Engeri gavumenti gye zikolamu era gye zigobererwamu, y'esinziira nnyo ku byafaayo. Ebyaliwo mu byafaayo, empisa, n'embeera z'eby'enfuna, bikyusa engeri ebibiina gye bifugamu. Okutegeera ensonga eno etuyamba okutegeera lwaki ensi za njawulo zirina enkola za bya bufuzi. Gavumenti tezaatondebwa mu butaka; ziva mu mbeera ezinnyonnyola ebizibu, emitindo gy'empisa, n'enkizo ez'abantu. Bwe twekenneenya ebyafaayo n'obufuzi, tusobola okutegeera obulungi engeri enkola ez'enjawulo eziriwo mu nsi yonna era ne mu ngeri gye ziyinza okujjawo mu biseera eby'omu maaso.

Engeri Ebintu Ebyafaayo Gye Byalina Okutuganyulamu

Ebyaliwo eby'omu byafaayo gamba nga entalo, okujeema n'obuwaŋŋanguse birina kinene nnyo kye bikola ku gavumenti. Bino bitera okukola ng'enkyukakyuka mu nkola za gavumenti, okutandikawo enzigi empya, era n'okukyusa endagaano wakati w'abafuzi n'abafuzi.

Ekiyeekera

Enkyukakyuka mu nkyukakyuka z'enkyukakyuka zitera okuviirako okuwambibwa kwa gavumenti eziriwo era n'okuteekebwawo kwa gavumenti empya. Olukyusi lwa Bufalansa olwasaasaana mu 1789 kyakulabirako kirungi nnyo: lwaggyawo obufuzi obwa nnannyini, ne lukomya ettutumu, era ne lutandikawo ebiruubirirwa ebyagobererwa mu ddembe, okwenkanankana. Era lwewandiisa okuleetawo okukajja kw'obufuzi mu Bulaaya ne Amerika. Enkyukakyuka eyavanyunzibwawo mu by'obufuzi mu Bulaaya ne Amerika. Enkyukakyuka eyavanyuma ku nkola y'ebyobufuzi mu Bufalansa ezze ziyita mu ngeri ezisukka obungi nga zenyiikivuulidde ate nga n'essaawalala, essaawulu, era nga buli ssemateeka mu ttwale lya Russia liba lyalimu erigobeego mu by'obufuzi.

Okugatta

Obufuzi bwa gavumenti ya Bungereza bwaleka obuwagizi bwa gavumenti mu mawanga mangi. Ebibiina ebyakkiriziganyiziddwa byasikira enteekateeka z'obukulembeze, ennyingo z'amateeka n'enfunda z'ebyobufuzi ebyateekebwawo abatuuze baabwo. Wadde nga zamala okwetongola, enteekateeka zino ezaasikira zaasigala nga za njawulo, ng'emirundi egimu zakomyawo n'enkyukakyuka. Ng'ekyokulabirako, amatwale ga Bungereza agaatongozebwanga mu matwale ga ssemazinga Westminsternster, ate nga gaagobereranga enkola ya demokramenti ya demokrase, ey'ekika kya Bufalansamu. Kyokka, okwegatta amawanga agatali ga njawulo mu n'ebika ebiri wansi w'enfundansi gaafulumente za Afirika, kyaleetawo enk'obutuuze n'obutunzivu n'enfuge.

Entalo n’Obukuubagano

Era, entalo, kampeganyuma n'ensi yonna, byakola nnyo nga abavuzi ba gavumenti. Okusasika kwa Ssematalo II kwaleetera Japan ne Bugirimaani okuteekawo ssemateeka empya ezaateeka essira ku demokrase, eddembe ly'abantu, n'okugootaana. Mu Japan, Inteko-mumumuganya Douglas MacArthur yakulembera okuteekebwawo kwa ssemateekawo kwa ssemateeka omuggya omuggya omufuzi omuwagizi eyakyusa gavumenti efuuke demokrase. Bugirimaani, yayawulwamu mu lutalo olw'okubiri, yaleetawo enkola za bufuzi bwa gavumenti ez'enjawulo nga , nga ye yokka mu buvanjuba bw'ewanjuba, nga demokulasenti emu mu 1990. Entalo z'omunda nga mu Amerika (18661,18565551,) zikubiriza okuzza obuwanjula obufuzi bw'obufuzi bwa gavumenti z'eggwanga, nga zizza obudduumbi obuwamu . Gavumenti y'obuwabuzi mu U.

