Ebizibu Ebiriwo mu Kibiina ky’Abafuzi n’Ekifo ky’Abakungu ba Gavumenti

Mu kiseera kino, kawumpuli ay'omulembe guno akyakola mu ngeri y'obutyabaga. Amawanga gano gasazesezza enkumi nkumi z'abantu buli mwaka era ne gateekako n'obukujjukujju bw'obujjanja bw'obulamu. Wadde nga gavumenti ziwa obulagirizi obukwata ku by'obujjanjabi, era nga ziwa obulagirizi obusinga okugobererwa, empalana nga zigobererwa, gavumenti bwe zikola ku nsonga z'eby'obulamu. Abakulembeze b'eggwanga (/governor, bannamateeka, bannamateeka, bannamateeka, ne bannamateeka bannakyewa w'obukkulembedde (*nti y'obuyinza obukola ku nkola ereetebwa butereevu mu ku kukakasibwa, okukomyawo n'okukukyusa obulabibwa, n'okulondoola, n'okulondoola obutuufu. Ebyo ebisalibwa ab'obujulizi mu mateeka bye basalawo bisalawo bisalawo biragira ku nkola ebiba bikolerwa abo abeetaaga.

Ekitundu kino kyogera ku ngeri enkulu abakungu ba gavumenti gye bagonjoolamu ekizibu kino, enkola enkulu gye bakozesa okusobola okugonjoola ekizibu eky'amaanyi ekiba kikosebwa, obuzibu bwe boolekagana nabwo, n'ebyokulabirako ebya ddala eby'abantu abaafuna obuwanguzi mu nsi bwe baagezaako. Bwe bategeera, abateeka obulamu bwabwe mu kabi k'enkola zino, basobola okulwanirira n'okuteeka mu nkola enkola eziwonya obulamu era n'okukendeeza ku bizibu ebiva mu mu mulwadde guno.

Omulimu Gwa gavumenti Gwakola mu Kulwanyisa Kizibu Ekiri mu Maaso

Abakungu ba gavumenti bategekeddwa kukolagana mu ngeri ez'enjawulo mu ngeri ez'enjawulo mu kuteeka ku nkola enkola z'obujjanjabi mu bitongole eby'eddwaliro, mu madaala, mu nkola ezireetera endwadde, mu bitongole ebikuuma amateeka n'eby'enjigiriza. Bassaawo enkola ezikwata ku ngeri gavumenti gye zikwatamu okunywa omwenge.

Ng'ekyokulabirako, bannabyabufuzi balina amaanyi okuyisa enzijanjaba y'eby'obulamu ekyangu okumanyisa abawa obuyambi mu by'obulamu. Basobola okulonda abawagizi abasobola okukola emirimu, okukulembera abawagizi ba gavumenti okuteekawo enkola ya naloxone, era nga bateesa n'abawagizi ab'obujjanjabi okuggyawo enkonge ezikugira obujjanjabi obuva mu bujjanjabi bw'omuliro. Attorneys, mu kiseera kino, ayinza okukulembera ebitongole ebivuganyabitongole ebikola ebikozesebwa mu ku eddagala ne mu kugaba obuyambi obuva mu ku mikutu egisobola okugula obuwewereza.

Kubanga ekizibu ky'e - opioid kikyuka mangu ddala — okuva ku nkola z’ekisawo (opioids) okutuuka ku heroin okukifuula fentanyl ate kati okutuuka ku xylazine allerants) era n'abakulu mu gavumenti balina okukyusakyusa mu ngeri gye bakwatamu embeera zaabwe.

Abafuzi Abakozesa Emirimu Egisinga Obukulu mu Bufuzi

Abakulu b'ebitongole baagoberedde enkola ez'enjawulo okukendeeza ku kukozesa obubi opioid, okuziyiza okukozesa obubi omwenge n'okumanyira ddala engeri y'okulabirirwamu. Wadde nga tewali nkola ndala yonna eyinza okukozesebwa okweyawula ku balala, ebitundu bino wammanga bya mutawaana nnyo.

