi eky’emirembe, ate era n'abantu abagoberera ettuttumu ly'eggwanga abakitwala nti entegeka y'olutalo tesaanidde kugonjoolwa.

Ekibiina kya Japan ekigoberera eddiini eya demokulase (CDP)

CDP, eyakolebwa mu 2017, nga gagattidwa wamu amagye g'omulembe ogwa kkono agawerako, ebifo bye gakulira tteeka ekkulu erikuuma emirembe gya Japan. Ekiwandiiko kyayo eky'olutalo kyasibuka mu mutima era ne kisiima olutalo lwa Japan. Akakiiko kano kokka nga kaasa “obuzibu obw'amaanyi n'okubonaabona” mu nsi za Asiya era keeyongera okuwanirira ebyafaayo bino mu mirembe egyandizze gibaawo mu biseera eby'omu maaso. CDP ewakanya“ Olukiiko olw'emirembe” oluwaggumiriza olutalo era ne lugaana okulwana.

CDP bye tuyiga mu ssematalo II bitegeerekeka bulungi: eby'ekijaasi bireetawo akabi era Japan esaanidde okukuumibwa nga zesigama ku kukolagana n'obuwagizi, okukolagana mu nsi yonna, era n'okukugira SDF okuteeka essira ku kuyamba abagwiriddwako obutyabaga. Akakiiko ako kavumirira ebiwandiiko PP okugaziya ensalo z'amagye era n'okunnyonnyola enzivuunula y'amateeka, nga kagamba nti okuleetawo akabi mu bitundu eby'enjawulo era n'okuleetera abantu okulekera awo okuteeka obwesige mu byafaayo. CDP era ewagira obulango obukkirizisa obutuufu mu by'okugaba n'obulabe n'okuleetawo emirembe n'obukyayinjaanyi mu biseera eby'emirembe.

Kyokka, CDP eyoleka obuzibu mu kuvvuunula ebigambo bino mu ngeri esobozesa obuyinjabi okukolebwa. Mu mbeera ey'okwerinda ennyonnyolwa obusaale obw'omu North Korea n'obukyayi obuva mu China, okusabibwa okw'okulwa mu madaala kuyinza okulabika ng'obusiru eri abalonde abamu. Akatuuti kano kagezese okukateeka ku bukulu bwakwo nga keesigamya “obuteefuteefu” obugendera ku nsonga ng'okuwagira obukodyo obw'okwerwanako nga keewanjufu wadde nga keeyambika obukulembedde obusinga obukulembedde obusinga obungi obusinzira ku lutalo.

Komeito

Komeito, munne wa LDP omuwagizi omuto okuva mu 1999, yasibuka mu kibiina ky'Abasoka Gakkai Ababuda. Ekitabo kino kikwata ku lutalo nga kigoberera emitindo gy'Ababuda egitali gya bukuubagano era egissa ekitiibwa mu bulamu. Komeito yawakanyanga enkola y'amateeka okuzza obuggya n'okugaziwa kw'amagye. Mu kakiiko akategekebwa, kikomya ebiwandiiko bya LDP ku biruubirirwa byayo eby'eggwanga. Ng'ekyokulabirako, mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo okwa 2015 amateeka agakwata ku by'obukuumi, Komeito yakkakkassiraa essira ku n'okutaputa okw'okwewereza ekiragiro kya SDF.

Komeito ye yeewala okuwandiika ebigambo by'omuyigirizwa omuwagguzi dichotomy. Mu kifo ky'ekyo, kiggumiza obuvunaanyizibwa bwa Japan obw'okuleetawo emirembe okuyitira mu kuyamba abantu, okukulaakulanya ebizimbe, n'okulekawo eby'okulwanyisa. Obuwagizi bw'ekibiina kino buzingiramu abagoberezi b'omu kibuga bangi abatwala ebyogera ku lutalo ng'olugero, so si ng'olw'amalala. Wadde nga Komeito ta ak'addirira mu myaka egyakayita, kyeyongera okukyusa engeri omukago ogwo gye gukwatamu ku byafaayo, naddala singa bagaana okugenda ewayungirizo ez'obuweereza mu Yasukuni okuva mu 2009.

