Ekibinja ky’Ekibiina ky’Ekitongole Ekikola ku by’Obunnabyabufuzi n’Entalo: Olugendo olw’Eby’obufuzi olw’Okusoomoozebwa n’Emirembe

Enzibu mu Northern Ireland (singa 1968-1988) zikiikirira ekimu ku ssuula ezikyasinze okutaalimu okubenjera mu byafaayo ebya Bungereza n'ebya Irland. Mu kifo eky'okugatta ab'ebyobufuzi, wabaddewo Ulster Unionst Party [UP][[FLL:1]], ekyakozesebwanga ng'ekigambo ekikulu mu bannabyabufuzi. UP kye yakolanga ku bizibu ebyajjawo mu lukutaano olwo nga lwakaasooka.[OLP]

Wadde: Amafuta Agatali ga Njawulo

Mu 1905, ekibiina ekyo kyatandikibwawo mu kibiina kya Ulster Union Party, kye kyali kisinga okuwanirira obutuuze bwa Northern Ireland ne Great Britain. Ekibiina ekyo kyasobola okusigala nga kiri ku ttwale lya Scormont, era nga kifuga mu ntegeka eya Bakatuliki n'Abatuuze b'eggwanga bangi gye baatwala okuba ng'abawagizi. Obukulembeze bwa UUP bwali bukulu nnyo, nga bulaga nti obuwagizi bwa Bume, obupolotesitanti okugattika obusingawo, era n'okuwakanya obusosoze mu ggwanga lya Irland. Kyokka, ebyasooka, mu myaka gya 1960, okupikirizibwa okuleetawo enkyukakyuka mu nkyukakyuka kwajjawo okuva mu gavumenti y'e UK ne mu kukulaakulana obutongole obukola entegeka z'abantu.

Minisita omukulu ayitibwa Terence O’Neill (1963-1969) yagezaako okuleetawo enkyukakyuka ez'amaanyi ezaali zigendererwa okulongoosa enkolagana wakati w'Abakatuliki n'abakatoliki nga "ekikolwa eky'okuyitirirako ekiyitibwa Londonderry Development Commission era n'okuyita abantu mu Irish Taois, Seán Lemass, baleme okuziyombeeka. Ebyo byaleetawo okuwakanya okusoomooza okw'amaanyi mu kibiina kye n'obuwagizi bwa bannaakyo. Bangi mu UP baatwala okukkiriza kwonna nga kusendeka olusenyisifu eri Ireland. Obukyawuubaga wakati w'abatujjuzi n'abatujjuuzi b'abawamu bajja kunnyonnyola kyeyawuuzi mu myaka egya waggulu. Eby'obufuzi mu nkyukakyuka mu kibiina ky'obuzibu bw'amatabanguko, laba [FL:]B History of Troust]

Olukomera lwa Ulupu Olwasooka: Okulwanirira Obumu mu Kizibu Ekyaliwo

Mu 1968, ekibiina kya Ulster Union Union Party bwe kyatandika okutambula mu buyinza obwa bulijjo, kyagwa mu kabi. Nhlangano gwa Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association (NICRA) gwasaba abantu okulekera awo okusuza, okugaba amayumba agaasalibwa mu ngeri ey'obwenkanya, era n'okugobererwa kw'amateeka ag'enjawulo okwali kubonerezebwa okumala ebbanga ddene. Abatuuze b'eggwanga baasooka ne beewala okugootaaza obukiiko bw'omulembe. Waddeill yakkiriza nti waliwo enkyukakyuka ezaaliwo mu mateeka era n'obukulembeze bw'eggwanga bwali tebulina kuleetawo nkyukakyuka.

Kino kyawa UP akakisa okusekerera abawagizi kyokka ne beewala okwegatta butereevu n'okulumiriza ab'obuyinza. Mu kiseera kye kimu, abakungu b'ekibiina ekyo baakakanyantika nnyo, era bangi baalowooza nti ebyambalo bya gavumenti yaabwe byali birumbiddwa. UP yalemererwa okuleetawo enkyukakyuka ez'amaanyi mu mawanga agaawuka agatali gamu era ne bawagira obukyayi mu kugobererwa kw'ebibuga mu 1969.