Okuyongera Obusobozi bw’Okujjanjaba n’Okujjanjaba Omuti

Ekimu ku bintu ebisingayo obulungi ebiyamba okukendeeza ku ntegeka ey'okukozesa opioid (OUD) kwe kujjanjaba okw''obwongo, okuzingiramu metadone, buplenorphine, ne naltrexene. Gavana bangi bataddewo embalirira y'obusobozi bw'okuwaayo mu kuwaayo ssente ezikozesebwa mu malwaliro, nga bakendeeza ekyetaagisa n'okuwagira ebifo eby'enkola ebizikwata ku nkola eyo. Amasaza agamu gaayongera ne Medicaid wansi wa Act ewandikiro, nga kiwandisizza abantu abakulu abasobola okufuna ebibakwata. Okunoonyereza kulaga nti ssente eziyitibwa Medid zeyongerebwawo mu ku nkola y'EMPY n'okugobeeyambisibwa mu ku kufa.

Abakulu b'eggwanga era bakoze omulimu okuggyawo enkonge ezibakugira okukwata ku nkola. Abamu bawagidde ekyetaagisa okuwandiisa abalwadde mu kifo ekyawukanya ku kuwandiisa bugrenorphine (oyo ayitibwa "X-wainer"), ekikomyewo oluvannyuma okusinziira ku nkola y'eggwanga. Abalala bataddewo enteekateeka mu mirimu egikolebwa ku balwadde mu byalo, ne kisobozesa abalwadde abali mu bitundu eby'omusokero okufuna ebbeeyi ez'okuva ku dduyiro. Okugatta ku ekyo, bannaammeeya baadde baawadde akawayiro "cub-palk-rip" akawayiro akalaga enkola ey'okusiikulembeddeko nga y'okujjanjaba abalwadde abo abava mu byayo.

Programu za PDMPs ezikwata ku kukozesa ebiragalalagala

PDMP ze bukodyo bwa kompyuta obukozesebwa okuzuula ebiragiro ebiwa obulagirizi ku nkola y'obujjanjabi mu by'ekisawo. Bwe bakozesebwa, bayamba abasawo okumanya abalwadde ababa nga bakola ebikolebwa oba nga bafuna envanya zaabwo ezikola opioid ne benzodizepine. Abakulu b'ebyuma baz'ebyuma banyweza PDMPs nga bateekamu obubonero obulagira kutandika w'eddagala nga buwandisibwa, era ne basobozesa sisitemu okusobozesa PDMPs okuwerezebwako nga wamaze okukebera ennyiriri z'obulumi obw'amaanyi. Amawanga agamu gateetaasebwa ne kikwetaagisa ne bannaawesebwa nga bannagyo okukebera ebizitonero.

Abakulu b'eggwanga era bakozesezza enkola eya PDMP okulagira abawabuzi ba PDMP abangi baleme okuzuula ebibalagibwa, okusindika alipoota ez'ebiragiro, n'okulonda ennamba ez'ebiwandikiro ebiba biwandikiddwa abawandise abali mu ddwaliro waggulu aw'okuteekateeka ebiba bigendereddwa. Kyokka, wazzewo obuzibu mu kukakasa nti PDMP tezikola kiwandikidwa kuba nga nnanyinizi ey'omukozesa, era nga tezizizizizitooyizza nnyo eri abasawo.

Okuwagira Obuyambi mu Kukendeeza Enkyukakyuka

Enkola ez'okukendeeza ku kabi k'ebikolebwako zeeyongedde okukkirizibwa ng'ekimu ku ebyo ebiviirako obutundutundu opioid obukola ku nkola eyo. Abakulu b'eggwanga bakoze kinene mu kugaziya enkola ya naloxone, eddagala eriwonya obulamu era erikyusa enkola ey'okukozesa antiroids. Bangi bawa ebiragiro ebiyimirira ebikkiriza enkola ya naloxone okusaasaanya aw'okugaba ebiva ku nukutawanya ekitundu, era n'abakulembezza obutundu obusookerwako, n'abakulembezza ku nkola eno.

Eggwanga ezimu zeeyongedde okutandikawo kaweefube asobozesa abantu okuggya empiso mu nsawo, okukendeeza ku siriimu n'obulwadde bw'ekibumba (ekika kya kirooto) era n'okusobozesa enzijanjaba ezisobozesa abantu okulwanyisa. Ebitundu ebiwerako biwagidde abantu okukozesa eddagala eribawa obujjanjabi obusobola okubayamba obutakozesa ddoozi ez'amaanyi. Wadde nga bino kaweefube gasigala nga gakyayibwa mu by'obufuzi, bakungu ba gavumenti mu bifo nga Rhode Island, New York, ne California, babakasembye okuba obujulizi bw'obujulizi obulaga nti abantu bakozesezza eddagala eriyinza okutta abantu.