Ekibinja ky’Abakomunisiti mu Japan (JCP)

Ekitongole kino kirina ebigambo eby'enjawulo bye kijjukira: kiraga nti mu kiseera ky'olutalo olwo mu kiseera kya Japan yali akubiriza entalo ez'amaanyi n'okunyigiriza abalala, era era nga kiggumiza ekifo ky'abantu b'omu Japan (nga mw'otwalidde ne nnakaafiisiyoni) ng'abayigganyi. Akakiiko kano kalina okukaka obukujjukujju bw'entalo, okulonda abakazi n'abakozi abakakasibwa, n'okunywerera ku mateeka agakugira amagye.

Ekitongole kya JCP kikozesa enzigi zaakyo ezikwata ku ntalo okulaga obutuufu bw'ekiwagizi kyayo ekilwanyisa bannalukalala n'ekiwakanya abo abawakanya emitindo gy'entalo. Biraga ebyafaayo ebikwata ku bukukunya bwa Japan n'enkola ez'okusiikuula ebitabo ebyeru. Wadde nga jCP esigala nga ntono nnyo era ng'essaawa nga zirina entebe 10-12 mu nnyumba entono, ennyimirira yayo ey'ekiwandikiro esobozesa okubeera n'obuyinza mu by'entalo mu bannagezi n'abakkuukulembedde emirembe.

Nippon Ishin (Ekibiina ky’Abajapani Ekikkiriza Abantu Okuzza Obuggya)

Nippon Ishin, ekitongole ekiyita popullist ekiva ku ddyo ekyava mu Osaka, kirina engeri endala ey'enjawulo ey'okukwatamu ebyomenyebwa mu ntalo. Ekituuti kyayo kissa essira ku kukyusa kwa grande eya bulijjo, okugawula ettaka n'enkyukakyuka mu bitundu. Ku nsonga z'ebyafaayo, Ishin ekwatagana ne LDP, oluvanyuma lw'eggwanga: ewagira “ebya bulijjo”, ekkiriza endowooza nti Japan esaanidde okwenyumiriza mu byafaayo byayo, era n'okwewombeekateekako. Kyokka, ebiwandiiko bya Isini bya njawulo, era tefuddenga ekitongole ekyo ekintu ekikulu mu byafaayo. Kitera okuyisa ebyafaayo nga ekintu ekya kkono ekya bulijjo eri mu kifo kya nkola eya bulijjo. progaticalismism kye kisobozesa okusikiriza abantu bonna ababiri okujjulula ebiyawukanya n'abo abeeyambibwa mu byafaayo.

Ekiviirako Okufugibwa Obufuzi n’Obumu mu Nsi Zonna

Okwekkiriranya n’Ekitundu 9

Kaweefube ono atalabika aviira ddala ku lutalo, ayogerwako mu kitundu 9. Abalabe batwala SDF, wansi wa Abe, nga bategeeza ssemateeka w'amateeka.[1]a enkyukakyuka eyandigisobozesezza okugyeggyako enjawukana eziba ziyinza okuvawo. Enkola eno ey'okutereeza ebeere nga yeetaagisa okulwanirira Japan mu nsi ey'akabi, naye etwalibwa ng'entalo ez'enjawulo ezigenda mu maaso. CDP ne JCP zisuubiza okuziyiza okujjuulibwawo, n'okumenya eby'ebyafaayo ebigigobererwamu. Komeito kyeyawulamu: obukulembeze bwayo bukkiriza enkyukakyuka enkyukakyuka entono mu bigambo naye buwakanya olukiiko lw'omwoyo gwayo 9. Hin awagira obutuufu bw'obufuzi.

Okukaayana okwo kusibuka mu nneewulira za mutima kubanga kutuuka mu bintu eby'omusingi: kye kirowoozo eky'emirembe oluvannyuma lwa lutalo, era ekiba kituuse ku buteefu bw'okukuuma, oba ekiba kisikire ekiba kisikire mu bantu abagwira?

Ekiggwa ky’e Yasukuni

Bannabyabufuzi bakyala ba kakiiko akakulu n'abassemba mu Yasukuni Shrine .w'abamenyi b'entalo ab'ekika n'A bakuŋŋaanira wamu n'abaserikale aba bulijjo." kye kikolwa ekisinga okulabika ekya bannabyabufuzi mu ddwaniro mu nsi endala. Abatuuze b'eggwanga baakyala mu Japan okussa ekitiibwa mu bafu bonna abafudde nga mw'otwalidde n'abo abaasibibwa mu makomera ga Tokyo. CDP, JCP, ne Komeito bawakanya okukyalira ab'obuyinza, nga banyiiza baliraanwa banna Asiya era nga bawakanya endowooza z'eggwanga. Mu China ne South Korea zikozesa obusaze ng'okusiikiriza okunenya Japan nga tebeenenya, nga bagezaako okugezaako okukolagana n'okukolagana n'okugoba obusatu.