Ekikolwa ky’Abalwanyi ba Bungereza mu 1969 n’Enkomerero y’Abasirikale ba Bungereza

Mu Agusito 1969, obwegugungo mu Derry ne Belfast bwagobererwa Royal Ulster Consabulary (RUC). Amagye ga Bungereza gaateekebwawo okuzzaawo emirembe. UUP wansi wa nnannyini Guwanda James Chichester-Clark (eyaddira O’Neill mu Maayi 1969) yakkiriza okutwalibwa ng'ekintu ekyali kyetaagisa [1] naye ekibiina kyali kitya nnyo Westminster okukola omulimu ogwalimu mu Northern Ireland.

Mu kiseera ekyo, waaliwo okupikirizibwa kwa UUP okusobola okukola enkyukakyuka ezaali zeetaagisa ekitongole kya Cameron Report awamu ne lipoota eya Hunt, eyagamba nti tewandibadde na nkyukakyuka nnene ezikolebwa mu poliisi. Akakiiko ako kaawagira enkyukakyuka ezo nga kamanyi nti okulemererwa okuleetawo amateeka ga London. Wadde kyali kizibu nnyo okuzikola olw'okuziyizibwa okuva eri abantu abeesigwa n'abamu ku UP. Mu kiseera kino, waaliwo enjawukana ez'amaanyi wakati w'ekibiina ekyo n'abo abamaliridde okuziyiza obuteekulembeddewo obuyinza obw'okulwanirira obukulembeze.

Olukunyuma lw’Ettemu (1917-1976)

Mu myaka gya 1970, waaliwo okusaasaana okw'amaanyi mu bya amagye.Akakiiko IRA kaatandikawo kaweefube ow'amaanyi ow'okukuba bbomu, ng'ate bannabyabufuzi abeesigwa gamba nga Ulster Defence Association (UDA) ne Ulster Woorganizer Force (UVF) beesasuza okutemulwa.

Ekimu ku bintu ebyasinga okuleetawo akakuubagano mu gavumenti ya UUP kye kiruwa, nga tewakyaliwo kukeberebwa kwa Bakatuliki abangi. Ekiragiro kino kyatandika mu Agusito 1971 wansi wa nnannyini kampuni Brian Faulkner. Internament yagendererwa okuteebereza nti gavumenti ya buwagizi bwa gavumenti naye yafa naye nga tefiiridde ddala bugezi bwa kiseera ekikadde ne kiviirako Abakatoliki bangi abatalina musango okukwatibwa. Gavumenti eyo yayongera kuwanirira IRA, ne kyeyayawuluza ekibi mu nsi yonna.

Endowooza z’Abakuumi n’Enkolagana y’Abakugu mu Kitongole ky’Eby’Eby’Eby’Okwerinda

Mu Nsonga ezo zonna, UUUP yalwanirira nnyo amagye ga bannabyabufuzi, naddala aga amagye ga British Defence Regiment (UDR). Akakiiko ako kaawakanyanga obukakali nti okuzzaawo amateeka n'okugootaanya bye byali bisinga okukulembezebwako, wadde nga kyali kitegeeza okukugira eddembe lya bantu. Ab'ekika kya UP bangi baawagiranga UDR, amagye ag'omu kitundu ekyafuuka amagye ga Bungereza agasinga obunene. Kyokka, obuwandiike obw'okuzzaawo amateeka wakati w'amagye n'ebyebyamagatte, obwa bulijjo, obwalina okugattirawo obuwagizibwa mu kifo eky'amaanyi. Ekibiina ekyo kyagaana ebyo ebiwayinja ebikolebwa (nga ebiyitibwa Steven ne dessCrison) bye byakakasibwawo mu mbeera ezitali za .

Ekiragiro UUP era kyafuga enkola z'abamenyi b'amateeka. Ng'ekyokulabirako, kkooti Diplock[1]=non-jury ebyatandikibwawo mu 1973 okusobola okukomya okutiisibwa abalamuzi n'okuwanirira obuwagizi bwabwe. Wadde nga baalina ekigendererwa eky'okulwanirira abamenyi b'amateeka, kkooti zino zaasekererwa eddembe ly'obuntu. Ekiwandiiko kya UUP ekikwata ku bukuumi obwa bulijjo kyasibuka ku nukulirowo nti eggwanga eryo liteekwa okuba nga lyalina okuwangula obulumbaganyi obwa bannaalyo.

Endowooza z’Eby’obufuzi: Okuva ku Suningdale Okutuuka ku Kiwandiiko kya Bungereza

Wadde nga mu kusooka kyabanga kirungi, UUP yali tesobola kwewala kukubaganya birowoozo ku nsonga z'eby'obufuzi. Scomont okugwa kwa 1972 era n'obufuzi obwa nnamba okuwaliriza abatuuze abagatta okukolagana ne gavumenti za Bungereza ne Irland ku nteekateeka empya ez'ebyobufuzi.