Abakulembeze b’Eddiini n’Ez’Obumenyi bw’Eby’Amateeka Approates

Bakungu ba gavumenti bateekawo etteeka erisobola okusobozesa okutereeza engeri opioids gye zikwatibwamu era n'engeri abantu abalina omuze ogw'okusala emisango. Gavana bangi bataddewo emikono "Mulungi Samaliya" amateeka agakugira okukwatibwa abantu ababa bakozesezza amadaala nga bayiti 9.11. Abalala bawagidde enkola "360-degree" eree akawayiro akakomyawo abamenyi b'amateeka okuzza abaze enjaga mu kifo eky'okuteeka abantu mu buyinza.

Okugatta ku ekyo, bakungu ba gavumenti bakoze kyonna ekisoboka okukyusa amateeka agabadde gawandiikiddwa, gamba nga okukendeeza ku buwanvu bw'obuwanvu n'enkola eziweebwa opioid eziyinza okusobozesa obulumi obw'amaanyi.Ekyo kiyinza okukwetaagisa abawandiisi okusobola okujjanjaba endwadde endala era n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo n'abalwadde ku kabi akayinza okuva mu mateeka.

Ebizibu Ebiri mu Bukulembeze

Wadde nga bafuba nnyo, bannabyabufuzi boolekagana n’okusoomooza okw’amaanyi okukaluubiriza okulwanyisa ekizibu kino.

Ensolo Entono era Etamanyiddwa Buseera

Ssente nnyingi ezikozesebwa okusobola okukola ku nfuna ziva mu mpawo ezikolebwa gavumenti, gamba nga State Opioid Resource (SOR) eweereddwa SAMHSA. Kyokka, ssente zino zitera okukomako ebiseera ate nga zikwataganyizibwa ne n'enkyukakyuka mu by'obufuzi. Abakulu b'eggwanga era balina okuvuganya n'ebintu ebirala ebisookerwako. $sciations, ennono, obujjanjabi n'obujjanjabi bw'ensimbi, okukifuula kizibu okuwanirira essente eziziziyiza okutaasaawo obudde n'okujjanjaba. Empuni eziziganya ebizikolako bitera okuzikomyawo mu myaka mingi era biyinza okuvaamu enzibeetaagonjo mu bwangu kiyinza okukkirizibwa okukkirizibwa.

Obukyayi n’Okuziyizibwa mu by’obufuzi

Okwekamirira omwenge kusigala nga kuswaza nnyo era bakungu bangi mu gavumenti basobeddwa nnyo singa bateekawo obuteeso mu ngeri y'okukendeeza ku mitendera gamba nga SSPs oba ebifo ebirabirirwa ebintu. Okuziyizibwa okuva mu bantu ab'omu kitundu, okugobererwa kw'amateeka, n'okulwawo okukolebwa kw'obujulizi. N'obujulizi obuva mu kukwata obujjanjabi ku bantu biyinza okutwalibwa nga "abavubuka" ebikozesebwa abantu ba gavumenti, ebiwaliriza abakulembeze ba gavumenti okuteeka ennyo ssente mu kaweefube ow'eby'enjigiriza.

Okukwata Obulungi Obugobererwa mu Bulamu n’Amateeka

Abakulu ba gavumenti balina okumanyisa enkyukyuka wakati w'okujjanjaba abanywi b'enjaga nga balwadde n'okukyusa ebibali ku buwangwa bw'amadaala. Engeri ez'okubonerezebwa ekisusse ziyinza okulemesa abantu okunoonya obuyambi, ate nga enkola ez'okugonjoolera ebyannookebwa ziyinza okutwalibwa nga tezisobola kutuuka ku bannabyabusuubuzi. Okuzuula ettuttumu erya nnamaddala kizibu naddala mu masaza omuli eby'obugagga ebitono n'obumenyi bw'empala obusinga obungi obw'enjaga.

Ekitundu Ekikwata ku by’Obunnabbi n’Okukolagana

Obukodyo obukola ku nkola y'ekiwango bugendera ku manya agaategekebwa mu kiseera ekituufu. Kyokka, ebitongole by'eby'obulamu, ebitongole eby'eby'obulwadde, n'okugobererwa kw'amateeka bitera okukola mu silos nga birimu eby'okuzuukusa. Amateeka agabwega oba ebiwandike ebizingirwamu ku muntu kinnoomu nga HIPAA era gayinza okuziyiza okugattibwa ku bubaka obumu. Abakulu mu gavumenti beetaaga okusemba mu buwandike obw'eby'obulamu n'okumanyisa ebikwata ku nkola y'obujjanjabi obukolebwa okusobola okumanya ebizibu ebiba bizzewo (umt., kibo, mu kufa kwa bannamba).