Engeri Gye Tukolaganamu n’Abantu n’Ey’Emilembe Gyaffe

Gavumenti tezikoma ku kukulaakulanya bukodyo bwa gavumenti, naye era ziyoleka enzikiriza, obuwangwa, n'ebyo abantu bye batwala ng'ebikulu.

Okukuŋŋaanya buli muntu kinnoomu n'obusobozi bw'okugatta awamu

Societies assira ku kusalawo n'okutabagana kw'abantu kungi, emirundi mingi ereetebwa ku sistemu eziteeka obulamu bw'abantu mu kifo ekisooka. Ng'ekyokulabirako, ensi nnyingi ez'omu Asiya ow'ebuvanjuba zirina enteekateeka z'eby'obufuzi ezigatta wakati w'ensi ne demokulase.[1] Oluusi ziyitibwa “demokulase obwa demokulase"." mu China, essira erissira ku butebenke n'obutebenkevu bw'ebika bya kika kya Confucianism, biyamba okuwanirira eddiini y'ekika kya n'ebbeembi. Mu ngeri y'emu, ensi za Nordic, wadde nga zirina nnyo, zigoberera enkola eya demokulasenti eya demokulase mu by'obusuubuzi ne mu bitundu eby'obutebenkevu.[5]

Obulombolombo bw’Amadiini n’Obufirosoofo

Eddiini emabega erina kinene ky'ekoze mu kukyusa gavumenti. mu nsi za Isiraamu, enkolagana wakati w'eddiini n'ensi zaawukana. amawanga agamu, nga Saudi Arabia, gagoberera obufuzi bwa teyokulase amateeka g'eddiini mwe gasibuka omusingi gwa bufuzi. Ate amalala, nga Butuluuki, gakoppye obutassa kitiibwa mu by'obuwangwa bwa Basiraamu. mu Bulaaya, okuleetawo enkyukakyuka ez'eddiini n'entalo ez'oluvannyuma byaleetawo enjawukana mu kutumbuka z'amawanga ne ku ndowooza y'obufuzi bw'ensi. Enjigiriza z'obufirososoofoofo ez'okugulumiza Locke, Montesquieuceous, ne Rousziousland zaafu mu bya demokrati mu byasasa n'ekkumi n'ekkumi n'ekkumi n'ekkumi n'ekkumi n'ekkumi n'ekkumi n'ekkumi n'ekkumi n'ekyayi. Okutegeera obulombolombo obwo obubadde bunnyonnyola ensonga lwaki ebiva mu bitundu ebimu eby'ebyawuna eby'obufuzi eby'obumu ku

Entegeka z’Abantu n’Ebibiina by’Abantu

Obuwangwa, gamba ng'enkola ez'okweyawulayawulamu, enkola ez'enjawulo mu mawanga, oba enjawukana mu mawanga, era bikyusa gavumenti. Mu Buyindi, enkola ey'okugabanyamu abantu ebadde n'obuyinza ku by'obufuzi era yeeyongera okussaawo enkola za gavumenti ez'okulondamu. Gavumenti ya Buyindi okusobola okukkiriza abantu abatono mu kiwandikiro, kivuddemu enkola ez'enjawulo mu byafaayo. Mu nsi nnyingi mu Afirika, obwesigwa businga okuddira obuwagizi mu kifo ky'eggwanga, ne kivaamu enteekateeka z'eby'obufuzi ezeekuusa awamu n'obw'obuyinza okugobeeyambibwa. Olw'enjawukana mu byafaayo bw'abantu, obuva mu mawanga mangi, obusosoze obuva mu mawanga mangi, obuva mu kifo ky'obuwabuzi obuva mu nteekateeka z'obufuzi ezigendera ku nkola y'obukulembeze.