Olukujjuko lw’Okuwuubaalo (1903) n’Ebyaddirira

Ekitongole kya Sunningdale Aguilment kye kyali ekirowoozo ekyasooka okuteekawo ekifo eky'amaanyi mu Northern Ireland. UUP, wansi wa Brian Faulkner (yafuuka Minisita omukazi omukulu mu 1971), kyenyigira mu mboozi era ne kikkiriza gavumenti emu eyalimu omukago oguzingiramu Social Democratic and Labour Party (SSLP) ne mu Party druument arselment. Endagaano eyo era yatandikawo Olukiiko lwa Ireland era ne k'ewanjula Republic.

Ku bikwata ku kukolagana mu ngeri ey'enjawulo mu UP ne mu kugatta awamu kwa Democratic Council (Duulkner), Suningdale kyali kikiikirira kkomo lya Pragmal: amaanyi n'akuuma oluganda wakati wa UK, ng'ate Kolunobo y'e Ireland si ya maanyi nnyo. Kyokka, abakwatanyisi mu nkalala mu Uupu era ne Democratic Union (DuP) baakulemberwa Ian Paisley. Omuntu abadde ategekebwa olukiiko lw'eggwanga lwa Ulster Councils mu Maayi 1974 yaleetera Ireland okuyimirira era n'okukakasiza Faulk okumenyawo. Mu kiseera ekyo Faulner yamenyamenyamu omukungu wa Ireland ow'omulembe obumpi (UPN). Olukiiko olukulu olw'omu Western Ireland (UPN) lweyongera okuzza ekifo eky'oludda olukulu olw'omugga.

Endagaano y’Oluganda n’Enzikiriza ya Anglo - Irbain (1985)

Ekintu ekirala ekyaviirako okubenjebwawo okw'amaanyi okw'ebyobufuzi okusiiga omukono ku ndagaano y'Ekiwandiiko ky'Akakiiko k'Agwfulumenti aka Bungereza n'Abeseri mu Noovemba 1985, kyakolebwa katikkiro wa Bungereza Margaret Thecher ne Irish Taoisseach Garret FitzGeraldd. Endagaano yawamba gavumenti ya Ireland ey'omu Northern Ireland eby'obudde, okuyitira mu Nkiiko ya Intergovernmental. UUP, mu kiseera ekyo yakulembera James Molyneaux, n'asunguwaza busungu. Ekibiina ekyo kyalangirira nti, kyalyawulumbye gavumenti, era ne kaweefube w'okuva mu Bungereza.

Wadde nga waaliwo okuziyizibwa okw'amaanyi, Agumenti ya Anglo-Irish teyaviirako kugwa kwa UP; wabula, yakakanyantifu n'ekusobozesa abantu okukolagana obulungi ne DDUP mu kaweefube eya “Ulster At”. Kyokka, endagaano era yamanyisa nti abawagizi ba Bungereza tebaalina ngeri gye bayinza kukwatamu n'enkyukakyuka. Kino kyagonjoola ekkubo basobole okuzikwata ku ngeri endala mu myaka gya 1990. Ekiragiro kyekebeesaamu ek'enkola eyo kiyinza okusangibwa mu [[FL:] mu kaweefube oyo.

Enjawukana z’Omunda n’Enkomerero Empitirivu Egenda mu Mirembe

Mu myaka gya 1980 ne ku ntandikwa y'omwaka gwa 1990, UUP yeeyongera okusoberwa wakati w'okukwata enkola y'ebyobufuzi era n'okunywerera ku nnyimirira y'obutuuze bw'ekibiina. Obukulembeze bw'ekibiina wansi wa James Molyneaux (1979-19995) bwali bwegendereza, era nga lwookka okukolera mu mikutu gya Bungereza. "Nga mu Nnyumba ya Commons" mu kifo ky'okukajjamu okukubaganya ebirowoozo.

Naye ekifo kyakyuka oluvannyuma lw'ekiragiro kya 1993 Deving Street Declaration ne IRA ekyakoma mu 1994 olw'etteeka ery'Abalwanyi Abanyweredde ku Nkola y'Abalwanyi ab'Eŋŋanda Ababali mu Buwabule ne IRA. UUP wansi wa Molyneaux, tewalwanguyiriza kumanyiira kutuuka ku mbeera eyo era n'okwekuba mu nvumbo.Mu 1995, David Trimble yafuuka omukulembeze, nga akiikirira omulembe omulembe ogwali ogwali ogw'okugezesa obanga tewaliiwo mirembe. Obukulembeze bwa Trimb ne bweyongera bwo.