Katikkiro Shinzo Abe yakyala mu kiggwa ekyo mu 2013, era ekyo kyaleetawo ekizibu eky'amaanyi mu nkyukakyuka ez'amaanyi. Okuva olwo, bannabyabufuzi abalala abayitibwa LDP (Siga, Kisida) beewaze okukyalira abantu wadde nga batumizza ebiweebwayo olw'ekitongole.

Okubudaabuda Abakazi n’Okukozesa Amaanyi

“ Abakyala” babadde bakozesebwa okubudaabuda abaddu mu by'okwetaba mu kiseera kya lutalo. N'olwekyo, okunoonyereza okwakolebwa mu byafaayo tekuwagira gavumenti. CDP ne JCP zigamba nti amagye gaayongera okuzikola nga bagoberera endagaano eyagobererwa era ne baddizibwa.

K'enkola eno ey'okulabirako egootaanya enkola y'okukkakkanya CD, esobozesa abantu b'omu Korea okukola ekituufu, so ng'ate ebifo CDP by'omu Japan biyinza okukozesebwa mu kifo ky'okuzzaawo ebiwundu ebikadde. Mu kiseera kye kimu, abavvuzi b'obukuumi mu Japan abateeka enteekateeka ez'okukolagana n'eggwanga lya Amerika ne South Korea, bayinza okusikirizibwa ku bibi ebisuubiza nti progmatics mu kifo ky'okuzzaawo ebiwundu ebikadde.

Ebiwandiiko eby'Ebyafaayo

Mu 2010, abafuzi ba gavumenti baakubiriza ababuulizi okuteekamu ennyimirira y'obufuzi ku Bizinga Diaoyu/Senkakuku mu ngeri nti tebatwala bukubo obwo nga kikulu. CDP ne JCP ziwandiisa endowooza ezo ng'eziraga ebyafaayo bya ggwanga era nga ziwagira ebiwandiiko bya byafaayo. Mu 2010, abakungu ba gavumenti baakubiriza ababuulizi obutateekamu gavumenti endowooza za Diayu/Senkaku, basobole okuwakanya enkaayanya z'abakazi. CDP ne JCP zivumirira ezo ng'enkola ng'enfunze mu byafaayo ebiwandiikibwa obwa bulijjo, obwannabbi bw'enjawukanya obuva mu Japan, obwa Nnanjing Massacre, Uning Masse 731, n'obumenyi obulala obulala bungi bw'entalo. Ekitabo kino kinnyonnyola engeri eyinza okukyusa mu biseera eby'omulembe eriwo, ne mu lutalo olw'okulwa mu kifo kyamalanga ekibaawo.

Omukutu gwa bannamemba n'obuwangwa bwa U.S.A.

Endowooza z'eby'olutalo zikola ku ngeri ebibiina gye bitwalamu amagye ga Japan nga gagaziwa. Ekitabo kya LDP kiyamba nnyo mu kuvvuunuka “obufuzi bw'entalo” okumenya ebbula 1% GDP mu kukozesa ebbula ly'obukuumi, okufuna obusaale obw'ebiwaawaatiro eby'enjawulo, era n'okuteekawo ebiragiro eby'okwerinda ebikubisaamu empewo. Ekiragiro kino kikkirizibwa mu North Korea ne China, naye era kikwataganyizibwa n'okwagala okuzzaawo obuwagizi bwa Japan obwa bulijjo. JCP ne CDP bawakanya nti okutambula ng'okubuzza obujanjabi mu ntalo mu Amerika nga bagoberera enkola eya 1941 okulabula abantu ku ttwaleebwe.

Komeito akola omulimu ogw'okuddaabiriza, ng'awagira enteekateeka ez'enjawulo ate ng'akakalambira ku kuwagira obutuufu n'obukulembeze. Ishin atera okugattika oludda olumu ne LDP naye nga yeewaana. Kino kikwatagana bulungi n'enteekateeka y'obukuumi bwa Japan era nga y'esingako obunene emyaka 30 egiyise, naye nga kikyayimirizibwa abalabe abava mu baakirimu abawakanya entalo.