Embeera y’Eby’Eby’Enfuna n’Entegeka

Ebikwata ku by'enfuna birina kinene kye bikola mu kusalawo engeri gavumenti gye ziyinza okukolebwamu. Embeera y'eby'enfuna, okugabana kw'obugagga, enkula y'eby'enfuna, n'ebizibu by'eby'enfuna, byonna ebiva ku nkola z'eby'obufuzi ebyagootaanye. Amawanga g'eby'enfuna gayinza okutandikawo ebizitoobedde ate ensi ezaavu ziyinza okufuna obufuzi obwa demokulase mu ngeri esingawo okusobola okukuuma emirembe. Ebizibu by'eby'enfuna nabyo bisobola okuleetawo enkyukakyuka mu bufuzi, ng'amawanga ganoonya obutebenkevu n'okukulaakulana.

Eby’Obugagga ne Demokulase

Waliwo okukolagana okutuufu wakati w'obukulembeze bw'eby'enfuna n'obufuga bwa demokulase. Amawanga agalina GDP mu buyigirize obwa waggulu ku buli muntu, obuyigirize obulungi era nga gali mu biwayi bya waggulu gayinza okuwanirira ebitongole bya demokulase. Endowooza eyo eraga nti ng'ebibiina by'eby'enfuna bikulaakulaakulaakulanyizibwa, ng'eby'enfuna bya demokulase byeyongera era ng'eby'obugagga mu nsi bingi birina obunene obwa politiki nga birina obunene obwa politiki nga n'oowansiko awyiroyiro.[1] Emirundi egisinga obungi, abantu mu South Korea batandika okukomyawo obugagga okuva mu bya n'eby'obugagga ebya bulijjo, ne beewalamyawo abafuzi b'eby'omubiri ne battuufu. Ebyabukkulembe lya waggulu, ebitongole bya bulijjo biyamba okumanyisa obuwanya era ne ku n'obukkulembebwa.

Ebizibu by’Eby’Eby’Eby’Eby’Obugagga Biba Bizze Biba Bikyusizza Obukulu

Ebizibu by'eby'enfuna bitera okuviirako okukyuka kw'eby'obufuzi. Okwesattu okw'amaanyi okwakolebwa mu myaka gya 1930 kwaleetawo okusaasaana kwa gavumenti za bannalukalala mu Italy ne Bugirimaani, wamu ne New Development mu Amerika, ebyagaziya omulimu gwa gavumenti mu by'enfuna. Ekyasooka, enneeyisa y'eby'enfuna mu Asiya mu Asiya mu Bulaaya mu 1997, yanafuya obufuzi bwa bannaakyemalira mu Indonesia ne South Korea, ne kiviirako abantu okukkiriza ennyo enkyukakyuka mu by'obufuzi. Mu Latini America, okusukkirira n'amabanja mu myaka gya 1980 ne 1990, byaviirako gavumenti z'eby'eby'enfuna eby'enfuna okutongola okuva ku bufuzi bwa gavumenti mu Amereka enneemitima. Eby'eby'enfuna eby'enfuna biyinza okuleetera abantu okukolagana n'amaanyi n'okusuubira okufugibwa.

Embeera z’Eby’Eby’Obugagga n’Ebyangu

Mu ngeri y'emu, gavumenti y'ensi eno era ekola ku by'enfuna. Ebitongole by'eggwanga biyinza okuba n'eby'enjawulo mu by'obufuzi okusinga ebikolerwamu oba eby'emirimu.

Ebiwandiiko by’Abasibe: Empandiika y’Olupapula Egikoze ku Biseera eby’Edda

Ekitundu ekyasooka ekyafulumizibwa mu Amerika ne China kiraga engeri gavumenti gye zaafuukamu abantu ab’enjawulo.