David Alemererwa era n’Ekirabo Ekirungi eky’Okutaano

David Trimble yatwala ekitongole kya UUP mu bumalirivu okutangirira ebibamba ebisobola okumalawo nga akuuma obufumbo. Yayingira mu mboozi nnyingi ezaalimu Sinn Féin, wadde nga yalimu obukyayi bwa maanyi. Ekyavaamu Good Good Frigit [Kivumenti eyinza okumalawo ebizibu byonna'omulembe gwa 1998] kye ky'ebadde ekikongobozo: kyakolebwa nga kikola omusingi gwa siriimu (Sin'eyalina obuyinza obwalimu UK) era nga ebitongole ebisinga obungi ebikola emidaalimu birengo.

Trimble yafuuka Minisita ow'Okusooka owa Northern Ireland mu Ddesemba 1999. Naye enjawukana za UP ez'omunda zayongera bwongezi kukula. Olw'ensonga nga IRA decominging, ekibiina ekyo kyawagira eddiini eyitibwa Dupus, eyagaana endagaano eyo. Trimmed Yava mu Buweereza Obusooka mu mwaka gwa 2001 era n'eddamu okukaka abantu okuleka omulimu gwabwe. Wadde nga mu 2002, baawangula ekirabo kya Nobel eky'emirembe mu 1998 ne John Hum, Trimble yali tasobola kuwagira UUP.

Engeri Abantu Abalina Ebizibu gye Batwalamu Ekirabo kya UP

Olugendo lw'ekibiina kya Ulster Unioniss Party lweyoleka bulungi engeri gye bayitamu mu bizibu.

Ekyokubiri, wadde nga waaliwo obukuubagano wakati w'eggwanga lya UUP okuva mu Faulkner okutuuka mu Trimeble, baakola kyereeto ekizibu ekyaviirako abantu okukkirizibwa mu by'obufuzi okusigala nga balamu. Ekyokusatu, ekibiina ekyo kyava ku nzikkiriza y'enzikiriza ey'okukolagana mu Good Wender Agreement.

Bannabyafaayo beeyongera okukaayana ku ebyo ebyava mu UUP. Abakuutifu bagamba nti okulemererwa kw'ekibiina okukkiriza enkyukakyuka mu bujjuvu mu myaka gya 1960 kye kyavaako ettemu lingi nnyo mu ttuluba lya bannabyabufuzi. Abawagizi baagamba nti singa tewaaliwo gavumenti ya UP n'obumalirivu bwayo obw'okussa kimu n'okussa kimu n'enkola, tewandibaddewo mirembe gya lubeerera. Okunoonyereza okwa nnamaddala, laba

Abadduka Ewaabwe

  • Mu kusooka, gavumenti ya UUP yagaana okuleetawo enkyukakyuka mu nsonga z’abantu, era ekyo kyaleetawo obukuubagano obwavaamu ebizibu.
  • Ekibiina ekyo kyawagiranga enkola ez'amaanyi ez'okukuuma obubenje gamba ng’okusiba ebibakwatako n’okukuba kkooti ezitali za bulimba ezaayawulaganya amawanga.
  • Abatuuze b’omu UUP beenyigira mu tteeka eryo era ne balyoka baliwakanya, era ekyo kyayoleka enjawukana ez’amaanyi eziri munda.
  • Mu Kukkiriza okw’Okutaano, David Trim, omukulembeze w’eddiini eyo yakkiriza endagaano eyaweebwanga ekirabo kya Nobel eky’Emirembe.
  • Electoral yaddirira ng’olukiiko oluyitibwa Dupu luwamba akalulu ak’amaanyi.

Ku ebyo bye baakolera ekibiina kya Ulster Unionist Party, baagezaako nnyo okulwanirira obufumbo n'okukola ku bizibu by'abantu ebyajjawo mu kiseera kya Baibuli. Obuwanguzi n'obuzibu ebya kiwandikiro kiwa abafuzi eby'okuyiga ebigezo eby'olubeerera ebikwata ku kugonjoolera ddala olutalo n'obukulembeze mu mawanga agatali bumu. Okusobola okweyongera okubusoma, genda ku 'Oxford Reference on the Ulster Union Party[ ne ku kuyingira mu by'onoonyeza by'obufuzi [[FLT:]BRINUP[F]