Tukolagana ne China ne South Korea

Tewaliiwo ngeri yonna ey'enkolagana ey'ensi yonna ekwatibwako n'entalo mu nsi yonna ng'ekwatagana Japan ne baliraanwa baayo ab'ebuvanjuba bwa Asiya. LDP ne bannaagno abasomerera enkola ey'enjawulo: okukuuma enkolagana wakati w'eby'enfuna n'obukuumi nga baddiŋŋana nga bawakanya ebyafaayo ebikyamu. CDP ne JCP bawagira okutabagana okw'amaanyi okwesigamiziddwa ku kwetonda n'okwetonda. Obuwanguzi bw'okukolagana wakati w'eggwanga ne Japa, kusinziira ku kiwandikiro ekyafuga CDP (ekizibu eki'okussawo) kye kivuddemu ekiraze mu byafaayo eby'okukyusizaamu amalo, ate nga gavumenti z'e-LDP ziksigzillaste wakati w'okwetondamu n'obujulizi.

Enkaayana ezireetebwawo obuwangwa ku butongole obubunyisa ebintu mu nsi endala mu South Korea mu 2019 zalimu ensonga ezimu ez'ebyafaayo. Okutegeera obulungi ebitongole ebigabanyi, kiyamba okunnyonnyola ensonga lwaki abakulembeze b'ekibiina kya Japan oluusi basalawo okukaayana ku nsonga ezizze zibaawo mu byafaayo.

Enkyukakyuka ey’Omu Mulembe n’Ebifaananyi

Mu kiseera kino, abavvuoti abato tebakyerabira bukodyo bwa lutalo. Kyokka, bakyakubirizibwa obuyigirize, eby'empuliziganya, n'emboozi za bya bufuzi. Okunoonyereza kulaga nti Abajapani abato tebaagala kwetonda mu byafaayo, naye era bawagira nnyo sDF ne productive à reconstructive .

Ekiragiro kino kikendeeza mpolampola ku ebyo ebikolebwa okusobola okumanyisa ebiba bizze mu maaso mu ggwanga. Kyokka, ebyafaayo bisigala mu nkola ezaagobwawo //amateeka n'ebitabo, n'ebiwandiiko, n'ebitundu ebitukuvu nga bitambula. "-yawrials" bijja kwetaaga okumanyisa bye boogera oluvannyuma lw'obulambo bwa Japan gye batakyasobola kujjukira naye gye bayigiriza emirundi emitono. Kyokka, ebyafaayo ebimu eby'edda bitandika okuteeka ebirowoozo ku ngeri gye birina okuteeka mu kifo eky'okulamya ebigenda mu maaso. CDP egezaako okuzza obuggya obwa bulijjo ng'ekintu eky'obuwayinjawuzi. Ebyo ebiba bituukagana mu ngeri gye biyambamu Japaani okubeera n'ebyaweeyambi ez'eby’ebyobufuzi okumala emyaka mingi.

fundikira

Endowooza z'entalo Japan gye yateekawo teziri ng'edda, naye zireeseewo enkola y'obuwangwa bw'eggwanga. LDP efuga engeri z'okuddaabirizaamu wakati w'obuddu n'obutunzi, CDP, enkulembezo ez'okutawagira entalo, Komeito zigobera emitindo gy'emirembe gy'Ababudaani, JCP eteeka essira ku ngeri abantu gye beeyisaamu nga bazze bakolagana n'entalo, era nga Isphin atwala enzijukira y'amaanyi g'eggwanga. Ebyo ebiri mu mpandiika ezo birinaako obutereevu, enkola y'eby'obuyigirize, n'obuwagizi bw'eby'edda, n'okukolagana n'obuwabuzi ku ngeri enkaluuzibwamu eryinjaw'entalo ezo, ereetebwawo Japan gye yeenyuseemu ereerobootaamenya engeri y'eggwanga lyayo, ekyo kye liba: tteeka eriyo, et'okugobeegobeego.

Ng'ekiseera ky'olutalo bwe kigenda kikendeera, n'eby'obufuzi bisobola okukoma, naye nga tebigenda kuggwaawo. Oyo yenna ayagala okutegeera eby'obufuzi bwa Japan oba ekifo ky'ekifo kyakyo mu buvanjuba bwa Asiya alina okumeggana n'engero zino. Abakulembeze ba Japan abajja okujja bajja kweyongera okulondawo ebintu eby'okuwa ekitiibwa, ebiyinza okuziziyiza, era ebigenda okukolebwa okubuna empya.