Amerika

Abakulu b'eggwanga lya Amerika baatwalirizibwa endowooza za demokulase eza Interpreters mu kusengeka ennukuta y'ensi era n'okwegomba okw'okwetongola okuva ku bufuzi. Ebyafaayo, obutabawo kwa lufulube, era n'okussa essira ku ntegeka za gavumenti eza buli muntu kinnoomu. Baagoberera endowooza za John Locke Locke de demokrations forcurement ne Demonsquie, enneekiso ya Amereka y'obufuzi. Olukyayinja olw'obufuzi (1775-1717883) tekyali lutalo olw'okwemalirira obuteetwayo kyokka naye era n'okugaana obufuzi obwannannyini obwabulimu. Endagaano eyava mu 1787 yateekawo enkola eyategekebwa wakati w'eggwanga n'entebe z'eby'eby'enfuna, nga yeeyongedde mu n'ebiwandiiko by'amatabi g'eggwanga.

China

Gavumenti y'e China, eky'ekika ekimu eky'ekika kya kampuni, yakwatibwako ebyafaayo bya yona ebiwanvu, okukyuka kw'ebitongole ebya nnamba, n'okwegomba okutebenkera. Ebyafaayo ebikwata ku nfuga n'obukuubagano bya munda byakola kinene nnyo mu kukyusa obufuzi obwa bulijjo. Okumala ebyasa bingi, China yafugibwa ba empula ba propurti n'ekibiina kya konstantiurs. Okugwa kw'enkola kwa Qy Danasty mu 191111% mu kiseera eky'akawukawuka, okulumbaanyiganya, n'entalo y'omunda. Okuwangula kw'Ekikaluva mu Mao Zedol mu 1949 kwatandikawo eky'ekitongole kya Leniginisitanti mu Bula, nga kikulembedde mu kulembedde nga kikulembedde mu ku kulembe lya waggulu. Enfunze ebyafaayo byayo mu “okutyolekebwa kwa Komi, okubuwatyo obuwaŋŋana, n'entalo z'enyinyinyirinziina z'amawanga mu , ne mu bitundu eby'obuwamu ne

Bugirimaani

Gavumenti za Bugirimaani zaakyuka nnyo mu ngeri ey'enjawulo olw'ebintu eby'edda. Oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I, waasemba, naye nga tewakyaliwo ntegeka za demokulase za demokulase era nga wazzeewo obuzibu mu by'enfuna ne by'obufuzi, ekyaviirako Hitler okukomyawo obwannakyemalira (1933-1945). Ssematalo II, Bugirimaani yayawulwamu mu buvanjuba ne Bugwanjuba, nga buli emu erina enteekateeka z'ebyobufuzi ezaawulwawo amatwale. Mu Bugirimaani ow'ebugwanjuba waakyaawula demokrase era n'entegeka za gavumenti z'amateeka, byateekebwawo mu kifo kya waggulu okukomyawo n'okuziyiza okuddayo obwannakyemalira obwannalu. Amateeka geeggulawo (Grungesezzzz'okuwagira obutebe bw'obutebe bw'omukono mu Bugirimaani ekya waggulu (20%).) gaayoleka enkola ya teri mu nkola ya gavumenti ya Bunnamu mu Bulagirwa mu Bulaayamoomatabi ya Bula mu Bula mu Bula mu Bula ne mu Bula

Buyindi

Buyindi okutongoza demokulase oluvannyuma lw'okwefuga mu 1947, kyasibuka nnyo ku byafaayo byayo mu Buyindi era n'ekifo ky'ekibiina kya Bulaaya eky'okwefuga. Obufuzi bwa Bungereza bwatandikawo enteekateeka z'obufuzi bwa palamenti, n'obukulembeze obw'omulembe guno. Kyokka, okukolagana mu ggwanga lya Demokulase mu Mahtma Gandhi ne Jawarlarru kwagoberera emitindo gya demokrase ne demokrase era ne enkola y'obufuzi bwa gavumenti y'ensi eno, nga eno y'eyambisibwa enziko y'okugatta eggwanga erimu ennyo. Ebyafaayo eby'ettemu ebya lukalu, n'okugabaabirabu n'okuteekamu kwago, byaggumiza nnyo obwetaavu bw'eby'obufuzi obwa waggulu n'obutemu n'obutemu, nga bwe but'obuteekulembedde, obunene obwa bulijjo busobola okuteekawo eddembe ly'okufuga n'okuteekawo obwannanyinyinyinyinyinyinyinzivu mu myaka egyaka ne mu kuzimba y'okuzinze y'obusuuka.