Okubeera mu Bibuga n’Enjawulo mu Bibuga

Ekizibu ekiva mu bibalo ne mu byalo kikosa ebiva ku buzibu bwa opioid. Naye obuzibu bw'obeera mu bibuga ne mu byalo, embeera tebwawukana. Bitera okubaamu abantu abatamanyi bulungi bujjanjabi, ebizimbe ebikendedde, era n'eby'entambula ebya lukale okusobola okulonda abantu ababa bagenda okulagirwa okukola emirimu. Mu mabubuga omwali enjagaawe empaka n'amalagala, era n'abantu abateeb'obulwadde bw'obwo obuleeta obulwadde bw'obwongo. Abakulembezza ku bya gavumenti balina okuteekawo amateeka ageeyambi obw'enkyukakyuka zino.

Okuvvuunuka Ebizibu olw’Okufuna Obuyambi

Wadde nga waliwo ebizibu bino, bakungu ba gavumenti bangi bakoze ebintu ebikola ng'omusaalaba okusobola okugattibwako ebintu ebirungi, nga bakola ebintu ebiteetaagisa bingi nga National Gearmar Association opioids, era nga beenyigidde butereevu mu bantu abatwaliriziddwa omuze. Abamu bataddewo "Bamamonal'ab'obuyinza" okusobola okuddukanya ensimbi ezikozesebwa obulungi mu bibiina by'ensi yonna.

Tekinologiya era ewa obukakafu obulaga nti tekinologiya asobola okukozesebwa. Ebirala bikozesa ebyuma ebikola ebbeeyi mu kukozesa obubi obwa bulijjo.

Okunoonyereza ku Buzibu: gavumenti Esobola Okukuyamba

Bwe twekenneenya ebitongole ebitaliko kye bikola, tusobola okubaako kye bituyigiriza ku ngeri gye biyinza okukozesaamu ebintu ebitalina kukozesebwa.

Ohio: Ab’oluganda baawuliriza olukuŋŋaana olwo

Ohio y'egenda mu kifo kino eky'obuteeberezebwa obunene bw'ekitongole ekibali ku budde mu nsi. Mu kyeyava, Gavana Mike DeWine yafulumya olukalala "Ohio Opioid Resource" mu 2019, oluva mu ntengo y'eggwanga n'enkungo z'eggwanga. Ebigendererwamu okugaziya okusobola okufuna obujanjabi mu bitongole eby'aw'ekika ekya buli kiseera, ebigenda mu mpalo ebigenda mu maaso ebigendera ku bulamu obwa bulijjo ebituuka mu bya byalo kyalo kya Appá, era n'ekola ekitongole ekiyita "opiopid preadboardardo" okutuuka ku madaala agasukka obukadde $200 (R30,000) okutuuka ku mataba, n'obujjanjabi obusinga obungi okuva ku mpalo na ku kampulansi ya naxone. Ate mu mateeka gassawo ebifa mu mwaka gwa 201 mu mwaka gwa 201.

Rhode Island: Okutuuza mu nsi endala Kirumya Okukendeeza n’Okukwata Obujjanjabi

Rhode Island yateeka mu nteeko n'ateekamu enjawukana mu nkola y'obulwadde. Mu kufuga kwa Gavana Gina Rainondo ne Gavana Dan McKee, gavumenti yawa obuyambi omurabizi w'ekifo.[1] era n'eyongera ne programu zaayo ez'okupima ebiwundu bya ddoozi okugatta awamu n'ebiwundu bya ddonze. Mu 2023, gavumenti yawandiisa mu kulemberwa w'enkola ya dringe okukendeeza obutundu bwa freettonl okuteekamu obutundu obutonotono obulagira nti, obutundu obusooka obusooka busobola okukeberebwa mu biwundu. Rhode era n'ebitundu ebyo byagoberezebwa mu ngeri y'enkola eyongerako ku muwendo gw'abantu abafuna MPANDIKo. Mu mwaka gwa 2023, gavumenti yasaafunyawo obunene okugeraageranya n'obutundu obulala obwa bulijjo obulala obwakaludde.