Endowooza z’Ebukiikakkule n’Ezo ez’Obukugu

Wadde ng'ebyafaayo bisangibwa mu madaala agasooka ag'ebitundu ebinene, ag'ebitundu eby'omu nsi, ne tekinologiya era nga bikwatagana n'enkola ya gavumenti. Ebiwandiiko bya geographic, obunene bw'ensi, embeera z'obudde, n'enkyukakyuka z'ebitundu ebisuubuzi, bisobola okusinziirwako enkola za gavumenti ez'enjawulo nga Amerika, Russia ne Canada okusobola okugonjoola ensonga. Amawanga gayinza okukola ebiwandiiko byago mu ngeri ez'enjawulo eby'okwerinda n'enkola empewo mu bya gavumenti za nukulembe n'ebyuma bya nukulembedde mu nsi endala. Mu ngeri y'emu, okukulaakulana kwa tekinologali nga , okusobozesa endowooza empya ez'enkyukakyuka mu by'obufuzi okumanyira, oba Internet okusobozesa embeera empya ez'eby'eby'enkalakkalira.

Obuwagizi n’Enjawulo mu Nsi Zonna

Ku nkomerero, gavumenti zikubirizibwa obuwanguzi bw'obufuzi obwa demokulase mu kyasa 19 ne 20 olw'enkulaakulana mu mawanga nga United States ne United Kingdom, wamu n'enkola z'ensi yonna. Wabula, okugajja kw'obufuzi obwa bannakyemalira mu bitundu bya 1930, kwayoleka endowooza y'ensi ey'okugoberera efracism ne eby'obufuzi. Oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo II, olutalo olw'omulembe gwa Bulaayansi ne United States oba Uni Union, era n'enkola ya gavumenti z'ensi yonna. Enkyukakyuka mu by'obufuzi bwa gavumenti z'ensi mu Latin, enfuga mu Bulaayansi ne mu Buvanjubaale, obuttu, n'enkola y'enkulembe ez'abantu, zireebitundu by'ensi yonna ebifaananako e Bulaayansi, era n'enkola y'enkola y'entalo z'abantu. Amawanga ate nga gannaayongera ne mu nsi endala, embeera y'enkola ya gavumenti ez'ensi yonna esobozesa okumanyibwa mu nsi endala.

fundikira

Okutegeera embalirira y'eggwanga kusobozesa okutegeera ensonga lwaki gavumenti ezimu zikkirizibwa. Enkola zino tezikyukakyuka ng'abantu bakyukakyuka era zikolako ku bizibu ebippya. Okutegeera ennyiriri zino zituyamba okutegeera engeri ez'enjawulo ez'eby'obufuzi okwetooloola ensi. Ebyafaayo tebiri mu biseera eby'omu maaso, naye bissaawo olukalala lw'enkyukakyuka mu by'obufuzi. Enkyukakyuka, enjawukana, obuwangwa, enzivumbo, embeera ez'eby'obuwangwa, n'okupikirizibwa kw'ensi yonna ebizikwatako, ebizikwatako, ebizirimu eby'enkyukakyuka mu byafaayo, ebiba byategekebwawo gavumenti, bisobola okumanyisa eby'okumanyisa eby'obufuzi ebigenda okuzisobozesa , ate ne bitegeeza ebigenda mu n'eby'obufuzi. Ng'omulembe mu ngeri y'enjawulo, eyo y'eraga engeri y'enfunze mu manyamalembe g'eby'eby'eby'eby'obufuzi bya amadiini ate ng'eyaganzivugiddwa mu ngeri y'emu, gye binoonya okunoonyereza ekiwanya ennyo okunoonyereza ku nsonga ey'obukulembedde mu n'