Virginia ow’Ebugwanjuba: Okutaasa Ebiri mu Bibuga

Virginia ow'ebugwanjuba y'ensi eno y'enkalu y'abantu abaasukkuluma mu kukozesa autooids aspiration , naye bakulu ba gavumenti bakoze enteekateeka ez'amaanyi okusobozesa ebisalo ebisatu ebisaasaanyizibwa mu byalo. Gavana Jim Justier yagaziya programu ya gavumenti ya Maayid okusobola okusasulira MPANDIKA era n'akozesa gavumenti okuteekawo ensimbi okukola ebibinja ebisobola okukyalira abadduukirize nga bakozesezza enjola eyo. Gavumenti era yatandikawo ekituuti ekolagana n'abantu abali mu byalo ne bannasayansi abakugunjufu mu West Virginia. Wadde eno ebizibu ebikeereze ebireetebwawo nga bikyeyongerayongera ku muwendo gw'abo abaayinyeemitwe 15% mu myaka ebiri.

Obulagirizi Obunaakozesebwa Gavumenti mu Biseera eby'Omu Maaso

Obuzibu obuyitibwa opioid bweyongera bweyongezi okubaawo. Abakulu b'eggwanga bwetaasa obungi nga bulina okuteeka obunene obuva ku misono gya fentanyl, xylazine (omusokero gw'ebisolo) n'okukozesa ebiweweweerero. Ebisinga obukulu mu biseera eby'omu maaso birina kubaamu:

  • [[Akabonero:0] Kayinza okutegeeza ebintu ebiba bifulumya mu kiseera kyennyini eky'obukalu oba eky'omu nnenga.[[K'OMUTEE]
  • [[Act:0] Okulongoosa ebikolebwako mu ngeri esobozesa ebikolebwako okubukyusamu mu nkola gye bigoberera enkola eyo [[KITEGEKE]] (enzijanjaba ey'ekika kya yo) ey'okuzza ebirowoozo n'okukusobozesa okufuna enzijanjaba ezikozesebwa mu kukozesa polylypulations, nga kiwandikibwako okunoonyereza okulaga nti ebigirimu bikola.
  • [[Act:0] Asobola okugaziya abakozi abakozesa obukalu nga akozesa ssente ezitendeka abasawo abanyazi, abasawo, n'abasawo okuwandiisa EMPANDIKA.
  • [[Act:0] Okwekenneenya ebifa ku ddagala mu butonde bwonna[[[NT:1] kwe kukebera ebiva mu kukozesa ebiragalalagala mu ngeri ereetebwawo ekiwandikiro oba ebitongole ebikola ku budde obw'ekikebe oba obw'ekikebe oba obw'ekikebe oba obw'ekikebe kya nyiri.
  • [[Act:0]] Ekolagana wakati w'obunene n'obugazi bw'omusaalaba ku kulabibwa n'okukulemberwa kw'amateeka okugattika awamu okutaataaganya enkola ey'okutunda amalagala.

Gavana n'abayituko baabwe nabo balina okweyongera okusaasaanyiza mu mateeka okusobola okussaawo emikutu egikozesebwa mu kwenyigira mu mirimu nga gibawa ssente ze kikola ku by'enteeyidde ebya bulijjo. Kaweefube w'okuyigiriza abantu okusobola okukendeeza ku buwagizi abantu bwe baba bafunye, era n'okukendeeza ku buswavu obuba bubaweereddwa mu bantu.

fundikira

Abakulu b'eggwanga be bannassaayansi abatwala ebweru w'ekizibu kya Amereka. Obuyinza bwabwe ku nkola z'eby'obulamu, ku nteeko, ne ku mateeka, bibawa obusobozi obw'enjawulo obw'okukomyawo obujulizi, okuwonya obulamu bw'abantu, n'okukendeeza ku ebyo ebiva ku kusaasaanya ssente, obuswavu n'obukulembeze mu by'obufuzi, obuppya n'obutebenkevu ebibeera mu bitundu nga Ohio, Rhode Island, ne West Virginia biraga nti okukulaakulana k'enkulaakulana.

Kawumpuli oyo bw'agenda yeeyongera okusaasaana, ab'obuyinza mu gavumenti bakyeyongera okumuwa obukakafu obulaga nti omuntu bw'akolera wamu n'ebitongole bya gavumenti, ebibeera mu kitundu n'eby'obujjanjabi, kijja kuba kikulu nnyo. Ekiruubirirwa tekikoma ku kukendeeza ku kufa mu ngeri ey'okuluzaamu, naye era kibeere kya kukola enteekateeka ezisobozesa abantu bonna mu Amereka obutanywa mwenge ne bawona.

Okumanya ebisingawo, laba [[Act:0]CD'Dragn averveillance, Guvernational Association Opioid Initive, ne [[FLT:]NPR]S embali y'eggwanga[